Efficient and smooth gear shifting synchronizer assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses an efficient and smooth gear-shifting synchronizer assembly, and belongs to the technical field of gear-shifting synchronizing mechanisms of automobile transmissions. The problems of gear shifting clamping stagnation and secondary impact of vehicles with large torque, high inertia and the like are solved; and meanwhile, the problem of unexpected out-of-gear under the sudden acceleration or braking working condition is avoided, and the reliability of the transmission is improved. The gear sleeve is provided with a sliding block ball socket tooth structure, compared with an existing gear sleeve, a free sliding groove and a limiting groove are additionally arranged, the functions of synchronization, free sliding, meshing and other stages of a synchronizer sliding block in the gear shifting synchronization process are increased, gear shifting clamping stagnation and the second-stage gear entering feeling are eliminated, and therefore gear shifting is smoother. And meanwhile, the unexpected out-of-gear problem is avoided, and the reliability of the transmission is improved. Compared with an existing gear hub and an existing outer spline, the gear hub part is additionally provided with a high tooth structure, the large-diameter fit clearance between the gear hub part and a gear sleeve is reduced, the deflection amount of a synchronizer assembly is effectively reduced, the gear hub part and the gear sleeve are assembled and meshed well, gear shifting is smooth, meanwhile, the rejection rate of the synchronizer assembly is reduced, and part manufacturing cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of automotive transmission shift synchronization mechanism, specifically relating to a high-efficiency and smooth shift synchronizer assembly. Background Technology

[0002] The shift synchronization mechanism of a manual transmission is a core component ensuring smooth and reliable shifting. It eliminates the speed difference between the synchronizer input end and the gear through the interaction of the friction cone surfaces of the synchronizer ring and the gear engagement ring, achieving synchronized meshing. However, commercial vehicles, light trucks, pickup trucks, and other medium-to-high load vehicles experience the following two problems during shifting:

[0003] I. Gear shifting sticking and secondary shock issues

[0004] Existing transmissions have poor shifting performance and are ill-suited for high-torque, high-inertia scenarios such as commercial vehicles. After the shift synchronization process is complete, due to the drag torque and shift ring torque, the synchronizer sleeve and gear engagement ring generate a new angular velocity difference Δw. During the engagement process, an impact phenomenon occurs, resulting in a feeling of sticking or two-stage shifting.

[0005] II. Unexpected gear slippage may occur during rapid acceleration or braking.

[0006] When the transmission is in gear, the gear pair is prone to slight relative displacement due to vibration of the transmission system or axial force disturbance. In existing transmissions, the synchronizer sleeve and the gear engagement teeth are splined together, and the spline tooth inverted cone structure design ensures that the splines of the two are always engaged. However, when the matching accuracy of the inverted cone contact surfaces of the two splines is insufficient, the meshing self-locking effect of the synchronizer sleeve and the gear is weakened, which may lead to unexpected disengagement under rapid acceleration or braking conditions, threatening driving safety. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the background art, this utility model provides a high-efficiency and smooth shift synchronizer assembly, which solves the problems of shifting jamming and secondary impact in vehicles with high torque and high inertia; at the same time, it avoids unexpected gear disengagement under rapid acceleration or braking conditions, thus improving the reliability of the transmission.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is:

[0009] A high-efficiency and smooth shift synchronizer assembly includes a gear sleeve, a gear hub, and multiple slider assemblies; the gear hub is slidably fitted into the gear sleeve, and a slider assembly is provided between the gear hub and the gear sleeve; the inner hole of the gear sleeve is provided with an internal spline, the internal spline including slider ball-and-socket teeth and gear sleeve shifting teeth; the gear hub base has an external spline, the external spline including high teeth and gear hub shifting teeth.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0011] This utility model's gear sleeve features a slider ball-and-socket tooth structure, which, compared to existing gear sleeves, adds a free-sliding groove and a limiting groove. This enhances the synchronizer slider's role in the synchronization, free-sliding, and engagement stages during gear shifting, eliminating shifting sticking and the feeling of second-stage gear engagement, thus making gear shifting smoother. Simultaneously, it avoids unexpected gear slippage, improving transmission reliability.

[0012] Compared with existing gear hubs, the gear hub part of this utility model has an added high tooth structure on the external spline, which reduces the clearance between the gear and the large diameter of the gear sleeve, effectively reduces the runout of the synchronizer assembly, has a good meshing effect with the gear sleeve, and smooth shifting. At the same time, it reduces the scrap rate of the synchronizer assembly and saves the manufacturing cost of the parts. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is the front view of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the toothed sleeve structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a front view of the toothed sleeve of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the toothed sleeve of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a front view of an existing technology gear sleeve;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of an existing technology gear sleeve;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the start of the synchronization process during the gear shifting synchronization stage of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the end of the synchronization process during the gear shifting synchronization stage of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the start of the synchronization process during the shifting synchronization phase of an existing gear sleeve.

[0023] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the end of the synchronization process during the shifting synchronization phase of an existing gear sleeve.

[0024] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the free-slip process during the gear shifting free-slip stage of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the free-slip process during the gear shifting free-slip stage of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the free-slip process during the shifting free-slip phase of an existing gear sleeve.

[0027] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the free-slip process during the shifting free-slip phase of an existing technology gear sleeve;

[0028] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the engagement state in the gear position of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing state of existing technology;

[0030] Figure 18 This is an isometric drawing of the gear hub of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 19 This is a front view of the gear hub of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 20 This is a front view of an existing technology gear hub;

[0033] Among them: 1. Gear sleeve; 11. Slider ball socket tooth; 111. Synchronization groove; 112. Free sliding groove; 113. Limiting groove; 12. Gear sleeve shifting tooth; 2. Gear hub; 21. High tooth; 22. Gear hub shifting tooth; 3. Slider assembly; 31. Steel ball; 32. External spline. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this utility model, a more detailed description of this utility model will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this utility model provides a high-efficiency and smooth shift synchronizer assembly, including a gear sleeve 1, a gear hub 2, and multiple slider assemblies 3; the gear hub 2 is slidably fitted into the gear sleeve 1, and a slider assembly 3 is provided between the gear hub 2 and the gear sleeve 1; the inner hole of the gear sleeve 1 is provided with an internal spline, the internal spline including slider ball-and-socket teeth 11 and gear sleeve shifting teeth 12; the base of the gear hub 2 has an external spline, the external spline including high teeth 21 and gear hub shifting teeth 22. The slider assembly 3 includes an external spline 32, a steel ball 31, and a spring; the steel ball 31 and the spring are disposed in the central cavity of the external spline 32, and the steel ball 31 is connected to the external spline 32 through the spring.

[0036] like Figures 3-7As shown, the spline structure inside the gear sleeve 1 is provided with a slider ball-and-socket tooth 11. The slider ball-and-socket tooth 11 is evenly distributed at three locations along the circumference of the gear sleeve 1, one at each location, and the rest are gear sleeve shifting teeth 12. The middle part of the slider ball-and-socket tooth 11 is provided with a synchronization groove 111, the left and right sides of the synchronization groove 111 are provided with free sliding grooves 112, and the two ends of the slider ball-and-socket tooth 11 are provided with limiting grooves 113. In the initial state, the steel ball 31 of the slider assembly 3 is installed in the synchronization groove 111 of the gear sleeve. During the shifting process, it moves with the gear sleeve 1 and successively engages with the free sliding groove 112 and the limiting groove 113 of the gear sleeve.

[0037] The toothed sleeve 1 engages with the external spline 32 of the slider assembly 3 via the slider ball-and-socket tooth 11. The slider ball-and-socket tooth 11 has no tapered or locking angle structures at both ends, which improves the reliability of the spline teeth and avoids spline tooth breakage.

[0038] During the shifting synchronization phase, the external gear ring moves from the initial neutral position to the synchronous ring locking surface, such as... Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the steel ball 31 of the slider assembly 3 of this utility model cooperates with the synchronous groove 111 of the toothed sleeve. During this stage, the slider's working distance is L1, and the slider's force is F1. Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, in the prior art gear sleeve shifting synchronization stage, the slider action distance L1 and the slider action force F1'; in the gear sleeve shifting synchronization stage of this utility model, the slider action force F1>F1', therefore, the gear sleeve synchronization groove of this utility model acts on the slider, so that it provides a large axial force to the synchronization ring, which can make the synchronization ring quickly contact the gear cone surface, avoiding the problem of the outer gear ring passing through quickly and forcefully during rapid gear shifting, causing the synchronization ring locking function to fail and resulting in tooth knocking.

[0039] After the gear shift synchronization is completed, the external gear ring enters the free-slip phase. The external gear ring travels through the locking surface of the synchronizing ring to the point before the gear teeth contact, such as... Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, as the external gear ring moves a distance L2, the slider engages with the free sliding groove 112 of the gear sleeve. At this time, the slider compression height S1 gradually decreases to S2, exerting no axial force on the synchronizer ring, eliminating the synchronizer ring's blocking sensation, and improving shifting smoothness and comfort. As the external gear ring continues to move a distance L3, the inclined surface of the free sliding groove 112 of the gear sleeve compresses the slider to S1, providing axial force to the synchronizer ring, eliminating the new angular velocity difference Δw generated during this stage between the gear sleeve and the gear engagement gear ring, eliminating shifting sticking and the feeling of second-stage gear engagement, thus making shifting smoother. Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown, in the existing technology, during the free sliding stage of the gear sleeve, the slider exerts no axial force on the synchronizing ring.

[0040] When the external gear ring is in the stop position, it meshes with the spline teeth of the gear, such as... Figure 16 , Figure 17As shown, in this utility model, the steel ball 31 of the slider assembly 3 is located in the tooth sleeve limiting groove 113. When the outer tooth sleeve moves in the retraction direction, the limiting groove 113 compresses the steel ball 31 of the slider assembly, causing the slider assembly 3 to generate axial force during this meshing stage, thus preventing the outer tooth sleeve from moving. Existing technology sliders do not exert axial force. This utility model tooth sleeve can prevent the tooth sleeve from moving in the retraction direction when the gear pair is prone to slight relative displacement due to transmission system vibration or axial force disturbance under rapid acceleration or braking conditions, thus solving the problem of unexpected gear disengagement.

[0041] like Figures 18-20 As shown, the external spline structure of the gear hub 2 of this utility model has high teeth 21, which are evenly distributed at three locations along the circumference of the gear hub 2. The rest are gear hub shifting teeth 22. Each high tooth 21 mates with a corresponding gear sleeve shifting tooth 12. The major diameter D1 of the external spline of each high tooth 21 is larger than the major diameter D2 of the external spline of the gear hub shifting tooth 22. This reduces the major diameter clearance between the high tooth 21 and the gear sleeve shifting tooth 12, effectively reducing the runout of the synchronizer assembly, improving the meshing effect with the gear sleeve, and ensuring smooth shifting. At the same time, it reduces the scrap rate of the synchronizer assembly and saves on parts manufacturing costs.

[0042] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and smooth shift synchronizer assembly, characterized in that: It includes a gear sleeve (1), a gear hub (2) and multiple slider assemblies (3); the gear hub (2) is slidably fitted into the gear sleeve (1), and a slider assembly (3) is provided between the gear hub (2) and the gear sleeve (1); the inner hole of the gear sleeve (1) is provided with an internal spline, the internal spline including a slider ball socket tooth (11) and a gear sleeve shifting tooth (12); the base of the gear hub (2) has an external spline, the external spline including a high tooth (21) and a gear hub shifting tooth (22).

2. The high-efficiency and smooth shift synchronizer assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Slider ball-and-socket teeth (11) are evenly distributed at three points along the circumference of the sleeve (1). The middle part of the slider ball-and-socket teeth (11) is set as a synchronization groove (111), the left and right sides of the synchronization groove (111) are set as free sliding grooves (112), and the two ends of the slider ball-and-socket teeth (111) are set as limiting grooves (113). In the initial state, the steel ball (31) of the slider assembly (3) is installed in the synchronization groove (111) of the sleeve. During the shifting process, it moves with the sleeve (1) and cooperates with the free sliding groove (112) and the limiting groove (113) of the sleeve in sequence.

3. A high-efficiency and smooth shift synchronizer assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The toothed sleeve (1) is engaged with the external spline (32) of the slider assembly (3) via the slider ball socket tooth (11).

4. The high-efficiency and smooth shift synchronizer assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: High teeth (21) are evenly distributed at three locations along the circumference of the tooth hub (2), and each high tooth (21) is engaged with the corresponding gear sleeve shifting tooth (12).

5. The efficient and smooth shift synchronizer assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The major diameter D1 of the external spline of each of the high teeth (21) is greater than the major diameter D2 of the external spline of the gear hub shifting tooth (22).

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