Deep soil bulk density measuring device

Abstract

The deep soil bulk density measuring device comprises a well digging device and a soil taking device, the soil taking device is installed on a drill rod of the well digging device, the soil taking device is composed of a drill bit, a cutting ring and a pressure sensor, the drill bit is in a barrel shape, an opening of the drill bit faces downwards, the upper end of the drill bit is connected with the drill rod, and the lower end of the drill bit is connected with the cutting ring. A pressure sensor is installed in the center of the bottom of the barrel, and a cutting ring is installed below the pressure sensor in a pressing mode. According to the utility model, the characteristic that a well digging machine can collect deep soil and the characteristic that a cutting ring method is simple and operable are combined, and the deep soil is collected through the cutting ring, so that the purpose of accurately measuring the bulk density of the deep soil is achieved, and the device has certain positive significance on research in related fields such as soil physicochemical property analysis, civil engineering and soil carbon sink.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a device for measuring the bulk density of deep soil, specifically a device for measuring the bulk density of deep soil, which provides technical support for fields such as soil research, civil engineering, and soil carbon sequestration. Background Technology

[0002] Soil bulk density is one of the most fundamental physical and chemical properties of soil, also known as soil pseudo-specific gravity or soil dry density. It refers to the dry weight of a unit volume of undisturbed soil (including soil pore volume), and is generally measured using... It indicates that the unit is g / m 3 or t / m 3 Bulk density, as an important physical and chemical property of soil, affects many aspects of soil. It can directly reflect the soil's compaction and structure, and has a certain impact on soil permeability and infiltration performance, and is closely related to soil quality. When the bulk density is high, the soil is more compacted, with fewer pores and poor permeability; conversely, when the bulk density is low, the soil is looser, with more pores and better permeability, which in turn affects multiple properties such as soil tilth.

[0003] Soil bulk density is influenced by various factors, such as soil texture, structure, organic matter content, and human activities. It also varies significantly at different depths. Generally, topsoil has a lower bulk density, which increases with depth. The bulk density of sedimentary layers is greater than that of topsoil, subsoil, and subsoil. Furthermore, soil bulk density can be used to calculate soil porosity, earthwork volume in engineering projects, and other necessary data. Therefore, soil bulk density is of great significance in many fields, including soil science, agriculture, civil engineering, and soil and water conservation.

[0004] Currently, soil bulk density determination has a relatively complete methodological system, with commonly used methods including the ring sampler method, immersion method, and instrumental method. However, for deep soils, especially those deeper than 5m, traditional methods include estimation or digging a deep pit and then using the ring sampler method for measurement. However, estimation has a large margin of error, and digging a deep pit is cumbersome, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and will damage the original land over a large area. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the problems and defects in the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a device for measuring the bulk density of deep soil. Based on the ring cutter method, the device innovatively designs the method of collecting undisturbed soil, so as to achieve accurate measurement of the bulk density of deep soil.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned utility model objective is: a deep soil bulk density measuring device, including a well drilling device and a soil sampling device. The soil sampling device is installed on the drill rod of the well drilling device. The soil sampling device consists of a drill bit, a ring cutter, and a pressure sensor. The drill bit is barrel-shaped with its opening facing downwards. Its upper end is connected to the drill rod. A pressure sensor is installed in the center of the bottom of the barrel. A ring cutter is pressed and installed below the pressure sensor.

[0007] The ring cutter is fixed to the center of the drill bit by a first flat-tail screw, a second flat-tail screw, a third flat-tail screw, and a fourth flat-tail screw.

[0008] The drill bit has an operating chamber located at the position of the pressure sensor.

[0009] The well-drilling device consists of drill pipe, winch, derrick, and wire rope.

[0010] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0011] 1) Taking advantage of the ability of well drilling equipment to extract deep soil layers, a device for measuring the bulk density of deep soil layers was innovatively designed by combining the ring cutter method;

[0012] 2) This device has a ring cutter installed on the upper part of the drill bit, which simplifies the sampling process for deep soil bulk density.

[0013] 3) Under the impact of the drill rod, the drill bit continuously penetrates deeper into the soil. The pressure sensor can monitor the depth of the drill bit in real time and determine whether the soil is compacted, so as to measure more accurate bulk density data. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a front view of the drill bit of the deep soil bulk density measuring device of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a side view of the drill bit of the deep soil bulk density measuring device of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of the drill bit of the deep soil bulk density measuring device of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-section of a deep soil bulk density measuring device according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a deep soil bulk density measuring device according to the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Drill bit, 2-Ring cutter, 3-Second flat-tail screw, 4-Second flat-tail screw, 5-Third flat-tail screw, 6-Fourth flat-tail screw, 7-Operator's cab, 8-Pressure sensor, 9-Drill rod, 10-Winder. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0021] See Figures 1 to 5 A device for measuring the bulk density of deep soil includes a well drilling device and a soil sampling device. The soil sampling device is installed on the drill rod of the well drilling device. The soil sampling device consists of a drill bit 1, a ring cutter 2, and a pressure sensor 8. The drill bit 1 is barrel-shaped with its opening facing downwards. Its upper end is connected to the drill rod. The pressure sensor 8 is installed in the center of the bottom of the barrel. The ring cutter 2 is pressed and installed under the pressure sensor 8.

[0022] The ring cutter 2 is fixed to the center of the drill bit 1 by the first flat-tail screw 3, the second flat-tail screw 4, the third flat-tail screw 5, and the fourth flat-tail screw 6.

[0023] The drill bit 1 has an operating chamber 7 located at the position of the pressure sensor 8.

[0024] The well-drilling device consists of drill rod 9, winch 10, derrick, and wire rope.

[0025] This utility model discloses a deep soil bulk density measuring device, the main body of which is a well drilling rig. The well drilling rig includes a drill bit 1, a drill rod 9, a winch 10, and other components. The drill bit 1 has been improved and innovated, as detailed below. Figure 1 As shown. A pressure sensor 8 is installed on the top of the drill bit 1 to facilitate identification of whether the soil is completely filled during soil sampling; a flat-tail screw is installed around the upper part of the drill bit 1 in four directions to fix the ring cutter 2, which facilitates subsequent bulk density sampling.

[0026] This invention relates to a deep soil bulk density measuring device. Based on the ring cutter method, it combines a well-drilling rig with an improved drill bit to achieve sampling and measurement of deep soil. After obtaining deep soil using the innovative and improved drill bit, the soil bulk density is calculated using the traditional bulk density calculation method, as shown in the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula: Soil bulk density, unit: g / m³ 3 m1 is the weight of the cutter ring (g); m2 is the weight of the cutter ring plus dry soil (g); V is the volume of the cutter ring (m³). 3 .

[0029] This device utilizes an improved and innovative design to combine a well-drilling rig drill bit with a ring cutter to extract deep, undisturbed soil. The specific operating steps using this device are as follows:

[0030] 1) Measure the weight and volume of the ring cutter to obtain the weight m1 and volume V of the ring cutter. Then, place the ring cutter 2 on the top of the drill bit 1 through the operating chamber 7 and tighten the flat-tail screws around the ring cutter to fix it.

[0031] 2) Assemble drill bit 1 and drill rod 9 together to form a whole;

[0032] 3) Use the winch 10 of the mechanical drilling rig to tighten the wire rope connected to the drill rod 9, so as to lift the drill rod 9 (the drill bit 1 is always close to the ground) to a certain height, and then loosen the winch wire rope, so that the drill rod 9 falls naturally by gravity, thereby driving the drill bit into the soil.

[0033] 4) Repeat step 3) multiple times to make the drill bit 1 drill into the soil under the gravity impact of the drill rod 9. When the pressure sensor 7 senses the pressure, the drill bit 1 and the ring cutter 2 are fully loaded.

[0034] 5) After soil sampling is completed, use a winch to lift drill rod 9 and drill bit 1;

[0035] 6) Separate drill bit 1 from drill rod 9, and loosen or tighten the flat-tail screw to remove the upper ring cutter 2 of drill bit 1;

[0036] 7) After leveling the soil inside the ring cutter 2, place it in an oven to dry. Set the oven to 105°-110° and dry for 24 hours. After drying, weigh (ring cutter + dry soil) to obtain m2.

[0037] 8) Calculate the soil bulk density;

[0038] 9) Repeat the above steps at the same location to measure the soil bulk density at different depths. You can also change the length of the drill bit according to the required group spacing to obtain soil at different depth ranges.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the bulk density of deep soil, comprising a well-drilling device and a soil sampling device, wherein the soil sampling device is mounted on the drill rod of the well-drilling device, characterized in that, The soil sampling device consists of a drill bit (1), a ring cutter (2), and a pressure sensor (8). The drill bit (1) is barrel-shaped with its opening facing downwards. Its upper end is connected to the drill rod. A pressure sensor (8) is installed in the center of the bottom of the barrel. A ring cutter (2) is pressed and installed under the pressure sensor (8).

2. The deep soil bulk density measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring cutter (2) is fixed to the center of the drill bit (1) by the first flat-tail screw (3), the second flat-tail screw (4), the third flat-tail screw (5), and the fourth flat-tail screw (6).

3. The deep soil bulk density measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit (1) is located at the position of the pressure sensor (8) and has an operating chamber (7).

4. The deep soil bulk density measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The well drilling device consists of a drill rod (9), a winch (10), a derrick, and a wire rope.

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