Oxygen sensor and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oxygen sensor and a vehicle, and belongs to the field of oxygen sensors. The oxygen sensor includes: a first electrolyte layer and a second electrolyte layer; the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are stacked along a first direction, a first electrode and a second electrode are arranged between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer, and the first electrode and the second electrode are distributed at an interval along the first direction; one of the first electrode and the second electrode comprises a first electrode head part and an electrode lead, the other one comprises a second electrode head part, and the first electrode head part is conducted with the second electrode head part. In the embodiment of the invention, the first electrode head part and the second electrode head part are conducted, so that on the premise of ensuring that the first electrode and the second electrode share the same electrode pin, a printing material for printing an electrode lead can be saved, the process of producing an oxidation sensor can be simplified, and the production efficiency of producing the oxygen sensor is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of oxygen sensors, specifically relating to an oxygen sensor and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, vehicles have become a frequently used means of transportation for people's daily travel. Typically, an oxygen sensor is installed in a vehicle to measure whether there is excess oxygen in the exhaust gas after combustion in the engine, i.e., the oxygen content. This oxygen content is converted into a voltage signal and transmitted to the vehicle's control system, enabling the engine to achieve closed-loop control with the excess air coefficient as the target.

[0003] In related technologies, oxygen sensors include a first electrode and a second electrode, which share the same electrode pin. Both the first and second electrodes include a head and a lead wire, with the lead wire connected to the head. The lead wire of the first electrode is electrically connected to the electrode pin, and the lead wire of the second electrode is also electrically connected to the same electrode pin, thus allowing the first and second electrodes to share the same electrode pin. However, this related technology leads to material waste in the first and second electrodes and makes the oxygen sensor manufacturing process cumbersome and inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an oxygen sensor and vehicle that at least solves the problems of wasting materials on the first and second electrodes and making the oxygen sensor production process cumbersome and with low production efficiency.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an oxygen sensor, the oxygen sensor comprising: a first electrolyte layer and a second electrolyte layer;

[0006] The first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are stacked along a first direction, and a first electrode and a second electrode are disposed between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer, with the first electrode and the second electrode being spaced apart along the first direction.

[0007] One of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a first electrode head and an electrode lead, and the other includes a second electrode head, wherein the first electrode head and the second electrode head are in communication.

[0008] Optionally, the first electrolyte layer has a first surface facing the second electrolyte layer, the second electrolyte layer has a second surface facing the first electrolyte layer, and one of the first surface and the second surface is printed with a porous diffusion barrier that avoids the first electrode head and the second electrode head.

[0009] Optionally, the porous diffusion barrier includes a first diffusion barrier and a second diffusion barrier, wherein the first diffusion barrier and the second diffusion barrier are distributed at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction intersects the first direction;

[0010] Both the first electrode head and the second electrode head are located between the first diffusion barrier and the second diffusion barrier.

[0011] Optionally, the first electrode head is electrically connected to the second electrode head to enable the first electrode head to conduct with the second electrode head.

[0012] Optionally, the first electrode head and the second electrode head are electrically connected through a first conductive element, or a portion of the first electrode head abuts against and is connected to a portion of the second electrode head, so that the first electrode head and the second electrode head are in communication.

[0013] Optionally, the oxygen sensor further includes a filling matrix layer and a porous diffusion barrier;

[0014] The filling substrate layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the filling substrate layer is provided with mounting holes, and the porous diffusion barrier is embedded in the mounting holes.

[0015] Optionally, a through hole is provided on the filler substrate layer, and a second conductive element is provided in the through hole. The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected through the second conductive element so that the head of the first electrode and the head of the second electrode are in communication.

[0016] Optionally, the materials of the second conductive element, the first electrode head, and the second electrode head are the same, and the second conductive element, the first electrode head, and the second electrode head are an integral structure.

[0017] Optionally, both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are monolithic structures, and both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer include zirconium oxide.

[0018] Optionally, the oxygen sensor further includes a protective layer disposed on the side of the first electrolyte layer opposite to the second electrolyte layer;

[0019] The projection of the first electrode head in the first direction is located inside the projection of the protective layer in the first direction.

[0020] Optionally, the oxygen sensor further includes a heating unit located on the side of the second electrolyte layer opposite to the first electrolyte layer;

[0021] The heating unit includes a first substrate layer, a heater layer, a second substrate layer, and heating pins; the first substrate layer, the heater layer, and the second substrate layer are stacked, with the first substrate layer close to the second electrolyte layer, and the heating pins are located on the side of the second substrate layer away from the heater layer, and the heating pins are electrically connected to the heater layer.

[0022] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle, the vehicle including a vehicle body and the oxygen sensor described in any one of the first aspects above;

[0023] The oxygen sensor is mounted on the vehicle body.

[0024] In this embodiment, since a first electrode and a second electrode are disposed between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer, and the first electrode and the second electrode are spaced apart along a first direction, the first electrode can be connected to the first electrolyte layer, and the second electrolyte layer can be connected to the second electrode. Therefore, once the oxygen sensor is applied in a vehicle, the first electrode and the second electrode can detect the exhaust gas entering the area between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer, allowing the oxygen sensor to operate effectively. Since one of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a first electrode head and electrode leads, and the other includes a second electrode head, when manufacturing the oxygen sensor (i.e., when printing the first and second electrodes), the electrode head and electrode leads can be printed on one of the first and second electrodes, while only the electrode head is printed on the other. This saves printing material and reduces the number of electrode leads, simplifying the oxygen sensor manufacturing process and improving production efficiency. Furthermore, the first electrode head and the second electrode head are electrically connected, so that in practical applications, once the electrode lead is electrically connected to the electrode pin, both the first electrode head and the second electrode head can be electrically connected to the electrode pin, allowing the first and second electrodes to share the same electrode pin. That is, in this embodiment, by setting one of the first and second electrodes to include a first electrode head and an electrode lead, and the other to include a second electrode head, with the first and second electrode heads being electrically connected, printing material for the electrode lead can be saved while ensuring that the first and second electrodes share the same electrode pin. This simplifies the production process of the oxidation sensor and improves the production efficiency of the oxygen sensor. Moreover, the electrical connection between the first and second electrode heads is equivalent to saving one electrode lead, reducing costs, making the oxygen sensor more sensitive, reducing lamination differences in the oxygen sensor, and improving the internal stress of the oxygen sensor.

[0025] In addition, the oxygen sensor in other embodiments of this application has the following advantages: (1) One of the first surface and the second surface is printed with a porous diffusion barrier. The porous diffusion barrier avoids the first electrode head and the second electrode head. When processing the oxygen sensor, it is equivalent to printing the porous diffusion barrier directly on the first electrolyte layer or the second electrolyte layer, thereby avoiding the use of a filling substrate layer and avoiding punching holes in the filling substrate layer. The porous diffusion barrier is embedded in the punching hole in the filling substrate layer, which is equivalent to saving a punching process, simplifying the processing technology of the oxygen sensor, improving the production efficiency of oxygen sensor production, and saving the filling substrate layer, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of oxygen sensor. This is beneficial for the large-scale production of oxygen sensors; (2) Both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are integral structures, and both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer include zirconium oxide, which is equivalent to the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer being formed by integral zirconium oxide, thereby reducing the internal stress of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer, and thus making the first electrolyte layer or the second electrolyte layer more tightly bonded to the printed porous diffusion barrier, which helps to reduce cracking and warping caused by problems such as inconsistent sintering shrinkage rate and thermal expansion coefficient, and is also beneficial to improving the overall strength of the oxygen sensor, thereby improving the long-term stability and reliability of the oxygen sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a second partial schematic diagram of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 10: First electrolyte layer; 101: First surface; 20: Second electrolyte layer; 201: Second surface; 30: Porous diffusion barrier; 31: First diffusion barrier; 32: Second diffusion barrier; 40: Gas chamber; 50: Heating unit; 51: First substrate layer; 52: Heater layer; 53: Second substrate layer; 54: Heating pin; 60: Protective layer; 70: Mounting layer; 80: First electrode; 90: Second electrode; 81: First electrode head; 82: Lead wire; 91: Second electrode head; 100: Third electrode; 110: Fourth electrode; 120: Filled substrate layer; 121: Mounting hole; 122: Through hole; 001: Electrode pin; X: First direction; Y: Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 An exploded view of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown; refer to Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown; refer to Figure 3 This illustration shows one of the partial schematic diagrams of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application; see reference to Figure 4 This shows a second partial schematic diagram of the oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the oxygen sensor includes a first electrolyte layer 10 and a second electrolyte layer 20.

[0036] The first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 are stacked along the first direction X. A first electrode 80 and a second electrode 90 are disposed between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20. The first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 are spaced apart along the first direction X. One of the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 includes a first electrode head 81 and an electrode lead 82, and the other includes a second electrode head 91. The first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 are connected.

[0037] In this embodiment, a first electrode 80 and a second electrode 90 are disposed between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, and the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 are spaced apart along the first direction X. Therefore, the first electrode 80 can be connected to the first electrolyte layer 10, and the second electrolyte layer 20 can be connected to the second electrode 90. Thus, once the oxygen sensor is applied in a vehicle, the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 can detect the exhaust gas entering the space between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, enabling the oxygen sensor to operate effectively. Since one of the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 includes a first electrode head 81 and an electrode lead 82, and the other includes a second electrode head 91, when manufacturing the oxygen sensor, i.e., when the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 need to be printed, the electrode head and electrode lead 82 can be printed on one of the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90, while only the electrode head is printed on the other. This saves printing material for the electrodes and reduces the number of electrode leads 82, simplifying the oxygen sensor manufacturing process and improving the production efficiency of the oxygen sensor. Furthermore, the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 are electrically connected. Therefore, in practical applications, once the electrode lead 82 is electrically connected to the electrode pin 001, both the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 can be electrically connected to the electrode pin 001, allowing the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 to share the same electrode pin 001. That is, in this embodiment, by configuring one of the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 to include the first electrode head 81 and the electrode lead 82, and the other to include the second electrode head 91, with the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 being electrically connected, the printing material for the electrode lead 82 can be saved while ensuring that the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 share the same electrode pin 001. This simplifies the production process of the oxidation sensor and improves the production efficiency of the oxygen sensor.

[0038] In addition, the first electrode 80 head is connected to the second electrode 90 head, which is equivalent to saving one electrode lead 82, reducing costs, making the oxygen sensor more sensitive, reducing the stacking difference in the oxygen sensor, and improving the internal stress of the oxygen sensor.

[0039] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the first electrolyte layer 10 may have a first surface 101 facing the second electrolyte layer 20, the second electrolyte layer 20 may have a second surface 201 facing the first electrolyte layer 10, the first electrode 80 may be disposed on the first surface 101, and the second electrode 90 may be disposed on the second surface 201, that is, the first electrode 80 is printed on the first surface 101, and the second electrode 90 is printed on the second surface 201.

[0040] In addition, in this embodiment, the first electrode 80 may include a first electrode head 81 and an electrode lead 82, and the second electrode 90 may include a second electrode head 91. In this case, the electrode head of the first electrode 80 is connected to the electrode head of the second electrode 90. When printing the second electrode 90, only the electrode head of the second electrode 90 can be printed, which is equivalent to saving the electrode lead 82 of the second electrode 90. Of course, the second electrode 90 may also include the first electrode head 81 and the electrode lead 82, and the first electrode 80 may include the second electrode head 91. In this case, the electrode head of the first electrode 80 is connected to the electrode head of the second electrode 90. When printing the first electrode 80, only the electrode head of the first electrode 80 can be printed, which is equivalent to saving the electrode lead 82 of the first electrode 80. Wherein, the first electrode 80 can be the pump internal electrode of the oxygen sensor, and the second electrode 90 can be the sensing external electrode of the oxygen sensor. In this case, if the first electrode 80 only includes the second electrode head 91, it is equivalent to saving the electrode lead 82 of the pump internal electrode; if the second electrode 90 only includes the second electrode head 91, it is equivalent to saving the electrode lead 82 of the sensing external electrode.

[0041] Additionally, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first electrolyte layer 10 has a first surface 101 facing the second electrolyte layer 20, and the second electrolyte layer 20 has a second surface 201 facing the first electrolyte layer 10. One of the first surface 101 and the second surface 201 is printed with a porous diffusion barrier 30, which avoids the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91.

[0042] Since one of the first surface 101 and the second surface 201 is printed with a porous diffusion barrier 30, the processing of the oxygen sensor is equivalent to directly printing the porous diffusion barrier 30 on the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20. This simplifies the processing and avoids the use of the filler substrate layer 120, effectively reducing the cost of the oxygen sensor. Specifically, by printing the porous diffusion barrier 30 on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the use of the filler substrate layer 120 can be avoided, as can punching holes in the filler substrate layer 120. The porous diffusion barrier 30 is embedded in the punched holes in the filler substrate layer 120, effectively eliminating a punching process. This simplifies the oxygen sensor processing, improves production efficiency, and saves on the filler substrate layer 120, reducing manufacturing costs and facilitating large-scale production of oxygen sensors. In addition, the porous diffusion barrier 30 avoids the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91, so that once the oxygen sensor is installed in the vehicle, the porous diffusion barrier 30 comes into contact with the vehicle's exhaust gas, and the vehicle's exhaust gas can be transmitted to the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 through the porous diffusion barrier 30, so that the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 can detect the exhaust gas.

[0043] In addition, in this embodiment of the application, one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 is printed with a gas chamber 40, and the gas chamber 40 is connected to the porous diffusion barrier 30. The gas chamber 40 is a carbon-based structure, and the carbon-based structure is volatile when heated.

[0044] Since the gas chamber 40 is printed on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, it is possible to avoid the complex punching process of forming the gas chamber 40 by first punching holes and then laminating in the filling substrate layer 120, thus simplifying the oxygen sensor manufacturing process. Furthermore, the gas chamber 40 is connected to the porous diffusion barrier 30, ensuring that after the porous diffusion barrier 30 comes into contact with the vehicle's exhaust gas, the exhaust gas can pass through the porous diffusion barrier 30 and enter the gas chamber 40. The gas chamber 40 has a carbon-based structure, and the carbon-based structure is volatile when heated. Therefore, during the production of the oxygen sensor, once the gas chamber 40 is printed on the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20, the carbon-based structure will volatilize after the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20 is heated. This is equivalent to the gas chamber 40 volatilizing, which releases the space occupied by the gas chamber 40. This means that the space where the gas chamber 40 is located becomes a space that can contain gas, allowing the exhaust gas passing through the porous diffusion barrier 30 to enter this space for testing. The first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 can be located in the space where the gas chamber 40 is located, so that the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 can detect the exhaust gas entering the gas chamber 40.

[0045] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the gas chamber 40 can be located on the same component as the porous diffusion barrier 30. That is, when the porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on the first electrolyte layer 10, the gas chamber 40 is also printed on the first electrolyte layer 10; when the porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on the second electrolyte layer 20, the gas chamber 40 is also printed on the second electrolyte layer 20. Specifically, if the porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on the first surface 101 of the first electrolyte layer 10, then the gas chamber 40 is also printed on the first surface 101 of the first electrolyte layer 10; if the porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on the second surface 201 of the second electrolyte layer 20, then the gas chamber 40 is also printed on the second surface 201 of the second electrolyte layer 20.

[0046] Additionally, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the porous diffusion barrier 30 may include a first diffusion barrier 31 and a second diffusion barrier 32. The first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32 are distributed at intervals along the second direction Y, and the second direction Y intersects the first direction X. The first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 are both located between the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32.

[0047] Since the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32 are distributed at intervals along the second direction Y, and the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 are both located between the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32, in practical applications, the first diffusion barrier 31 can extend to the side of the oxygen sensor, that is, the side of the first diffusion barrier 31 is flush with the side of the first electrolyte layer 10, and the second diffusion barrier 32 can extend to the other side of the oxygen sensor, that is, the side of the second diffusion barrier 32 is flush with the other side of the first electrolyte layer 10. This allows the first diffusion barrier 31 to contact the vehicle's exhaust gas, and the second diffusion barrier 32 to contact the vehicle's exhaust gas. In turn, the vehicle's exhaust gas can contact the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 through the first diffusion barrier 31, and the vehicle's exhaust gas can contact the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 through the second diffusion barrier 32, which is beneficial for the vehicle's exhaust gas to be detected by the oxygen sensor.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first electrode head 81 is electrically connected to the second electrode head 91 to enable conduction between them. This arrangement facilitates signal transmission between the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 and enables conduction between them.

[0049] In addition, in some embodiments, the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 are electrically connected through a first conductive element, or a portion of the first electrode head 81 and a portion of the second electrode head 91 abut and are connected to each other, so that the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 are connected.

[0050] One end of the first conductive element can be electrically connected to the first electrode head 81, and the other end of the first conductive element is electrically connected to the second electrode head 91, so that the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 are electrically connected through the first conductive element, so that the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 are conductive, thereby allowing the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 to share the same electrode pin 001.

[0051] In addition, the fact that part of the first electrode head 81 abuts and connects with part of the second electrode head 91 can also make the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 conduct, so that the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 can share the same electrode pin 001.

[0052] It should be noted that the first conductive element can be a conductive rod, but it can also be of other types, such as a conductive block. The specific type of the first conductive element is not limited in this embodiment. Furthermore, the material of the first conductive element can be metal, but it can also be other conductive materials, such as platinum paste or an alloy paste of platinum and other metals, such as a platinum-rhodium alloy paste. The specific material of the first conductive element is not limited in this embodiment; it is only required that the first conductive element is conductive.

[0053] Furthermore, when printing the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91, a portion of the first electrode head 81 can be printed thicker, thus increasing the thickness of a portion of the first electrode head 81. This thicker portion of the first electrode head 81 then contacts the second electrode head 91, achieving electrical conductivity between the two electrodes. Alternatively, when printing the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91, a portion of the second electrode head 91 can be printed thicker, thus increasing the thickness of a portion of the second electrode head 91. This thicker portion of the second electrode head 91 then contacts the first electrode head 81, achieving electrical conductivity between the two electrodes. Alternatively, when printing the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91, a portion of the second electrode head 91 can be printed thicker, while a portion of the first electrode head 81 can also be printed thicker, thus increasing the thickness of a portion of the second electrode head 91. This results in a thicker portion of the first electrode head 81, and the thicker portion of the second electrode head 91 contacts the thicker portion of the first electrode head 81, achieving electrical conductivity between the two electrodes.

[0054] Additionally, in some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the oxygen sensor may further include a filling substrate layer 120 and a porous diffusion barrier 30; the filling substrate layer 120 is located between the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90, and a mounting hole 121 is provided on the filling substrate layer 120, and the porous diffusion barrier 30 is embedded in the mounting hole 121.

[0055] Since the filler substrate layer 120 is located between the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90, and the filler substrate layer 120 is provided with mounting holes 121, with the porous diffusion barrier 30 embedded in the mounting holes 121, once the oxygen sensor is installed in the vehicle, the porous diffusion barrier 30 comes into contact with the vehicle's exhaust gas. Thus, the vehicle's exhaust gas can be transmitted through the porous diffusion barrier 30 to the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91, enabling the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 to detect the exhaust gas. In other words, by providing the filler substrate layer 120 and the porous diffusion barrier 30, it is convenient for the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 to detect the vehicle's exhaust gas.

[0056] It should be noted that, in the first direction X, the first electrode head 81 is opposite to the porous diffusion barrier 30, and the second electrode head 91 is opposite to the porous diffusion barrier 30.

[0057] In addition, in some embodiments, a through hole 122 is provided on the filler substrate layer 120, and a second conductive element is provided in the through hole 122. The first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 are electrically connected through the second conductive element so that the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 are connected.

[0058] Because a second conductive element is provided in the through hole 122, one end of the second conductive element can be electrically connected or in contact with the first electrode head 81, and the other end of the second conductive element can be electrically connected or in contact with the second electrode head 91, thereby enabling the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 to conduct through the second conductive element. In other words, by providing a through hole 122 on the filler substrate layer 120 and providing a second conductive element in the through hole 122, it is convenient for the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 to conduct.

[0059] It should be noted that the second conductive element can be a conductive rod, but it can also be of other types. For example, the second conductive element can be a conductive layer. In this case, a conductive layer is provided on the wall of the through hole 122, and the conductive layer is made to contact the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91 respectively, so as to realize the conduction between the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91. The specific type of the second conductive element is not limited in this embodiment.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of vias 122 can be set according to actual needs. For example, the number of vias 122 may be 2, or even 3. This embodiment does not limit the specific number of vias 122.

[0061] In some embodiments, the materials of the second conductive element, the first electrode head 81, and the second electrode head 91 are the same, and they are integrally formed. With this configuration, during the production of the oxygen sensor, the first electrode head 81 can be formed using a slurry, which flows through the through-hole 122, then forms the second electrode head 91. Finally, the slurry is dried, resulting in the integral formation of the first electrode head 81, the second conductive element, and the second electrode head 91. This slurry simplifies the oxygen sensor production process and improves production efficiency. Furthermore, the first electrode head 81, the second conductive element, and the second electrode head 91 facilitate signal transmission between them, preventing potential loosening of connections that could affect signal transmission.

[0062] Of course, in the embodiments of this application, the materials of the second conductive element, the first electrode head 81, and the second electrode head 91 may also be different. That is, the material of the second conductive element is different from the material of the first electrode head 81, and the material of the second conductive element is different from the material of the second electrode head 91. In this case, when producing the oxygen sensor, the slurry forming the electrode can first form the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91, dry the first electrode head 81 and the second electrode head 91, and then let the slurry of the conductive element flow through the through hole 122, and then dry the slurry of the conductive element to form the second conductive element.

[0063] It should be noted that the material of the second conductive component may include, but is not limited to, platinum paste, or alloy paste of platinum and other metals, such as platinum-rhodium alloy paste.

[0064] In addition, in some embodiments, the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 are both monolithic structures, and both the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 include zirconium oxide.

[0065] Typically, different materials exhibit differences in shrinkage rates and coefficients of thermal expansion. In related technologies, the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 are formed from zirconium oxide and alumina, i.e., alumina is used as the matrix and zirconium oxide is embedded within it. This results in relatively high internal stress in the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20. However, in this embodiment, by setting both the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 to be integral layers, and by including zirconium oxide in both layers, it is equivalent to forming both layers of zirconium oxide. This reduces the internal stress in the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, thereby allowing for a tighter bond between the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20 and the printed porous diffusion barrier 30. This helps reduce cracking and warping caused by inconsistencies in sintering shrinkage rates and coefficients of thermal expansion, and also improves the overall strength of the oxygen sensor, thus enhancing its long-term stability and reliability.

[0066] In addition, by setting both the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 to be integral structures, and both the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 to include zirconium oxide, once the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 are set between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the positions of the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 can be adjusted to flexibly adjust the internal resistance of the oxygen sensor so that the internal resistance of the oxygen sensor meets the requirements.

[0067] In addition, in some embodiments, the oxygen sensor may also include a protective layer 60, which is disposed on the side of the first electrolyte layer 10 opposite to the second electrolyte layer 20; the projection of the first electrode head 81 in the first direction X is located inside the projection of the protective layer 60 in the first direction X.

[0068] With this configuration, the protective layer 60 can effectively protect the porous diffusion barrier 30 and the first electrolyte layer 10, thereby effectively extending the service life of the oxygen sensor.

[0069] It should be noted that when a first electrode 80 and a second electrode 90 are disposed between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 are opposite each other in the first direction X, and the projection of the first electrode 80 in the first direction X is located inside the projection of the protective layer 60 in the first direction X, and the projection of the second electrode 90 in the first direction X is located inside the projection of the protective layer 60 in the first direction X.

[0070] In addition, in some embodiments, the oxygen sensor further includes a mounting layer 70, which is located on the side of the first electrolyte layer 10 away from the second electrolyte layer 20. The mounting layer 70 is provided with an embedding hole, and the protective layer 60 is embedded in the embedding hole.

[0071] Because the mounting layer 70 has recessed holes, the protective layer 60 can be directly recessed into these holes during installation, thus facilitating its installation. In other words, the recessed holes on the mounting layer 70 facilitate the installation of the protective layer 60.

[0072] It should be noted that the embedding hole can extend to the side of the mounting layer 70, that is, the embedding hole can divide the mounting layer 70 into a first sub-layer and a second sub-layer. Of course, the embedding hole can also be located on the mounting layer 70, that is, the embedding hole is only opened on the mounting layer 70, and the mounting layer 70 is not divided.

[0073] In addition, in this embodiment, the oxygen sensor may further include a third electrode 100 and a fourth electrode 110. The third electrode 100 is located between the mounting layer 70 and the first electrolyte layer 10, and the fourth electrode 110 is located between the second electrolyte layer 20 and the heating unit 50. Three electrode pins 001 are provided on the side of the mounting layer 70 facing away from the first electrolyte layer 10. The third electrode 100 is electrically connected to one electrode pin 001, and the fourth electrode 110 is electrically connected to the other electrode pin 001. When a first electrode 80 and a second electrode 90 are disposed between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the head of the first electrode 80 is electrically connected to the head of the second electrode 90, and the second electrode 90 can be electrically connected to the last electrode pin 001 among the three electrode pins 001. That is, the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 share a single electrode pin 001.

[0074] Additionally, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the oxygen sensor may also include a heating unit 50, which is located on the side of the second electrolyte layer 20 away from the first electrolyte layer 10. The heating unit 50 includes a first substrate layer 51, a heater layer 52, a second substrate layer 53, and a heating pin 54. The first substrate layer 51, the heater layer 52, and the second substrate layer 53 are stacked, with the first substrate layer 51 close to the second electrolyte layer 20. The heating pin 54 is located on the side of the second substrate layer 53 away from the heater layer 52, and the heating pin 54 is electrically connected to the heater layer 52.

[0075] Since the heating unit 50 is located on the side of the second electrolyte layer 20 opposite to the first electrolyte layer 10, in practical applications, once the oxygen sensor is used in a vehicle, the heating unit 50 can ensure that the oxygen sensor can gradually reach its normal operating temperature after a cold start. That is, when the vehicle's engine starts, the temperature of the exhaust pipe is usually low and cannot reach the temperature required for the oxygen sensor to operate normally. At this time, the heating unit 50 will be energized to heat the oxygen sensor, causing it to heat up rapidly and enter normal operating condition. Furthermore, when the vehicle's engine starts, the heater heats the oxygen sensor, allowing it to quickly enter normal operating condition. This enables the oxygen sensor to quickly and accurately detect the vehicle's exhaust gases, allowing the vehicle's engine control unit to adjust the engine's air-fuel ratio in real time based on the relatively accurate detection data from the oxygen sensor, thereby reducing harmful gas emissions. In addition, the first substrate layer 51 is close to the second electrolyte layer 20, and the heating pin 54 is disposed on the side of the second substrate layer 53 away from the heater layer 52. The heating pin 54 is electrically connected to the heater layer 52, which facilitates the connection of the heating pin 54 to the power supply equipment in the vehicle. This allows the vehicle's power supply equipment to supply power to the heater layer 52 through the heating pin 54, causing the heater layer 52 to heat up quickly. As a result, the heater layer 52 can raise the temperature of the first substrate layer 51, and the first substrate layer 51 can raise the temperature of the second electrolyte layer 20 and the first electrolyte layer 10, thereby enabling the oxygen sensor to quickly reach its operating temperature.

[0076] It should be noted that the number of first substrate layers 51 can be set according to actual needs. For example, the number of first substrate layers 51 can be 3, or for another example, the number of first substrate layers 51 can be 4. The specific number of first substrate layers 51 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0077] In addition, in the embodiments of this application, both the first substrate layer 51 and the second substrate layer 53 can be formed of aluminum oxide.

[0078] This application provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and an oxygen sensor as described in any of the above embodiments; the oxygen sensor is mounted on the vehicle body.

[0079] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the oxygen sensor can be installed in the exhaust pipe of the vehicle body, and the oxygen sensor can be electrically connected to the vehicle body's controller, so that the controller can obtain the detection data of the oxygen sensor in real time, and thus the controller can effectively control the engine in the vehicle body based on the detection data of the oxygen sensor.

[0080] In addition, in the embodiments of this application, the types of vehicles include, but are not limited to, gasoline-powered vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0082] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An oxygen sensor, characterized in that, The oxygen sensor includes: a first electrolyte layer and a second electrolyte layer; The first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are stacked along a first direction, and a first electrode and a second electrode are disposed between the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer, with the first electrode and the second electrode being spaced apart along the first direction. One of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a first electrode head and an electrode lead, and the other includes a second electrode head, wherein the first electrode head and the second electrode head are in contact.

2. The oxygen sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrolyte layer has a first surface facing the second electrolyte layer, and the second electrolyte layer has a second surface facing the first electrolyte layer. One of the first surface and the second surface is printed with a porous diffusion barrier that avoids the first electrode head and the second electrode head.

3. The oxygen sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The porous diffusion barrier includes a first diffusion barrier and a second diffusion barrier, wherein the first diffusion barrier and the second diffusion barrier are distributed at intervals along a second direction, and the second direction intersects the first direction; Both the first electrode head and the second electrode head are located between the first diffusion barrier and the second diffusion barrier.

4. The oxygen sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first electrode head is electrically connected to the second electrode head so that the first electrode head and the second electrode head are in a conductive state.

5. The oxygen sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first electrode head and the second electrode head are electrically connected through a first conductive element, or a portion of the first electrode head abuts against and is connected to a portion of the second electrode head, so that the first electrode head and the second electrode head are connected.

6. The oxygen sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygen sensor also includes a filling matrix layer and a porous diffusion barrier; The filling substrate layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the filling substrate layer is provided with mounting holes, and the porous diffusion barrier is embedded in the mounting holes.

7. The oxygen sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The filler substrate layer is provided with a through hole, and a second conductive element is provided in the through hole. The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected through the second conductive element so that the head of the first electrode and the head of the second electrode are connected.

8. The oxygen sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second conductive element, the first electrode head, and the second electrode head are made of the same material, and the second conductive element, the first electrode head, and the second electrode head are an integral structure.

9. The oxygen sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are monolithic structures, and both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer include zirconium oxide.

10. The oxygen sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygen sensor also includes a protective layer, which is disposed on the side of the first electrolyte layer opposite to the second electrolyte layer; The projection of the first electrode head in the first direction is located inside the projection of the protective layer in the first direction.

11. The oxygen sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygen sensor also includes a heating unit located on the side of the second electrolyte layer opposite to the first electrolyte layer. The heating unit includes a first substrate layer, a heater layer, a second substrate layer, and heating pins; the first substrate layer, the heater layer, and the second substrate layer are stacked, with the first substrate layer close to the second electrolyte layer, and the heating pins are located on the side of the second substrate layer away from the heater layer, and the heating pins are electrically connected to the heater layer.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a vehicle body and an oxygen sensor as described in any one of claims 1-11; The oxygen sensor is mounted on the vehicle body.

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