Heat balance lead-acid storage battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat balance lead-acid storage battery, which comprises more than one battery monomers which are mutually connected in series, the battery monomers are separated by at least one partition plate, the battery monomers are packaged together by a shell, and the shell comprises a shell with an opening and a top cover matched with the opening of the shell; at least one cooling channel for a heat dissipation medium to flow in is distributed in each partition plate, each cooling channel is communicated to the outside of the shell, and a driving device which is communicated with the cooling channel and is used for driving the heat dissipation medium to flow is arranged on the shell or outside the shell. When the heat balance lead-acid storage battery disclosed by the utility model works, the heat dissipation medium in the cooling channel is driven by the driving device to circularly flow, and the heat inside each battery monomer is transferred to the cooling channel through the partition plate and then is brought out of the battery by the heat dissipation medium in the cooling channel, so that the heat balance between the inside and the outer surface of the lead-acid storage battery is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a thermal balance lead-acid battery. Background Technology

[0002] Lead-acid batteries have a 200-year history, and technology has continuously advanced. Laboratory test data shows that the cycle life of a single battery sample can reach over 3000 cycles. However, the actual cycle life of a battery pack is less than 800 cycles, and even lower when used in a group. Even in energy storage applications, where temperature and humidity are controlled by dedicated air conditioning to operate the batteries under near-ideal conditions, frequent failures of lagging cells and premature battery pack failures still lead to involuntary shutdowns of the energy storage system. Current highly automated industrial manufacturing and strict production processes have achieved a high degree of consistency in materials, assembly pressure, and electrolytes, achieving static balance for the batteries. However, dynamic balance—the balance during battery operation—is still not achieved, thus preventing battery packs or battery groups from reaching the lifespan of single battery samples.

[0003] Current lead-acid batteries are generally composed of multiple cells connected in series, encapsulated together in a plastic casing, and separated from each other by fiber separators. Each cell is filled with electrolyte. The electrolyte, fiber separators, and plastic casing are all poor conductors of heat. When the battery is working, especially towards the end of charging, the electrochemical conversion is basically complete, and some excess electrical energy is always converted into heat. This heat is difficult to conduct away and accumulates inside the battery, creating a high temperature difference with the battery surface. This temperature difference continues to accumulate and amplify during use.

[0004] Furthermore, towards the end of charging, the battery's terminal voltage is primarily reflected in its polarization voltage. Polarization voltage is highly sensitive to electrolyte concentration and temperature. Theoretically, differences in electrolyte concentration can be self-balanced through hydrogen-oxygen evolution. However, in reality, although self-balancing occurs over a period of time, the voltage difference between batteries and between individual cells increases towards the end of charging. Moreover, the voltage fluctuations between individual cells are irregular and cross-current. Observations show that this change process closely resembles the temperature change path. This dynamic imbalance inevitably leads to overvoltage and undervoltage in individual cells, resulting in water loss or sulfation and premature battery failure.

[0005] For example, in energy storage applications, a temperature control system is set up to ensure that the battery operates under ideal temperature conditions. The refrigerant acts on the outer surface of the battery to remove heat. However, the heat generated by the battery itself cannot be conducted to the surface in time and accumulates in the center, which increases the temperature difference between the inside and outside. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thermal balance lead-acid battery that can achieve thermal balance between the internal and external surfaces of a lead-acid battery.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A thermal balance lead-acid battery includes one or more battery cells connected in series, each battery cell being separated by at least one separator, and each battery cell being encapsulated together by a housing, the housing including a shell with an opening and a top cover that mates with the opening of the shell; each separator has at least one cooling channel for a heat dissipation medium to flow therethrough, each cooling channel being connected to the outside of the housing, and a drive device for driving the flow of the heat dissipation medium is provided on or outside the housing and connected to the cooling channel.

[0009] Furthermore, a first input collection channel is provided in one end of the partition corresponding to the opening edge of the housing, and a first output collection channel is provided in one end of the partition corresponding to the bottom plate of the housing. The two ends of each cooling channel are respectively connected to the first input collection channel and the first output collection channel. Both the first input collection channel and the first output collection channel are connected to the outside of the housing.

[0010] Furthermore, the first input collection channel and the first output collection channel are respectively connected to the outside of the housing through a pipe or a hole.

[0011] Furthermore, a second input collection channel and a second output collection channel are respectively provided in the side plate of the housing corresponding to the edge of the housing. The two ends of each cooling channel are respectively connected to the second input collection channel and the second output collection channel. Both the second input collection channel and the second output collection channel are connected to the outside of the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the side plate of the housing is provided with an input collection branch channel and an output collection branch channel respectively. The two ends of each cooling channel are connected to the input collection branch channel and the output collection branch channel respectively. The input collection branch channel and the output collection branch channel are respectively connected to the second input collection channel and the second output collection channel respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the second input collection channel and the second output collection channel are respectively connected to the outside of the housing via a pipe or a hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the cooling channel is a cooling pipe embedded in the partition.

[0015] Furthermore, the cooling channel is a cooling hole formed within the partition plate.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the cooling channels is a straight channel, and within each of the partitions, the straight channels extend vertically or horizontally and are distributed at intervals.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the cooling channels adopts a curved channel, and within each of the partitions, each of the curved channels extends vertically in a spiral pattern.

[0018] With the above solution, the thermal balance lead-acid battery of this utility model has a cooling channel provided in the separator for the heat dissipation medium to flow in it. Each cooling channel is connected to the outside of the battery casing. During operation, the heat dissipation medium in the cooling channel is driven to circulate through the driving device. The heat inside each battery cell is transferred to the cooling channel through the separator, and then carried to the outside of the battery by the heat dissipation medium in the cooling channel, thereby achieving thermal balance between the inside and outside of the lead-acid battery. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is another cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is another cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 9 This is another cross-sectional view of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of Embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 12This is another cross-sectional view of Embodiment 4 of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This utility model discloses a thermal balance lead-acid battery, comprising one or more battery cells connected in series, wherein each battery cell is separated by at least one separator, and each battery cell is encapsulated together by a housing, the housing comprising a shell having an opening and a top cover that mates with the opening of the shell; each separator has at least one cooling channel for a heat dissipation medium to flow therethrough, each cooling channel is connected to the outside of the housing, and a driving device for driving the flow of the heat dissipation medium is provided on or outside the housing and connected to the cooling channel.

[0032] For ease of description, the lead-acid battery is placed horizontally, with the direction perpendicular to the bottom plate of the casing being the vertical direction, the direction parallel to the bottom plate of the casing being the horizontal direction, the direction towards the top cover of the casing being the top direction, and the direction towards the bottom plate of the casing being the bottom direction.

[0033] The main design concept of this utility model is to set up a cooling channel in the separator. When working, the driving device drives the heat dissipation medium to circulate inside the separator and outside the battery, which can carry the heat inside each battery cell to the outside of the battery, thereby achieving thermal balance between the inside and outside of the lead-acid battery.

[0034] The cooling channel can take various structural forms. It can lead directly to the outside of the battery casing or through a converging channel. The drive device for flowing the heat dissipation medium can be selected according to the different heat dissipation media. For example, if the heat dissipation medium is water, the drive device can be a water pump; if the heat dissipation medium is air, the drive device can be a fan. The drive device can be directly installed on the outer surface of the battery casing or placed outside the battery and then connected to the cooling channel through connecting pipes.

[0035] The specific structure of this utility model will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] This utility model discloses a heat-balanced lead-acid battery. Example 1 uses a lead-acid battery consisting of four cells connected in series as an example. Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes four battery cells 100 connected in series. The four battery cells 100 are arranged in a 2*2 structure. The four battery cells 100 are separated by two cross-shaped partitions 11 and 12. Each battery cell 100 is encapsulated together by a shell 10. The shell 10 includes a housing 101 with an opening and a top cover 102 that matches the opening of the housing 101.

[0038] Each of the partitions 11 and 12 has at least one cooling channel for the heat dissipation medium to flow within it.

[0039] In this embodiment, the cooling channels in the partitions 11 and 12 are respectively made of cooling capillaries 111 and 121. The cooling capillaries 111 and 121 can be pre-embedded in the partitions 11 and 12 during production. In order to improve the heat dissipation effect, the cooling capillaries 111 and 121 can be made of good thermal conductors, such as copper tubes, aluminum tubes, thermally conductive plastic tubes, etc.

[0040] In this embodiment, the cooling capillaries 111 and 121 are straight tubes. Inside the partition 11, multiple cooling capillaries 111 extend vertically and are distributed parallel to each other. Inside the partition 12, multiple cooling capillaries 121 extend vertically and are distributed parallel to each other.

[0041] A first input manifold 112 is disposed within one end of the partition 11 corresponding to the edge of the housing 101, and a first input manifold 122 is disposed within one end of the partition 12 corresponding to the edge of the housing 101. The first input manifolds 112 and 122 are also arranged in a cross shape. A first output manifold 113 is disposed within one end of the partition 11 corresponding to the bottom plate of the housing 101, and a first output manifold 123 is disposed within one end of the partition 12 corresponding to the bottom plate of the housing 101. The first output manifolds 113 and 123 are also arranged in a cross shape. The two ends of each cooling capillary 111 are respectively connected to the first input manifold 112 and the first output manifold 113, and the two ends of each cooling capillary 121 are respectively connected to the first input manifold 122 and the first output manifold 123.

[0042] The first input manifold 112 and the first input manifold 122 are connected at their intersection and are connected to the outside of the outer casing 10 through the lead pipe 114. Specifically, the lead pipe 114 is disposed inside the top cover 102, one end of the lead pipe 114 is connected to the intersection of the first input manifold 112 and the first input manifold 122, and the other end of the lead pipe 114 extends out of the top cover 102.

[0043] The first output manifold 113 and the first output manifold 123 are connected at their intersection and are connected to the outside of the housing 10 through the lead pipe 124. Specifically, one end of the lead pipe 124 is connected to the intersection of the first output manifold 113 and the first output manifold 123, and the other end of the lead pipe 124 extends out of the bottom plate of the housing 101.

[0044] A drive device (such as a fan or water pump) for driving the flow of heat dissipation medium in cooling capillaries 111 and 121 can be directly connected to the lead pipe 114 or lead pipe 124, or the drive device can be installed on the connecting pipe connected to the lead pipe 114 or lead pipe 124.

[0045] During operation, the heat dissipation medium in the cooling capillaries 111 and 121 is circulated by the drive device. The heat inside each battery cell 100 is transferred to the cooling capillaries 111 and 121 through the separators 11 and 12, and then carried to the outside of the battery by the heat dissipation medium in the cooling capillaries 111 and 121, thereby achieving thermal balance between the inside and outside surface of the lead-acid battery.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] This utility model discloses a heat-balanced lead-acid battery, as shown in Embodiment Two. Figure 4-6 As shown, the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the cooling channels in the partitions 11 and 12 are respectively made of cooling channels 115 and 125, and the cooling channels 115 and 125 can be integrally formed during the production of partitions 11 and 12.

[0048] In this embodiment, cooling channels 115 and 125 are curved channels. There are two cooling channels 115 inside the partition 11, which extend vertically in a spiral manner. There are two cooling channels 125 inside the partition 12, which extend vertically in a spiral manner. The upper ends of the two cooling channels 115 and the two cooling channels 125 meet together and are connected to the outside of the top cover 102 through the guide hole 116. The lower ends of the two cooling channels 115 and the two cooling channels 125 meet together and are connected to the outside of the bottom plate of the housing 101 through the guide hole 126.

[0049] During operation, the heat dissipation medium in the cooling channels 115 and 125 is circulated by the drive device. The heat inside each battery cell 100 is transferred to the cooling channels 115 and 125 through the separators 11 and 12, and then carried to the outside of the battery by the heat dissipation medium in the cooling channels 115 and 125, thereby achieving thermal balance between the inside and outside of the lead-acid battery.

[0050] Example 3:

[0051] This utility model discloses a thermal balance lead-acid battery. Example 3 uses a lead-acid battery consisting of six cells connected in series as an example. Figure 7-9 As shown, it includes six battery cells 200 connected in series. The six battery cells 200 are arranged in a 1*6 structure. The six battery cells 200 are separated by five parallel partitions 21. Each battery cell 200 is encapsulated together by a shell 20. The shell 20 includes a housing 201 with an opening and a top cover 202 that matches the opening of the housing 201.

[0052] Each partition 21 has at least one cooling channel for the heat dissipation medium to flow within it.

[0053] In this embodiment, the cooling channels in each partition 21 are made of cooling capillary tubes 211. The cooling capillary tubes 211 can be pre-embedded in the partition 21 during production. In order to improve the heat dissipation effect, the cooling capillary tubes 211 can be made of good thermal conductors, such as copper tubes, aluminum tubes, thermally conductive plastic tubes, etc.

[0054] In this embodiment, the cooling capillary tube 211 is a straight tube, and multiple cooling capillary tubes 211 are horizontally arranged and spaced apart within each partition 21.

[0055] Inside the side plate of the housing 201, corresponding to the two ends of each partition 21, there are vertically arranged input collecting branch pipes 202 and output collecting branch pipes 203. The two ends of each cooling capillary tube 211 are connected to the corresponding input collecting branch channel 202 and the corresponding output collecting branch channel 203, respectively. Inside the side plate of the housing 201, corresponding to the edge of the housing 201, there are horizontally arranged second input collecting pipes 204 and second output collecting pipes 205. The second input collecting pipes 204 are located at the top of each input collecting branch pipe 202 and are connected to each input collecting branch pipe 202. The second output collecting pipes 205 are located at the top of each output collecting branch channel 203 and are connected to each output collecting branch channel 203.

[0056] One end of the second input manifold 204 and the second output manifold 205 extend out of the housing 201, respectively.

[0057] A drive device (such as a fan or water pump) for driving the flow of heat dissipation medium in the cooling capillary 211 can be directly connected to one end of the second input manifold 204 or the second output manifold 205 that extends out of the housing 201, or this drive device can be installed on the connecting pipe that is connected to the second input manifold 204 or the second output manifold 205.

[0058] During operation, the heat dissipation medium in the cooling capillary 211 is driven by the drive device to circulate. The heat inside each battery cell 200 is transferred to the cooling capillary 211 through the separator 21, and then carried to the outside of the battery by the heat dissipation medium in the cooling capillary 211, thereby achieving thermal balance between the inside and outside surface of the lead-acid battery.

[0059] Example 4:

[0060] This utility model discloses a thermal balance lead-acid battery, as shown in Embodiment Four. Figure 10-12 As shown, the only difference between this embodiment and embodiment three is that the cooling channels in each partition 21 adopt cooling channels 212, and the cooling channels 212 can be integrally formed during the production of partition 21.

[0061] In this embodiment, the cooling channel 212 adopts a curved channel. In each partition 21, the cooling channel 212 has a U-shaped structure. The bottom of the U-shape is close to the bottom plate of the housing 201. The two arms of the U-shape extend vertically upward to the edge of the housing 201. The ends of the two arms of the U-shape extend horizontally to the two ends of the corresponding partition 21 corresponding to the side plate of the housing 201.

[0062] A second input collection channel 206 and a second output collection channel 207 are horizontally arranged inside the side plate of the housing 201 corresponding to the edge of the housing 201. The two ends of each cooling channel 212 intersect and communicate with the second input collection channel 206 and the second output collection channel 207, respectively. The second input collection channel 206 and the second output collection channel 207 are respectively connected to the outside of the housing 201.

[0063] During operation, the heat dissipation medium in the cooling channel 212 is circulated by the drive device. The heat inside each battery cell 200 is transferred to the cooling channel 212 through the separator 21, and then carried to the outside of the battery by the heat dissipation medium in the cooling channel 212, thereby achieving thermal balance between the inside and outside surface of the lead-acid battery.

[0064] In the above embodiments of this utility model, the distribution structure and connection relationship of each pipe or channel are only examples. As long as the heat inside the separator can be led out to the outside of the battery, the distribution structure and connection relationship of each pipe or channel are not limited to the above structure.

[0065] In the above embodiments of this utility model, the inputs and outputs mentioned are not fixed; they can be interchanged for ease of description.

[0066] In this invention, a cooling channel can also be provided in the battery casing to improve heat dissipation.

[0067] In this invention, to prevent short circuits between the cooling pipe and the battery plates, the outer layer of the cooling pipe can be wrapped with an insulating material, and its installation position can be ensured to not affect the normal ion transport and electrochemical reaction between the battery plates.

[0068] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thermally balanced lead-acid battery, comprising one or more battery cells connected in series, wherein each battery cell is separated from the other by at least one separator, and each battery cell is encapsulated together by a housing, the housing comprising a casing having an opening and a top cover that mates with the opening of the casing; characterized in that: Each of the partitions has at least one cooling channel for the flow of heat dissipation medium within it, and each cooling channel is connected to the outside of the outer casing. A driving device for driving the flow of heat dissipation medium is provided on or outside the outer casing and is connected to the cooling channel.

2. The thermal balance lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition has a first input collection channel at one end corresponding to the opening edge of the housing, and a first output collection channel at one end corresponding to the bottom plate of the housing. The two ends of each cooling channel are respectively connected to the first input collection channel and the first output collection channel. Both the first input collection channel and the first output collection channel are connected to the outside of the housing.

3. A thermal balance lead-acid battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first input collection channel and the first output collection channel are respectively connected to the outside of the housing through a pipe or a hole.

4. A thermal balance lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plate of the housing is provided with a second input collection channel and a second output collection channel respectively corresponding to the edge of the housing. The two ends of each cooling channel are respectively connected to the second input collection channel and the second output collection channel. The second input collection channel and the second output collection channel are both connected to the outside of the housing.

5. A thermal balance lead-acid battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side plate of the housing is provided with an input collection branch channel and an output collection branch channel respectively. The two ends of each cooling channel are connected to the input collection branch channel and the output collection branch channel respectively. The input collection branch channel and the output collection branch channel are respectively connected to the second input collection channel and the second output collection channel respectively.

6. A thermal balance lead-acid battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second input collection channel and the second output collection channel are respectively connected to the outside of the housing through a pipe or a hole.

7. A thermal balance lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The cooling channel is a cooling pipe embedded in the partition.

8. A thermal balance lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The cooling channel is a cooling hole formed in the partition plate.

9. A thermal balance lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Each of the cooling channels is a straight channel, and within each of the partitions, the straight channels extend vertically or horizontally and are distributed at intervals.

10. A thermal balance lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Each of the cooling channels adopts a curved channel, and within each of the partitions, each of the curved channels extends vertically in a spiral pattern.

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