Power distribution system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power distribution system and a vehicle, relates to the technical field of charging and discharging, and aims to reduce the number of storage batteries in the power distribution system and realize effective power supply for loads with different power demands through the same storage battery. The power distribution system comprises a first direct-current converter, the first end of the first direct-current converter is connected with a storage battery, and the second end of the first direct-current converter is used for being connected with a first load. The first direct-current converter is used for converting a first voltage output by the storage battery into a second voltage meeting the operation requirement of the first load; wherein the first voltage is different from the second voltage. The storage battery is used for being connected with a second load and outputting first voltage meeting the operation requirement of the second load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of charging and discharging technology, and in particular to power distribution systems and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, new energy vehicles are becoming increasingly common in people's lives. As vehicles evolve, the types of functional components they carry are also gradually increasing. How to meet the power requirements of these different functional components is one of the research directions for those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a power distribution system and vehicle that aims to reduce the number of batteries in the power distribution system and achieve effective power supply to loads with different power demands through the same battery.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This application provides a power distribution system. The power distribution system includes a first DC-DC converter, a first terminal of which is connected to a battery, and a second terminal of which is connected to a first load. The first DC-DC converter converts a first voltage output from the battery into a second voltage that meets the operating requirements of the first load; wherein the first voltage and the second voltage are different. The battery is connected to a second load and outputs a first voltage that meets the operating requirements of the second load.

[0006] In some embodiments, the power distribution system further includes an on-board charging module, a first end of which is connected to a charging port, and a second end of which is connected to a battery. The on-board charging module is used to convert a third voltage flowing through the charging port into a first voltage adapted to the battery; wherein the third voltage is higher than the first voltage.

[0007] In some embodiments, the charging port is an AC charging port, and the on-board charging module includes an AC-DC converter and a second DC converter.

[0008] The first terminal of the AC-DC converter is connected to the AC charging port, and the second terminal is used to connect to the power battery. The AC-DC converter is used to convert the third voltage flowing through the AC charging port into a fourth voltage adapted to the power battery; wherein the fourth voltage is different from the third voltage.

[0009] The first terminal of the second DC converter is connected to the second terminal of the AC-DC converter, and the second terminal of the second DC converter is connected to the battery; the second DC converter is used to convert the fourth voltage output by the AC-DC converter into the first voltage.

[0010] In some embodiments, the charging port is a DC charging port, and the on-board charging module includes a third DC converter and a second DC converter.

[0011] The first terminal of the third DC-DC converter is connected to the DC charging port, and the second terminal is used to connect to the power battery. The third DC-DC converter is used to convert the third voltage flowing through the DC charging port into a fourth voltage adapted to the power battery; wherein the fourth voltage is different from the third voltage.

[0012] The first terminal of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the second terminal of the third DC-DC converter, and the second terminal of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the battery. The second DC-DC converter is used to convert the fourth voltage output by the third DC-DC converter into the first voltage.

[0013] In some embodiments, a second terminal of the second DC-DC converter is also connected to a second terminal of the first DC-DC converter. The first DC-DC converter is also used to convert the first voltage output by the second DC-DC converter into a second voltage.

[0014] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the battery is 12V, and the first voltage is less than the second voltage.

[0015] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the battery is 48V, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power distribution system further includes an energy storage device connected to a second terminal of a first DC-DC converter; a first terminal of the first DC-DC converter is also used to connect to a second load. The first DC-DC converter is also used to convert a second voltage output by the energy storage device into a first voltage.

[0017] The energy storage device is also used to connect to the first load. The energy storage device is used to output a second voltage that meets the operating requirements of the first load.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second end of the on-board charging module of the power distribution system is also connected to the first end of the first DC converter; the first DC converter is also used to convert the first voltage output by the on-board charging module into a second voltage adapted to the energy storage device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the smaller of the first voltage and the second voltage is 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 52V or 60V, and the other is 24V, 36V, 48V, 52V, 60V or 72V.

[0020] This application provides a vehicle. The vehicle includes a load and a power distribution system as provided in any of the foregoing embodiments. The power distribution system is connected to the load and is used to supply power to the load. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to some embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of a power distribution system according to other embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the above-mentioned orientational descriptions can be flexibly set in actual application, provided that the relative positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings is satisfied.

[0038] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0039] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "communication" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In embodiments of this invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this embodiment of the invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0042] In some embodiments, the vehicle includes an electrical distribution system and a load. The electrical distribution system is electrically connected to the load for supplying power to the load.

[0043] For example, the power distribution system is connected to multiple loads, all of which have the same rated voltage, or the multiple loads connected to the power distribution system have different rated voltages. The power distribution system may include a battery, which is connected to at least some of the loads.

[0044] Specifically, when multiple loads connected to the power distribution system have the same rated voltage, the multiple loads can be connected to the same battery in the power distribution system, and the battery is used to output voltage that meets the operating requirements of the loads.

[0045] In cases where multiple loads connected to a power distribution system have different rated voltages, for example, multiple loads include at least one first load and at least one second load, the rated voltage of the first load being different from the rated voltage of the second load.

[0046] For example, the battery outputs a first voltage that meets the operating requirements of the second load. The second voltage required by the first load is different from the first voltage. Therefore, if the first load is also directly connected to the battery and the battery directly supplies power to the first load, the first load may experience insufficient power supply voltage or overload.

[0047] Therefore, if the first voltage output by the battery is less than the second voltage required for the operation of the first load, then when the battery is directly connected to the first load to supply power to the first load, the decrease in the operating voltage of the first load will lead to an increase in the operating current of the first load, thereby causing problems such as overheating of the circuit.

[0048] If the first voltage output by the battery is greater than the second voltage required by the first load, then when the battery is directly connected to the first load to supply power to the first load, the excessive supply voltage of the first load may damage the first load and the battery.

[0049] Based on this, this application provides a power distribution system. In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the power distribution system includes a first DC-DC converter, a first terminal of which is connected to a battery, and a second terminal of which is connected to a first load.

[0050] The first DC-DC converter is used to convert the first voltage output by the battery into a second voltage that meets the operating requirements of the first load; wherein the first voltage is different from the second voltage.

[0051] The battery is used to connect to the second load and to output a first voltage that meets the operating requirements of the second load.

[0052] The power distribution system provided in this application embodiment has a battery directly connected to a second load to supply power to the second load; simultaneously, the voltage output by the battery is converted by a first DC-DC converter to a voltage adapted to the first load to supply power to the first load. In this way, a single battery in the power supply system can output different voltages, and a single battery can simultaneously supply power to both the first and second loads, which is beneficial for achieving a lightweight power distribution system and reducing its cost.

[0053] At the same time, with this design, both the first and second loads can operate at voltages that meet their own operating requirements, effectively avoiding the problem of increased operating current caused by insufficient load power supply voltage.

[0054] In some embodiments, the smaller of the first voltage and the second voltage is 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 52V or 60V, and the other is 24V, 36V, 48V, 52V, 60V or 72V.

[0055] For example, the smaller of the first and second voltages is 12V, and the other is 24V, 36V, 48V, 52V, 60V, or 72V.

[0056] For example, the smaller of the first and second voltages is 24V, and the other is 36V, 48V, 52V, 60V or 72V.

[0057] For example, the smaller of the first and second voltages is 36V, and the other is 48V, 52V, 60V or 72V.

[0058] For example, the smaller of the first and second voltages is 48V, and the other is 52V, 60V, or 72V.

[0059] For example, the smaller of the first and second voltages is 52V, and the other is 60V or 72V.

[0060] For example, the smaller of the first and second voltages is 60V, and the other is 72V.

[0061] Of course, the specific values ​​and combinations of the first and second voltages are not limited to these; they can be adapted to actual needs.

[0062] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the battery is 12V, and the first voltage is less than the second voltage.

[0063] In this case, the first voltage is 12V, and the second voltage can be 24V, 36V, 48V, 52V, 60V, or 72V.

[0064] The second load is a 12V load. While the 12V battery supplies power to the 12V load directly connected to it, the voltage output by the 12V battery is also boosted by the first DC-DC converter to supply power to the first load.

[0065] For example, the power distribution system may include one or more first DC-DC converters. The first DC-DC converter may be at least one of 12V-24V DC-DC, 12V-36V DC-DC, 12V-48V DC-DC, 12V-52V DC-DC, 12V-60V DC-DC, or 12V-72V DC-DC.

[0066] For example, the power distribution system may include a first DC-DC converter, which may be one of 12V-24V DC-DC, 12V-36V DC-DC, 12V-48V DC-DC, 12V-52V DC-DC, 12V-60V DC-DC, or 12V-72V DC-DC.

[0067] For example, a power distribution system can also refer to a system that includes multiple (two or more) first DC-DC converters. First DC-DC converters of different specifications can convert the voltage output from a 12V battery into different second voltages (24V, 36V, 48V, 52V, 60V, or 72V), so that the 12V battery can supply power to first loads of different specifications through first DC-DC converters of different specifications.

[0068] Taking a power distribution system including 12V-24V DC-DC and 12V-48V DC-DC as an example, the first load includes a 24V load and a 48V load. While the 12V battery supplies power to the 12V load, the voltage output by the 12V battery is boosted by the 12V-24V DC-DC to supply power to the 24V load. The voltage output by the 12V battery is also boosted by the 12V-48V DC-DC to supply power to the 48V load.

[0069] The specifications of the first DC-DC converter are not limited to the examples above, and may be other specifications. Specifically, they can be adapted to the specific specifications of the first load, the second load, and the battery. This is an exemplary description of some possible implementations of this application and is not intended to limit this application.

[0070] In other embodiments, the battery has a rated voltage of 48V, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0071] In this case, the first voltage is 48V, and the second voltage can be 12V, 24V, or 36V.

[0072] The second load can be a 48V load. While the 48V battery supplies power to the 48V load directly connected to it, the voltage output by the 48V battery is also stepped down by the first DC-DC converter to supply power to the first load.

[0073] For example, the power distribution system may include one or more first DC-DC converters. The first DC-DC converter may be at least one of 48V-36V DC-DC, 48V-24V DC-DC, or 48V-12V DC-DC.

[0074] For example, the power distribution system may include a first DC-DC converter, which may be one of 48V-36V DC-DC, 48V-24V DC-DC, or 48V-12V DC-DC.

[0075] For example, a power distribution system can also refer to a system that includes multiple (two or more) first DC-DC converters. First DC-DC converters of different specifications can convert the voltage output from a 48V battery into different second voltages (12V, 24V, or 36V), so that the 48V battery can supply power to first loads of different specifications through first DC-DC converters of different specifications.

[0076] Taking a power distribution system including 48V-12V DC-DC and 48V-24V DC-DC as an example, the first load includes a 12V load and a 24V load. While the 48V battery supplies power to the 48V load, the voltage output by the 48V battery is stepped down by the 48V-12V DC-DC to supply power to the 12V load. The voltage output by the 48V battery is also stepped down by the 48V-24V DC-DC to supply power to the 24V load.

[0077] The specifications of the first DC-DC converter are not limited to the examples above, and may be other specifications. Specifically, they can be adapted to the specific specifications of the first load, the second load, and the battery. This is an exemplary description of some possible implementations of this application and is not intended to limit this application.

[0078] Based on the above, the power distribution system can also be connected to the vehicle's charging port and the vehicle's power battery. The power distribution system is used to convert the third voltage flowing through the charging port into a fourth voltage adapted to the power battery for charging. For example, both the first and second voltages are lower than the fourth voltage.

[0079] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power distribution system also includes an on-board charging module. The first end of the on-board charging module is connected to the charging port, and the third end is connected to the power battery. The on-board charging module is used to convert the third voltage flowing through the charging port into a fourth voltage adapted to the power battery; wherein the fourth voltage is different from the third voltage, and the third voltage is higher than the first voltage.

[0080] Here, "third voltage" refers to the voltage provided by an external power source, and "fourth voltage" refers to the voltage specifications required by the power battery.

[0081] The power distribution system provided in this embodiment not only supplies power to the first and second loads through the battery and the first DC-DC converter, but also converts the electrical energy supplied by the external power source into a specification suitable for the power battery through the on-board charging module, ensuring that the vehicle can be charged efficiently and safely.

[0082] Based on this, in other embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second terminal of the on-board charging module is connected to the battery. The on-board charging module is used to convert the third voltage flowing through the charging port into a first voltage adapted to the battery.

[0083] In this way, the on-board charging module can convert the third voltage flowing through the charging port into a voltage acceptable to the battery, thereby charging the battery.

[0084] The on-board charging module provided in this embodiment has multiple voltage conversion modes or outputs to adapt to different power requirements. The on-board charging module can convert the third voltage (the voltage provided by the external power source) flowing through the charging port into two different voltages (a first voltage and a fourth voltage), which are then supplied to the storage battery and the power battery respectively. Thus, while the external power source is charging the vehicle's power battery through the on-board charging module, it can also simultaneously charge the storage battery, improving the flexibility and efficiency of the on-board charging module in terms of power management.

[0085] Based on the above, the charging port includes at least one of an AC charging port or a DC charging port.

[0086] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the charging port is an AC charging port. The on-board charging module includes an AC-DC converter. The first end of the AC-DC converter is connected to the AC charging port, and the second end is used to connect to the power battery. The AC-DC converter is used to convert the third voltage flowing through the AC charging port into a fourth voltage adapted to the power battery.

[0087] In this case, the fourth voltage and the third voltage are different in value and type. By setting up an AC-DC converter, the AC voltage flowing through the charging port can be converted into a DC voltage acceptable to the power battery, thereby charging the power battery.

[0088] The charging port can be connected to an external power source, such as an AC charging station. Taking an AC charging station providing 220V AC power and a power battery with a rated voltage of 800V as an example, the on-board charging module can convert the 200V AC voltage (third voltage) provided by the AC charging station into an 800V battery-acceptable voltage. When the power battery is an 800V battery, the fourth voltage range is, for example, between 500V and 800V (including extreme values), or between 550V and 950V (including extreme values).

[0089] The specific values ​​of the power battery voltage and the third voltage flowing through the charging port described herein are merely illustrative examples of some possible implementations of this application and are not intended to limit this disclosure. The specific values ​​of the power battery voltage and the third voltage flowing through the charging port are not limited thereto.

[0090] For example, the rated voltage of the power battery can be between 110V and 850V. For instance, the rated voltage of the power battery can be 110V, 200V, 300V, 400V, 500V, 750V, or 800V, etc. Specific values ​​can be adapted to actual needs, and this application does not limit them.

[0091] Based on this, in some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the on-board charging module also includes a second DC-DC converter. The first terminal of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the second terminal of the AC-DC converter, and the second terminal of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the battery. The second DC-DC converter is used to convert the fourth voltage output by the AC-DC converter into the first voltage.

[0092] In this way, while the on-board charging module charges the power battery, the battery can also be charged at an appropriate voltage, thereby avoiding problems such as undervoltage or power loss, protecting the battery and extending its service life.

[0093] The on-board charging module in this embodiment, through the cascaded use of two converters (AC-DC converter and second DC converter), can control the flow of electrical energy to the power battery and the storage battery, ensuring that the power battery and the storage battery can be charged at the optimal voltage, thus making the power distribution system more flexible and efficient.

[0094] For example, if the battery is 12V, the second DC-DC converter can be 12V DC-DC. Similarly, if the battery is 48V, the second DC-DC converter can be 48V DC-DC. And if the battery is 72V, the second DC-DC converter can be 72V DC-DC.

[0095] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the charging port is a DC charging port. The on-board charging module includes a third DC-DC converter. The first end of the third DC-DC converter is connected to the DC charging port, and the second end of the third DC-DC converter is used to connect to the power battery. The third DC-DC converter is used to convert the third voltage flowing through the DC charging port into a fourth voltage adapted to the power battery.

[0096] In this case, the fourth voltage and the third voltage are of the same type but have different values. By setting up a third DC-DC converter, the DC voltage flowing through the charging port can be converted into a DC voltage acceptable to the power battery, thereby charging the power battery.

[0097] The charging port can be connected to an external power source, such as a DC charging station. The DC charging station can provide 380V DC power.

[0098] Taking a power battery with a rated voltage of 800V as an example, the on-board charging module can convert the 380V DC voltage (third voltage) provided by the AC charging pile into an 800V battery-acceptable voltage. The second DC-DC converter can be an 800V DC-DC converter.

[0099] Taking a power battery with a rated voltage of 400V as an example, the on-board charging module can convert the 380V DC voltage (third voltage) provided by the AC charging pile into a 400V acceptable voltage for the battery. The second DC-DC converter can be a 400V DC-DC converter. Alternatively, the charging port can bypass the on-board charging module and directly provide the third voltage to the power battery for charging.

[0100] Based on this, in other embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the on-board charging module includes a second DC-DC converter. A first terminal of the second DC-DC converter is connected to a second terminal of a third DC-DC converter, and the second terminal of the second DC-DC converter is connected to a battery. The second DC-DC converter is used to convert the fourth voltage output by the third DC-DC converter into a first voltage.

[0101] In this way, while the on-board charging module charges the power battery, the battery can also be charged at an appropriate voltage, thereby avoiding problems such as undervoltage or power loss, protecting the battery and extending its service life.

[0102] The on-board charging module in this embodiment, through the cascading use of two converters (a third DC converter and a second DC converter), can control the flow of electrical energy to the power battery and the storage battery, ensuring that both the power battery and the storage battery can be charged at the optimal voltage, thus making the power distribution system more flexible and efficient.

[0103] Based on the foregoing, in some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the second terminal of the second DC-DC converter is also connected to the second terminal of the first DC-DC converter. The first DC-DC converter is also used to convert the first voltage output by the second DC-DC converter into a second voltage.

[0104] While charging the power battery and storage battery through the on-board charging module, the on-board charging module can also convert the voltage flowing through the charging port into a second voltage that meets the operating requirements of the first load, thus supplying power to the first load. In this way, when the load inside the vehicle needs to use electricity during the vehicle charging process, the voltage provided by the charging port can be converted and supplied to the first load, without the storage battery inside the vehicle needing to supply power to the first load. This ensures that the storage battery's power is not consumed by the use of the load inside the vehicle during the charging process, improving the charging efficiency of the storage battery and avoiding the storage battery supplying power to the load while charging, thereby improving electrical safety.

[0105] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the second DC-DC converter of the on-board charging module can be a bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the first terminal of the second DC-DC converter can also be connected to the power battery. The second DC-DC converter is also used to convert the voltage output by the power battery into a first voltage.

[0106] In this way, when the charging port is connected to an external power source (such as when the vehicle is parked and charging), the on-board charging module charges the power battery through an AC-DC converter or a third DC converter, and also charges the storage battery through a second DC converter.

[0107] In situations where there is no voltage at the charging port (e.g., while the vehicle is in motion or parked but not charging), if the battery has a low charge level that prevents it from supplying power to the load, or if the battery is faulty, the power battery can still charge the battery or supply power to the load.

[0108] For example, the voltage output by the power battery can be converted into a first voltage by a second DC-DC converter, and the first voltage output by the second DC-DC converter can be output to the battery to charge the battery; or, the first voltage output by the second DC-DC converter can also be output to a second load to supply power to the second load.

[0109] In summary, the power supply system can supply power to the second load through a battery, or it can supply power to the second load by converting the voltage flowing through the charging port through an on-board charging module, or it can supply power to the second load by converting the voltage output from the power battery through an on-board charging module.

[0110] In this way, the second load has multiple possible power supply methods. The power supply system can select the battery, power battery or charging port as the power source to supply power to the second load based on the power supply status of the battery (e.g., whether the battery can output voltage normally), the power supply status of the power battery (e.g., whether the power battery can output voltage normally), and the voltage status of the charging port (e.g., whether the charging port is connected to an external voltage or whether there is a voltage input). Even if one of the power supply methods fails or other problems prevent it from supplying power to the second load, it can still effectively supply power to the second load through its own power supply method, ensuring the reliability of the power supply to the second load.

[0111] Accordingly, in conjunction with the foregoing, the power supply system can either convert the voltage output from the battery through a first DC-DC converter to supply power to the first load, or convert the voltage flowing through the charging port through an on-board charging module and a first DC-DC converter to supply power to the first load, or convert the voltage output from the power battery through an on-board charging module and a first DC-DC converter to supply power to the first load.

[0112] In this way, the first load has multiple possible power supply methods. The power supply system can select the battery, power battery or charging port as the power source to supply power to the first load according to the power supply status of the storage battery, the power supply status of the power battery and the voltage status of the charging port. Even if one of the power supply methods fails or other problems prevents it from supplying power to the first load, it can still effectively supply power to the first load through the other power supply method, ensuring the reliability of the power supply to the first load.

[0113] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the power distribution system also includes an energy storage device, which is used to connect to the first load. The energy storage device is used to output a second voltage to meet the operating requirements of the first load.

[0114] Energy storage devices and batteries have different voltage specifications. For example, an energy storage device can also be a battery. For instance, if the battery mentioned above is a 12V battery, then the energy storage device can be at least one of a 24V, 36V, 48V, 52V, 60V, or 72V battery. Similarly, if the battery mentioned above is a 48V battery, then the energy storage device can be at least one of a 12V, 24V, 36V, 52V, 60V, or 72V battery.

[0115] Furthermore, the power distribution system may be equipped with one or more (two or more) energy storage devices.

[0116] By setting up batteries and energy storage devices, the batteries and energy storage devices supply power to the loads directly connected to them. Loads with different power requirements (the first load or the second load) can be powered by the corresponding batteries or energy storage devices.

[0117] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the energy storage device is connected to the second terminal of the first DC converter. The first DC converter is used to convert the first voltage output by the battery into a second voltage and output the second voltage to the energy storage device.

[0118] That is, the battery can supply power to the first load or charge the energy storage device through the first DC-DC converter.

[0119] Based on this, the first DC-DC converter can be a bidirectional DC-DC converter, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the first terminal of the first DC-DC converter is also used to connect to a second load. The first DC-DC converter is also used to convert the second voltage output by the energy storage device into a first voltage.

[0120] That is, while the battery can supply power to the first load or charge the energy storage device through the first DC converter, the energy storage device can supply power to the second load or charge the battery through the first DC converter.

[0121] In summary, by using the battery, energy storage device, and first DC converter in combination, when one of the battery or energy storage device fails to supply power normally, the other can not only supply power to its connected load, but also supply power to other loads after boosting or bucking the voltage through the first DC converter. In this way, even if one of the battery and energy storage device has insufficient remaining stored power, the other can simultaneously supply power to the first and second loads, ensuring the reliability of the power supply to the loads by the power distribution system.

[0122] Specifically, for example, such as Figure 8 As shown, taking the remaining stored electrical energy of the energy storage device as an example, when the energy storage device is lower than the set value, the first voltage output by the battery can be converted into a second voltage by the first DC converter, and the second voltage output by the first DC converter can be output to the energy storage device to charge the energy storage device; at the same time, the first voltage output by the first DC converter can also be used to supply power to the second load.

[0123] For example, such as Figure 9As shown, when the first DC-DC converter is a bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the energy storage device has remaining stored electrical energy, as described above, the battery can charge the energy storage device through the first DC-DC converter. When the remaining stored electrical energy in the battery is lower than a set value, the second voltage output by the energy storage device can be converted into a first voltage by the first DC-DC converter. The first voltage output by the first DC-DC converter can then be output to the battery to charge it. Simultaneously, the second voltage output by the first DC-DC converter can also be used to power the first load.

[0124] In this way, on the one hand, the storage battery and energy storage battery can supply power to the load connected to them, and on the other hand, the two can also realize power transmission through the first DC-DC converter, so as to avoid the storage battery or energy storage battery being in a low voltage state for a long time, which would cause damage to the storage battery or energy storage device and improve the service life of the storage battery and energy storage device.

[0125] Based on the foregoing, in some embodiments, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the first DC-DC converter is also used to convert the first voltage output by the on-board charging module into a second voltage adapted to the energy storage device.

[0126] The first voltage output by the on-board charging module can be converted into a voltage acceptable to the energy storage device by the first DC-DC converter, thereby charging the energy storage device.

[0127] As mentioned above, while the on-board charging module outputs a first voltage to charge the battery, it can also provide a second voltage to the energy storage device through a first DC-DC converter, so as to charge both the battery and the energy storage device simultaneously.

[0128] Furthermore, in conjunction with the foregoing description of the on-board charging module, in some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the charging port is an AC charging port. The third voltage flowing through the AC charging port is first converted by the AC-DC converter of the on-board charging module into a fourth voltage that is compatible with the power battery to charge the power battery.

[0129] Meanwhile, the second DC converter of the on-board charging module can convert the fourth voltage output by the AC-DC converter into a first voltage that is compatible with the battery to charge the battery; the first DC converter can convert the first voltage output by the second DC converter into a second voltage that is compatible with the energy storage device to charge the energy storage device.

[0130] By cascading multiple converters (AC-DC converter, second DC converter, and first DC converter), the flow of electrical energy to power batteries, storage batteries, and energy storage devices can be controlled, ensuring that power batteries, storage batteries, and energy storage devices can be charged at the optimal voltage, thus making the power distribution system more flexible and efficient.

[0131] Based on this, the AC-DC converter, the second DC converter, and the first DC converter can all be bidirectional converters.

[0132] In other embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, the charging port is a DC charging port. The third voltage flowing through the DC charging port is first converted by the third DC converter of the on-board charging module into a fourth voltage that is compatible with the power battery to charge the power battery.

[0133] Meanwhile, the second DC converter of the on-board charging module can convert the fourth voltage output by the AC-DC converter into a first voltage that is compatible with the battery to charge the battery; the first DC converter can convert the first voltage output by the second DC converter into a second voltage that is compatible with the energy storage device to charge the energy storage device.

[0134] By cascading multiple converters (AC-DC converter, second DC converter, and first DC converter), the flow of electrical energy to power batteries, storage batteries, and energy storage devices can be controlled, ensuring that power batteries, storage batteries, and energy storage devices can be charged at the optimal voltage, thus making the power distribution system more flexible and efficient.

[0135] Based on this, the third DC converter, the second DC converter, and the first DC converter can all be bidirectional converters.

[0136] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the power distribution system also includes a fourth DC-DC converter. The first terminal of the fourth DC-DC converter is connected to the power battery, and the second terminal is connected to the energy storage device. The fourth DC-DC converter is used to convert the voltage output from the power battery into a second voltage compatible with the energy storage device.

[0137] In this way, the voltage output by the power battery can be converted into a second voltage by the fourth DC converter to charge the energy storage device. When the remaining power of the energy storage device is low, it can be charged by the power battery, avoiding the energy storage device being in a low voltage state for a long time and extending the service life of the energy storage device.

[0138] At the same time, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, each converter in the power distribution system can be a bidirectional converter. Therefore, the battery can also supply power to the power battery through the on-board charging module, and the energy storage device can also supply power to the power battery through the first DC converter and the on-board charging module.

[0139] In some implementations, the vehicle's power battery is connected to the vehicle's motor, and the power battery supplies power to the motor. Alternatively, a storage battery or energy storage device can be connected to the motor as a starting power source for the motor.

[0140] In some embodiments, the power distribution system further includes a PDU (Power Distribution Unit), which includes wiring harnesses between various components (e.g., converters) in the power distribution system, connectors, relays for controlling the switching between different parts of the power distribution system, and fuses, etc.

[0141] Based on any of the above embodiments, taking a first load of 12V and a second load of 48V as an example, the first load includes, but is not limited to, ECU (Electronic Control Unit), VCU (Vehicle Control Unit), multimedia, various sensors, control switches, intelligent driving systems, etc. The second load includes, but is not limited to, radiator electric fans, water pumps, motor oil pumps, etc.

[0142] The power supply system provided in this application can not only provide power to multiple loads, but also charge energy storage structures (power batteries, storage batteries, or energy storage devices, etc.), thus integrating charging and power distribution functions and improving the integration of the power distribution system.

[0143] Meanwhile, the power distribution system provided in this application is equipped with a battery that can provide a first voltage to the second load to meet the operating requirements of the second load, and can also provide a second voltage to the first load to meet the operating requirements of the first load through a first DC-DC converter. Since a single battery can achieve different voltage outputs, compared with setting up corresponding batteries for loads with different power requirements, the cost of the power distribution system can be reduced, and the overall weight of the vehicle and the weight of the connecting wiring harness can also be reduced, which is conducive to achieving lightweight vehicle design.

[0144] Furthermore, the power battery and the storage battery can supply power to the load individually or together, improving the reliability of the power distribution system's power supply to the load. Both the first and second loads can be powered through multiple different methods. This ensures that even if one power supply method experiences an anomaly or failure, power can still be supplied through other methods, guaranteeing the load's power supply safety.

[0145] The DC converters in the power distribution system provided in this application are not limited to 12V DC-DC, 48V DC-DC, and 48V-12VDC-DC, but may also include 24V DC-DC, 36V DC-DC, 36V-24V DC-DC, 36V-12V DC-DC, 24V-12VDC-DC, or other bidirectional DC converters.

[0146] Specifically, adaptive selections can be made according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0147] With all converters in the power distribution system being bidirectional converters, the voltage output by the power battery can also be converted into a third voltage through the on-board charging module and discharged to the outside through the charging port (to supply power to external loads), thereby meeting the power demand of conventional outdoor loads.

[0148] The following is an exemplary description of one embodiment of the power distribution device of this application.

[0149] Taking a 48V load as the first example, a 12V load as the second load, and an AC charging port as the example, the power distribution system includes an AC-DC converter and a first DC converter.

[0150] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the AC-DC converter (DC-AC) can achieve bidirectional conversion between the third voltage and the fourth voltage, enabling the power distribution system to replenish the battery and power battery with external AC power, and the power battery to discharge to the outside through the vehicle charging port.

[0151] Based on this, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the first DC-DC converter can be a 48V-12V DC-DC converter, and the second DC-DC converter can be a 12V DC-DC converter. Figure 14 As shown, the fourth DC-DC converter can be a 48V DC-DC converter.

[0152] like Figure 14 As shown, the power distribution system of this application can realize three 12V low-voltage power supply paths.

[0153] For example, a 12V battery directly provides 12V voltage to a 12V load.

[0154] For example, the high-voltage electricity provided by the power battery is converted into 12V low-voltage electricity through 12V DC-DC conversion to power a 12V load.

[0155] For example, the high-voltage electricity provided by the power battery is converted to 48V low-voltage electricity via 48V DC-DC, and then converted to 12V low-voltage electricity via 48V-12V DC-DC to power a 12V load.

[0156] like Figure 14 As shown, the power distribution system of this application can realize three 48V low-voltage power supply paths.

[0157] For example, the 12V low-voltage electricity provided by the battery is converted into 48V low-voltage electricity through a 48-12V DC-DC converter, and then used to power a 48V load.

[0158] For example, the high-voltage electricity provided by the power battery is converted into 48V low-voltage electricity by 48V DC-DC converter to supply power to a 48V load.

[0159] For example, the high-voltage electricity provided by the power battery is converted into 12V low-voltage electricity through 12V DC-DC, and then converted into 48V low-voltage electricity through 48V-12V DC-DC, and then supplies power to the 48V load.

[0160] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the power distribution system provided in this application can also replenish the power battery and storage battery with external AC power.

[0161] Specifically, the high-voltage AC power supplied by the external power source is converted into high-voltage DC power required by the power battery via an AC / DC converter to replenish the power battery's energy. At the same time, this high-voltage DC power is then converted into 12V low-voltage DC power via a 12V DC-DC converter to replenish the battery's charge.

[0162] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the power distribution system provided in this application can also enable the power battery to discharge externally.

[0163] Specifically, the high-voltage DC power provided by the power battery is converted into AC power by an AC / DC converter, and then discharged to the outside through the vehicle's charging port, thereby enabling the vehicle to supply AC power to the outside world and meet the power demand of outdoor high-voltage AC loads.

[0164] In summary, the power distribution system provided in this application not only has a simple DC-DC conversion function, but also can realize the continuous voltage transformation function from the high voltage of the power battery to 48V and then to 12V, as well as the continuous voltage transformation function from the 12V voltage of the storage battery to 48V and then to the high voltage of the storage battery, thereby taking into account the power demand of low-voltage loads with different voltages of 48V and 12V.

[0165] Compared to directly powering 12V and 48V loads via a 12V battery, this method can reduce the current of low-voltage loads, thereby significantly reducing 12V line loss and voltage drop, line overheating, improving the safety and reliability of the power distribution system, and reducing the cost and weight of the wiring harness in the vehicle's power distribution system.

[0166] The power distribution system can provide power to low-voltage loads through multiple paths, ensuring that the vehicle can continue to operate normally under extreme conditions with a single power source (such as a battery), thereby improving vehicle safety.

[0167] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0168] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power distribution system, characterized in that, include: A first DC-DC converter has a first terminal connected to a battery and a second terminal connected to a first load. The first DC-DC converter is used to convert a first voltage output by the battery into a second voltage that meets the operating requirements of the first load, wherein the first voltage and the second voltage are different. The battery is used to connect to the second load and to output the first voltage that meets the operating requirements of the second load.

2. The power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power distribution system also includes: An on-board charging module, wherein a first end of the on-board charging module is connected to a charging port, and a second end of the on-board charging module is connected to a battery; the on-board charging module is used to convert a third voltage flowing through the charging port into a first voltage adapted to the battery, wherein the third voltage is higher than the first voltage.

3. The power distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging port is an AC charging port; the on-board charging module includes: An AC / DC converter is provided, wherein a first terminal of the AC / DC converter is connected to the AC charging port, and a second terminal of the AC / DC converter is used to connect to the power battery; the AC / DC converter is used to convert a third voltage flowing through the AC charging port into a fourth voltage adapted to the power battery, wherein the fourth voltage is different from the third voltage; The second DC-DC converter has a first terminal connected to the second terminal of the AC-DC converter, and the second terminal of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the battery; the second DC-DC converter is used to convert the fourth voltage output by the AC-DC converter into the first voltage.

4. The power distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging port is a DC charging port; the on-board charging module includes: A third DC-DC converter, wherein a first end of the third DC-DC converter is connected to the DC charging port, and a second end of the third DC-DC converter is used to connect to the power battery; the third DC-DC converter is used to convert the third voltage flowing through the DC charging port into a fourth voltage adapted to the power battery, wherein the fourth voltage is different from the third voltage; The second DC-DC converter has a first terminal connected to the second terminal of the third DC-DC converter, and the second terminal of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the battery; the second DC-DC converter is used to convert the fourth voltage output by the third DC-DC converter into the first voltage.

5. The power distribution system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The second terminal of the second DC converter is also connected to the second terminal of the first DC converter; the first DC converter is also used to convert the first voltage output by the second DC converter into the second voltage.

6. The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The rated voltage of the battery is 12V, and the first voltage is less than the second voltage.

7. The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The rated voltage of the battery is 48V, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

8. The power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The power distribution system also includes: An energy storage device is connected to a second terminal of the first DC-DC converter; a first terminal of the first DC-DC converter is also used to connect to the second load, and the first DC-DC converter is also used to convert the second voltage output by the energy storage device into the first voltage; The energy storage device is also used to connect to the first load; the energy storage device is used to output the second voltage to meet the operating requirements of the first load.

9. The power distribution system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second end of the on-board charging module of the power distribution system is also connected to the first end of the first DC converter; the first DC converter is also used to convert the first voltage output by the on-board charging module into the second voltage adapted to the energy storage device.

10. The power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smaller of the first voltage and the second voltage is 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 52V or 60V, and the other is 24V, 36V, 48V, 52V, 60V or 72V.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: load; and, The power distribution system as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; the power distribution system is connected to the load, and the power distribution system is used to supply power to the load.

Images