Solar cell, power generation device and power utilization device

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a solar cell, a power generation device and a power utilization device, the solar cell comprises a substrate layer, a plurality of sub-cells, a cover plate layer and a plugging layer, the substrate layer and the cover plate layer are oppositely arranged in a first direction, the plurality of sub-cells are arranged between the substrate layer and the cover plate layer, and the cover plate layer is provided with a first through hole; the first through hole is used for leading out a confluence assembly from the interior of the solar cell, the blocking layer is arranged on the side, away from the sub-cell, of the cover plate layer, the blocking layer and the first through hole are oppositely arranged in the first direction, the blocking layer comprises a second through hole, and the center of the second through hole is located on the side, away from the edge of the substrate layer, of the center of the first through hole; the second through hole is used for leading the confluence assembly out of the solar cell. The installation difficulty of the outer frame of the solar cell is reduced on the premise of not increasing a sub-cell removal area, so that the solar cell is packaged, the use safety of the solar cell is improved, and the service life of the solar cell is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a solar cell, a power generation device and a power consumption device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solar cells are widely used due to low raw material cost, simple process and excellent photoelectric performance.

[0003] In order to avoid the influence of water vapor erosion on the solar cell, the solar cell is usually encapsulated, but the effective power generation area of the existing solar cell is small after encapsulation, which affects the performance of the solar cell. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a solar cell, comprising: a substrate layer, a plurality of sub-cells and a cover plate layer, the substrate layer and the cover plate layer are oppositely arranged in a first direction, the plurality of sub-cells are arranged between the substrate layer and the cover plate layer, the cover plate layer is provided with a first through hole, the first through hole is used to lead out a busbar assembly from the inside of the solar cell; a blocking layer is arranged on the side of the cover plate layer away from the sub-cells, the blocking layer and the first through hole are oppositely arranged in the first direction, the blocking layer comprises a second through hole, the center of the second through hole is located on the side away from the edge of the substrate layer of the center of the first through hole, and the second through hole is used to lead out the busbar assembly to the outside of the solar cell.

[0006] In the above technical solution, by arranging the blocking layer and setting the center of the second through hole on the blocking layer to be located on the side away from the edge of the substrate layer of the center of the first through hole, the second through hole is arranged close to the center of the solar cell, so that when the busbar assembly is led out to the outside of the solar cell through the second through hole, the external end of the busbar assembly is arranged away from the edge of the substrate layer, so that other structural members (such as a controller) electrically connected with the busbar assembly are arranged away from the edge of the substrate layer, avoiding the interference between the other structural members and the outer frame arranged on the periphery of the solar cell during encapsulation of the solar cell, realizing the reduction of the encapsulation difficulty of the solar cell under the premise of not increasing the cleaning area of the sub-cells, and improving the use safety, prolonging the service life and improving the working performance of the solar cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the second through hole is arranged spaced apart from the first through hole, and the second direction intersects the first direction.

[0008] In the technical solution, the second through hole is arranged close to the center of the solar cell, so that when the second through hole is used to lead the busbar assembly out of the solar cell, other structural members electrically connected with the busbar assembly can be arranged away from the edge of the base layer, thereby reducing the packaging difficulty of the solar cell without increasing the removal area of the sub-cells.

[0009] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the second through hole and the first through hole is 9-30mm.

[0010] In the technical solution, the second through hole is arranged close to the center of the solar cell, so that when the second through hole is used to lead the busbar assembly out of the solar cell, other structural members electrically connected with the busbar assembly can be arranged away from the edge of the base layer, thereby reducing the packaging difficulty of the solar cell without increasing the removal area of the sub-cells.

[0011] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the first through hole and the edge of the blocking layer is 5-10mm; and / or, the maximum distance between any two points of the first through hole is 5-10mm.

[0012] In the technical solution, by setting the minimum distance between the first through hole and the edge of the blocking layer, the water vapor can be prevented from entering the sub-cells while avoiding removing too many sub-cells; by setting the maximum distance between any two points of the first through hole, the forming difficulty of the first through hole and the leading difficulty of the busbar assembly are reduced.

[0013] In some embodiments, the thickness of the blocking layer in the first direction is 1.5-3.5mm; and / or, the thickness of the cover layer in the first direction is 1.5-5mm.

[0014] In the technical solution, the manufacturing cost of the blocking layer and the cover layer is reduced while the working performance of the blocking layer and the cover layer is ensured to some extent.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second through hole is filled with a first sealant, and the blocking layer and the cover layer are provided with a second sealant.

[0016] In the technical solution, the water vapor can be prevented from entering the solar cell through the second through hole and between the blocking layer and the cover layer, thereby preventing the sub-cells from being eroded by the water vapor and prolonging the service life of the solar cell.

[0017] In some embodiments, the busbar assembly is located between the base layer and the cover layer, the busbar assembly is electrically connected with the plurality of sub-cells respectively, and the external end of the busbar assembly extends out of the blocking layer through the first through hole and the second through hole respectively.

[0018] In the above technical solution, while enabling the external terminal of the combiner module to be led out from between the substrate layer and the cover layer, other structural components electrically connected to the combiner module can be set away from the edge of the substrate layer, thereby reducing the encapsulation difficulty of the solar cell without increasing the sub-cell clearing area.

[0019] In some embodiments, the base layer has a first region and a second region on the side facing the cover layer, the first region and the second region are arranged sequentially along a second direction, the sub-battery is disposed in the first region, the busbar assembly is disposed in the second region, and the second direction intersects the first direction.

[0020] In the above technical solution, while facilitating the electrical connection between the combiner module and the sub-cell, it also avoids setting the sub-cell below the combiner module, which to a certain extent avoids the yellowing phenomenon during the aging process of solar cells and improves the working performance of solar cells.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first through hole faces the second region.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the first through hole can be set directly opposite the busbar assembly, so that the external end of the busbar assembly can be led out through the first through hole of the cover plate layer, reducing the difficulty of external connection of the busbar assembly.

[0023] In some embodiments, in the second direction, the minimum distance between the first through hole and the first region is 1mm-2mm.

[0024] In the above technical solution, water vapor can be prevented from entering the sub-cell through the first through hole, thereby preventing the sub-cell from being corroded by water vapor and extending the service life of the solar cell.

[0025] In some embodiments, the bus assembly includes a positive bus and a negative bus, the positive bus and the negative bus are arranged at intervals, the positive terminal of the positive bus extends out of the sealing layer through the second through hole, and the negative terminal of the negative bus extends out of the sealing layer through the second through hole.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the external end of the combiner module can be extended out of the sealing layer, which makes it easier to draw out the current of multiple sub-cells using the combiner module and reduces the difficulty of using solar cells.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first through hole corresponding to the positive busbar and the first through hole corresponding to the negative busbar are spaced apart; and / or, the second through hole corresponding to the positive external terminal and the second through hole corresponding to the negative external terminal are spaced apart.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the positive busbar and the negative busbar can be set alternately, which to a certain extent avoids the direct electrical connection between the positive busbar and the negative busbar, thereby improving the working performance and safety of the busbar assembly.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first through hole corresponding to the positive busbar and the second through hole corresponding to the positive external terminal are arranged facing each other in a second direction; and / or, the first through hole corresponding to the negative busbar and the second through hole corresponding to the negative external terminal are arranged facing each other in a second direction, the second direction intersecting the first direction.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the positive terminal of the positive busbar can extend out of the sealing layer through the first through hole and the second through hole respectively, and the negative terminal of the negative busbar can extend out of the sealing layer through the first through hole and the second through hole respectively, thereby reducing the difficulty of leading out the positive and negative busbars.

[0031] In some embodiments, the solar cell further includes a controller disposed on the side of the sealing layer opposite to the cover layer, and the busbar assembly is electrically connected to the controller.

[0032] The above technical solution facilitates the extraction of current from multiple sub-cells, reduces the difficulty of extracting current from multiple sub-cells, and ensures the performance of solar cells to a certain extent.

[0033] Secondly, this application provides a power generation device, including the aforementioned solar cell.

[0034] In the above technical solution, by using the aforementioned solar cells, the working performance of the power generation device can be guaranteed to a certain extent.

[0035] Thirdly, this application provides an electrical device, including the aforementioned solar cell or the aforementioned power generation device.

[0036] In the above technical solutions, by using the aforementioned solar cells or the aforementioned power generation devices, the working performance of the power-consuming devices can be guaranteed to a certain extent.

[0037] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a power generation device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a solar cell according to some embodiments of this application.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a top view of a solar cell according to some embodiments of this application.

[0043] Figure label:

[0044] 1000. Electrical appliances;

[0045] 100. Solar cells;

[0046] 110. Basal layer; 111. First region; 112. Second region;

[0047] 120. Cover plate layer; 121. First through hole;

[0048] 130. Sealing layer; 131. Second through hole;

[0049] 140. Busbar components;

[0050] 141. Positive busbar; 1411. Positive external terminal;

[0051] 142. Negative busbar; 1421. External negative terminal;

[0052] 150. Controller;

[0053] 200. Power generation equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0056] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0059] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0060] In this application, "multiple" means two or more, including two.

[0061] It should be noted that, considering the safety of solar cells, an outer frame is usually installed around the perimeter of the solar cell. To avoid interference between the outer frame and the controller and to ensure effective encapsulation of the solar cell, the controller needs to be adjusted inward in both the length and width directions of the solar cell. At the same time, in order to achieve electrical connection between the controller and the combiner assembly, the position of the combiner assembly also needs to be adjusted accordingly, moving the combiner assembly inward into the solar cell.

[0062] However, due to the height of the combiner module, when the combiner module is adjusted into the interior of the solar cell, the combiner module will exert a certain stress on the sub-cells in the solar cell during the solar cell lamination process. This will cause the yellowing problem to appear in this area first during the aging process of the solar cell, affecting the service life of the solar cell.

[0063] In the prior art, in order to solve the aforementioned yellowing problem, all the sub-cells below the combiner module are usually removed, resulting in a much larger area of ​​film removal below the combiner module, reducing the effective power generation area of ​​the solar cell, and thus affecting the performance of the solar cell.

[0064] Therefore, in combination Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, this application embodiment provides a solar cell 100, which includes a sealing layer 130 disposed on the side of the cover layer 120 away from the substrate layer 110. A second through hole 131 on the sealing layer 130 is positioned such that its center is located on the side of the center of the first through hole 121 away from the edge of the substrate layer 110. This arrangement ensures that the second through hole 131 is close to the center of the solar cell 100 relative to the first through hole 121. Thus, when the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 are used together to lead the current collector 140 to the solar cell, the solar cell 100 can be connected to the solar cell. When the solar cell 100 is located outside the solar cell 100, the external terminal of the current collector 140 can be positioned close to the interior of the solar cell 100 in both the length and width directions without increasing the sub-cell clearing area below the current collector 140. This allows the controller 150, which is electrically connected to the current collector 140, to be positioned away from the edge of the substrate 110, thus avoiding interference between the controller 150 and the outer frame of the solar cell 100. In this way, the encapsulation difficulty of the solar cell 100 can be reduced and the working performance of the solar cell 100 can be improved without increasing the sub-cell clearing area below the current collector 140.

[0065] This application also provides a power generation device 200 using the solar cell 100 of this application. The solar cell 100 directly converts light energy into electrical energy through photoelectric effect or photochemical effect. The power generation device 200 can effectively store electrical energy and release it to supply the power system when needed.

[0066] For example, the power generation device 200 can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide it to relevant users or electrical devices 1000 during peak hours.

[0067] This application embodiment also provides an electrical device 1000, which includes the solar cell 100 or the power generation device 200 of this application, so as to provide electrical energy to the electrical device 1000 by means of the solar cell 100 or the power generation device 200, thereby ensuring the working performance of the electrical device 1000 to a certain extent.

[0068] The electrical device 1000 mentioned here can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.

[0069] The solar cell 100 according to an embodiment of this application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, the solar cell 100 in this embodiment includes a substrate layer 110, a plurality of sub-cells, a cover layer 120, and a sealing layer 130.

[0071] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120 are arranged opposite to each other in a first direction. Multiple sub-cells are disposed between the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120. The cover layer 120 has a first through hole 121 for leading the current collector assembly 140 out from inside the solar cell 100. It should be noted that the "first direction" mentioned here can be understood as... Figure 3 In the Z direction shown, by setting the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120 to be arranged opposite each other in the first direction, and placing multiple sub-cells between the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120, the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120 are used to encapsulate multiple sub-cells, thereby protecting multiple sub-cells and preventing them from being corroded by moisture to a certain extent. This helps to ensure the water and oxygen barrier capability of the solar cell 100 and extend the service life of the solar cell 100.

[0072] Meanwhile, by providing a first through hole 121 on the cover plate layer 120 and configuring the first through hole 121 for leading out the busbar assembly 140 from inside the solar cell 100, the difficulty of leading out the busbar assembly 140 is reduced.

[0073] In some embodiments, the busbar assembly 140 is electrically connected to multiple sub-cells respectively, so that when the busbar assembly 140 is drawn out from inside the solar cell 100, the current of multiple sub-cells can be drawn out by the busbar assembly 140, reducing the difficulty of using the solar cell 100.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, the sealing layer 130 is disposed on one side of the back-ion battery of the cover layer 120. The sealing layer 130 and the first through hole 121 are disposed opposite to each other in the first direction. The sealing layer 130 includes a second through hole 131. The center of the second through hole 131 is located on the side of the center of the first through hole 121 away from the edge of the substrate layer 110. The second through hole 131 is used to lead the busbar assembly 140 to the outside of the solar cell 100. It can also be understood that the sealing layer 130, the cover layer 120 and the substrate layer 110 are arranged sequentially in the first direction.

[0075] Specifically, by setting the sealing layer 130 to be opposite to the first through hole 121 in the first direction, the sealing layer 130 can cover the first through hole 121, thereby achieving the purpose of sealing the first through hole 121 with the sealing layer 130, reducing the difficulty of sealing the first through hole 121, and improving the sealing effect of the first through hole 121. This also prevents moisture from entering between the base layer 110 and the cover layer 120 through the first through hole 121 to a certain extent, thereby preventing the sub-battery from being corroded by moisture.

[0076] Meanwhile, by setting the second through hole 131 to lead the busbar assembly 140 out to the outside of the solar cell 100, the busbar assembly 140 can be led out from the inside of the solar cell 100, thereby further reducing the difficulty of leading out the busbar assembly 140.

[0077] It is worth noting that in this application, the center of the second through hole 131 is located on the side of the center of the first through hole 121 away from the edge of the substrate layer 110. This allows the second through hole 131 to be positioned closer to the center of the solar cell 100 relative to the first through hole 121. In this way, when the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 are used to lead the busbar assembly 140 to the outside of the solar cell 100, the external end of the busbar assembly 140 can be positioned close to the interior of the solar cell 100 in both the length and width directions without increasing the sub-cell clearing area below the busbar assembly 140. This also allows the controller 150, which is electrically connected to the busbar assembly 140, to be positioned away from the edge of the substrate layer 110, avoiding interference between the controller 150 and the outer frame of the solar cell 100. As a result, the encapsulation difficulty of the solar cell 100 is reduced and the working performance of the solar cell 100 is improved without increasing the sub-cell clearing area below the busbar assembly 140.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the combiner assembly 140 is disposed adjacent to the edge of the substrate layer 110, and the external terminals of the combiner assembly 140 extend out of the sealing layer 130 through the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131, respectively. By disposing the combiner assembly 140 adjacent to the edge of the substrate layer 110, the clearing area of ​​the substrate layer 110 below the combiner assembly 140 can be reduced, which helps to reduce the clearing area of ​​the sub-cells, ensure the effective power generation area of ​​the solar cell 100, and thus improve the performance of the solar cell 100.

[0079] In other words, by changing the lead-out method of the external terminal of the current collector 140, the solar cell 100 of this application can reduce the encapsulation difficulty of the solar cell 100 without increasing the sub-cell clearing area below the current collector 140, thereby improving the working performance of the solar cell 100.

[0080] It should be noted that the center of the second through hole 131 is located on the side of the center of the first through hole 121 away from the edge of the base layer 110. When the radius of at least one of the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 is greater than the distance between the center of the second through hole 131 and the center of the first through hole 121, the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 overlap in the first direction. When the radius of the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 is less than the distance between the center of the second through hole 131 and the center of the first through hole 121, the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 are arranged relatively spaced apart in the radial direction of the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131.

[0081] In other words, in this application, the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 may partially overlap in the first direction, and the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 may also be arranged relatively spaced in their own radial direction. This application does not impose any specific restrictions.

[0082] As can be seen from the above structure, the solar cell 100 of this application encapsulates multiple sub-cells by placing them between the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120, thereby preventing the sub-cells from being corroded by moisture, which helps to ensure the water and oxygen barrier capability of the solar cell 100 and extend the service life of the solar cell 100.

[0083] Meanwhile, by setting a sealing layer 130 and setting the center of the second through hole 131 on the sealing layer 130 to be located on the side away from the edge of the base layer 110 from the center of the first through hole 121, when the external end of the busbar assembly 140 extends out of the sealing layer 130 through the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 respectively, the lead-out method of the busbar assembly 140 can be changed. This reduces the encapsulation difficulty of the solar cell 100 without increasing the sub-cell clearing area below the busbar assembly 140, thereby improving the working performance of the solar cell 100.

[0084] Understandably, compared to the prior art, this application reduces the encapsulation difficulty of the solar cell 100 by changing the lead-out method of the combiner module 140, without increasing the sub-cell clearing area below the combiner module 140, thereby improving the working performance of the solar cell 100.

[0085] Optionally, the first through hole 121 is formed as a round hole, a square hole, or an elliptical hole.

[0086] In a specific example, the first through hole 121 is formed as a circular hole to reduce the difficulty of forming the first through hole 121.

[0087] Optionally, the second through hole 131 is formed as a round hole, a square hole, or an elliptical hole.

[0088] In a specific example, the second through hole 131 is formed as a circular hole to reduce the difficulty of forming the second through hole 131.

[0089] Optionally, both the base layer 110 and the cover layer 120 are formed as glass layers, and the glass can be any one of ultra-clear glass, tempered glass, stainless steel, titanium foil, polyethylene terephthalate, or polyethylene naphthalate.

[0090] In some embodiments, encapsulating adhesive is provided around the base layer 110 and the cover layer 120, and a sealed space is formed between the encapsulating adhesive, the base layer 110 and the cover layer 120, and a plurality of sub-cells are disposed within the sealed space.

[0091] Optionally, the encapsulating adhesive is butyl rubber strip.

[0092] In some embodiments, the width of the butyl rubber strip is greater than 10 mm to ensure the working performance of the butyl rubber strip to a certain extent.

[0093] The sub-cell mentioned here can be understood as a perovskite cell. A perovskite cell includes a transparent conductive substrate, an electron transport layer, a perovskite light-absorbing layer, a hole transport layer, and a metal electrode. These components work together to enable the sub-cell to effectively absorb sunlight and convert it into electrical energy, thereby ensuring the performance of the solar cell 100.

[0094] Optionally, the transparent conductive substrate includes, but is not limited to, the following materials: FTO (Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide), ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), AZO (Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide), BZO (Boron Doped Zinc Oxide), or IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), etc.

[0095] In some embodiments, the transparent conductive substrate is a transparent conductive glass substrate.

[0096] Optionally, the electron transport layer is made of at least one of the following materials and their derivatives or doped and passivated materials: methyl [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyrate (PC61BM), methyl [6,6]-phenyl C71 butyrate (PC71BM), fullerenes and their derivatives, as well as tin dioxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), etc.

[0097] Optionally, the perovskite light-absorbing layer can be understood as a peptide-modified perovskite light-absorbing layer. The peptide-modified perovskite light-absorbing layer has the chemical formula ABX3 and is doped, where A is a monovalent cation with a large radius, including organic or inorganic or mixed organic-inorganic cations, including but not limited to the following materials: methylamino (CH3NH3+), formamidinyl (HC(NH2)2+), cesium ion (Cs+) and rubidium (Rb+), etc.; B is a divalent metal cation with a small radius, including but not limited to the following materials: divalent metal cations such as Pb2+, Sn2+, etc.; X is a monovalent anion, including but not limited to the following materials: (chloride ion) Cl-, (bromine ion) Br-, (iodide ion) I-, etc.

[0098] Optionally, the perovskite light-absorbing layer has a band gap of 1.20-2.30 eV and a thickness of 400 nm-1000 nm.

[0099] Optionally, the hole transport layer is nickel oxide, poly(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine (PTAA), or polyethylenedioxythiophene-polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), and the preparation methods include, but are not limited to, magnetron sputtering, atomic deposition, spin coating, etc.

[0100] In some embodiments, the metal electrode may be replaced with a transparent conductive electrode, wherein the electrode material may be an organic, inorganic or organic-inorganic mixed conductive material, including but not limited to the following materials: silver (Ag), copper (Cu), graphite electrode, gold (Au), aluminum (Al), indium tin oxide (ITO), azo compound (AZO), hydrogen peroxide (BZO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), etc.

[0101] In some embodiments, the perovskite solar cell further includes a lower passivation layer, which is a self-assembled molecule with π-π conjugation and one end anchorable to the perovskite substrate, including 3-triethoxysilylpropionitrile, 2-aminothiazolyl-4-acetic acid, 1-hydroxy-4-carbonylbenzene, etc.

[0102] In some embodiments, the perovskite solar cell further includes an upper passivation layer, which is a small molecule additive including piperazine, N-methyl-1,3-propanediammonium diiodide, 3-aminopyridine, ferrocene, etc.

[0103] In some embodiments, the perovskite solar cell further includes a barrier layer, which is indium tungsten oxide (IWO), indium tin oxide (ITO), copper bath (BCP), zirconium acetylacetonate, etc., deposited by means of vapor deposition or reactive ion plating.

[0104] In a specific example, during the encapsulation process of solar cell 100, multiple sub-cells are first placed on substrate layer 110. Then, the edges of the multiple sub-cells are cleaned. The cleaning process requires removing a certain area of ​​sub-cells around substrate layer 110 to lay edge encapsulation adhesive. An additional area of ​​sub-cells is removed from the edge adjacent to substrate layer 110 to install busbar assembly 140, so as to avoid the problem of yellowing of appearance to a certain extent.

[0105] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second through hole 131 and the first through hole 121 are spaced apart in a second direction, and the second direction intersects the first direction. It should be noted that the second direction mentioned here can be understood as... Figure 3 As shown in the X direction, the above-mentioned arrangement facilitates the placement of the second through hole 131 close to the center of the solar cell 100. This allows the controller 150, which is electrically connected to the busbar assembly 140, to be positioned away from the edge of the substrate layer 110 when the busbar assembly 140 is led out to the outside of the solar cell 100 through the second through hole 131, without changing the sub-cell clearing area below the busbar assembly 140. This avoids interference between the controller 150 and the outer frame of the solar cell 100 during the encapsulation of the solar cell 100, thereby reducing the encapsulation difficulty of the solar cell 100 without increasing the sub-cell clearing area.

[0106] In some embodiments, in the second direction, the first through hole 121 is located between the second through hole 131 and the edge of the base layer 110, such that the second through hole 131 is located on the side of the first through hole 121 away from the edge of the base layer 110.

[0107] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the second through hole 131 and the first through hole 121 is 9mm-30mm. When the minimum distance between the second through hole 131 and the first through hole 121 is small, it is not advantageous to position the second through hole 131 closer to the center of the solar cell 100 relative to the first through hole 121; when the minimum distance between the second through hole 131 and the first through hole 121 is large, it increases the size of the sealing layer 130 and increases the manufacturing cost of the sealing layer 130.

[0108] Based on this, the minimum distance between the second through hole 131 and the first through hole 121 is set to 9mm-30mm. While setting the second through hole 131 to be closer to the center of the solar cell 100 relative to the first through hole 121, the manufacturing cost of the sealing layer 130 can also be reduced.

[0109] In specific examples, the minimum distance between the second through hole 131 and the first through hole 121 is 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, 20mm, 21mm, 22mm, 23mm, 24mm, 25mm, 26mm, 27mm, 28mm, 29mm, or 30mm, etc.

[0110] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the edges of the first through hole 121 and the sealing layer 130 ranges from 5mm to 10mm. When the minimum distance between the edges of the first through hole 121 and the sealing layer 130 is small, it affects the sealing effect of the sealing layer 130 on the first through hole 121, posing a risk of moisture entering the sub-cell through the first through hole 121. When the minimum distance between the edges of the first through hole 121 and the sealing layer 130 is large, it increases the manufacturing cost of the sealing layer 130.

[0111] Based on this, the minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the edge of the sealing layer 130 is set to 5mm-10mm. This allows the sealing layer 130 to effectively seal the first through hole 121 while also reducing the manufacturing cost of the sealing layer 130.

[0112] In a specific example, the minimum spacing between the edges of the first through hole 121 and the sealing layer 130 is 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, or 10mm, etc.

[0113] Optionally, the maximum distance between any two points of the first through hole 121 can be in the range of 5mm-10mm. When the maximum distance between any two points of the first through hole 121 is small, it increases the difficulty of forming the first through hole 121 and also increases the difficulty of leading out the current collector assembly 140. When the maximum distance between any two points of the first through hole 121 is large, it easily leads to a closer minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the sub-cell, and a closer minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the edge of the sealing layer 130.

[0114] Based on this, this application sets the maximum distance between any two points of the first through hole 121 to a range of 5mm-10mm. This reduces the difficulty of forming the first through hole 121 and the difficulty of leading out the busbar assembly 140, while also ensuring that the minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the sub-battery in the second direction, as well as the minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the edge of the sealing layer 130 in the second direction, are within a suitable range.

[0115] In a specific example, the maximum distance between any two points of the first through hole 121 is 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, or 10mm, etc.

[0116] It should be noted that when the first through hole 121 is formed as a circular hole, the maximum distance between any two points of the first through hole 121 can be understood as the diameter of the first through hole 121.

[0117] In some embodiments, the thickness of the sealing layer 130 in the first direction ranges from 1.5 mm to 3.5 mm. When the thickness of the sealing layer 130 in the first direction is small, it will reduce the structural strength of the cover layer 120 and affect the performance of the sealing layer 130; when the thickness of the sealing layer 130 in the first direction is large, it will increase the manufacturing cost of the sealing layer 130.

[0118] Based on this, the thickness of the sealing layer 130 in the first direction is set to be between 1.5mm and 3.5mm, which can improve the structural strength of the sealing layer 130 while reducing the manufacturing cost of the sealing layer 130.

[0119] In a specific example, the thickness of the sealing layer 130 in the first direction is 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, or 3.5mm, etc.

[0120] In some embodiments, the thickness of the cover layer 120 in the first direction ranges from 1.5 mm to 5 mm. When the thickness of the cover layer 120 in the first direction is small, the structural strength of the cover layer 120 may be reduced, affecting the performance of the cover layer 120; when the thickness of the cover layer 120 in the first direction is large, the manufacturing cost of the cover layer 120 will increase.

[0121] Based on this, the thickness of the cover layer 120 in the first direction is set to a range of 1.5mm-5mm, which can improve the structural strength of the cover layer 120 while reducing the manufacturing cost of the cover layer 120.

[0122] In a specific example, the thickness of the cover layer 120 in the first direction is 1.5mm, 2mm, 3mm, 3.2mm, 4mm or 5mm, etc.

[0123] In some embodiments, the second through hole 131 is filled with a first sealant, and a second sealant is provided between the sealing layer 130 and the cover layer 120. By filling the second through hole 131 with the first sealant, the second through hole 131 can be sealed. This ensures that the external terminal of the combiner assembly 140 can be stably positioned within the second through hole 131 for electrical connection with the controller 150, while also preventing moisture from entering the solar cell 100 through the second through hole 131, thereby preventing the sub-cells from being corroded by moisture and extending the lifespan of the solar cell 100.

[0124] Meanwhile, by setting a second sealant between the sealing layer 130 and the cover layer 120, the sealing layer 130 and the cover layer 120 can be fixed and insulated together. On the one hand, this prevents water vapor from entering the solar cell 100 through the sealing layer 130 and the cover layer 120. On the other hand, it also allows the sealing layer 130 to be stably set on the cover layer 120, thereby improving the working performance of the sealing layer 130.

[0125] Optionally, the first sealant and the second sealant are formed as butyl rubber.

[0126] In some embodiments, a butyl rubber gasket is used to plug the first through hole 121, and butyl rubber is applied to the edge of the opening of the first through hole 121 to seal the first through hole 121. This ensures that the external terminal of the busbar assembly 140 can be stably installed in the first through hole 121, while also preventing moisture from entering the solar cell 100 through the first through hole 121, thereby preventing the sub-cell from being corroded by moisture and extending the service life of the solar cell 100.

[0127] In a specific example, a piece of tempered glass with an opening of the same size is covered on the surface of the base layer 110 as a cover layer 120. The base layer 110 and the cover layer 120 are fitted as neatly as possible to avoid breakage during lamination. The external end of the bus assembly 140 is led out from the first through hole 121 of the cover layer 120. The first through hole 121 is plugged with a butyl rubber gasket. Then, a ring of butyl rubber is applied to the edge of the opening of the first through hole 121. After the plugging is completed, the external end of the bus assembly 140 is bent vertically to the side away from the edge of the base layer 110 and led out through the second through hole 131 on the sealing layer 130. A butyl rubber gasket is placed at the second through hole 131 for secondary plugging.

[0128] In some embodiments, during the assembly of the solar cell 100, the solar cell 100 can be placed in a laminator, and the parameters of the laminator can be set to complete the lamination operation.

[0129] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, the current collector 140 is located between the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120. The current collector 140 is electrically connected to multiple sub-cells, and its external terminals extend out of the sealing layer 130 through the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131. By positioning the current collector 140 between the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120, it is placed close to the multiple sub-cells, allowing it to be electrically connected to each sub-cell individually. This reduces the difficulty of connecting the current collector 140 to the multiple sub-cells. Furthermore, when the external terminals of the current collector 140 extend out of the sealing layer 130 through the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131, it is easy to draw current from the multiple sub-cells using the current collector 140, thereby reducing the difficulty of using the solar cell 100.

[0130] In some embodiments, a sealing tape is provided between the combiner assembly 140 and the substrate 110. The sealing tape is used to achieve an insulating fit between the combiner assembly 140 and the substrate 110, so as to a certain extent avoid the combiner assembly 140 directly connecting to the uncleaned sub-cells on the substrate 110 due to incomplete removal of sub-cells, thereby improving the working performance of the solar cell 100.

[0131] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the substrate layer 110 has a first region 111 and a second region 112 on the side facing the cover layer 120. The first region 111 and the second region 112 are arranged sequentially along a second direction. The sub-cell is located in the first region 111, and the busbar assembly 140 is located in the second region 112. The second direction intersects with the first direction. This can be understood as the substrate layer 110 having a region for the busbar assembly 140 and a region for the sub-cell. The first region 111 and the second region 112 are arranged sequentially along the second direction. This arrangement allows the busbar assembly 140 to be placed close to the sub-cell while avoiding the sub-cell being located below the busbar assembly 140, thus preventing yellowing of the solar cell 100 during aging to a certain extent.

[0132] In some embodiments, the solar cell 100 further includes a conductive film layer disposed on the inner periphery of the encapsulating adhesive. The conductive film layer is used to seal multiple sub-cells. The conductive film layer may be made of TPO (Thermoplastic Polyolefin), POE (Polyolefin elastomer), EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate), PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral), or TPU (Thermoplastic Urethanes).

[0133] In some embodiments, the width of the second region 112 in the second direction ranges from 20mm to 35mm. When the width of the second region 112 in the second direction is small, it increases the installation difficulty of the combiner assembly 140 and poses a risk of direct electrical connection between the combiner assembly 140 and the sub-cells, thus reducing the performance of the solar cell 100. When the width of the second region 112 in the second direction is large, a larger number of sub-cells need to be removed, reducing the effective power generation area of ​​the solar cell 100, thereby reducing the performance of the solar cell 100.

[0134] Based on this, the width of the second region 112 in the second direction is set to be 20mm-35mm. This reduces the installation difficulty of the combiner module 140, avoids direct electrical connection between the combiner module 140 and the sub-cells, and also avoids the removal of a large number of sub-cells. This ensures the effective power generation area of ​​the solar cell 100 to a certain extent and improves the performance of the solar cell 100.

[0135] In a specific example, the width of the second region 112 in the second direction is 20mm, 21mm, 22mm, 23mm, 24mm, 25mm, 26mm, 27mm, 28mm, 29mm, 30mm, 31mm, 32mm, 33mm, 34mm or 35mm, etc.

[0136] In some embodiments, the first through hole 121 is directly opposite the second region 112. This allows the first through hole 121 to be positioned directly opposite the busbar assembly 140, thereby enabling the external terminals of the busbar assembly 140 to be led out through the first through hole 121 of the cover plate layer 120, reducing the difficulty of external connection of the busbar assembly 140.

[0137] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the first region 111 in the second direction is 1mm-2mm. When the minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the first region 111 in the second direction is small, the distance between the busbar assembly 140 and the sub-cell can be reduced, posing a risk of direct electrical connection between the busbar assembly 140 and the sub-cell, thus reducing the performance of the solar cell 100. When the minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the sub-cell in the second direction is large, a larger number of sub-cells need to be removed, reducing the effective power generation area of ​​the solar cell 100, thereby reducing the performance of the solar cell 100.

[0138] Based on this, the minimum spacing between the first through hole 121 and the first region 111 in the second direction is set to 1mm-2mm. This avoids direct electrical connection between the current collector 140 and the sub-cells, and also avoids clearing a large number of sub-cells, thereby ensuring the effective power generation area of ​​the solar cell 100 to a certain extent and improving the performance of the solar cell 100.

[0139] In a specific example, the minimum spacing between the first through hole 121 and the first region 111 in the second direction is 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2mm, etc.

[0140] In summary, the minimum distance between the edges of the first through hole 121 and the sealing layer 130 in the second direction ranges from 5mm to 10mm, the thickness of the cover layer 120 in the first direction ranges from 1.5mm to 5mm, the diameter of the first through hole 121 is 5mm to 10mm, and the minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the first region 111 in the second direction is 1mm to 2mm. During water vapor intrusion, the shortest intrusion path is to first penetrate the first through hole 121 through the gap between the sealing layer 130 and the cover layer 120 (since the minimum distance between the edges of the first through hole 121 and the sealing layer 130 in the second direction ranges from 5mm to 10mm, the shortest path distance for water vapor to penetrate the first through hole 121 through the gap between the sealing layer 130 and the cover layer 120 is 5mm to 10mm), and then through the first through hole 121... 1. The water vapor penetrates between the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120 (since the thickness of the cover layer 120 in the first direction ranges from 1.5mm to 5mm, the shortest path distance for water vapor to penetrate between the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120 through the first through hole 121 is 1.5mm to 5mm). Finally, it flows towards the sub-cells on the first region 111 between the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120 (since the diameter of the first through hole 121 is 5mm to 10mm and the minimum distance between the first through hole 121 and the first region 111 in the second direction is 1mm to 2mm, the shortest path distance for water vapor to flow towards the sub-cells on the conductive film layer between the substrate layer 110 and the cover layer 120 is 6mm to 12mm). This results in the shortest path distance for water vapor to penetrate towards the conductive film layer through the outer periphery of the sealing layer 130 being 12.5mm to 27mm.

[0141] In other words, the above-mentioned settings enable the shortest water vapor intrusion distance of the solar cell 100 of this application to be 12.5mm-27mm, which is much greater than the minimum shortest intrusion distance (10mm) limited by existing butyl rubber. This allows the application to effectively prevent the sub-cells from being corroded by water vapor, which is beneficial to ensuring the water and oxygen barrier capability of the solar cell 100 and extending the service life of the solar cell 100.

[0142] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the busbar assembly 140 includes a positive busbar 141 and a negative busbar 142, which are arranged alternately. The positive terminal 1411 of the positive busbar 141 extends out of the sealing layer 130 through the second through hole 131, and the negative terminal 1421 of the negative busbar 142 extends out of the sealing layer 130 through the second through hole 131. By extending the positive terminal 1411 of the positive busbar 141 and the negative terminal 1421 of the negative busbar 142 through the second through hole 131 into the sealing layer 130, the external terminals of the busbar assembly 140 are extended out of the sealing layer 130, facilitating the extraction of current from multiple sub-cells using the busbar assembly 140 and reducing the difficulty of using the solar cell 100.

[0143] Therefore, the external terminals of the aforementioned busbar assembly 140 can be understood to include the positive external terminal 1411 and the negative busbar 142.

[0144] Meanwhile, by arranging the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 alternately, contact between the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 can be avoided, thereby improving the safety of the solar cell 100.

[0145] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 are arranged alternately in a third direction, and the third direction forms an angle with the first direction and the second direction, respectively. This achieves the alternate arrangement of the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142.

[0146] The third party mentioned here can be understood as... Figure 3 The Y direction is shown in the diagram.

[0147] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, the first through hole 121 corresponding to the positive bus 141 and the first through hole 121 corresponding to the negative bus 142 are spaced apart. This can be understood as the cover plate layer 120 having at least two first through holes 121, one corresponding to the positive bus 141 and the other to the negative bus 142. By spaced out the first through holes 121 corresponding to the positive bus 141 and the negative bus 142, the positive and negative bus 141 can be spaced apart, thus avoiding direct electrical connection between them and improving the working performance and safety of the bus assembly 140.

[0148] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second through hole 131 corresponding to the positive external terminal 1411 and the second through hole 131 corresponding to the negative external terminal 1421 are spaced apart. This further allows the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 to be spaced apart, thereby avoiding direct electrical connection between the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 to a certain extent, and improving the working performance and safety of the busbar assembly 140.

[0149] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first through hole 121 corresponding to the positive busbar 141 and the first through hole 121 corresponding to the negative busbar 142 are arranged opposite each other in the third direction. On the one hand, this reduces the molding difficulty of multiple first through holes 121. On the other hand, because the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 are arranged at intervals in the third direction, the difficulty of matching the first through hole 121 with the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 is reduced, so that the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 can pass through the corresponding first through hole 121 respectively, which facilitates the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 to extend out of the sealing layer 130.

[0150] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first through hole 121 corresponding to the positive busbar 141 and the first through hole 121 corresponding to the negative busbar 142 are spaced apart in the third direction.

[0151] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the second through hole 131 corresponding to the positive busbar 141 and the second through hole 131 corresponding to the negative busbar 142 are arranged opposite each other in the third direction. On the one hand, this reduces the molding difficulty of multiple first through holes 121, and on the other hand, because the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142 are arranged at intervals in the third direction, it reduces the difficulty of fitting the second through hole 131 with the positive busbar 141 and the negative busbar 142.

[0152] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second through hole 131 corresponding to the positive busbar 141 and the second through hole 131 corresponding to the negative busbar 142 are spaced apart in the third direction.

[0153] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first through hole 121 corresponding to the positive busbar 141 and the second through hole 131 corresponding to the positive external terminal 1411 are arranged facing each other in the second direction. This allows the positive external terminal 1411 of the positive busbar 141 to extend out of the sealing layer 130 through the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 respectively, reducing the difficulty of leading out the positive busbar 141.

[0154] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first through hole 121 corresponding to the negative busbar 142 and the second through hole 131 corresponding to the negative external terminal 1421 are arranged facing each other in the second direction, so that the negative external terminal 1421 of the negative busbar 142 can pass through the first through hole 121 and the second through hole 131 respectively to extend out of the sealing layer 130, thereby reducing the difficulty of leading out the negative busbar 142.

[0155] Of course, in some other embodiments, the first through hole 121 corresponding to the positive busbar 141 and the second through hole 131 corresponding to the positive external terminal 1411 may not be directly opposite each other in the second direction.

[0156] Correspondingly, in the second direction, the first through hole 121 corresponding to the negative busbar 142 and the second through hole 131 corresponding to the negative external terminal 1421 may not be directly opposite each other, and this application does not impose specific restrictions.

[0157] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the solar cell 100 also includes a controller 150, which is located on the side of the sealing layer 130 away from the cover layer 120. The busbar assembly 140 is electrically connected to the controller 150. This can be understood as the positive terminal 1411 of the positive busbar 141 and the negative terminal 1421 of the negative busbar 142 being electrically connected to the controller 150 to facilitate the extraction of current from multiple sub-cells, reducing the difficulty of extracting current from multiple sub-cells and ensuring the performance of the solar cell 100 to a certain extent.

[0158] The controller 150 mentioned here can be understood as a junction box.

[0159] In some embodiments, the controller 150 is provided with a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The positive terminal 1411 of the positive bus 141 is welded to the corresponding positive terminal of the controller 150, and the negative terminal 1421 of the negative bus 142 is welded to the corresponding negative terminal of the controller 150, so as to draw out the current of multiple sub-cells.

[0160] In some embodiments, the controller 150 is filled with silicone gel. A glue gun is used to inject a 1:1 mixture of silicone gel into the controller 150. After the glue has completely cured, the top cover of the controller 150 can be attached to form a complete controller 150.

[0161] The power generation device 200 of this application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0162] like Figure 2 As shown, the power generation device 200 of this application embodiment includes the solar cell 100 of the above embodiment.

[0163] Since the solar cell 100 of this application embodiment has the above-mentioned technical effects, the power generation device 200 of this application embodiment also has the above-mentioned technical effects, that is, by adopting the solar cell 100 of this application, the working performance of the power generation device 200 can be improved.

[0164] The electrical device 1000 of this application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0165] like Figure 1 As shown, the power-consuming device 1000 of this application embodiment includes the solar cell 100 of the above embodiment or the power generation device 200 of the above embodiment.

[0166] Since the solar cell 100 and the power generation device 200 of the present application have the above-mentioned technical effects, the power consumption device 1000 of the present application also has the above-mentioned technical effects. That is, by adopting the solar cell 100 or the power generation device 200 of the present application, the working performance of the power consumption device 1000 can be improved.

[0167] It is understood that other configurations and operations of the solar cell 100, power generation device 200, and power consumption device 1000 according to the embodiments of this application are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0168] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0169] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that, include: A substrate layer (110), a plurality of sub-cells, and a cover layer (120) are provided, wherein the substrate layer (110) and the cover layer (120) are disposed opposite to each other in a first direction, the plurality of sub-cells are disposed between the substrate layer (110) and the cover layer (120), and the cover layer (120) is provided with a first through hole (121) for leading out a current collector assembly (140) from inside the solar cell; and A sealing layer (130) is disposed on the side of the cover layer (120) away from the sub-cell. The sealing layer (130) and the first through hole (121) are disposed opposite each other in the first direction. The sealing layer (130) includes a second through hole (131). The center of the second through hole (131) is located on the side of the center of the first through hole (121) away from the edge of the substrate layer (110). The second through hole (131) is used to lead the busbar assembly (140) to the outside of the solar cell.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second through hole (131) and the first through hole (121) are spaced apart in a second direction, and the second direction intersects the first direction.

3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the second through hole (131) and the first through hole (121) is 9mm-30mm.

4. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the edges of the first through hole (121) and the sealing layer (130) ranges from 5mm to 10mm; and / or, The maximum distance between any two points of the first through hole (121) is between 5mm and 10mm.

5. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the sealing layer (130) in the first direction ranges from 1.5mm to 3.5mm; and / or, The thickness of the cover plate layer (120) in the first direction ranges from 1.5mm to 5mm.

6. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second through hole (131) is filled with a first sealant, and a second sealant is provided between the sealing layer (130) and the cover plate layer (120).

7. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The busbar assembly (140) is located between the base layer (110) and the cover layer (120). The busbar assembly (140) is electrically connected to the plurality of sub-batteries respectively. The external terminals of the busbar assembly (140) extend out of the sealing layer (130) through the first through hole (121) and the second through hole (131) respectively.

8. The solar cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The base layer (110) has a first region (111) and a second region (112) on the side facing the cover layer (120). The first region (111) and the second region (112) are arranged sequentially along a second direction. The sub-battery is disposed in the first region (111), and the busbar assembly (140) is disposed in the second region (112). The second direction intersects with the first direction.

9. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first through hole (121) is directly opposite the second region (112).

10. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the second direction, the minimum distance between the first through hole (121) and the first region (111) is 1mm-2mm.

11. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The bus assembly (140) includes a positive busbar (141) and a negative busbar (142), which are arranged at intervals. The positive terminal (1411) of the positive busbar (141) extends out of the sealing layer (130) through the second through hole (131), and the negative terminal (1421) of the negative busbar (142) extends out of the sealing layer (130) through the second through hole (131).

12. The solar cell according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first through hole (121) corresponding to the positive busbar (141) and the first through hole (121) corresponding to the negative busbar (142) are spaced apart; and / or, The second through hole (131) corresponding to the positive external terminal (1411) and the second through hole (131) corresponding to the negative external terminal (1421) are arranged at intervals.

13. The solar cell according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first through hole (121) corresponding to the positive busbar (141) and the second through hole (131) corresponding to the positive external terminal (1411) are arranged facing each other in the second direction; and / or, The first through hole (121) corresponding to the negative busbar (142) and the second through hole (131) corresponding to the negative external terminal (1421) are arranged facing each other in a second direction, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

14. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, It also includes a controller (150), which is located on the side of the sealing layer (130) away from the cover layer (120), and the busbar assembly (140) is electrically connected to the controller (150).

15. A power generation device, characterized in that, Includes the solar cell according to any one of claims 1-14.

16. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the solar cell according to any one of claims 1-14 or the power generation device according to claim 15.

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