Quick assembling and disassembling clamp facilitating superfine deep hole machining of superhard product

Abstract

The utility model provides a quick assembly and disassembly clamp convenient for processing a superfine deep hole of a superhard product, which comprises a base (1), a grip (2), an ejector rod seat (3), a V-shaped block (4), an M8 hexagon socket screw (5), an ejector rod (6), a pressure spring (7) and a positioning block (8), the V-shaped block (4) and the ejector rod seat (3) are both mounted on the surface of the base (1), and the bottoms of the V-shaped block (4) and the ejector rod seat (3) are fastened by the hexagon socket screw (5); a pressure spring (7) is sleeved outside the middle part of the ejector rod (6), and the ejector rod (6) penetrates through the ejector rod seat (3) and is screwed and fastened with the grip (2); a standard gauge block or a self-made non-standard cushion block is embedded between the positioning block (8) and the end face of the workpiece. The self-centering rapid assembling and disassembling clamp can be repeatedly positioned in the horizontal direction and vertically positioned in the orthogonal direction, has the advantages of being rapid in centering and replacing, accurate in positioning, capable of saving time, good in stability and the like, is convenient and fast to operate, high in reliability and wide in application range, and has good practicability and economical efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of machining, and relates to a quick mounting and demounting clamp suitable for electric spark puncher equipment and facilitating superhard material workpiece superdeep small hole machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the die industry, the precision and surface quality of progressive die and other automatic continuous stamping equipment are required to be higher and higher. In order to prevent the material from colliding during the stamping process, the punch often needs to be processed with a blind hole and a side hole or a deep small hole (length / hole diameter>3 times) for material retreat of a male die, such as a deep small hole of φ0.3x28, φ1x87, φ3x160, etc. It is extremely difficult to drill such deep small holes in superhard materials such as high-speed tool steel and powder metallurgy steel on a lathe. For example: 1. The drill rigidity is insufficient, and the inner hole roughness does not meet the standard; 2. The deep small hole drilling requires frequent chip removal, the labor intensity of the operator is high, and the processing cycle is long; 3. The drill is easy to break, the workpiece scrap is high, and the manufacturing cost is high. 4. The processing of deep small holes in superhard materials after heat treatment increases the processing difficulty.

[0003] Considering the production cost and quality control, such products are usually completed by electric spark punchers instead of lathes. Each time the workpiece is clamped by a general three-jaw chuck outside the electric spark puncher, and the outer diameter of the workpiece is aligned to ensure the coaxiality of the hole and the outer diameter. Since the chuck precision is uneven, and the clamping force needs to be controlled by a wrench, not only the straightness and position interchangeability of the workpiece machining hole are affected, but also the invalid action is increased, and the processing time is prolonged. When the side hole of the workpiece is processed, the clamp needs to be replaced, and the processing is re-aligned. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The technical problem of the utility model is:

[0005] Since the chuck precision is uneven, and the clamping force needs to be controlled by a wrench, not only the straightness and position interchangeability of the workpiece machining hole are affected, but also the invalid action is increased, and the processing time is prolonged. When the side hole of the workpiece is processed, the clamp needs to be replaced, and the processing is re-aligned.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is:

[0007] The utility model provides a quick mounting and demounting clamp convenient for superhard product super-thin deep hole machining, which comprises a base (1), a handle (2), a top rod seat (3), a V-shaped block (4), an M8 internal hexagonal bolt (5), a top rod (6), a compression spring (7), and a positioning block (8). The V-shaped block (4) and the top rod seat (3) are both installed on the surface of the base (1), and the bottom is fastened by the internal hexagonal screw (5). The top rod (6) is sleeved with the compression spring (7) in the middle, and is fastened with the handle (2) by rotating through the top rod seat (3). The positioning block (8) is configured to be embedded between the workpiece end face and a standard gauge block or a self-made non-standard spacer.

[0008] The self-centering quick mounting and dismounting clamp has the advantages that:

[0009] The self-centering quick mounting and dismounting clamp can realize horizontal direction repeated positioning, orthogonal direction vertical positioning and variable aperture, can replace a chuck and a magnetic suction disc, has the characteristics of quick centering, quick replacement, accurate positioning, time saving, good stability, convenient operation, high reliability and wide application range, and has good practicability and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the utility model will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the quick mounting and dismounting clamp convenient for super-hard product super-fine deep hole machining of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the ejector rod A of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the ejector rod B of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the ejector rod seat of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the positioning block of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the handle of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the compression spring of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 8 It is a schematic view of the puncher clamp of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 9 It is a schematic view of the V-shaped block A of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 10 It is a schematic view of the V-shaped block B of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 11It is a schematic view of the base of the utility model one embodiment.

[0022] Among them: base 1, handle 2, ejector rod seat 3, V block 4, M8 internal hexagonal bolt 5, ejector rod 6, compression spring 7, positioning block 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the utility model embodiment purposes, technical solutions and advantages more clearly, below, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the utility model embodiment. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the utility model embodiment, rather than all the embodiments. In the case of no conflict, the features of the utility model embodiment and the embodiment can be combined with each other, and each embodiment can be mutually referenced and quoted. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0024] The utility model is a kind of self-centering quick mounting and dismounting fixture suitable for electric spark piercing machine equipment, which can be horizontally repeated positioning, orthogonal direction vertical positioning and variable aperture, with the characteristics of quick centering, quick replacement, accurate positioning, time saving, good stability, convenient operation, high reliability, wide application range, good practicability and economy.

[0025] With reference to various drawings, the utility model fixture is composed of base 1, handle 2, ejector rod seat 3, V block A and V block B 4, M8 internal hexagonal bolt 5, ejector rod A and ejector rod B 6, compression spring 7 and positioning block 8. V block A and V block B 4 and ejector rod seat 3 are all installed on the surface of base 1, and the bottom is fastened by internal hexagonal screw 5. The middle part of ejector rod 6 is sleeved with compression spring 7, and passes through ejector rod seat 3 and handle 2 to be screwed and fastened. After assembly, the whole fixture is installed on the machine tool workbench. Load shaft workpiece, manually extend handle 2 to make it close to the 90° inclined surface in V block A and V block B 4, realize self-centering mounting of workpiece. Confirm that clamping is not loose, and start processing deep hole after excluding dangerous sources.

[0026] The fixture is bolted on the machine tool workbench according to the use position, to ensure the stability of the base and the safety in use. After V block A and V block B 4 are fastened with base 1 by screw, the whole is cut into 90° V groove, and automatic centering of workpiece in radial direction and perpendicular to horizontal plane can be realized during clamping. Ejector rod A and ejector rod B 6 are sleeved with compression spring 7, and are screwed and fastened with handle 2 through ejector rod seat 3 fastened on base 1. The screwing depth in handle 2 is adjusted to realize the extension and retraction amount of compression spring 7. At this time, for compression spring 7, ejector rod seat 3 exerts pressure on it; for workpiece, under the reaction force, compression spring 7 exerts jacking force on it and completes clamping together with V block A and V block B 4 (see Figure 1 )。

[0027] In actual use, the clamp spring must meet the following requirements: when compressed by about 15.4 mm, the clamping force supports the φ22x200 punch rod without falling over (weight = 6.23 N); when compressed by about 6.6 mm, the clamping force supports the φ15x200 punch rod without falling over (weight = 2.9 N). The spring parameter calculation process is as follows:

[0028] (1) Material selection and allowable stress

[0029] The working condition load is not large, and the 65Mn spring steel wire is selected, and the spring wire diameter d = φ0.8 is temporarily taken. Since the electric spark puncher has almost no external load, the load F is taken as the weight of the punch rod G, the density of the punch rod is 8.2 g / cm3, g = 2.9 N / 6.23 N = 0.465. The number of cycles is 10 7 , and the allowable stress τ = 947 Mpa.

[0030] (2) Material diameter

[0031] The compression spring winding ratio C = D / d = φ7.5 / φ0.8 = 9.375.

[0032] The curvature coefficient K = 0.615 / C + (4C-1) / (4C-4) = 1.155.

[0033] The spring wire diameter d = φ0.53 mm, and the wire diameter φ0.8 mm can be selected according to the actual production conditions.

[0034] (3) Required stiffness and number of turns of the compression spring

[0035] The required stiffness k0 of the compression spring is ΔF / ΔH = (6.23-2.9) / (15.44-6.62) = 0.378 N / mm.

[0036] The effective number of turns n = Gd4 / 8k0D3 = 7.85x104x0.84 / 8x0.378x7.53 = 25.2 turns, and the total number of turns is n+2 = 27 turns.

[0037] (4) Stiffness and deformation of the compression spring

[0038] The actual stiffness k' of the compression spring is Gd4 / 8D3*n = 7.85x104x0.84 / 8x7.53x25 = 0.381 N / mm, which is basically consistent with the required theoretical stiffness.

[0039] When clamping the φ22x200 punch rod, the compression spring deformation h = F / k' = 6.23 / 0.381 = 16.35 mm, which is about 1 mm different from the initial required 15.44 mm extension stroke of the clamp. This deviation can be adjusted at the position of the ejector rod seat.

[0040] Pitch t = d + δ1 + fn / n = 0.8 + 0.1 min * 0.8 + 16.35 / 25, recommended 0.28D < t < 0.5D.

[0041] When both ends are ground, the height H0 = t * n + 1.5d is 53.7-95mm. The value is 70mm. At this time, the pitch t = (H0 - 1.5d) / n = (70 - 1.5 * 0.8) / 25 = 2.75mm.

[0042] (5) Final parameters

[0043] The total length of the compression spring H0 = 70mm, the pitch t = 2.75mm, the effective number of turns n = 25 (27 turns with both ends ground and tight), the wire diameter d = φ0.8mm, and the diameter D = φ7.5mm.

[0044] The top rod is inserted into the compression spring, which can avoid instability.

[0045] During use, only 2-3 seconds are needed to control the handle to drive the top rod to extend and retract, so that the workpiece can be loaded and unloaded. Compared with the clamping and alignment time of 30-40 seconds per chuck, the time cost is greatly saved.

[0046] The fixture works through the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: All parts are ready. The top rod A and the top rod B 6 are sleeved on the compression spring 7, and the top rod seat 3 is screwed tightly. The base 1 is connected and fastened with the top rod seat 3, the V-shaped block A and the V-shaped block B 4, and the positioning block 8 through bolts. After assembly, the slow wire is threaded through the φ2 hole, and the V-shaped block 90° internal V-shaped block is machined through three cutting.

[0048] Step 2: Use the inner hexagonal bolt to fix the base 1 on the machine tool workbench and pre-tighten.

[0049] Step 3: The personnel adjust the position of the base 1 according to the operation habit and tighten.

[0050] Step 4: According to Figure 1 Assemble to complete the fixture structure assembly. Pull the handle repeatedly to ensure that the compression spring 7 and the top rod A and the top rod B 6 extend and retract smoothly without jamming.

[0051] Step 5: Manually pull the handle 2 to compress the top rod A and the top rod B 6 and the compression spring 7.

[0052] Step 6: Clamping the workpiece in the orthogonal plane makes it close to the V-shaped block A and the V-shaped block B 4.

[0053] Step 7: Loosen the handle 2, the compression spring 7 exerts a force on the rod A and rod B 6, the rod A and rod B 6 move forward until they contact the workpiece. At this time, the rod A and rod B 6 clamp the workpiece with the V-block A and V-block B 4. The workpiece is automatically centered by the 90° V-shaped block. Then the electric erosion deep hole is started.

[0054] Step 8: After the electric erosion hole is completed, manually pull the handle 2 to move the rod A and rod B 6 backward to compress the compression spring 7. Remove the workpiece to complete the machining.

[0055] Step 9: Clamp the workpiece in the horizontal plane so that it is close to the V-block A and V-block B 4.

[0056] Step 10: According to the positioning size of the hole, insert a standard gauge block or a self-made non-standard spacer between the positioning block 8 and the end face of the workpiece. At this time, the hole position of the first workpiece has been located. Since there is no external load in the horizontal direction, the workpiece can be stabilized by its own weight.

[0057] Step 11: Start electric erosion deep hole.

[0058] Step 12: After the electric erosion hole is completed, keep the gauge block pressed without moving, and only loosen the workpiece to complete the machining.

[0059] Step 13: Replace the new workpiece. If the workpiece is electrically eroded axially, repeat steps 5-8 for the next machining. If the workpiece is electrically eroded radially, repeat steps 9-12 for the next machining.

[0060] Specific implementation method of main components

[0061] Base 1: This part is made of GCr15 material and processed by milling, boring, heat treatment, and wire cutting. It is assembled with V-block A and V-block B 4, rod seat 3, and positioning block 8, and then fastened on the electric spark machine for use. The parallelism of the two surfaces is 0.02mm, and the perpendicularity of the positioning block is 0.01mm, ensuring accurate positioning size of the workpiece in the horizontal plane and the law plane, and good interchangeability in batch processing.

[0062] Handle 2: This part is made of T10A material and processed by turning and heat treatment. After it is tightly fitted with the rod seat 3, the rod is screwed to a certain depth, causing the compression spring 7 to deform, thereby exerting a counterforce on the workpiece to achieve clamping function. By manually pulling, the deformation degree of the compression spring 7 is controlled, facilitating the clamping and dismounting of the workpiece.

[0063] Rod seat 3: This part is made of T10A material and processed by turning, milling, drilling, heat treatment, and wire cutting. It is fastened on the base by M8 internal hexagonal bolt 5, with rod A and rod B 6 passing through the middle hole, and compression spring 7 and handle 2 tightly fitted on both sides, serving as support and connection.

[0064] V-shaped block A and V-shaped block B 4: the part is processed by turning, milling, drilling, and vacuum heat treatment and three times tempering treatment with DC53 material. After being assembled with the base 1, it is processed by slow wire cutting to cut a 90° V-shaped groove and its flatness of 0.005mm, and objectively has the self-centering function, which ensures the radial repeated positioning of the workpiece in the horizontal plane and the verticality of the deep hole in the normal plane of 0.01mm.

[0065] M8 inner hexagonal bolt 5: a general ordinary strength inner hexagonal bolt is adopted, the strength can meet the working condition and save the self-made cost. It is used for assembling and fixing the clamp, and prevents the size deviation caused by clamp vibration and workpiece deviation during electro-erosion.

[0066] Ejector rod A and ejector rod B 6: the part is processed by turning, heat treatment and wire cutting process with GCr15 material. The middle part penetrates through the compression spring 7, the tail part penetrates through the ejector rod seat 3 and is screwed with the handle 2, the head part supports the workpiece with a 90° groove, and the clamping function is completed in cooperation with the V-shaped block A and the V-shaped block B 4. When the pressure of the compression spring 7 is insufficient, the screwing depth of the ejector rod A and the ejector rod B 6 with the handle 2 can be adjusted to adjust the clamping force.

[0067] Compression spring 7: the part is processed by turning (winding), heat treatment and drilling (cutting and tightening) process with 65Mn material. The size parameters are calculated, the spring force is applied to the ejector rod A and the ejector rod B 6, and the clamping is indirectly completed in cooperation with the V-shaped block A and the V-shaped block B 4.

[0068] Positioning block 8: the part is processed by planing, milling, heat treatment and wire cutting process with T10A steel material. The verticality of the inner surface is 0.02mm, which is used to cooperate with the base 1 to ensure the repeated positioning of the workpiece.

[0069] The advantages of the utility model patent are as follows:

[0070] 1. The horizontal repeated positioning and orthogonal vertical positioning are supported, the chuck and the magnetic chuck can be replaced in function, the efficiency is higher than that of the latter, the quick centering, quick replacement, accurate positioning, time saving and good stability are achieved.

[0071] 2. The 90° V-shaped block is used in cooperation with the elastic expansion clamping device to ensure the repeated positioning accuracy of the workpiece. The machining efficiency can be improved by more than 18% through quick clamping. In addition, the operation is simple, convenient and efficient, the error correction function is powerful, the labor intensity is reduced, and the product quality is improved.

[0072] 3. The clamp of the utility model has the characteristics of quick centering stability, quick positioning accuracy, multi-function and multi-purpose, has good practicability and economy, and is suitable for popularization and application.

[0073] It should be explained finally: above-mentioned example is only for illustrating the technical scheme of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this, any skilled person in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the utility model, and these modifications or replacements should be covered in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A quick-loading fixture for facilitating the machining of ultra-fine deep holes in ultra-hard products, characterized in that, include: The base (1), handle (2), top rod seat (3), V-block (4), M8 socket head cap screw (5), top rod (6), compression spring (7), and positioning block (8) are as follows: V-block (4) and top rod seat (3) are installed on the surface of the base (1) and are fastened to the bottom by M8 socket head cap screw (5); the compression spring (7) is sleeved in the middle of the top rod (6) and passes through the top rod seat (3) to be screwed and fastened to the handle (2); the positioning block (8) is configured to embed a standard gauge block or a self-made non-standard pad between the workpiece end face and the workpiece end face.

2. The quick-loading and unloading fixture for facilitating ultra-fine deep hole machining of ultra-hard products according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: There are 2 grips (2), 2 push rod seats (3), 2 V-blocks (4), 2 push rods (6), and 2 compression springs (7); there are 6 M8 socket head cap screws (5).

3. The quick-loading and unloading fixture for facilitating ultra-fine deep hole machining of ultra-hard products according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: The base (1) is made of GCr15 material, with a parallelism of 0.02mm on both sides and a verticality of 0.01mm on the positioning block.

4. The quick-loading and unloading fixture for facilitating ultra-fine deep hole machining of ultra-hard products according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: The top rod seat (3) is made of T10A material and is fastened to the base by M8 socket head cap screws (5). The middle hole passes through the top rod (6), and there are compression springs (7) and handles (2) on both sides.

5. The quick-loading and unloading fixture for facilitating ultra-fine deep hole machining of ultra-hard products according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: V-block (4) is a 90° V-block.

6. The quick-loading and unloading fixture for facilitating ultra-fine deep hole machining of ultrahard products according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: The push rod (6) has a telescopic function and is made of GCr15 material. The middle part passes through the compression spring (7), and the tail passes through the push rod seat (3) and screws into the handle (2). The head has a 90° groove to support the workpiece. It works with the V-block (4) to complete the clamping function. When the pressure of the compression spring (7) is insufficient, the screwing depth between the push rod (6) and the handle (2) can be adjusted to adjust the clamping force.

7. The quick-loading and unloading fixture for facilitating ultra-fine deep hole machining of ultra-hard products according to claim 1, characterized in that, in: For the compression spring (7), select 65Mn material spring steel wire, and temporarily take the spring wire diameter d=φ0.

8.

8. A quick-loading fixture for facilitating ultra-fine deep hole machining of superhard products according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, in: The positioning block (8) is made of T10A steel and has a verticality of 0.02mm on its inner surface. It is configured to cooperate with the base (1) to ensure the repeated positioning of the workpiece.

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