Rear suspension structure of dumper

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dumper rear suspension structure which comprises a balanced suspension, a frame is respectively connected with a middle axle and a rear axle through the balanced suspension, the dumper rear suspension structure further comprises a hydraulic damping assembly, the hydraulic damping assembly comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder, a first rotating mechanism, a second rotating mechanism and a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the balanced suspension. The first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism are arranged on the two sides of the hydraulic oil cylinder respectively and hinged to the two ends of the hydraulic oil cylinder respectively, the first rotating mechanism is hinged to the connecting plate and the middle axle simultaneously, and the second rotating mechanism is hinged to the connecting plate and the rear axle simultaneously. A traditional plate spring is replaced with the hydraulic damping assembly, cost and weight are reduced, the space utilization rate is increased, noise is reduced, maintenance is convenient, meanwhile, the hydraulic oil cylinder can adjust oil pressure according to different loads of a vehicle, vibration caused by uneven road surfaces can be relieved through the damping effect of the hydraulic oil cylinder, and driving comfort is remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of self-unloading truck rear suspension structures, belong to the technical field of self-unloading truck suspension system. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a kind of special vehicle widely used in engineering construction, mine transportation and other fields, the performance of its rear suspension system directly affects the carrying capacity and driving stability of the whole vehicle. At present, the rear suspension structure of self-unloading truck is mostly designed with balance suspension, which realizes the uniform distribution of multi-axle load through the elastic element connecting the frame and the drive axle, and at the same time, it relieves the impact of road surface on the vehicle body. Such balance suspension is usually installed between the vehicle frame longitudinal beam and the axle, which needs to consider the structural reliability under high-strength working conditions while ensuring the passability of the vehicle.

[0003] In the traditional balance suspension system, leaf spring is widely used as the core elastic support component. Leaf spring is composed of multiple layers of laminated steel plates, which absorbs road vibration energy and transmits load through deformation. However, with the development of self-unloading truck towards large tonnage and high frequency operation, the inherent defects of leaf spring structure gradually appear: first, its carrying capacity is limited by material strength and layer thickness, and it is easy to deform plastically or even break under overload or impact conditions; second, the stiffness characteristics of leaf spring are fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to actual load or road conditions, resulting in decreased smoothness when the vehicle is empty or insufficient support when it is heavily loaded; third, the friction caused by relative sliding between multiple leaf springs will cause abnormal noise and wear, which requires regular lubrication and maintenance, increasing the use cost; fourth, the overall volume and weight of leaf spring are large, which not only occupies the space of the chassis, but also increases the non-load-bearing mass, affecting the vehicle's power performance and energy efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model provides a kind of self-unloading truck rear suspension structure, which improves driving comfort by replacing leaf spring with hydraulic shock absorbing assembly.

[0005] Technical scheme: A self-unloading truck rear suspension structure includes a balance suspension, a frame connected to a middle axle and a rear axle through the balance suspension, and a hydraulic shock absorbing assembly. The hydraulic shock absorbing assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a first rotating mechanism, a second rotating mechanism and a connecting plate. The connecting plate is rotatably connected to the balance suspension. The first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism are respectively arranged on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder and are respectively hinged to both ends of the hydraulic cylinder. The first rotating mechanism is hinged to the connecting plate and the middle axle, and the second rotating mechanism is hinged to the connecting plate and the rear axle.

[0006] The utility model discloses a hydraulic damping assembly is provided, when the vehicle walks on uneven road, the middle axle wheel is lifted along the vertical direction, and the first rotating mechanism is rotated and compresses the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the second rotating mechanism rotates with the first rotating mechanism, and the traditional leaf spring is replaced by the hydraulic damping assembly, not only reduces the cost and weight, improves the space utilization, reduces the noise, and the hydraulic oil cylinder can adjust the oil pressure according to the different load of vehicle, for example, reduces the rigidity when the empty load to reduce the shock comfort, and increases the rigidity when the heavy load to enhance the rigidity, ensures the support stability, because the hydraulic oil cylinder has the initiative adjustment ability, so the leaf spring is not easy to be damaged in the face of different load and working condition, and the damping effect of the hydraulic oil cylinder can relieve the vibration of uneven road, and the driving comfort is improved significantly.

[0007] The first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism are the same for shock absorption, the first rotating mechanism comprises a three-joint plate, a connecting rod, and a mounting support arranged on the middle axle, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the mounting support, and the other end is hinged to the three-joint plate, and the other two ends of the three-joint plate are hinged to the hydraulic oil cylinder and the connecting plate respectively.

[0008] When the middle axle wheel is lifted, the connecting rod is pushed upward to rotate the three-joint plate and compress the hydraulic oil cylinder, the three-joint plate of the rear axle rotates in the same direction to compress the angle between the three-joint plate and the connecting rod, and the angle is compressed to the limit and stops rotating, the hydraulic oil cylinder is compressed, when the middle axle wheel falls down, the connecting rod is pulled downward to rotate the three-joint plate in the opposite direction and restore, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is stretched to restore, the hydraulic oil cylinder has a damping effect, so that the vibration when the wheel is lifted and falls down can be relieved, and the comfort is improved.

[0009] The angle between the three-joint plate close to the hydraulic oil cylinder and the connecting rod is less than 90° to prevent the dead point when the connecting rod and the three-joint plate rotate.

[0010] The connecting rod is provided with a spacer sleeve at both ends to improve the connection reliability of the connecting rod and the mounting support, a connecting shaft is arranged in the spacer sleeve, and both ends of the connecting shaft are hinged to the mounting support.

[0011] The rubber sleeve is arranged between the spacer sleeve and the connecting shaft to avoid friction and rigid extrusion of the spacer sleeve and the connecting shaft caused by the torsion of the vehicle.

[0012] The limiting block is arranged on the mounting support to prevent the collision between the axle and the frame.

[0013] The limiting block is arranged on the mounting support, the height of the limiting block is arranged according to the reserved gap between the axle and the frame, so that the axle and the frame are prevented from directly colliding rigidly and being damaged, and the limiting block can simultaneously limit the included angle between the three-joint plate and the connecting rod, so that the included angle is prevented from exceeding 90 degrees when the three-joint plate and the connecting rod rotate, and a dead point is avoided.

[0014] Preferably, in order to avoid rigid collision between the limiting block and the frame, a damping block is arranged on the limiting block.

[0015] Preferably, in order to provide support for the first rotating mechanism and the second rotating mechanism, the balance suspension comprises a balance support, a balance shaft, and a push rod mechanism arranged on the middle axle and the rear axle respectively, the balance support is connected with the frame, the balance shaft is arranged on the balance support, the end of the balance shaft penetrates through a connecting plate, and the connecting plate rotates around the balance shaft.

[0016] Preferably, in order to reduce the torque borne by the balance shaft, a guide sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the connecting plate, and the end of the balance shaft penetrates through the guide sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, in order to realize the same vertical load of the middle axle and the rear axle, the push rod mechanism comprises an upper push rod and a lower push rod, one end of the lower push rod is hinged with the balance support, the other end is hinged with the middle axle, one end of the upper push rod is hinged with the middle axle, the other end is hinged with the frame, and the push rod mechanism on the rear axle is arranged in the same way as the push rod mechanism on the middle axle.

[0018] When the middle axle wheel is lifted and lowered to make the first rotating mechanism rotate, the connecting plate, the lower push rod, the upper push rod and the first rotating mechanism rotate synchronously, and another side rear axle wheel is forced to move downward through the lever principle, so that the two axle wheels are always in contact with the ground, and the single axle overload or suspension phenomenon is avoided.

[0019] Beneficial effects: the hydraulic damping assembly is used to replace the traditional leaf spring, so that the cost and weight are reduced, the space utilization is improved, the noise is reduced, the maintenance is facilitated, the hydraulic oil cylinder can adjust the oil pressure according to different loads of the vehicle, the hydraulic oil cylinder has the active adjustment capability, so that the problem that the leaf spring is easily damaged in the face of different loads and working conditions is solved, and the damping effect of the hydraulic oil cylinder can relieve the vibration caused by uneven road, and the driving comfort is significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating labor under the premise of providing the drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 is a whole structure diagram of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a hydraulic damping assembly structure diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is a balance suspension structure diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0025] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0026] In the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the "upper" or "lower" of the first feature to the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the "upper", "upper" and "upper" of the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The "below", "below" and "below" of the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0027] As Figure 1As shown, a dump truck rear suspension structure includes a balance suspension 1, a frame 2 connected to a middle axle 3 and a rear axle 4 via the balance suspension 1, and a hydraulic damping assembly 5. The hydraulic damping assembly 5 includes a hydraulic cylinder 51, a first rotating mechanism 52, a second rotating mechanism 53, and a connecting plate 54. The connecting plate 54 is rotatably connected to the balance suspension 1. The first rotating mechanism 52 and the second rotating mechanism 53 are respectively disposed on both sides of the hydraulic cylinder 51 and are hinged to both ends of the hydraulic cylinder 51. The first rotating mechanism 52 is also hinged to the connecting plate 54 and the middle axle 3, and the second rotating mechanism 53 is also hinged to the connecting plate 54 and the rear axle 4.

[0028] The hydraulic damping assembly 5 is installed so that when the vehicle travels on uneven roads, the wheels of the middle axle 3 are lifted vertically, pushing the first rotating mechanism 52 to rotate and compress the hydraulic cylinder 51. The second rotating mechanism 53 rotates in the same direction as the first rotating mechanism 52. The traditional leaf spring is replaced by the hydraulic damping assembly 5, which not only reduces cost and weight, improves space utilization, reduces noise, and facilitates maintenance, but also allows the hydraulic cylinder 51 to adjust the oil pressure according to different vehicle loads. For example, when unloaded, the pressure is reduced to decrease stiffness and improve shock absorption comfort; when heavily loaded, the pressure is increased to enhance rigidity and ensure support stability. Since the hydraulic cylinder 51 has active adjustment capability, there is no problem of leaf springs being easily damaged under different loads and working conditions. In addition, the damping effect of the hydraulic cylinder 51 can alleviate the vibration caused by uneven road surfaces, significantly improving driving comfort.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, in order to achieve shock absorption, the first rotating mechanism 52 and the second rotating mechanism 53 are the same. The first rotating mechanism 52 includes a three-headed hinge plate 521, a connecting rod 522, and a mounting bracket 523 set on the middle bridge 3. One end of the connecting rod 522 is hinged to the mounting bracket 523, and the other end is hinged to the three-headed hinge plate 521. The other two ends of the three-headed hinge plate 521 are respectively hinged to the hydraulic cylinder 51 and the connecting plate 54.

[0030] When the wheel of the middle axle 3 is lifted, the connecting rod 522 is pushed upward to rotate the three-head hinge plate 521 and compress the hydraulic cylinder 51. The three-head hinge plate 521 of the rear axle 4 rotates in the same direction to compress the angle between it and the connecting rod 522. After the angle is compressed to the limit, the rotation stops and the hydraulic cylinder 51 is compressed. When the wheel of the middle axle 3 is lowered, the connecting rod 522 is pulled downward to rotate the three-head hinge plate 521 in the opposite direction to restore its original position. The hydraulic cylinder 51 is stretched to restore its original position. Because the hydraulic cylinder 51 has a damping effect, it can reduce the vibration when the wheel is lifted and lowered, thus improving comfort.

[0031] To prevent dead points from forming when the connecting rod 522 and the three-headed hinge plate 521 rotate, the included angle between the three-headed hinge plate 521 and the connecting rod 522 on the side closer to the hydraulic cylinder 51 is less than 90°.

[0032] In order to improve the connection reliability of the connecting rod 522 and the mounting support 523, a spacer sleeve 5221 is arranged at each end of the connecting rod 522, a connecting shaft 5222 is arranged in the spacer sleeve 5221, and the two ends of the connecting shaft 5222 are hingedly connected with the mounting support 523.

[0033] Embodiment one: as shown in the figure, in order to avoid friction and rigid extrusion of the spacer sleeve 5221 and the connecting shaft 5222 caused by vehicle torsion, a rubber sleeve 6 is arranged between the spacer sleeve 5221 and the connecting shaft 5222. Figure 3

[0034] In order to prevent the axle from colliding with the vehicle frame 2, a limiting block 7 is further arranged on the mounting support 523, and the limiting block 7 is located below the vehicle frame 2.

[0035] The limiting block 7 is arranged on the mounting support 523, and the height of the limiting block 7 is arranged according to the reserved gap between the axle and the vehicle frame 2, so as to prevent the axle and the vehicle frame 2 from directly colliding and being damaged, and the limiting block 7 can also limit the included angle between the three-joint hinged plate 521 and the connecting rod 522, so as to avoid the included angle exceeding 90° when rotating and generating a dead point.

[0036] Embodiment two: the limiting block 7 can be replaced by a hydraulic oil cylinder 51 or an air cylinder, and the corresponding range is arranged according to the position to be limited, which can also have a buffering effect and make the axle rise and fall more gently.

[0037] Embodiment three: in order to avoid rigid collision between the limiting block 7 and the vehicle frame 2, a damping block 8 is arranged on the limiting block 7.

[0038] In order to provide support for the first rotating mechanism 52 and the second rotating mechanism 53, the balance suspension 1 comprises a balance bracket 11, a balance shaft 12, and a push rod mechanism 13 arranged on the intermediate axle 3 and the rear axle 4 respectively, the balance bracket 11 is connected with the vehicle frame 2, the balance shaft 12 is arranged on the balance bracket 11, the end of the balance shaft 12 penetrates through a connecting plate 54, and the connecting plate 54 rotates around the balance shaft 12.

[0039] Embodiment four: in order to reduce the torque received by the balance shaft 12, a guide sleeve 541 is arranged on the inner side of the connecting plate 54, and the end of the balance shaft 12 penetrates through the guide sleeve 541.

[0040] In order to realize the same vertical load of the intermediate axle 3 and the rear axle 4, the push rod mechanism 13 comprises an upper push rod 131 and a lower push rod 132, one end of the lower push rod 132 is hingedly connected with the balance bracket 11, the other end is hingedly connected with the intermediate axle 3, one end of the upper push rod 131 is hingedly connected with the intermediate axle 3, the other end is hingedly connected with the vehicle frame 2, and the push rod mechanism 13 on the rear axle 4 is arranged in the same way as the push rod mechanism 13 on the intermediate axle 3.​

[0041] When the middle bridge 3 wheels are lifted and lowered to make the first rotating mechanism 52 rotate, the connecting plate 54, the lower push rod 132, the upper push rod 131 and the first rotating mechanism 52 rotate synchronously, and the other side rear bridge 4 wheels are forced to move downward through the lever principle, so as to ensure that the wheels of the two bridges are always in contact with the ground, avoiding the phenomenon of single-bridge overload or suspension.

[0042] The various embodiments are described in the specification by way of progression, each building on the previous embodiment, but it is contemplated that one could implement or use the embodiments individually or collectively. Although the embodiments disclosed in the specification are principally described in the present context of a method, it will be appreciated that the principal can also be implemented as an apparatus. The embodiments disclosed in the specification encompass present forms as well as alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations thereof. Accordingly, the application is not limited to only those embodiments that have been described in the specification.

[0043] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A rear suspension structure of a dump truck, comprising a balance suspension (1), a frame (2) is connected with a middle axle (3) and a rear axle (4) through the balance suspension (1), characterized in that: Also include hydraulic damping assembly (5), the hydraulic damping assembly (5) includes hydraulic cylinder (51), first rotating mechanism (52), second rotating mechanism (53), connecting plate (54), the connecting plate (54) is rotatably connected with balance suspension (1), the first rotating mechanism (52) and second rotating mechanism (53) are respectively arranged on both sides of hydraulic cylinder (51), and are respectively hinged with both ends of hydraulic cylinder (51), the first rotating mechanism (52) is hinged with connecting plate (54), middle axle (3) respectively, the second rotating mechanism (53) is hinged with connecting plate (54), rear axle (4) respectively.

2. The rear suspension structure of a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized by: The first rotating mechanism (52) and second rotating mechanism (53) are same, the first rotating mechanism (52) includes three head hinged plate (521), connecting rod (522), installation support (523) arranged on middle axle (3), one end of the connecting rod (522) is hinged with installation support (523), the other end is hinged with three head hinged plate (521), and the other two ends of the three head hinged plate (521) are hinged with hydraulic cylinder (51) and connecting plate (54) respectively.

3. The rear suspension structure of a dump truck according to claim 2, characterized by: The included angle between three head hinged plate (521) and connecting rod (522) near one side of hydraulic cylinder (51) is less than 90 °.

4. The rear suspension structure of a dump truck according to claim 2, characterized by: The connecting rod (522) is provided with spacer sleeve (5221) at both ends respectively, the spacer sleeve (5221) is provided with connecting shaft (5222) penetrating in it, and both ends of the connecting shaft (5222) are hinged with installation support (523) respectively.

5. The rear suspension structure of a dump truck according to claim 4, characterized by: Rubber sleeve (6) is arranged between the spacer sleeve (5221) and connecting shaft (5222).

6. The rear suspension structure of a dump truck according to claim 2, characterized by: The installation support (523) is further provided with limit block (7), and the limit block (7) is located below the frame (2).

7. The rear suspension structure of a self-unloading truck according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limit block (7) is provided with damping block (8).

8. The rear suspension structure of a dump truck according to claim 2, characterized by: The balance suspension (1) includes balance support (11), balance shaft (12), push rod mechanism (13) arranged on middle axle (3) and rear axle (4) respectively, the balance support (11) is connected with frame (2), the balance shaft (12) is arranged on the balance support (11), the end of the balance shaft (12) penetrates connecting plate (54), and the connecting plate (54) rotates around the balance shaft (12).

9. The rear suspension structure of a self-unloading truck according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner side of the connecting plate (54) is provided with guide sleeve (541), and the end of the balance shaft (12) penetrates the guide sleeve (541).

10. The rear suspension structure of a dump truck according to claim 8, characterized by: The push rod mechanism (13) includes upper push rod (131) and lower push rod (132), one end of the lower push rod (132) is hinged with balance support (11), and the other end is hinged with middle axle (3), one end of the upper push rod (131) is hinged with middle axle (3), and the other end is hinged with frame (2), and the push rod mechanism (13) on the rear axle (4) is arranged in the same mode as the push rod mechanism (13) on the middle axle (3).

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