Blasting device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a blasting device which comprises an overall cylindrical explosive, an overall energy-gathering pipe is in a cover shape with one closed end, the open end of the energy-gathering pipe is arranged at one end of the explosive in a sleeved mode, a strip-shaped opening is formed in the outer wall of the energy-gathering pipe and is arranged in the length direction of the energy-gathering pipe, and when the explosive and the energy-gathering pipe are placed in a shot hole, the explosive and the energy-gathering pipe are separated from each other. According to the strip-shaped opening formed in the outer wall of the energy-gathering pipe in the length direction, when the explosive and the energy-gathering pipe are placed in a shot hole and the strip-shaped opening is formed in the tangent line of the tunnel face, a traditional blasting mode is greatly changed, and at the moment that the explosive explodes, the explosion energy can be restrained by the energy-gathering pipe, so that the explosive explodes, and the explosive explodes. Compared with comprehensive blasting along the periphery of a shot hole in the prior art, the actual blasting range of the tunnel face is greatly reduced, and the tunnel face can be accurately controlled in an expected planning area.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of blasting technology especially a blasting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the conventional operation process of tunnel construction, for the blasting link, the construction personnel shoulder the extremely key and delicate task. First, along the edge position of the tunnel tunnel face, professional drilling equipment is used to drill the blast hole with extremely high operation precision and strictly according to the pre-set tunnel excavation direction. This drilling process has strict requirements on the performance of the equipment, the skills of the operator and the construction environment and other factors. The drilling equipment needs to have stable power output and accurate positioning function to ensure that the depth, diameter and inclination angle of the blast hole completely meet the design standard. The operator not only needs to master the operation skills of the equipment, but also needs to pay attention to the changes of various parameters in the drilling process at all times, and timely respond to possible emergencies, such as drilling deflection caused by uneven rock hardness. In terms of construction environment, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation at the construction site to avoid the influence of dust accumulation on the operation vision and the health of personnel, and at the same time to ensure sufficient lighting to provide good conditions for accurate operation.

[0003] After the blast hole drilling is completed, the process of placing the detonator is entered. The detonator is the core device for initiating blasting, however, the existing detonator has significant technical shortcomings in the initiation mechanism. When the detonator is triggered to initiate, the energy released by the detonator is uniformly and omnidirectionally radiated around the blast hole center, and then the explosive in the blast hole is fully blasted along the blast hole. The principle of this full blasting mode is based on the stress wave propagation theory when the explosive explodes. In the absence of any restraining measures, the stress wave generated by the explosion of the explosive will freely propagate in all directions, causing the rock around the blast hole to be subjected to strong impact forces in all directions.

[0004] This full blasting mode has brought many serious problems in actual construction. It is manifested that the actual explosion range of the tunnel tunnel face is much larger than the expected design plan. In terms of specific data, in some actual engineering cases, the actual explosion range may be expanded by tens of centimeters or even more in the radial direction compared with the design range. The expansion of this range makes the precision control of the tunnel tunnel face in the blasting forming stage face great challenges. In terms of precision control, due to the uncontrollable expansion of the explosion range, a large deviation is caused between the actual excavation contour of the tunnel and the design contour. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at: provide a kind of blasting device, to solve the problem of the range of the above-mentioned technical problem that tunnel face actually explodes is uncontrollable, improve the precision of blasting.

[0006] The utility model discloses a technical problem solving technical scheme as follows:

[0007] The utility model discloses a blasting device, comprising:

[0008] The explosive is cylindrical as a whole.

[0009] The shaped charge tube is in the shape of a lid with one end closed, and the open end is sleeved on one end of the explosive.

[0010] A strip-shaped opening is formed on the outer wall of the shaped charge tube and arranged along the length direction of the shaped charge tube.

[0011] When the explosive and the shaped charge tube are placed in the blast hole, the strip-shaped opening is located on the tangent of the tunnel face.

[0012] The utility model also has the following technical features:

[0013] In an embodiment of the utility model, the strip-shaped openings are symmetrically formed on the outer wall of the shaped charge tube.

[0014] In an embodiment of the utility model, the closed end of the shaped charge tube is provided with a cone, the large-size end of the cone is combined with the tube opening end of the shaped charge tube, and the small-size end of the cone is located in the lumen of the shaped charge tube.

[0015] In an embodiment of the utility model, the cone and the shaped charge tube are detachably connected.

[0016] In an embodiment of the utility model, the tube opening of one end of the shaped charge tube is provided with a turned edge, the opening of the cone is provided with a combined plane, and the combined plane is attached to the inner side of the turned edge.

[0017] In an embodiment of the utility model, the turned edge and the tube end of the shaped charge tube are circularly transitioned, the opening position of the cone is also provided with an arc segment, the combined plane is arranged on the arc segment, and the arc segment is attached to the circular transition position of the turned edge and the tube end of the shaped charge tube.

[0018] In an embodiment of the utility model, the shaped charge tube is made of aluminum alloy.

[0019] In an embodiment of the utility model, the cone is made of aluminum alloy.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that the blasting device has remarkable technical effects. The explosive is cylindrical, providing energy source for blasting. The shaped charge tube is closed at one end and in the shape of a lid, and the open end is sleeved on one end of the explosive, playing a restraining and guiding role on the explosive explosion energy.

[0021] The strip-shaped opening is arranged on the outer wall of the shaped tube along the length direction, and when the explosive and the shaped tube are placed in the blast hole and the strip-shaped opening is located on the tangent of the tunnel face, the traditional blasting mode is greatly changed. At the moment of explosion of the explosive, the explosion energy is preferentially and concentratedly released from the direction of the strip-shaped opening under the constraint of the shaped tube. Compared with the full blasting along the periphery of the blast hole in the prior art, the actual explosion range of the tunnel face is greatly reduced, so that it can be accurately controlled in the expected planning area.

[0022] This accurate blasting range control effectively solves the precision control problem of the tunnel face in the blasting forming process. The actual excavation contour of the tunnel can closely fit the design contour, significantly improving the overall quality of the tunnel. From the aspect of structural stability, the accurate excavation contour enables the tunnel lining and surrounding rock to work better in cooperation, improving the stability of the tunnel lining and reducing the risk of cracks, deformation and other diseases of the lining in the long-term use process.

[0023] In terms of cost control, since the explosion range is effectively controlled, overbreak is avoided, unnecessary material waste is reduced, and the construction cost of subsequent cleaning of the overbreak part and trimming of the excavation surface is reduced. At the same time, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, because there is no need to spend extra time to deal with overbreak, so that the tunnel construction project can be efficiently and accurately promoted, providing a strong guarantee for the smooth implementation of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a plan view of a tunnel face in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 is a plan view of a blasting device in a blast hole in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 and Figure 4 are two perspective structural view of a shaped tube of a blasting device in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a shaped tube of a blasting device in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 is a structural view of the shaped tube after moving out of the cone in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 is a structural view of the cone in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the cone in an embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The other advantages and effects of the present application can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present application. The present application can also be implemented or applied in different specific embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in the specification without departing from the spirit of the present application.

[0032] It should be noted that the existing detonator has a significant technical shortcoming in the initiation mechanism. When the detonator is triggered to initiate, the energy released by the detonator is uniformly and omnidirectionally radiated from the center of the blast hole to the surrounding of the blast hole, thereby causing the explosive in the blast hole to fully explode along the surrounding of the blast hole. The principle of this full blasting mode is based on the stress wave propagation theory when the explosive explodes. Without any restraining measures, the stress wave generated by the explosion of the explosive freely propagates in all directions, causing the surrounding rock of the blast hole to be subjected to strong impact forces in all directions. This full blasting mode causes many serious problems in actual construction. It is shown that the actual explosion range of the tunnel face is much larger than the expected design plan. In terms of specific data, in some actual engineering cases, the actual explosion range may be expanded by tens of centimeters or even more in the radial direction compared to the design range. The expansion of this range poses a great challenge to the precision control of the tunnel face in the blasting forming stage. In terms of precision control, due to the uncontrollable expansion of the explosion range, a large deviation is caused between the actual excavation contour of the tunnel and the design contour. The drawings provided in the embodiment only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner, and only show the components related to the present application in the drawings, not the number, shape and size of the components when actually implemented. The actual implementation of each component may be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout pattern may be more complex. Therefore, the present application provides a blasting device, which comprises: an explosive 10, which is in the shape of a cylinder as a whole; an energy-gathering tube 20, which is in the shape of a cap with one end closed, and the open end of which is sleeved on one end of the explosive 10; wherein a strip-shaped opening 21 is formed on the outer wall of the energy-gathering tube 20, and the strip-shaped opening 21 is arranged along the length direction of the energy-gathering tube 20; when the explosive 10 and the energy-gathering tube 20 are placed in a blast hole 30, referring to Figure 1 , the strip-shaped opening 21 is located on the tangent f of the tunnel face A.

[0033] In an embodiment, the energy-gathering tube 20 is made of aluminum alloy, or other metal materials, which can effectively gather the blasting energy of the explosive 10.

[0034] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the explosive 10 is in a cylindrical shape or an emulsified explosive in a sausage shape, in actual blasting, a drill machine is used to drill a blast hole 30 on the edge contour line of a tunnel face A in the direction of tunnel excavation, the outer diameter of the shaped charge tube 20 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole 30, a water bag 40 is placed in the blast hole 30, and then the explosive 10 provided with the shaped charge tube 20 is inserted into the blast hole 30, the direction of the strip-shaped opening 21 is adjusted so that the strip-shaped opening 21 is located on the tangent line of the tunnel face A, when the explosive 10 explodes, most of the energy is released from the strip-shaped opening 21, so that the crack direction can be accurately controlled, the function of local directional blasting is achieved through the special structure, and the overbreak or underbreak can be well controlled, and the processing of the overbreak or underbreak is reduced, and time is saved in each cycle.

[0035] In an embodiment, to accurately control the release position of the energy of the explosive 10 when the explosive 10 explodes, the strip-shaped opening 21 is symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the shaped charge tube 20.

[0036] In an embodiment, the length of the shaped charge tube 20 is generally 5-6 cm, and the strip-shaped opening 21 can be arranged through the shaped charge tube 20 or can not be arranged through the shaped charge tube 20.

[0037] In an embodiment, to control the explosion energy of the explosive 10, the closed end of the shaped charge tube 20 is provided with a cone 22, the large-size end of the cone 22 is combined with the mouth end of the shaped charge tube 20, and the small-size end of the cone 22 is located in the lumen of the shaped charge tube 20.

[0038] In an embodiment, the large-size end of the cone 22 is combined with the mouth end of the shaped charge tube 20, which can realize the closure of one end of the shaped charge tube 20, so that the energy is released from the strip-shaped opening 21 as much as possible, the explosion energy is reflected through the conical surface of the cone 22, located in the shaped charge tube 20, and most of the energy can be released from the strip-shaped opening 21, thereby achieving the purpose of energy control.

[0039] In an embodiment, to realize the universality of the cone 22, the cone 22 is detachably connected with the shaped charge tube 20.

[0040] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 8 , to ensure that the cone 22 blocks one end of the shaped charge tube 20, the mouth of one end of the shaped charge tube 20 is provided with a turned edge 23, the opening of the cone 22 is provided with a combination plane 221, and the combination plane 221 is attached to the inner side of the turned edge 23.

[0041] The detachable connection of the cone 22 and the shaped charge tube 20 can realize the universality of the cone 22 and reduce the actual cost.

[0042] In an embodiment, the cone 22 is made of aluminum alloy, and can also be made of other metal materials.

[0043] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 5 and Figure 8 To ensure the sealing degree of the combination of the cone 22 and the shaped charge tube 20, the circular arc transition between the flange 23 and the tube end of the shaped charge tube 20, and the circular arc segment 222 provided at the opening position of the cone 22, the combination plane 221 is arranged on the circular arc segment 222, and the circular arc segment 222 is attached to the circular arc transition position of the flange 23 and the tube end of the shaped charge tube 20.

[0044] In an embodiment, the circular arc transition between the flange 23 and the tube end of the shaped charge tube 20 can effectively ensure the overall strength of the shaped charge tube 20, and the circular arc segment 222 provided at the opening position of the cone 22 is attached to the circular arc transition position of the flange 23 and the tube end of the shaped charge tube 20, which can further ensure the sealing degree of the combination of the cone 22 and the shaped charge tube 20.

[0045] In summary, when the strip-shaped opening 21 formed along the length direction of the outer wall of the shaped charge tube 20 is located on the tangent f of the tunnel face A, and the explosive 10 and the shaped charge tube 20 are placed in the blast hole 30, the traditional blasting mode is greatly changed. At the moment of explosive explosion, the explosion energy is preferentially and concentratedly released from the direction of the strip-shaped opening 21 under the constraint of the shaped charge tube 20. Compared with the full blasting along the periphery of the blast hole 30 in the prior art, the actual blasting range of the tunnel face A is greatly reduced, which can be accurately controlled within the expected planning area. This accurate blasting range control effectively solves the precision control problem of the tunnel face A in the blasting forming process. The actual excavation contour of the tunnel can closely fit the design contour, which significantly improves the overall quality of the tunnel. From the aspect of structural stability, the accurate excavation contour makes the tunnel lining and surrounding rock work better in cooperation, improves the stability of the tunnel lining, and reduces the risk of cracks, deformation and other diseases of the lining in the long-term use process.

[0046] It is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes every feature or implementation described herein. The specification can include implicit combinations of explicitly mentioned features and / or implicit combinations of implicitly mentioned features. Such combinations are also expressly included within the scope of the specification and an embodiment.

Claims

1. A blasting device, characterized in that The application relates to an explosive device, which comprises the following: an explosive (10) in a cylindrical shape; a shaped charge tube (20) in a cap shape with one end closed, and the open end of the shaped charge tube (20) is sleeved on one end of the explosive (10); wherein a strip-shaped opening (21) is arranged on the outer wall of the shaped charge tube (20) along the length direction of the shaped charge tube (20); when the explosive (10) and the shaped charge tube (20) are placed in a blast hole (30), the strip-shaped opening (21) is located on the tangent of the working face (A).

2. The blasting device of claim 1, wherein The strip-shaped opening (21) is symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the shaped charge tube (20).

3. The blasting device of claim 1, wherein The closed end of the shaped charge tube (20) is provided with a conical body (22), the large-size end of the conical body (22) is combined with the tube opening end of the shaped charge tube (20), and the small-size end of the conical body (22) is located in the tube cavity of the shaped charge tube (20).

4. The blasting device of claim 3, wherein The conical body (22) and the shaped charge tube (20) are detachably connected.

5. The blasting device of claim 4, wherein, The tube opening end of the shaped charge tube (20) is provided with a turn-up (23), the opening of the conical body (22) is provided with a combined plane (221), and the combined plane (221) is attached to the inner side of the turn-up (23).

6. The blasting device of claim 5, wherein, The turn-up (23) and the tube end of the shaped charge tube (20) are circularly transitioned, the opening position of the conical body (22) is further provided with an arc segment (222), the combined plane (221) is arranged on the arc segment (222), and the arc segment (222) is attached to the circular transition position of the turn-up (23) and the tube end of the shaped charge tube (20).

7. The blasting device of claim 1, wherein The shaped charge tube (20) is made of an aluminum alloy.

8. The blasting device of claim 3, wherein The conical body (22) is made of an aluminum alloy.

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