Diversion tunnel concrete surface roughness measuring device
By combining mechanical structure and image processing algorithms, a rapid and accurate measurement of the surface roughness of concrete in water diversion tunnels is achieved in curved structures and power-free environments. This solves the problems of poor adaptability, high cost, and power dependence in existing technologies, and provides a simple and efficient detection solution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520704373.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-15
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the methods for measuring the surface roughness of concrete in water diversion tunnels have problems such as poor adaptability, high cost, complex operation, and power dependence, making it difficult to perform rapid and accurate detection on curved structures and in environments without power.
A concrete surface roughness measuring device was designed, comprising a base, a clamping assembly, an adjusting assembly, and an imprinting point. The device uses a mechanical structure to clamp the concrete specimen, pick up pigment, and transfer texture, and combines image processing algorithms to calculate the roughness.
It enables rapid and accurate measurement of concrete surface roughness in curved structures and power-free environments, reducing equipment costs, improving ease of operation and environmental adaptability, and making it suitable for on-site testing.
Smart Images
Figure CN223910203U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to concrete measurement technical field, especially a water diversion tunnel concrete surface roughness measuring device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Water diversion tunnel as important component in water conservancy project, its flow capacity directly influences the overall efficiency of water conservancy project. According to Manning formula The flow capacity of tunnel is closely related to Manning roughness coefficient n. Research shows that the roughness coefficient increases by 0.001, the flow of tunnel will drop about 3%-5%. Therefore, accurate measurement of the roughness of concrete surface is of great significance for evaluating the performance of tunnel, optimizing design and maintenance.
[0003] At present, the measurement method of concrete surface roughness mainly divides into contact type and non-contact type.
[0004] Contact type measurement method (such as stylus profilometer) although precision is higher, but there is following limitation: poor adaptability: the curved surface structure of water diversion tunnel makes stylus difficult to stable adhesion, leading to measurement error increases;Environmental restriction: the inside of tunnel is usually humid and without power supply, and traditional electronic equipment is difficult to apply;Low efficiency: contact type measurement needs to scan point by point, and the time is long, which is difficult to meet the demand of large area rapid detection.
[0005] Non-contact measurement method (such as laser scanner, digital camera imaging technology) overcomes the deficiency of contact type method to some extent, but still has the following problems: high cost: high-precision laser scanner and imaging equipment purchase and maintenance cost is expensive;Complicated operation: professional personnel are needed to adjust equipment parameters, and the light and environmental conditions are required higher;Power dependence: the equipment needs continuous power supply, and it is difficult to use in the environment without power supply.
[0006] In view of the above problems, a water diversion tunnel concrete surface roughness measuring device is needed, which has simple structure, low cost, and can transfer the surface of concrete test piece without external power supply. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0007] The utility model aims at providing a water diversion tunnel concrete surface roughness measuring device to solve the above problems existing in prior art.
[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following scheme: The utility model provides a diversion tunnel concrete surface roughness measuring device, including the base, the top surface of base is provided with the printing pressure department and the pigment groove, one side of pigment groove is provided with first stand and second stand, first stand is close to the setting of pigment groove, be provided with the adjusting assembly for moving concrete test piece on first stand, adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with drive assembly, drive assembly is arranged between first stand and second stand, adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with the clamping assembly for clamping concrete test piece to one side bottom of printing pressure department and pigment groove, adjusting assembly is used for moving clamping assembly between printing pressure department and pigment groove.
[0009] Preferably, the adjusting assembly comprises a cross beam, a first fixed wheel and a second fixed wheel are rotatably connected to one side of the cross beam close to the pigment groove, the first fixed wheel is arranged close to the printing pressure department, a first multi-stage connecting rod part is arranged between the first fixed wheel and the second fixed wheel, a third fixed wheel is arranged on the side of the cross beam away from the first fixed wheel, and the third fixed wheel is connected to the drive assembly through a second multi-stage connecting rod part.
[0010] Preferably, one end of the cross beam is fixedly connected to the top of the first stand, and the other end of the cross beam faces the printing pressure department.
[0011] Preferably, the first multi-stage connecting rod part comprises a second connecting rod fixedly connected to the first fixed wheel, a hinge two is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod away from the first fixed wheel, a hinge three is rotatably connected to the hinge two, a first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the hinge three, a hinge one is fixedly connected to one end of the first connecting rod away from the hinge three, a hinge four is rotatably connected to the hinge one, and the hinge four is connected to the second fixed wheel through a third connecting rod.
[0012] Preferably, the second multi-stage connecting rod part comprises a fourth connecting rod fixedly connected to the third fixed wheel, a hinge five is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth connecting rod away from the third fixed wheel, a hinge six is rotatably connected to the hinge five, and the hinge six is connected to the drive assembly through a fifth connecting rod.
[0013] Preferably, the drive assembly comprises a rotating disc arranged between the first stand and the second stand, arc-shaped sliding grooves are formed on both sides of the rotating disc, a cylindrical column is slidably connected in the arc-shaped sliding groove facing the first stand, the cylindrical column is fixedly connected to the first stand, a plurality of teeth are formed in the arc-shaped sliding groove facing the second stand, the teeth are engaged with a gear, the gear is drivingly connected with a manual rocker, and the manual rocker penetrates through the second stand and is rotatably connected to the second stand.
[0014] Preferably, the center of the arc-shaped chute is the same as the center of the rotating disc.
[0015] Preferably, the first stand and the second stand are telescopic rods.
[0016] Preferably, the printing position is provided with an elastic buffer layer, and the elastic buffer layer is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base.
[0017] Preferably, the pigment tank is provided with a porous material.
[0018] The utility model discloses the following technical effects:
[0019] The utility model discloses a clamping assembly is to the concrete test piece clamping, makes the adjusting assembly can be through clamping assembly first drive concrete test piece to descend to the inside of pigment tank and carry out the dipping of pigment, then adjusting assembly drives concrete test piece and shifts and positions to the above of printing position, again through adjusting assembly drives concrete test piece that dips the pigment and drops, and the surface texture or defect of concrete test piece is transferred to printing position.
[0020] The utility model discloses simple structure, low in cost, need not external power supply to can carry out the transfer printing of concrete test piece surface texture or defect. DRAWINGS DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model or prior art, the following will be to the drawing needed in the embodiment of using briefly introduces, obviously, the drawing in the following description only is some embodiments of the utility model, for the ordinary skilled person in the art comes, under the premise of not paying the creative labor, still can obtain other drawings according to these drawings.
[0022] Fig. 1 It is the whole front view structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0023] Fig. 2 It is the whole rear view structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0024] Wherein, 1, base, 2, printing position, 3, pigment tank, 4, clamping assembly, 5, first connecting rod, 6, hinge one, 7, second connecting rod, 8, crossbeam, 9, first fixed wheel, 10, first stand, 11, hinge two, 12, hinge three, 13, second stand, 14, manual rocker, 15, rotating disc, 16, second fixed wheel, 17, third connecting rod, 18, hinge four, 19, third fixed wheel, 20, fourth connecting rod, 21, hinge five, 22, hinge six, 23, fifth connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the utility model.
[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more apparent and easy to understand, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0027] With reference to Figs. 1-2 The utility model discloses a diversion tunnel concrete surface roughness measuring device, including base 1, the top surface of base 1 is provided with the printing pressure 2 and pigment groove 3, one side of pigment groove 3 is provided with first column 10 and second column 13, first column 10 is close to pigment groove 3 and is provided, be provided with the adjusting assembly for driving concrete test piece to move on first column 10, adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with drive assembly, and drive assembly is set up between first column 10 and second column 13;The bottom of the side of adjusting assembly towards printing pressure 2 and pigment groove 3 is fixedly connected with the clamping assembly 4 for clamping concrete test piece, and adjusting assembly is used to drive clamping assembly 4 and moves between printing pressure 2 and pigment groove 3.
[0028] Clamping assembly 4 can be adapted to concrete test piece of different sizes through bolt or buckle, and the contact surface of clamping assembly 4 is arc-shaped rubber pad, which can adapt to the curved concrete test block of diversion tunnel.
[0029] Clamping assembly 4 adopts the structure that can effectively clamp concrete test piece in the prior art, that is, clamping assembly 4 can clamp concrete test piece of different sizes.
[0030] The utility model through clamping assembly 4 clamps concrete test piece, makes adjusting assembly can drive concrete test piece to descend to pigment groove 3 and dip pigment first through clamping assembly 4, then adjusting assembly drives concrete test piece and shifts and positions to the top of printing pressure 2, then through adjusting assembly drives concrete test piece that dips pigment and descends, and the surface texture or defect of concrete test piece is transferred to printing pressure 2.
[0031] The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and can transfer the surface texture or defect of concrete test piece without external power supply.
[0032] The further optimization scheme is that the adjusting assembly comprises a cross beam 8, the first fixed wheel 9 and the second fixed wheel 16 are rotatably connected to one side of the cross beam 8 close to the pigment tank 3, the first fixed wheel 9 is arranged close to the printing and pressing position 2, the first multi-stage connecting rod part is arranged between the first fixed wheel 9 and the second fixed wheel 16, the third fixed wheel 19 is arranged on the side, away from the first fixed wheel 9, of the cross beam 8, and the third fixed wheel 19 is connected to the driving assembly through the second multi-stage connecting rod part. The second fixed wheel 16 is above the pigment tank 3.
[0033] The second multi-stage connecting rod part is driven to move by the driving assembly, and the second multi-stage connecting rod part drives the first multi-stage connecting rod part to move.
[0034] The further optimization scheme is that one end of the cross beam 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the first vertical column 10, and the other end of the cross beam 8 faces the printing and pressing position 2, so that the concrete test piece can be conveniently moved between the pigment tank 3 and the printing and pressing position 2.
[0035] The further optimization scheme is that the first multi-stage connecting rod part comprises the second connecting rod 7 fixedly connected to the first fixed wheel 9, the second connecting rod 7 is fixedly connected to the hinge two 11 at an end, away from the first fixed wheel 9, of the second connecting rod 7, the hinge two 11 is rotatably connected to the hinge three 12, the hinge three 12 is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod 5, the first connecting rod 5 is fixedly connected to the hinge one 6 at an end, away from the hinge three 12, of the first connecting rod 5, the hinge one 6 is rotatably connected to the hinge four 18, and the hinge four 18 is connected to the second fixed wheel 16 through the third connecting rod 17. The first connecting rod 5 is arranged in a T shape, and the clamping assembly 4 is arranged at the bottom of the vertical rod of the first connecting rod 5.
[0036] The first connecting rod 5 can move in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction around the first fixed wheel 9 or the second fixed wheel 16 as the center, respectively, and the transfer printing surface of the concrete test piece can always face the base 1.
[0037] The further optimization scheme is that the second multi-stage connecting rod part comprises the fourth connecting rod 20 fixedly connected to the third fixed wheel 19, the fourth connecting rod 20 is fixedly connected to the hinge five 21 at an end, away from the third fixed wheel 19, of the fourth connecting rod 20, the hinge five 21 is rotatably connected to the hinge six 22, and the hinge six 22 is connected to the driving assembly through the fifth connecting rod 23. The third fixed wheel 19 is fixedly connected to the first fixed wheel 9 through a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft penetrates through the cross beam 8 and is rotatably connected to the cross beam 8.
[0038] The hinge six 22 is driven to rotate around the hinge five 21 through the fifth connecting rod 23, the hinge five 21 drives the third fixed wheel 19 to rotate through the fourth connecting rod 20, the third fixed wheel 19 drives the first fixed wheel 9 to rotate through the transmission shaft, the first fixed wheel 9 drives the hinge two 11 to rotate around the hinge three 12 through the second connecting rod 7, the hinge three 12 drives the hinge one 6 to rotate through the first connecting rod 5, the hinge one 6 rotates around the hinge four 18, the hinge four 18 rotates around the second fixed wheel 16 through the third connecting rod 17, and the first connecting rod 5 can effectively drive the clamping assembly 4 to move.
[0039] Further optimization scheme, drive assembly includes set between the first column 10 and the second column 13 rotating disc 15, both sides of the rotating disc 15 are respectively provided with arc-shaped sliding groove, the arc-shaped sliding groove towards the first column 10 is slidably connected with a cylinder, the cylinder is fixedly connected with the first column 10, the arc-shaped sliding groove towards the second column 13 is provided with a plurality of teeth, the teeth are engaged with a gear, the gear is drivingly connected with a manual rocker 14, the manual rocker 14 penetrates through the second column 13 and is rotatably connected with the second column 13.
[0040] The operating angle of the manual rocker 14 is 0-90°, and the vertical stroke of the drive clamping assembly 4 descending to the pigment tank 3 is 5cm.
[0041] The gear is driven to rotate by the manual rocker 14, the gear moves along the rack, the rotating disc 15 is driven to rotate, and the fifth connecting rod 23 is driven to move by the rotating disc 15.
[0042] Further optimization scheme, the center of the arc-shaped sliding groove and the center of the rotating disc 15 are on the same center. The rotating disc 15 can effectively rotate along the cylinder.
[0043] Further optimization scheme, the first column 10 and the second column 13 are both telescopic rods.
[0044] The first column 10 and the second column 13 both include a fixed cylinder, the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected with the base 1, a movable rod is slidably connected in the fixed cylinder, one movable rod is fixedly connected with the cylinder, the manual rocker 14 is installed on the other movable rod, the fixed cylinder and the movable rod are respectively provided with positioning holes, the positioning holes on the fixed cylinder are symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, a latch is detachably connected in the positioning hole, when the positioning holes on the movable rod and the two positioning holes on the fixed cylinder are on the same center axis, the latch can effectively penetrate through the positioning holes on the movable rod and the two positioning holes on the fixed cylinder, so that the movable rod remains in a positioning state.
[0045] By adjusting the height of the first column 10 and the second column 13, the clamping assembly 4 can effectively drive the concrete test piece to move.
[0046] Further optimization scheme, the printing pressure part 2 is provided with an elastic buffer layer, the elastic buffer layer is fixedly connected on the top surface of the base 1. The elastic buffer layer is made of waterproof silica gel material to improve the clarity of image transfer and adapt to the high humidity environment of the tunnel.
[0047] Further optimization scheme, a porous material is installed in the pigment tank 3. The porous material can uniformly distribute the pigment and reduce dripping. The porous material is made of sponge and the like.
[0048] Working process:
[0049] Dipping pigment: the concrete specimen is clamped by the clamping assembly 4, and then the manual rocker 14 is rotated to drive the clamping assembly 4 to drive the concrete specimen to extend into the pigment tank 3, so that the concrete specimen is dipped with pigment.
[0050] Transfer positioning: the manual rocker 14 is rotated to drive the clamping assembly 4 to drive the concrete specimen to ascend, and after the concrete specimen is above the pigment tank 3, the clamping assembly 4 drives the concrete specimen to move horizontally to above the printing pressure position 2.
[0051] Image printing: the manual rocker 14 is rotated to drive the clamping assembly 4 to drive the concrete specimen to descend, so that the surface texture or defect of the concrete specimen is transferred to the elastic buffer layer of the printing pressure position 2.
[0052] Image acquisition: the transferred image is taken out for subsequent processing and analysis.
[0053] The method for calculating the surface roughness of the concrete specimen is as follows:
[0054] Image graying: the transferred image is subjected to graying processing to generate a gray image.
[0055] Binary segmentation: the gray image is subjected to binary processing according to a preset threshold value, such as an Otsu algorithm adaptive threshold value, to extract a black pixel area representing a concave-convex structure.
[0056] Pixel statistics: the proportion of the black pixel area to the total pixel area (denoted as P) is calculated.
[0057] Roughness calculation: the roughness is calculated based on an empirical formula (n=F(P)) between the P value and the Manning roughness coefficient n established based on a calibration experiment. The empirical formula is n=0.01+0.03P, wherein P is the proportion of the black pixel after binary processing.
[0058] Through the above method, the surface roughness of the concrete is quickly and accurately estimated, and the method is especially suitable for on-site detection of curved surface structures such as water diversion tunnels and environments without power supply.
[0059] The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, adoption of pure mechanical structure, no need of electronic devices or external power supply, and reduction of equipment cost and maintenance difficulty.
[0060] The utility model has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency, completion of image transfer through manual operation, and suitability for on-site rapid detection.
[0061] The utility model has the advantages of strong adaptability, clamping of the clamping assembly 4 on concrete specimens of different sizes, and adoption of an elastic buffer layer by the printing pressure position 2, so that the curved surface concrete specimen of the water diversion tunnel can be adapted.
[0062] The utility model has the advantages of strong environmental adaptability, no need of power supply, and adoption of waterproof material by the printing pressure position, so that the utility model is suitable for a high-humidity environment of a tunnel.
[0063] Accuracy is reliable: based on image processing algorithm and calibration experiment, the roughness is realized quickly and accurately.
[0064] The utility model provides a reliable manual solution for the detection of the roughness of the concrete surface of the diversion tunnel, and has a wide application prospect.
[0065] Application example:
[0066] In a certain diversion tunnel construction site, the roughness of the concrete surface of the tunnel inner wall needs to be detected.
[0067] Operation steps:
[0068] Carry the base 1 to the tunnel inner wall, and ensure that the device base 1 is placed stably.
[0069] Cut the concrete test piece from the tunnel inner wall and fix it on the test piece clamping assembly 4.
[0070] Complete the image transfer operation and obtain the transferred image.
[0071] Calculate the roughness coefficient n by the image processing method of the transferred image.
[0072] Result analysis: according to the calculation result, the roughness of the tunnel inner wall is evaluated, and data support is provided for subsequent maintenance or optimization design.
[0073] Notes:
[0074] During operation, the device base 1 should be stable to avoid blurred transferred image due to shaking.
[0075] The pigment in the pigment tank 3 should be replaced regularly to ensure uniform distribution of the pigment.
[0076] The clamping assembly 4 should be checked regularly to ensure that the clamping force is moderate and the concrete test piece is not damaged.
[0077] Calibration experiment should be carried out regularly to ensure the accuracy of the empirical formula.
[0078] In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.
[0079] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred modes of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application as defined by the claims.
Claims
1. A device for measuring the roughness of a surface of a concrete conduit, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a concrete test piece printing and dyeing device, including base (1), the top of base (1) is provided with the printing and dyeing place (2) and pigment groove (3), one side of pigment groove (3) is provided with first column (10) and second column (13) symmetry, first column (10) is close to pigment groove (3) and is provided, be provided with the adjusting assembly for the mobile concrete test piece of first column (10) on first column (10), adjusting assembly fixedly connected with drive assembly, drive assembly sets up between first column (10) with second column (13), Adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with the clamping assembly (4) for the concrete test piece of clamping to one side bottom of printing and dyeing place (2) and pigment groove (3) towards, adjusting assembly is used to drive clamping assembly (4) moves between printing and dyeing place (2) and pigment groove (3).
2. The surface roughness measuring device for a diversion tunnel concrete surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting assembly includes crossbeam (8), first fixed wheel (9) and second fixed wheel (16) are rotatably connected on the side close to pigment groove (3) of crossbeam (8), first fixed wheel (9) is close to printing and dyeing place (2) and is provided, first fixed wheel (9) with second fixed wheel (16) between setting has first multistage link part, the side of crossbeam (8) away from first fixed wheel (9) is provided with third fixed wheel (19), third fixed wheel (19) is connected with drive assembly through second multistage link part.
3. The surface roughness measuring device for a diversion tunnel concrete surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of one end of the crossbeam (8) is fixedly connected with the top of the first column (10), and the other end of the crossbeam (8) is towards the printing and dyeing place (2).
4. The surface roughness measuring device for a diversion tunnel concrete surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first multistage link part includes a second link (7) fixedly connected with the first fixed wheel (9), the second link (7) is fixedly connected with a hinge two (11) at one end away from the first fixed wheel (9), the hinge two (11) is rotatably connected with a hinge three (12), the hinge three (12) is fixedly connected with a first link (5), the first link (5) is fixedly connected with a hinge one (6) at one end away from the hinge three (12), the hinge one (6) is rotatably connected with a hinge four (18), the hinge four (18) is connected with the second fixed wheel (16) through a third link (17).
5. The surface roughness measuring device for a diversion tunnel concrete surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second multistage link part includes a fourth link (20) fixedly connected with the third fixed wheel (19), the fourth link (20) is fixedly connected with a hinge five (21) at one end away from the third fixed wheel (19), the hinge five (21) is rotatably connected with a hinge six (22), the hinge six (22) is connected with the drive assembly through a fifth link (23).
6. The surface roughness measuring device for a diversion tunnel concrete surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a rotating disc (15) arranged between the first stand (10) and the second stand (13), arc-shaped sliding grooves are formed on two sides of the rotating disc (15), a cylinder is slidably connected in the arc-shaped sliding groove towards the first stand (10), the cylinder is fixedly connected with the first stand (10), a plurality of teeth are formed in the arc-shaped sliding groove towards the second stand (13), the teeth are engaged with a gear, the gear is drivingly connected with a manual rocker (14), and the manual rocker (14) penetrates through the second stand (13) and is rotationally connected with the second stand (13).
7. The surface roughness measuring device for a diversion tunnel concrete surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: The center of the arc-shaped sliding groove is the same as the center of the rotating disc (15).
8. The surface roughness measuring device for a diversion tunnel concrete surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stand (10) and the second stand (13) are both telescopic rods.
9. The surface roughness measuring device for a diversion tunnel concrete surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing and pressing part (2) is provided with an elastic buffer layer, and the elastic buffer layer is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base (1).
10. The surface roughness measuring device for a diversion tunnel concrete surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pigment tank (3) is provided with a porous material.