Marine fireproof cable

Abstract

The utility model provides a marine fire-resistant cable, the marine fire-resistant cable comprises a conductor, an insulating layer, a nanometer aerogel composite belt, an enhanced mica tape and an outer sheath from inside to outside, and the nanometer aerogel composite belt takes a flexible silicon dioxide aerogel felt or a fiber-enhanced silicon dioxide aerogel composite material as a base material. According to the marine fireproof cable, a composite structure of the nano aerogel composite tape and the enhanced mica tape is adopted, cooperative protection is realized, the outer mica tape forms a firm ceramic insulation shell when encountering fire, and fireproof protection is realized; the inner-layer nano aerogel forms an efficient heat insulation barrier, so that the internal temperature is far lower than the external temperature.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to cable technical field especially relates to a marine fire -resistant cable. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cable arrangement of the occasions such as ship and ocean platform is dense, space is closed, the safety requirement is extremely high, once the fire occurs, the cable must guarantee the power of key equipment such as fire pump, emergency lighting, communication system in very short time, and personnel evacuation and fire fighting gain time. Therefore, it has important safety significance to improve the fire resistance and reliability of marine cable.

[0003] At present, the marine fire -resistant cable mainly adopts two technical routes: one is mica tape wrapping structure, that is, mica tape is wrapped around the outer layer of the conductor, and the insulation hard shell is formed by losing crystal water and glassing under high temperature, but its heat insulation effect is limited, and it is easy to powder under high temperature and separate from the conductor under flame impact and mechanical vibration, leading to the decline of fire resistance. Two is mineral insulated cable, which uses magnesium oxide powder as insulation layer, and has excellent fire resistance, but the manufacturing process is complex, the cost is high, the weight is large, and the bending performance is poor, which is difficult to meet the installation requirements of complex wiring of ship. The existing technology generally has the problems of unbalanced fire resistance and heat insulation performance, insufficient reliability in mechanical vibration environment, and difficult to balance light weight and flexibility.

[0004] However, the above existing technologies all have obvious defects. The mica tape structure has unbalanced fire resistance and heat insulation performance, and the internal temperature is easy to rise rapidly. The mineral insulated cable is difficult to balance light weight and flexibility. Both of them may crack and fall off under continuous mechanical vibration and flame impact, and the reliability is insufficient. Therefore, the existing marine fire -resistant cable is difficult to meet the comprehensive performance requirements of excellent fire resistance, heat insulation, light weight, flexibility and vibration adaptability at the same time.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing marine fire -resistant cable to solve the above problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0006] The utility model aims at providing a marine fire -resistant cable to solve the problem that the existing marine cable is difficult to meet the comprehensive performance requirements of excellent fire resistance, heat insulation, light weight, flexibility and vibration adaptability at the same time.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a marine fire -resistant cable, which comprises a conductor, an insulation layer, a nano aerogel composite tape, a reinforced mica tape and an outer sheath from inside to outside, and the nano aerogel composite tape takes flexible silica aerogel felt or fiber reinforced silica aerogel composite material as the base material.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, the thickness of the nanometer aerogel composite tape is 0.5-2.0 mm.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the pore size of the aerogel of the nanometer aerogel composite tape is 10-50 nm, and the specific surface area is greater than 600 m2 / g.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the reinforced mica tape is made of glass cloth or polyimide film.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the reinforced mica tape is wrapped around the nanometer aerogel composite tape in a 45°-50° overlapping manner.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, the marine fire-resistant cable further comprises a tape wrapping layer arranged between the reinforced mica tape and the outer sheath.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the tape wrapping layer is wrapped by non-woven fabric or polyester tape.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, the insulation layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, the outer sheath is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material.

[0016] The marine fire-resistant cable of the present application adopts the composite structure of nanometer aerogel composite tape and reinforced mica tape, realizes collaborative protection, the outer mica tape forms a solid ceramic insulation shell when encountering fire, realizes fire-resistant protection; the inner nanometer aerogel forms a high-efficiency heat insulation barrier, so that the internal temperature is much lower than the external temperature. The flexible aerogel base material and the reinforced mica tape are complementary in rigidity and flexibility, which not only guarantees the flexibility and vibration resistance of the cable, but also avoids the risk of cracking under vibration impact, the overall structure is stable and light, and finally realizes overall consideration in terms of fire resistance, heat insulation, flexibility and vibration adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, the schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the marine fire-resistant cable of the present application.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1, marine fire-resistant cable; 11, conductor; 12, insulation layer; 13, nanometer aerogel composite tape; 14, reinforced mica tape; 15, outer sheath; 16, tape wrapping layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely in connection with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1 The marine fire-resistant cable 1 of the present application comprises, from the inside out, a conductor 11, an insulating layer 12, a nano-aerogel composite tape 13, a reinforced mica tape 14 and an outer sheath 15. The nano-aerogel composite tape 13 uses flexible silica aerogel felt or fiber-reinforced silica aerogel composite material as the base material.

[0024] In this embodiment, by providing the nano-aerogel composite tape 13 and the reinforced mica tape 14, the core problems of unbalanced fire resistance and heat insulation, poor mechanical reliability and difficult to balance comprehensive performance in the conventional technology are fundamentally solved.

[0025] The nano-aerogel composite tape 13 is placed inside the reinforced mica tape 14 to form a synergistic fire-resistant layer with internal heat insulation and external insulation.

[0026] When a fire occurs, the outer reinforced mica tape 14 first vitrifies at high temperatures, forming a robust ceramic-like insulating shell that effectively resists direct flame impact and prevents short circuits. At the same time, the inner nano-aerogel composite tape 13, with its extremely low thermal conductivity, greatly blocks the transfer of external high temperatures to the internal conductor 11 and insulation layer 12.

[0027] Using pure aerogel directly results in poor cable bending performance due to its high brittleness. By using flexible silica aerogel felt or fiber-reinforced silica aerogel composite material, nano-aerogel is fixed in a flexible skeleton, fundamentally solving the brittleness problem of aerogel. This allows the marine fire-resistant cable to maintain good overall flexibility, facilitating its installation in the complex spaces of a ship.

[0028] The fire-resistant layer, formed by tightly bonding the high-temperature resistant adhesive to the insulation layer 12 and the reinforced mica tape 14, integrates the fire-resistant layer with the other parts of the marine fire-resistant cable 1 into a robust whole. This integrated structure significantly enhances the stability of the fire-resistant layer under the continuous vibration environment of the ship, effectively preventing delamination, cracking, or detachment that is prone to occur in traditional mica tape structures, and greatly improving the reliability for long-term use.

[0029] Aerogel has a low density, and the cable structure based on it achieves significant weight reduction, reducing the overall weight of the ship and its operating energy consumption, and making it easier to handle and install.

[0030] The marine fire-resistant cable 1 of this patent application can simultaneously meet the requirements of excellent fire resistance, heat insulation, lightweight, flexibility and vibration adaptability.

[0031] The thickness of the nano-aerogel composite strip 13 is 0.5-2.0 mm.

[0032] The nano-aerogel composite tape 13 has a thickness of no less than 0.5 mm, ensuring sufficient volume of the nano-aerogel material to form an effective "thermal insulation barrier." A thickness not exceeding 2.0 mm effectively controls the thickness of this critical functional layer, avoiding excessive cable diameter, weight increase, and rigidity enhancement due to an excessively thick insulation layer. This directly benefits the overall lightweight and flexibility of the cable, enabling it to adapt to the complex and confined wiring spaces inside ships and providing excellent bending performance. This solves the "inconvenient installation" problem caused by the thickness and large bending radius of traditional mineral-insulated cables. The thickness range ensures that its extremely low thermal conductivity (below 0.02 W / m·K) can fully function, achieving a significant thermal insulation effect: "under the same flame conditions, its internal temperature is more than 150°C lower than that of cables using only mica tape," providing a crucial guarantee for meeting high standards of fire resistance time requirements.

[0033] The aerogel in the nano-aerogel composite belt 13 has a pore size of 10-50 nanometers and a specific surface area greater than 600 m².2 The nanoscale pore size (10-50 nm) can effectively limit the convective heat transfer of air molecules, while the huge specific surface area (600 m² / g) enhances the scattering and absorption of thermal radiation. The two work together to make the nanogel composite tape 13 have a very low thermal conductivity, so it can act as a "heat shield" in the core of the fire, greatly slowing down the heat transfer inward, which is the physical basis for achieving the excellent heat insulation effect of "internal temperature more than 150°C lower than the cable with only mica tape".

[0034] The reinforced mica tape 14 is made of glass cloth or polyimide film. By using glass cloth or polyimide film as the reinforcing substrate, the mechanical strength and tear resistance of the reinforced mica tape 14 are significantly improved, so that it is not easy to crack or powder under the continuous mechanical vibration of the ship and the impact of the flame, thereby ensuring the structural integrity of the high-temperature insulation hard shell composed of the reinforced mica tape 14 and improving the overall reliability of the fire-resistant layer.

[0035] The reinforced mica tape 14 is wrapped around the nanogel composite tape 13 in a 45°-50° overlapping manner. This wrapping method can make the reinforced mica tape 14 structure more continuous and dense, effectively prevent high-temperature flame and smoke from penetrating from the joint, and at the same time enhance the structural strength and consistency of the overall fire-resistant layer, so that it is not easy to loosen or crack under the high temperature of the fire and external mechanical vibration, thereby ensuring the stable formation and persistent protection of the insulation hard shell.

[0036] The marine fire-resistant cable 1 also includes a tape wrapping layer 16 arranged between the reinforced mica tape 14 and the outer sheath 15. The tape wrapping layer 16 can provide buffering, shaping and mechanical support for the internal key fire-resistant layer, preventing the marine fire-resistant cable 1 from damaging the fire-resistant layer due to structural deformation during laying, use and heating, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the fire-resistant performance.

[0037] The tape wrapping layer 16 is wrapped with non-woven fabric or polyester tape. This arrangement can provide good buffering, bundling and heat insulation, enhance the integrity and roundness of the marine fire-resistant cable 1, and provide additional protection for the internal fire-resistant layer during the initial stage of the fire.

[0038] The insulation layer 12 is made of cross-linked polyethylene. Cross-linked polyethylene gives the marine fire-resistant cable 1 excellent electrical insulation performance, heat resistance and mechanical strength, ensuring the electrical safety and reliability of the marine fire-resistant cable 1 during normal operation and the initial stage of the fire.

[0039] The outer sheath 15 is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material. Low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material can ensure that the cable has high-efficiency flame-retardant properties when exposed to fire, and can minimize the generation of toxic smoke and corrosive gases, greatly improving the safety of personnel in a fire scenario.

[0040] The marine fire-resistant cable 1 adopts the composite structure of the nano aerogel composite tape 13 and the reinforced mica tape 14, realizes cooperative protection, the outer mica tape forms a firm ceramic insulation shell when meeting fire, realizes fire-resistant protection; the inner nano aerogel forms a high-efficiency heat insulation barrier, so that the internal temperature is far lower than the outside. The flexible aerogel base material and the reinforced mica tape are complementary in rigidity and flexibility, which not only guarantees the flexibility and vibration resistance of the cable, but also avoids the risk of cracking under vibration impact, the overall structure is stable and light, and finally realizes overall consideration in fire resistance, heat insulation, flexibility and vibration adaptability.

[0041] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, and to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictory, it should be considered that it is within the scope of the present application.

[0042] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fire resistant marine cable, characterized by: The marine fire-resistant cable comprises, from inside to outside, a conductor, an insulation layer, a nano-aerogel composite tape, a reinforced mica tape and an outer sheath, wherein the nano-aerogel composite tape is based on a flexible silica aerogel felt or a fiber-reinforced silica aerogel composite material.

2. Marine fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the nano-aerogel composite tape is 0.5-2.0 mm.

3. Marine fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nanoporous aerogel of the nanoporous aerogel composite tape has a pore size of 10-50 nm and a specific surface area of greater than 600 m 2 / g.

4. Marine fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforced mica tape is made of glass cloth or polyimide film.

5. Marine fire resistant cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reinforced mica tape is wrapped around the nano-aerogel composite tape in a 45°-50° overlapping manner.

6. Marine fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marine fire-resistant cable further comprises a tape layer arranged between the reinforced mica tape and the outer sheath.

7. Marine fire resistant cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tape layer is wrapped by non-woven fabric or polyester tape.

8. Marine fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene.

9. Marine fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sheath is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material.

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