Performance test system for photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly performance test system. The system comprises a compressor, a condenser and a throttling element which are connected in sequence; a first branch and a second branch are connected in parallel between the outlet of the throttling element and the inlet of the compressor, and the on-off of the first branch and the second branch is controllable; the first branch circuit is used for accessing a photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly to be tested; the second branch comprises an adjustable pressure gauge and an evaporator which are connected in series, the adjustable pressure gauge is connected to an outlet of the throttling element, and the evaporator is connected to an inlet of the compressor; and the adjustable heat source is used for outputting target heat power to the photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly. According to the utility model, based on the first branch and the adjustable heat source, the thermal efficiency and pressure drop test of the single photovoltaic photo-thermal assembly can be conveniently and efficiently realized, and based on the adjustable pressure gauge and the evaporator, a heat pump system corresponding to at least one assembly under a specific series-parallel connection structure can be constructed under the condition that a test tool is not changed. Therefore, the heat pump system performance is conveniently and efficiently obtained, the test efficiency is improved, and the test cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to photovoltaic light heat component technical field, specifically, relate to a photovoltaic light heat component performance test system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The energy that sun projects to the earth is very much, can reach 1.73*10 17 W, equivalent to 1.73 million million kilowatt class power plant's total power, than the energy of all types that human beings uses every year still more times, so photovoltaic power generation technology is considered as one of the most potential new energy technologies.

[0003] The photovoltaic power generation has the key problem that needs to be solved in the use process: in theory, the better the sunshine condition, the greater the sunlight, the more the irradiation energy that is put into the photovoltaic board, so the more the power generation of photovoltaic board, but the photovoltaic board has the disadvantageous phenomenon that the power generation efficiency decreases significantly with the temperature rise, and the better the sunshine condition will lead to the significant rise of the working temperature of photovoltaic board, thereby greatly reducing its power generation efficiency.

[0004] If the waste heat due to illumination during photovoltaic operation is promptly removed, not only the good working temperature of photovoltaic board can be maintained, but also the heat energy output can be increased without increasing the photovoltaic area, achieving the purpose of killing two birds with one stone. Therefore, a photovoltaic light heat pump system is appeared, which comprises a refrigerant circulation loop composed of a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element and a photovoltaic light heat component connected in sequence, and the refrigerant flows through the photovoltaic light heat component, which can recover the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic board while generating electricity.

[0005] In view of the rapid development trend of photovoltaic light heat component, it is necessary to test the thermal efficiency of photovoltaic light heat component and test the performance of photovoltaic light heat pump system. Different photovoltaic light heat components have different structures and sizes, have different flow resistance and thermal efficiency, and the differences of these parameters will lead to significant differences in the performance of the photovoltaic light heat pump system formed by them. The photovoltaic light heat pump system can contain multiple photovoltaic light heat components, which are connected in series and / or parallel, and these components have different series and parallel structures, and their refrigerant flow paths are different, corresponding to different flow rates and thermal efficiencies, which will also significantly affect the performance of the photovoltaic light heat pump system.

[0006] At present, in the actual test process, corresponding component series and parallel structure needs to be built for the test object, the photovoltaic light heat component area is large, occupies large space, which may exceed the volume of the laboratory, leading to the difficulty of experiment. Moreover, different numbers and different series and parallel structures of photovoltaic light heat components correspond to different refrigerant charging amounts, which need to be recharged with refrigerant, increase the test cost, and also need to reconnect multiple interfaces, waste a lot of manpower and time. Practical new type content

[0007] The embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of photovoltaic photo-thermal component performance test system, to at least solve the problems of cumbersome, low efficiency and high cost in prior art photovoltaic photo-thermal component performance test.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides a kind of photovoltaic photo-thermal component performance test system, comprising:

[0009] Compressor, condenser and throttling element connected in turn;

[0010] The outlet of the throttling element is connected in parallel with the inlet of the compressor, and the first branch and the second branch are controlled;

[0011] The first branch is used to access the photovoltaic photo-thermal component to be tested;

[0012] The second branch includes an adjustable pressure device and an evaporator connected in series, the adjustable pressure device is connected to the outlet of the throttling element, and the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the compressor;

[0013] Adjustable heat source for outputting target thermal power of the photovoltaic photo-thermal component.

[0014] Optionally, a first switch is provided at the inlet of the first branch, and a second switch is provided at the inlet of the second branch.

[0015] Optionally, the first branch includes a first interface and a second interface, the first interface is used to connect the inlet of the photovoltaic photo-thermal component, and the second interface is used to connect the outlet of the photovoltaic photo-thermal component.

[0016] Optionally, the first branch is provided with:

[0017] A first flow sensor is used to detect the inlet refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic photo-thermal component;

[0018] A first temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic photo-thermal component;

[0019] A second temperature sensor is used to detect the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic photo-thermal component;

[0020] A first pressure sensor is used to detect the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic photo-thermal component;

[0021] A second pressure sensor is used to detect the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic photo-thermal component.

[0022] Optionally, the second branch is provided with:

[0023] a third temperature sensor located at the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator for detecting the inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator;

[0024] a fourth temperature sensor located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator for detecting the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator;

[0025] a third pressure sensor located at the inlet of the pressure regulator for detecting the inlet pressure of the second branch;

[0026] a fourth pressure sensor located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator for detecting the outlet pressure of the second branch.

[0027] Optionally, the refrigerant in the evaporator is exchanged by a first water circulation loop, water with the same temperature as the target test environment temperature is inputted into the evaporator, and the first water circulation loop is provided with:

[0028] a fifth temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature flowing out of the evaporator;

[0029] a sixth temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature flowing into the evaporator;

[0030] a second flow sensor for detecting the water flow rate flowing through the evaporator.

[0031] Optionally, the refrigerant in the condenser is exchanged by a second water circulation loop, and the second water circulation loop is provided with:

[0032] a seventh temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature flowing out of the condenser;

[0033] an eighth temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature flowing into the condenser;

[0034] a third flow sensor for detecting the water flow rate flowing through the condenser.

[0035] Optionally, the system further comprises a power meter for detecting the total power consumption of the system when the second branch is connected.

[0036] The technical scheme of the utility model can conveniently and efficiently realize the thermal efficiency and pressure drop test of the single photovoltaic and photo-thermal component based on the first branch and the adjustable heat source, can further construct the heat pump system corresponding to at least one component in the specific series-parallel structure based on the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator in the second branch without changing the test tooling according to the test result of the single photovoltaic and photo-thermal component, so that the heat pump system performance corresponding to different component series-parallel structures can be conveniently and efficiently obtained, the problem of complicated performance test, low efficiency and high cost of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component in the prior art is solved, and the test efficiency is greatly improved, only the single photovoltaic and photo-thermal component needs to be connected, the required test site is reduced, and the test time and cost are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component performance test system provided by the utility model embodiment;

[0038] Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component performance test system provided by the utility model embodiment;

[0039] Figure 3 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component performance test method provided by the utility model embodiment;

[0040] Figure 4 is the specific flow chart of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component performance test method provided by the utility model embodiment;

[0041] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Compressor 11, condenser 12, throttling element 13, adjustable pressure device 14, evaporator 15, photovoltaic and photo-thermal component to be tested 16, adjustable heat source 17, first water pump and heat source 18, second water pump and heat source 19;

[0043] First switch K1, second switch K2, first interface J1, second interface J2;

[0044] First flow sensor G1, second flow sensor G2, third flow sensor G3, first temperature sensor T1, second temperature sensor T2, third temperature sensor T3, fourth temperature sensor T4, fifth temperature sensor T5, sixth temperature sensor T6, seventh temperature sensor T7, eighth temperature sensor T8, first pressure sensor P1, second pressure sensor P2, third pressure sensor P3, fourth pressure sensor P4, power meter W1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model will be described in further detail below in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the utility model.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the description and claims of the utility model and the drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not have to be used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0047] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that here.

[0048] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used herein is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are a "or" relationship.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] The embodiment provides a photovoltaic and photo-thermal component performance test system, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component performance test system provided by the utility model embodiment, as Figure 1 The photovoltaic and photo-thermal component performance test system comprises:

[0051] The compressor 11, the condenser 12 and the throttling element 13 are connected in sequence; the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel between the outlet of the throttling element 13 and the inlet of the compressor 11, and the first branch and the second branch are controllable, the first branch is used to connect the photovoltaic-thermal component 16 to be tested, and the second branch comprises the adjustable pressure device 14 and the evaporator 15 connected in series, the adjustable pressure device 14 is connected to the outlet of the throttling element 13, and the evaporator 15 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 11.

[0052] The adjustable heat source 17 is used to output a target heat power to the photovoltaic-thermal component 16.

[0053] The monolithic photovoltaic-thermal component 16 to be tested is connected to the first branch, and the adjustable heat source 17 is used to apply a heat power required for testing to the connected photovoltaic-thermal component 16, so that the photovoltaic-thermal component 16 generates electricity through photovoltaic effect; when the first branch is connected, the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the throttling element 13 and the photovoltaic-thermal component 16 form a refrigerant circulation loop, and the refrigerant discharged by the compressor 11 is sequentially condensed by the condenser 12 and throttled by the throttling element 13, and then enters the photovoltaic-thermal component 16 to absorb heat, so that the heat efficiency and the pressure drop of the monolithic photovoltaic-thermal component 16 can be tested, and the adjustable heat source 17 can be turned off after the monolithic component test is completed. The heat efficiency of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16 refers to the ratio of the heat absorption amount of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component 16 to the total heat amount input by the adjustable heat source 17 to the photovoltaic-thermal component 16.

[0054] The photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system comprises at least one photovoltaic-thermal component, and when the photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system comprises at least two photovoltaic-thermal components, the at least two photovoltaic-thermal components are connected in series and / or in parallel, and a specific component series-parallel connection structure is specified according to actual testing requirements.

[0055] The test results of the monolithic photovoltaic-thermal component obtained when the first branch is connected are combined with the specified component series-parallel connection structure, so that the target heat absorption amount and the target pressure drop corresponding to the specified component series-parallel connection structure can be determined. When the second branch is connected, the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the throttling element 13, the adjustable pressure device 14 and the evaporator 15 form a refrigerant circulation loop, and the refrigerant discharged by the compressor 11 is sequentially condensed by the condenser 12 and throttled by the throttling element 13, and then enters the evaporator 15 to absorb heat. By controlling the evaporator to reach the target heat absorption amount and the target superheat and the second branch to reach the target pressure drop, a heat pump system in the same state as the heat pump system comprising the specified component series-parallel connection structure is constructed based on the second branch, and the performance (i.e. the energy efficiency ratio) of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel connection structure can be calculated at this time.

[0056] The throttling element 13 can be an electronic expansion valve or the like element with throttling function. The adjustable pressure device 14 is used to adjust the pressure drop of the second branch, and the pressure drop of the second branch under the current refrigerant flow can be adjusted by changing the pipe diameter or the pipe length, etc. For example, the adjustable pressure device 14 can be a valve with adjustable opening degree.

[0057] The photovoltaic-thermal component performance test system of the embodiment can conveniently and efficiently realize the thermal efficiency and pressure drop test of a single photovoltaic-thermal component based on the first branch and the adjustable heat source 17, and can further construct at least one corresponding heat pump system of the component under a specific series-parallel structure based on the adjustable pressure device 14 and the evaporator 15 in the second branch without changing the test tooling, so as to conveniently and efficiently obtain the performance of the heat pump system corresponding to different series-parallel structures of the component, and solve the problems of complicated performance test, low efficiency and high cost of the photovoltaic-thermal component in the prior art, greatly improving the test efficiency, and only needing to connect a single photovoltaic-thermal component, thereby reducing the required experimental site and test time and cost.

[0058] A first switch K1 is arranged at the inlet of the first branch, and the first switch K1 can be used to control the on-off of the first branch.

[0059] A second switch K2 is arranged at the inlet of the second branch, and the second switch K2 can be used to control the on-off of the second branch.

[0060] The first branch includes a first interface J1 and a second interface J2. The first interface J1 is used to connect the inlet of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16, and the second interface J2 is used to connect the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16. The inlet and the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16 are used to circulate the refrigerant. The first interface J1 and the second interface J2 can be adjusted to adapt to photovoltaic-thermal components of different sizes, and realize universal performance test. For example, the first interface J1 and the second interface J2 can be expanded pipe type threaded interfaces.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 2 The first branch is provided with a first flow sensor G1, a first temperature sensor T1, a second temperature sensor T2, a first pressure sensor P1 and a second pressure sensor P2. The first flow sensor G1 is used to detect the inlet refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16. The first temperature sensor T1 is used to detect the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16. The second temperature sensor T2 is used to detect the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16. The first pressure sensor P1 is used to detect the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16. The second pressure sensor P2 is used to detect the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16.

[0062] In this embodiment, based on the first flow sensor G1, the first temperature sensor T1 and the second temperature sensor T2, the heat absorption amount of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component 16 can be obtained, so that the thermal efficiency of a single photovoltaic-thermal component 16 can be conveniently and efficiently tested. Based on the first pressure sensor P1 and the second pressure sensor P2, the pressure drop of the photovoltaic-thermal component 16 can be obtained.

[0063] The second branch is provided with a third temperature sensor T3, a fourth temperature sensor T4, a third pressure sensor P3 and a fourth pressure sensor P4. The third temperature sensor T3 is located at the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 15 and is used to detect the inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator 15. The fourth temperature sensor T4 is located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 15 and is used to detect the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator 15. The third pressure sensor P3 is located at the inlet of the adjustable pressure device 14 and is used to detect the inlet pressure of the second branch. The fourth pressure sensor P4 is located at the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 15 and is used to detect the outlet pressure of the second branch.

[0064] In this embodiment, based on the third temperature sensor T3 and the fourth temperature sensor T4, the actual superheat degree of the evaporator 15 can be monitored, and based on the third pressure sensor P3 and the fourth pressure sensor P4, the actual pressure drop of the second branch can be monitored, so that in the case of connecting the second branch, the target superheat degree and the target pressure drop corresponding to the specified component string parallel structure of the tested single photovoltaic-thermal component can be achieved through control, and then a heat pump system corresponding to the specified component string parallel structure based on the single photovoltaic-thermal component is constructed.

[0065] The refrigerant in the evaporator 15 exchanges heat through the first water circulation loop, which includes a first water pump and a heat source 18. The water circulation is driven by the first water pump and the heat source 18, and water with the same temperature as the target test environment temperature is input into the evaporator 15. The target test environment temperature is a temperature condition simulating a solar radiation scene, which can be set by the user. The first water circulation loop is provided with a fifth temperature sensor T5, a sixth temperature sensor T6 and a second flow sensor G2. The fifth temperature sensor T5 is used to detect the water temperature flowing out of the evaporator 15. The sixth temperature sensor T6 is used to detect the water temperature flowing into the evaporator 15. The second flow sensor G2 is used to detect the water flow through the evaporator 15.

[0066] In this embodiment, based on the fifth temperature sensor T5, the sixth temperature sensor T6 and the second flow sensor G2, the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator 15 can be obtained, so that in the case of connecting the second branch, the target heat absorption amount corresponding to the specified component string parallel structure of the tested single photovoltaic-thermal component can be achieved through control, and then a heat pump system corresponding to the specified component string parallel structure based on the single photovoltaic-thermal component is constructed.

[0067] The refrigerant in the condenser 12 is exchanged by a second water circulation loop, which comprises a second water pump and a heat source 19, and the water circulation is driven by the second water pump and the heat source 19 to input water of a specified temperature and a specified flow rate to the condenser 12. The second water circulation loop is provided with a seventh temperature sensor T7, an eighth temperature sensor T8 and a third flow sensor G3. The seventh temperature sensor T7 is used to detect the water temperature flowing out of the condenser 12. The eighth temperature sensor T8 is used to detect the water temperature flowing into the condenser 12. The third flow sensor G3 is used to detect the water flow rate flowing through the condenser 12.

[0068] In the embodiment, the heat output of the heat pump system under the current working condition can be obtained based on the seventh temperature sensor T7, the eighth temperature sensor T8 and the third flow sensor G3, so as to calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.

[0069] The photovoltaic-thermal component performance test system can further comprise a power meter W1, which is used to detect the total power consumption of the system under the condition that the second branch is connected, mainly including the power consumed by the compressor and the water pump under the target state. In the embodiment, the total power consumption of the system can be obtained based on the power meter W1, so as to calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.

[0070] The flow sensor in the embodiment can be a mass flow meter or the like.

[0071] Embodiment 2

[0072] The embodiment provides a photovoltaic-thermal component performance test method, which is applied to the photovoltaic-thermal component performance test system in the above embodiments.

[0073] Figure 3 is a flow chart of the photovoltaic-thermal component performance test method provided by the embodiment of the utility model, as Figure 3 shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0074] S301, controlling an adjustable heat source to output a target heat power to a photovoltaic-thermal component to be tested.

[0075] S302, controlling the first branch to be connected and the second branch to be disconnected to make the photovoltaic-thermal component access a refrigerant circulation, and adjusting the refrigerant flow rate of the photovoltaic-thermal component to reach a target superheat degree.

[0076] S303, calculating the heat absorption amount of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component, the thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic-thermal component and the pressure drop.

[0077] S304, controlling the first branch to be disconnected and the second branch to be connected to make the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator access to the refrigerant circulation, adjusting the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator and the adjustable pressure device, so that the heat exchange amount of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption amount, the superheat degree of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat degree, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, wherein the target heat absorption amount and the target pressure drop are determined according to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0078] S305, calculating the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0079] In the embodiment, the single photovoltaic-thermal component to be tested is connected to the first branch, and the adjustable heat source is used to output a target heat power to the photovoltaic-thermal component. When the photovoltaic-thermal component reaches the target superheat degree, the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic-thermal component can be calculated, so that the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the single photovoltaic-thermal component are tested conveniently and efficiently. Then, the adjustable heat source is turned off, and the second branch is connected and adjusted. When the heat exchange amount of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption amount, the superheat degree of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat degree, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure can be calculated. Without changing the test tooling, the heat pump system under the component series-parallel structure required by the user can be further constructed according to the test results of the single photovoltaic-thermal component, so that the performance of the heat pump system is obtained. The problems of complicated performance test, low efficiency and high cost of the photovoltaic-thermal component in the prior art are solved, and the test efficiency is greatly improved. Only the single photovoltaic-thermal component needs to be connected, so that the experimental site is reduced, and the test time and cost are reduced.

[0080] After the current test is completed, the next test or shutdown can be performed according to the user's requirements.

[0081] In an optional embodiment, the adjustable heat source is controlled to output a target heat power to the photovoltaic-thermal component to be tested, including: obtaining a target test environment temperature Tm, a target test irradiance F and a component area m of the photovoltaic-thermal component; calculating Fxm+kTm to obtain a target heat power Pk that should be put in under the target working condition; and controlling the adjustable heat source to output the target heat power Pk.

[0082] The target test environment temperature Tm and the target test irradiance F are specific parameters simulating the solar radiation scene, which can be set by the user. The component area m can be input by the user. K represents a coefficient related to the target test environment temperature Tm. The larger Tm is, the larger k is. The unit of k is W / ℃. For example, when Tm≤10℃, k=0.08; when 10℃

[0083] The embodiment calculates the required target heat power Pk according to the test requirement, turns on the adjustable heat source, controls the adjustable heat source to output the target heat power Pk and completely project on the front surface of the photovoltaic-thermal component, simulates the required solar irradiation scene, and facilitates the test.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic-thermal component is adjusted to reach the target superheat, including:

[0085] The difference between the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component and the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component is calculated to obtain the actual superheat of the photovoltaic-thermal component.

[0086] If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic-thermal component is greater than the target superheat, it indicates that the refrigerant flow is insufficient, and the refrigerant flowing through is insufficient to completely absorb the heat, and then the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening degree are increased.

[0087] If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic-thermal component is less than the target superheat, it indicates that the refrigerant flow is excessive, and then the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening degree are reduced.

[0088] If the actual superheat of the photovoltaic-thermal component is equal to the target superheat, the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening degree are maintained unchanged.

[0089] The target superheat can be set according to the type of refrigerant. The PID control algorithm can be used to automatically adjust the compressor frequency and the throttling element opening degree. In actual application, one parameter can be fixed and the other parameter is adjusted, for example, the throttling element opening degree is preferentially adjusted, and if the throttling element opening degree is adjusted to the limit value and the actual superheat of the photovoltaic-thermal component is still not equal to the target superheat, the compressor frequency is adjusted.

[0090] The embodiment adjusts the refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic-thermal component by adjusting the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening degree, ensures that the refrigerant is completely evaporated in the photovoltaic-thermal component and generates the target superheat, and then the heat absorption amount of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component can be calculated in this state, which provides guarantee for the thermal efficiency test of the photovoltaic-thermal component.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component, the thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic-thermal component and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic-thermal component are calculated, comprising: calculating the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component according to the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component, the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component and the inlet refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic-thermal component; calculating the total heat input according to the target thermal power, and calculating the ratio of the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component to the total heat input to obtain the thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic-thermal component; calculating the difference between the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic-thermal component and the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic-thermal component to obtain the pressure drop of the photovoltaic-thermal component.

[0092] wherein the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component Qth=Q1+Q2, Q1 represents the heat of refrigerant temperature rise, and Q2 represents the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant, Q1=c1×m1×Δt1, c1 represents the specific heat capacity of the refrigerant, m1 represents the refrigerant mass obtained based on the refrigerant flow detected by the first flow sensor G1, Δt1=t2-t1, t2 represents the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component (i.e. the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor T2), and t1 represents the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component (i.e. the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor T1), Q2=m1×(hg(t)-hl(t)), m1 represents the refrigerant mass obtained based on the refrigerant flow detected by the first flow sensor G1, hg(t) represents the enthalpy value of the gaseous refrigerant at temperature t2, and hl(t) represents the enthalpy value of the liquid refrigerant at temperature t1. The integral of the target thermal power Pk with respect to time is calculated to obtain the total heat input Qk of the adjustable heat source to the photovoltaic-thermal component in a period of time.

[0093] The present embodiment can efficiently test the thermal efficiency and the pressure drop of the single photovoltaic-thermal component based on the detected data, and can provide reference data for the system performance evaluation of the specified component string and parallel structure for subsequent users based on the obtained heat absorption of the refrigerant in the single photovoltaic-thermal component and the pressure drop of the single photovoltaic-thermal component.

[0094] In an optional embodiment, before the first branch is controlled to be disconnected and the second branch is controlled to be connected to enable the adjustable pressure device and the evaporator to access the refrigerant circulation, the method further comprises: determining the total number of components and the number of components in series according to the specified component string and parallel structure; calculating the product of the total number of components and the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component to obtain the target heat absorption; and calculating the product of the number of components in series and the pressure drop of the photovoltaic-thermal component to obtain the target pressure drop.

[0095] For example, the user-specified component string-parallel structure is: (1) 5 photovoltaic-thermal components in series, or (2) 6 photovoltaic-thermal components in parallel, or (3) a total of 12 photovoltaic-thermal components, wherein every 4 photovoltaic-thermal components are in series to form a branch, and there are 3 branches in parallel. Different component string-parallel structures have different flow rates and thermal efficiencies. For case (1), the total number of components and the number of components in series are both 5, for case (2), the total number of components is 6 and the number of components in series is 1, and for case (3), the total number of components is 12 and the number of components in series is 4.

[0096] The heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component obtained by testing when the first branch is turned on is for a single photovoltaic-thermal component, and the product of the total number of components and the heat absorption is calculated to obtain the target heat absorption corresponding to the specified component string-parallel structure, which is used as a basis for constructing and testing the performance of the heat pump system, i.e., the heat exchange required by the evaporator. The pressure drop of the photovoltaic-thermal component obtained by testing when the first branch is turned on is also for a single photovoltaic-thermal component, and the product of the number of components in series and the pressure drop is calculated to obtain the target pressure drop corresponding to the specified component string-parallel structure, which is used as a basis for constructing and testing the performance of the heat pump system, i.e., the pressure drop required by the second branch.

[0097] Based on the test results when the first branch is turned on, the target heat absorption and the target pressure drop corresponding to the specified component string-parallel structure can be obtained, which are used as a basis for constructing and testing the performance of the heat pump system.

[0098] Different orifices correspond to different heat exchange capacities. The test when the first branch is connected is for a single photovoltaic-thermal component, and when facing the component string-parallel structure to be tested, it may involve many photovoltaic-thermal components. The target heat absorption under this component string-parallel structure may be significantly different from the heat absorption of a single photovoltaic-thermal component. Therefore, when the second branch is connected, in order to better meet the test requirements, the orifice of the appropriate orifice can be replaced.

[0099] Specifically, after calculating the product of the total number of components and the heat absorption of the refrigerant in the photovoltaic-thermal component to obtain the target heat absorption, it can further include: determining the matching orifice of the orifice according to the target heat absorption, and replacing the orifice.

[0100] The opening of the throttling element is adjustable, and the heat exchange capacity of the throttling element with the same aperture is different at different openings. In order to ensure the control accuracy, the heat exchange capacity is generally controlled in the middle opening range of the aperture, for example, between 200 and 300 steps. For example, the electronic expansion valve with a 1mm aperture, when the opening is 200 steps, the corresponding heat exchange capacity is 8kW, and when the opening is 300 steps, the corresponding heat exchange capacity is 12kW. When the heat exchange capacity is in the interval of 8kW to 12kW, there is no need to replace the electronic expansion valve with other aperture. When the heat exchange capacity is less than 8kW, a smaller aperture electronic expansion valve needs to be replaced, and when the heat exchange capacity is greater than 12kW, a larger aperture electronic expansion valve needs to be replaced.

[0101] In the embodiment, the aperture of the throttling element can be flexibly matched according to the target heat absorption amount. Different target heat absorption amounts will match the throttling element with the appropriate aperture, so as to ensure the control accuracy.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator, and the adjustable pressure device are adjusted so that the heat exchange capacity of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption amount, the superheat degree of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat degree, and the pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, comprising:

[0103] According to the water temperature flowing into the evaporator, the water temperature flowing out of the evaporator, and the water flow flowing through the evaporator, the actual heat exchange capacity of the evaporator is calculated;

[0104] If the actual heat exchange capacity of the evaporator is greater than the target heat absorption amount, the water flow of the first water circulation loop is reduced;

[0105] If the actual heat exchange capacity of the evaporator is less than the target heat absorption amount, the water flow of the first water circulation loop is increased;

[0106] If the actual heat exchange capacity of the evaporator is equal to the target heat absorption amount, the water flow of the first water circulation loop is maintained unchanged.

[0107] Wherein, the actual heat exchange capacity Qi of the evaporator = c2 x m2 x Δt2, c2 represents the specific heat capacity of water, m2 represents the water mass obtained based on the water flow detected by the second flow sensor G2, Δt2 = t6-t5, t5 represents the water temperature flowing out of the evaporator (i.e. the temperature detected by the fifth temperature sensor T5) t6 represents the water temperature flowing into the evaporator (i.e. the temperature detected by the sixth temperature sensor T6).

[0108] The embodiment can quickly calculate the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator based on the water flow and the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the evaporator, and then adjust the water flow of the evaporator to ensure that the actual heat exchange amount of the evaporator is the same as the target heat absorption amount corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure, thereby providing protection for the construction of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure, and ensuring the corresponding relationship to realize the simulation of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure based on the second branch.

[0109] In an optional embodiment, the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator, and the adjustable pressure device are adjusted to make the heat exchange amount of the evaporator equal to the target heat absorption amount, the superheat degree of the evaporator equal to the target superheat degree, and the pressure drop of the second branch equal to the target pressure drop, including:

[0110] The difference between the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator and the inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator is calculated to obtain the actual superheat degree of the evaporator;

[0111] If the actual superheat degree of the evaporator is greater than the target superheat degree, it indicates that the refrigerant flow is insufficient, and the refrigerant flowing through is insufficient to absorb all the heat, and then the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening degree are increased;

[0112] If the actual superheat degree of the evaporator is less than the target superheat degree, it indicates that the refrigerant flow is too large, and then the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening degree are reduced;

[0113] If the actual superheat degree of the evaporator is equal to the target superheat degree, the current compressor frequency and throttling element opening degree are maintained unchanged.

[0114] The target superheat degree can be set according to the type of refrigerant. The PID control algorithm can be used to automatically adjust the compressor frequency and the throttling element opening degree. In actual application, one parameter can be fixed and the other parameter can be adjusted, for example, the throttling element opening degree is adjusted preferentially, and if the throttling element opening degree is adjusted to the limit value and the actual superheat degree of the photovoltaic-thermal component is still not equal to the target superheat degree, then the compressor frequency is adjusted.

[0115] The embodiment adjusts the refrigerant flow of the evaporator by adjusting the compressor frequency and / or the throttling element opening degree to achieve the target superheat degree under the current refrigerant flow state, thereby providing protection for the construction of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified component series-parallel structure.

[0116] In an optional embodiment, the water flow of the evaporator, the refrigerant flow of the evaporator, and the adjustable pressure device are adjusted to make the heat exchange amount of the evaporator equal to the target heat absorption amount, the superheat degree of the evaporator equal to the target superheat degree, and the pressure drop of the second branch equal to the target pressure drop, including:

[0117] Calculate the difference between the outlet pressure and the inlet pressure of the second branch to obtain the actual pressure drop of the second branch;

[0118] If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is greater than the target pressure drop, then control the adjustable pressure device to reduce the pressure drop;

[0119] If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is less than the target pressure drop, then control the adjustable pressure device to increase the pressure drop;

[0120] If the actual pressure drop of the second branch is equal to the target pressure drop, then the current state of the adjustable pressure device remains unchanged.

[0121] This embodiment adjusts the adjustable pressure regulator to meet the target pressure drop under the current refrigerant flow conditions, thus providing a guarantee for constructing a heat pump system corresponding to the specified series-parallel component structure.

[0122] In one optional implementation, calculating the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system corresponding to the specified series-parallel structure of the components includes: calculating the heat generation of the heat pump system under the current operating conditions based on the water temperature flowing into the condenser, the water temperature flowing out of the condenser, and the water flow rate through the condenser; obtaining the current total power consumption of the system; and calculating the ratio of the heat generation to the total power consumption to obtain the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system.

[0123] Wherein, under the current operating conditions, the heat output of the heat pump system is Qc=c2×m3×Δt3, where c2 represents the specific heat capacity of water, m3 represents the water mass obtained based on the water flow rate detected by the third flow sensor G3, Δt3=t7-t8, t7 represents the water temperature flowing out of the condenser (i.e. the temperature detected by the seventh temperature sensor T7), and t8 represents the water temperature flowing into the condenser (i.e. the temperature detected by the eighth temperature sensor T8).

[0124] This embodiment can quickly calculate the heat output of the heat pump system based on the water flow rate of the condenser and its inlet and outlet water temperatures, and then calculate the performance of the heat pump system under a specified series-parallel component architecture.

[0125] The performance testing method for photovoltaic thermal modules described above will be illustrated below with a specific embodiment. However, it is worth noting that this specific embodiment is only for better illustrating this application and does not constitute an undue limitation on this application. Explanations of terms that are the same or corresponding to those in the above embodiment will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0126] like Figure 4 As shown, the single photovoltaic thermal module to be tested is connected to the first branch. The photovoltaic thermal module performance testing method includes the following steps:

[0127] S401, obtain the target test environment temperature Tm, the target test irradiance F and the component area m of the user. Specifically, the user can input the target test environment temperature Tm, the target test irradiance F and the component area m through the system man-machine interaction interface.

[0128] S402, calculate the target heat power that should be put in under the target working condition according to the target test environment temperature Tm, the target test irradiance F and the component area m, control the adjustable heat source to output the target heat power and make it completely project on the positive surface of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component.

[0129] S403, open K1, close K2, and start the compressor. At this time, the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component works as an evaporator, and the refrigerant discharged by the compressor enters the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component to absorb heat after passing through the condenser and the throttling element in turn.

[0130] S404, adjust the frequency of the compressor and / or the opening degree of the throttling element, so as to keep the actual superheat degree of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component at the target superheat degree.

[0131] S405, obtain the real-time data of the refrigerant circulation loop constituted by the first branch, and calculate the thermal efficiency and pressure drop of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal component according to the real-time data.

[0132] S406, obtain the component string-parallel structure specified by the user, combine the component string-parallel structure with the test results of the single photovoltaic and photo-thermal component obtained in S405, and determine the target heat absorption amount and the target pressure drop corresponding to the component string-parallel structure.

[0133] S407, open K2, close K1, and the refrigerant discharged by the compressor enters the second branch after passing through the condenser and the throttling element in turn, and absorbs heat in the evaporator. The evaporator is connected to the water with the same target test environment temperature.

[0134] S408, control the pressure drop of the second branch to be equal to the target pressure drop and the evaporator to reach the target heat absorption amount and the target superheat degree, so as to construct the heat pump system corresponding to the component string-parallel structure specified by the user.

[0135] S409, obtain the real-time data of the refrigerant circulation loop constituted by the second branch, and calculate the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system according to the real-time data.

[0136] S410, wait for the user to test the next group of parameters or end.

[0137] Based on the above process, the thermal efficiency and pressure drop of the single photovoltaic-thermal component are tested first, and then the corresponding heat pump system of at least one component in a specific series-parallel structure is constructed based on the second branch and the component parameters to obtain the performance of the heat pump system, which can conveniently and efficiently test the thermal efficiency and pressure drop of the photovoltaic-thermal component, and can conveniently and efficiently obtain the performance of the heat pump system based on different series-parallel designs of the component parameters, greatly improving the test efficiency. Only one photovoltaic-thermal component needs to be connected, which reduces the experimental site, reduces the experimental cost and test time, and fills the product gap in this field.

[0138] The utility model embodiment constructs a kind of efficient photovoltaic-thermal component performance test system and provides corresponding performance test method, and the thermal efficiency and pressure drop of single photovoltaic-thermal component can be efficiently completed test analysis, and corresponding heat pump system based on the component performance parameters in specific series-parallel structure can be further constructed based on relevant component test data without modifying test tooling, and series-parallel performance analysis report is given, without reassembling refrigerant, without repeatedly connecting pipeline and leak detection, significantly improve test efficiency. The performance of photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system of multiple components under different series-parallel structures is not identical, and series-parallel performance analysis report is specified for the component series-parallel structure of user, and the heat pump system performance under this series-parallel structure can be given, and system configuration suggestion is given.

[0139] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, but not to limit them; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-photothermal assembly performance test system, characterized in that, The system comprises: a compressor, a condenser and a throttling element connected in sequence; a first branch and a second branch connected in parallel between the outlet of the throttling element and the inlet of the compressor, the opening and closing of the first branch and the second branch being controllable; the first branch is used to connect the photovoltaic-thermal component to be tested; the second branch comprises a pressure regulator and an evaporator connected in series, the pressure regulator is connected to the outlet of the throttling element, and the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the compressor; an adjustable heat source is used to output a target thermal power to the photovoltaic-thermal component.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, A first switch is arranged at the inlet of the first branch, and a second switch is arranged at the inlet of the second branch.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, The first branch comprises a first interface and a second interface, the first interface is used to connect the inlet of the photovoltaic-thermal component, and the second interface is used to connect the outlet of the photovoltaic-thermal component.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The first branch is provided with: a first flow sensor for detecting the inlet refrigerant flow of the photovoltaic-thermal component; a first temperature sensor for detecting the inlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component; a second temperature sensor for detecting the outlet refrigerant temperature of the photovoltaic-thermal component; a first pressure sensor for detecting the inlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic-thermal component; a second pressure sensor for detecting the outlet refrigerant pressure of the photovoltaic-thermal component.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein, The second branch is provided with: a third temperature sensor located at the inlet of the evaporator for detecting the inlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator; a fourth temperature sensor located at the outlet of the evaporator for detecting the outlet refrigerant temperature of the evaporator; a third pressure sensor located at the inlet of the pressure regulator for detecting the inlet pressure of the second branch; a fourth pressure sensor located at the outlet of the evaporator for detecting the outlet pressure of the second branch.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein, The refrigerant in the evaporator exchanges heat through a first water circulation loop, water with the same temperature as the target test environment temperature is input into the evaporator, and the first water circulation loop is provided with: a fifth temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature flowing out of the evaporator; a sixth temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature flowing into the evaporator; a second flow sensor for detecting the water flow flowing through the evaporator.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein, The refrigerant in the condenser exchanges heat through a second water circulation loop, and the second water circulation loop is provided with: a seventh temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature flowing out of the condenser; an eighth temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature flowing into the condenser; a third flow sensor for detecting the water flow flowing through the condenser.

8. The system of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The system further comprises a power meter for detecting the total power consumption of the system when the second branch is connected.

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