Separating device for separating solids by utilizing flow velocity
By designing a separation device that separates solids based on flow rate, and utilizing the difference in carry-out speed between tobacco leaves and stems, combined with an automatic control system, the problem of low separation efficiency between tobacco leaves and stems was solved, achieving efficient and stable tobacco detection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520415330.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies struggle to efficiently separate tobacco shreds and stems during tobacco processing, resulting in cigarettes being easily punctured, having high draw resistance and posing safety risks. Furthermore, their low detection efficiency makes them unsuitable for automated production lines.
A separation device for separating solids using flow velocity was designed. By adjusting the airflow velocity and gap between the first and second fluidization zones, the different carry-out velocities of tobacco leaves and stems are utilized for separation. Combined with a rotatable material dispersing device and an automatic control system, the effective separation of tobacco leaves and stems is achieved.
It achieves efficient separation of tobacco shreds and stems, improves detection accuracy and production process stability, is suitable for automated control, and enhances detection efficiency and data stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223915956U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to mechanical technical field relates to tobacco processing equipment, concretely relates to a kind of separation device using flow rate separates solid. BACKGROUND
[0002] Tobacco process is the technology and method that tobacco raw material and cigarette material are processed into cigarette product, and its main process, especially the processing from tobacco leaf to tobacco, can be described as follows: after the initial curing of tobacco leaf, it is classified and placed in the production line, enters the leaf conditioning machine to be conditioned to a certain moisture, and after leaf beating and separation, the leaf blade and tobacco stem in the tobacco leaf are separated to obtain sheet tobacco and tobacco stem, which are then packed after re-drying, stored for a certain period of time, and then enter the leaf processing and stem processing procedures to form a sample of tobacco that can be blended and rolled.
[0003] In the leaf beating and separation process, the sheet tobacco and tobacco stem products inevitably contain a certain percentage of tobacco stems and leaf blades, which are processed by wind power machinery. Under such conditions, when entering the next process, especially when preparing the final tobacco product for rolling, the stems in the sheet tobacco can be converted into stem signatures and mixed with the leaf tobacco in the tobacco product. The stem signatures in the tobacco can cause the risk of piercing the cigarette when rolled into a cigarette product. At the same time, consumers often experience high resistance and high head drop when smoking cigarettes, which can even cause damage to clothing, furniture and fire.
[0004] Currently, the main method for measuring the tobacco content in stem signatures is through fluidization separation. In this process, the tobacco and stem signatures are separated and weighed at one time, and then the calculation is performed. The existing technology uses manual sorting of a small amount of tobacco and stem signatures to measure the tobacco content, which is low in work efficiency and not suitable for real-time separation and measurement on a flow production line. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0005] To overcome the technical defects of the prior art, the utility model discloses a separation device and detection method for separating solids by flow rate.
[0006] The separation device for separating solids by flow rate comprises a first fluidization zone connected to a feed inlet, a second fluidization zone located below the first fluidization zone and having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first fluidization zone, and a gap control device for adjusting the gap size between the first and second fluidization zones.
[0007] Preferably, a scattering device is provided at the connection between the first and second fluidization zones, and a frequency control device is provided for adjusting the rotation frequency of the scattering device. The scattering device is a rotatable device with multiple paddles.
[0008] Preferably, the first fluidization zone and the second fluidization zone are provided with a gas flow rate sensor.
[0009] Preferably, the connection of the feed inlet with the first fluidization zone is located below the first fluidization zone.
[0010] Preferably, the gap control device is a linear regulating valve
[0011] The separation device for separating solids by flow rate provided by the present application separates cut tobacco and stem by adjusting the air flow rate of the fluidization zone, maintains the continuity of the feeding and separation process, ensures the effective separation of cut tobacco and stem in the tobacco, and the separation process is suitable for automatic control, thereby improving the detection speed in the production process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the separation device for separating solids by flow rate provided by the present application;
[0013] In the figure, the figure mark names are: 1 first fluidization zone; 2 second fluidization zone; 3 bulk material device; 4 frequency control device; 5 fluidization zone air field gap; 6 gap control device; 7 suction port; 8 separation and dropping bin; 9 feed inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The specific embodiment of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0015] The inventor found through a large number of blowing tests on the mixture of cut tobacco and stem obtained after tobacco rough processing that the carrying speed VT1 of the cut tobacco of a certain size and weight obtained in accordance with the tobacco rough processing specification is generally in the range of 1.0 m / s to 2.0 m / s, the carrying speed VT2 of the stem contained therein is generally in the range of 2.5 m / s to 4.4 m / s, the so-called carrying speed refers to the air flow rate required for the object to move directionally in the air, it can be found that the carrying speed of the cut tobacco is less than that of the stem, and the two carrying speed ranges do not overlap.
[0016] The influence of air flow rate on the object in practice is not uniform due to the object density, object granularity, and air flow distribution, and thus conforms to the general probability distribution, when the flow rate is greater than the carrying speed and the difference is greater, the proportion of the object carried by the air flow is higher, when the flow rate is greater than but close to the carrying speed, a small amount of objects cannot be carried by the air flow, and when the flow rate is less than but close to the carrying speed, a small amount of objects are still carried by the air flow. When the air flow rate is in the carrying speed range, the object will repeatedly settle under the action of the air flow, and each settlement will have part rising and part falling.
[0017] The inventor designs the separation device for separating solids by flow rate based on the above principle, which comprises a first fluidization zone 1 connected with a feeding port, a second fluidization zone 2 located below the first fluidization zone and having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first fluidization zone 1, and a gap control device capable of adjusting the gap size between the first fluidization zone 1 and the second fluidization zone 2; a separation discharge bin is arranged below the second fluidization zone; and an air suction port 7 is arranged above the first fluidization zone.
[0018] During operation, the gap control device 6 is first used to set the fluidization zone wind field gap 5 between the two fluidization zones to a certain size, and then tobacco shreds composed of shreds and stem pieces are added to the first fluidization zone from the feeding port 9; the air suction port is connected with an external fan, and the fan sucks air from the air suction port to generate an air flow from bottom to top in the first fluidization zone and the second fluidization zone; the fan power and the gap control device are adjusted to control the air flow speed V1 of the first fluidization zone 1 to be between 1.5 m / s and 1.8 m / s and the air flow speed of the second fluidization zone 22 to be between 2.0 m / s and 2.4 m / s.
[0019] The power of the fan determines the air flow speed of the first fluidization zone, and the adsorption air flow generated by the fan is transmitted and attenuated through the pipeline, and then enters the first fluidization zone first to form an air flow in the first fluidization zone; the power of the fan can be adjusted to obtain the required air flow speed in the first fluidization zone.
[0020] The width of the fluidization zone wind field gap 5 determines the proportion of the air flow speeds of the first fluidization zone and the second fluidization zone; the air flow changes after passing through the fluidization zone wind field gap 5, and the greater the gap width, the smaller the air flow speed of the second fluidization zone; and the smaller the gap width, the greater the air flow speed of the first fluidization zone.
[0021] Since there is a gap smaller than the diameter of the first fluidization zone between the first fluidization zone and the second fluidization zone, and the cross-sectional area of the second fluidization zone is smaller than that of the first fluidization zone, the air flow speed will decrease when the air flow flows from the second fluidization zone to the first fluidization zone, so that the air flow speed of the first fluidization zone is smaller than that of the second fluidization zone. The gap control device 6 can adopt an existing valve capable of linearly adjusting the opening and closing size.
[0022] When the air suction port is opened, the air flow direction is as shown in Figure 1 , so that the air flow direction in the fluidization zone is from bottom to top. The air flow speed of the fluidization zone can be controlled by measuring the air speed and adjusting the air speed according to the measurement data.
[0023] The feeding port is connected with the first fluidization zone, the central axis of the feeding port and the central axis of the first fluidization zone form an inclination angle greater than 45°, preferably, the inclination angle is between 60° and 75°, and the connection position is located below the first fluidization zone, so that the feeding is not easily sucked away by the air suction port above.
[0024] The stem and leaf mixture enters the first fluidization zone, and since the stem is in the first fluidization zone 1, the airflow velocity V1 in the zone is controlled at 1.5-1.8 m / s, which is less than the entrainment velocity VT2 of the stem, so the stem will randomly drop to the second fluidization zone, the airflow velocity V1 in the first fluidization zone is close to the entrainment velocity VT1 of the leaf, and is within the range of the entrainment velocity of the leaf, so the leaf will repeatedly settle from the first fluidization zone, and each settlement can have a part of the leaf sucked away, but a small amount will enter the second fluidization zone.
[0025] The velocity in the first fluidization zone cannot be set too high, although a higher setting can make more leaf be sucked away, but when the airflow velocity is close to VT2, part of the stem will be sucked into the separator, leading to subsequent detection errors, so the airflow velocity in the first fluidization zone is set within the range of the entrainment velocity of the leaf, to avoid the stem entering the separator.
[0026] The stem enters the second fluidization zone, although the velocity in the second fluidization zone is higher than that in the first fluidization zone, but the airflow velocity in the second fluidization zone is still less than the entrainment velocity of the stem, so the stem will continue to slowly drop into the first drop bin 8, and even if a small amount of stem enters the first fluidization zone, it will also re-enter the second fluidization zone due to the low flow rate in the first fluidization zone; but the velocity in the second fluidization zone is significantly greater than the entrainment velocity VT1 of the leaf, so the leaf entering the second fluidization zone will re-ascend into the first fluidization zone and be sucked away, realizing the separation of the leaf and the stem in the tobacco.
[0027] At the same time, the airflow velocity in the second fluidization zone is greater than the entrainment velocity VT1 of the leaf, so even if a small amount of leaf enters the second fluidization zone under the action of gravity, it will be brought back to the first fluidization zone by the ascending airflow, thereby greatly reducing the leaf that drops into the separation drop bin 8.
[0028] A material scattering device 3 is arranged between the two fluidization zones, and the swinging or rotating frequency of the material scattering device 3 can be controlled by a frequency control device 4, so as to adjust the feeding effect. The material scattering device is a rotatable device with multiple blades, similar to fan blades, which rotate to scatter the raw material when the raw material passes through, so as to separate the stem and the leaf therein.
[0029] The separation device and detection method for separating solids by flow rate of the tobacco can adjust the airflow velocity by setting the fluidization zone to separate the leaf and the stem, maintain the continuity of the feeding and separation process, ensure the effective separation of the leaf and the stem in the tobacco, so as to obtain the proportion of the two, improve the detection accuracy in the production process; at the same time, the utility model realizes the full-automatic control of the operating parameters, the test process is free of artificial factors and unstable operation of the equipment, ensures the stability of the detection data, greatly improves the detection efficiency, and the multiple measurement data provides a data basis for the stable control and optimization of the process.
[0030] The foregoing is each preferred embodiment of the utility model, and the preferred embodiments in each preferred embodiment can be arbitrarily stacked and combined if not obviously self-contradictory or with a certain preferred embodiment as a premise, the embodiments and the specific parameters in the embodiments are only for clearly stating the utility model verification process of the inventor, and not for limiting the patent protection scope of the utility model, and the patent protection scope of the utility model is still subject to its claims, and equivalent structural changes made by applying the contents of the specification and drawings of the utility model should also be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A separation device for separating solids using flow rate, characterized in that, The separation device includes a first fluidized zone (1) connected to the feed inlet (9), a second fluidized zone (2) located below the first fluidized zone and with a cross-sectional area smaller than the first fluidized zone, and the separation device also includes a gap control device (6) that can adjust the size of the gap between the fluidized zone air field between the first fluidized zone and the second fluidized zone; a separation discharge bin (8) is provided below the second fluidized zone; and an air intake (7) is provided above the first fluidized zone.
2. The separation device for separating solids using flow rate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A material distribution device (3) and a frequency control device (4) for adjusting the rotation frequency of the material distribution device are provided at the connection between the first fluidization zone (1) and the second fluidization zone (2). The material distribution device (3) is a rotatable device with multiple blades.
3. The separation device for separating solids using flow rate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Gas flow rate sensors are installed in the first fluidization zone and the second fluidization zone.
4. The separation device for separating solids using flow rate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the feed inlet (9) and the first fluidization zone (1) is located below the first fluidization zone.
5. The separation device for separating solids using flow rate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gap control device (6) is a linear regulating valve.