Intelligent sorting box for building waste
By designing an intelligent sorting bin for construction waste, and utilizing a combination of sorting plates and crushing devices, automated sorting and multi-stage crushing of construction waste are achieved, solving the problems of large weight sorting errors and low efficiency, and improving sorting accuracy and recycling efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423227343.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-26
AI Technical Summary
In existing construction waste sorting and recycling technologies, weight sorting suffers from large errors and low efficiency, manual sorting is inefficient and poses safety hazards, and mechanical sorting has low precision and cannot meet the requirements for refined sorting.
Design an intelligent sorting bin for construction waste. Through the combination of sorting plates and crushing devices, the waste is automatically sorted and crushed according to its weight. Light waste enters the light waste bin, while heavy waste enters the crushing bin for multi-stage crushing, achieving efficient classification and recycling.
It improved the accuracy and efficiency of construction waste sorting, reduced labor intensity and safety hazards, and achieved efficient recycling of waste.
Smart Images
Figure CN223915977U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of building waste recycling, and specifically relates to an intelligent building waste sorting box. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the acceleration of global urbanization, the scale of the construction industry is expanding, and construction activities are becoming more frequent, resulting in a sharp increase in the amount of construction waste. Construction waste refers to waste generated during construction, decoration, and demolition, mainly including concrete blocks, masonry, wood, metal, plastic, glass, and other materials. If these wastes are not properly treated, not only will they occupy a large amount of land resources, but they may also cause serious pollution to the environment and threaten the balance of the ecosystem. In addition, construction waste contains a large amount of recyclable resources, such as steel, wood, and plastic. If these materials can be effectively recycled and reused, it will significantly reduce the demand for primary resources, reduce production costs, and promote the development of circular economy. Therefore, how to efficiently and accurately classify and recycle construction waste has become one of the important issues for the sustainable development of the construction industry.
[0003] Traditional methods of construction waste disposal mainly include landfill and incineration. Although landfill is simple to operate, as land resources become increasingly scarce, it becomes increasingly difficult to locate a landfill site, and during the landfill process, leachate and gas are generated, polluting the soil and groundwater. Incineration can reduce the volume of waste by treating it at high temperatures, but it also releases a large amount of harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide and dioxin, which pollute the atmosphere. In addition, neither of these two methods effectively recycles the recyclable resources in the waste, resulting in a huge waste of resources.
[0004] To solve the above problems, classification and recycling of construction waste has gradually become a hot topic of research and application. By classifying and treating waste, different types of materials can be separated, making it easier to recycle and reuse. For example, concrete can be crushed and used as recycled aggregate for road construction, metal materials can be melted and made into new products, wood can be used for biomass energy production, and plastic can be made into new plastic products through reprocessing. Therefore, the classification and recycling of construction waste not only reduces the negative impact on the environment, but also realizes the recycling of resources, which has important economic and ecological significance.
[0005] Currently, the classification of construction waste mainly relies on manual sorting and mechanical sorting. Manual sorting refers to sorting waste by workers manually. Although it can achieve high classification accuracy, it is low in efficiency, high in labor intensity, and easily affected by workers' subjective judgment, resulting in unstable classification results. In addition, manual sorting also has safety hazards, especially when handling large concrete blocks or waste with sharp edges, workers are prone to injury. Mechanical sorting is a rough classification of waste by mechanical equipment, such as using a vibrating screen to separate waste of different sizes, or using a magnetic separator to separate metal from waste. However, the precision of mechanical sorting is low, and it is difficult to cope with complex and diverse construction waste, and it has certain limitations on the shape and material of the waste, which cannot meet the needs of fine recycling.
[0006] Weight detection is also an important sorting method. According to the weight of construction waste, it is classified and recycled. If a traditional screen is used to classify construction waste of different weights, the error is large, and manual sorting is too slow. SUMMARY
[0007] The utility model provides a kind of construction waste intelligent sorting box to overcome the technical problem of large error and low efficiency in the process of construction waste weight sorting in prior art.
[0008] To achieve the above invention purposes, the technical solutions provided by the utility model are as follows:
[0009] A kind of construction waste intelligent sorting box, including the feeding portion that is sequentially arranged from top to bottom, material separation part, the material separation part includes positioning column, the material separation board that is movably connected with the non-fixed end of the positioning column, the material separation board includes light end, weight end and material chute, the weight end is consolidated weight block;The first discharge port of the feeding portion is opposite to the light end, the light end can be abutted with the second feeding port of crushing device, the weight end can be abutted with the third feeding port of light waste box;The crushing device includes crushing box, main shaft arranged in the crushing box, the crushing box is also provided with second discharge port, the main shaft is consolidated crushing piece and baffle piece, the baffle piece includes 2-4 pieces of crushing plate, the crushing plate includes fold line edge and horizontal edge consolidated with the main shaft.
[0010] Preferably, the feeding portion includes material conveyor belt, vertical feeding tank abutting with the tail of the material conveyor belt, the vertical feeding tank includes first feeding port and first discharge port, the first feeding port is abutted with the conveyor belt, the first discharge port is arranged above the light end, the speed of material conveyor belt cannot be too fast, to ensure the speed of material block falling, preferably, the material block can be sequentially dropped.
[0011] Preferably, the mass of the weight block is 2-5kg.
[0012] Preferably, the distribution plate is a cuboid.
[0013] Preferably, the top end of the positioning column is provided with a U-shaped groove, a pivot is arranged in the groove, a through hole is arranged in the center of the distribution plate, and the pivot passes through the through hole.
[0014] Preferably, the rotation direction of the main shaft is opposite to the rotation direction of the crushing box.
[0015] Preferably, the central axis of the crushing box forms an angle of 20° with the horizontal direction, and the main shaft forms an angle of 20° with the horizontal direction.
[0016] Preferably, the crushing piece comprises a first crushing hammer and a second crushing hammer, the first crushing hammer comprises a first fixed rod and a first hammer head, one end of the first fixed rod is fixedly connected with the main shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected with the first hammer head.
[0017] Preferably, the second crushing hammer comprises a second fixed rod and a second hammer head, one end of the second fixed rod is fixedly connected with the main shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected with the second hammer head, and the length of the first fixed rod is greater than that of the second fixed rod.
[0018] Preferably, the sorting box further comprises a crushing ball arranged in the crushing box.
[0019] The working principle of the sorting box is as follows:
[0020] The construction waste is transferred from the material conveying belt to the first feeding port of the vertical feeding box, and then falls from the first discharging port to the light end of the distribution plate; if the weight of the falling object is greater than the mass of the weight block, the light end of the distribution plate is tilted downward, and the weight end is tilted upward; the object (concrete block, brick, reinforced concrete block, marble and granite fragments, etc.) will slide along the material chute into the second feeding port and into the crushing box; the first crushing hammer and the second crushing hammer in the crushing box will strike the object during rotation, so that the object is crushed; the different lengths of the first crushing hammer and the second crushing hammer can avoid the accumulation of the object on the inner wall of the crushing box; meanwhile, the crushing plate will strike the object again during rotation, so that the object is further crushed; the longitudinal depth of the crushing plate is smaller than the radius of the crushing box; the broken object can be transferred to the second discharging port by the broken line edge of the crushing plate, so that the object is discharged; in addition, the crushing ball will roll and fall under the driving of the crushing box, and will strike the object during the falling process, so that the object is further crushed; the crushed object is finally discharged from the second discharging port and can be recycled again; if the weight of the falling object is less than the mass of the weight block, the light end of the distribution plate is tilted upward, and the weight end is tilted downward; the object (gravel, gravel, brick powder, mortar, insulating material, metal scrap, etc.) slides along the material chute and enters the light waste box; the iron recovery object can be collected by magnetic separation.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the building waste intelligent sorting box has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0022] The sorting box can automatically sort the building waste, collect the light waste into the light waste box, directly used for secondary recycling, and transport the heavy waste to the crushing box for multi-stage crushing, and then secondary recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of a building waste intelligent sorting box in embodiment 1;
[0024] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of a distribution part of a building waste intelligent sorting box in embodiment 1;
[0025] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of a crushing device of a building waste intelligent sorting box in embodiment 1;
[0026] Figure 4 It is another structure schematic view of a crushing device of a building waste intelligent sorting box in embodiment 1;
[0027] Figure 5Another structural schematic view of a building waste intelligent sorting box in embodiment 1;
[0028] Figure 6 Another structural schematic view of a building waste intelligent sorting box in embodiment 1.
[0029] Wherein: the feeding part 1, the material conveying belt 11, the vertical feeding box 12, the first feeding port 121, the first discharging port 122, the distribution part 2, the positioning column 21, the pivot 211, the distribution plate 22, the light end 221, the weight end 222, the material chute 223, the weight block 224, the through hole 225, the crushing device 3, the crushing box 31, the second feeding port 311, the second discharging port 312, the main shaft 32, the crushing piece 33, the first crushing hammer 331, the first fixed rod 3311, the first hammer head 3312, the second crushing hammer 332, the second fixed rod 3321, the second hammer head 3322, the baffle piece 34, the crushing plate 341, the broken line edge 3411, the horizontal edge 3412, the light waste box 4, the third feeding port 41, the crushing ball 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application. EMBODIMENT
[0031] As Figures 1-5 The building waste intelligent sorting box provided in the embodiment comprises a feeding part 1 and a distribution part 2 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the distribution part 2 comprises a positioning column 21 and a distribution plate 22 movably connected with a non-fixed end of the positioning column 21, the distribution plate 22 comprises a light end 221, a weight end 222 and a material chute 223, the weight end 222 is fixed with a weight block 224, a first discharging port 122 of the feeding part 1 faces the light end 221, the light end 221 can abut against a second feeding port 311 of a crushing device 3, the second feeding port 311 is arranged on a top of a crushing box 31, the weight end 222 can abut against a third feeding port 41 of a light waste box 4, the crushing device 3 comprises the crushing box 31 and a main shaft 32 arranged in the crushing box 31, the crushing box 31 is further provided with a second discharging port 312, the main shaft 32 is fixed with a crushing piece 33 and a baffle piece 34, the baffle piece 34 comprises two crushing plates 341, and each crushing plate 341 comprises a broken line edge 3411 and a horizontal edge 3412 fixed with the main shaft 32.
[0032] The feeding part 1 comprises a material conveying belt 11, a vertical feeding box 12 abutting against the tail of the material conveying belt 11, the vertical feeding box 12 comprising a first feeding port 121 and a first discharging port 122, the first feeding port 121 abutting against the conveying belt, and the first discharging port 122 being arranged above the light end 221, the speed of the material conveying belt 11 cannot be too fast, and the material blocks preferably fall in sequence.
[0033] The weight block 224 can have a mass of 2-5 kg, and in the embodiment, the mass of the weight block 224 is 2 kg, and the weight block 224 can be arranged to be detachable, and the weight of the weight end 222 as a whole can be adjusted by replacing the weight block 224 with different mass.
[0034] As shown in Figure 2 The distribution plate 22 is a cuboid, the top end of the positioning column 21 is provided with a U-shaped groove, a pivot 211 is arranged in the groove, a through hole 225 is arranged in the center of the distribution plate 22, and the pivot 211 passes through the through hole 225. In this way, the distribution plate 22 can swing left and right, and the material blocks to be sorted can slide in the material chute 223 and fall into the corresponding positions.
[0035] The rotation direction of the main shaft 32 is opposite to the rotation direction of the crushing box 31. In this way, the crushing effect of the material can be improved.
[0036] The central axis of the crushing box 31 forms an angle of 20° with the horizontal direction, and the main shaft 32 forms an angle of 20° with the horizontal direction. In this way, the crushed material can be directly discharged from the second discharging port 312.
[0037] As shown in Figures 3-4 The crushing piece 33 comprises a first crushing hammer 331 and a second crushing hammer 332, the first crushing hammer 331 comprises a first fixed rod 3311 and a first hammer head 3312, one end of the first fixed rod 3311 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 32, and the other end is fixedly connected with the first hammer head 3312. The second crushing hammer 332 comprises a second fixed rod 3321 and a second hammer head 3322, one end of the second fixed rod 3321 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 32, and the other end is fixedly connected with the second hammer head 3322, and the length of the first fixed rod 3311 is greater than that of the second fixed rod 3321. In this way, the crushing of the material with different depths can be realized, and the crushing effect is increased.
[0038] Because the construction waste is mostly hard material, the material of the crushing piece 33 and the crushing plate 341 should be selected from raw materials with high hardness.
[0039] The sorting box further comprises a crushing ball 5 placed in the crushing box 31, which rotates along the inner wall of the crushing box 31 during rotation of the crushing box 31, and then, when reaching a certain height, the crushing ball 5 no longer rotates along the inner wall of the crushing box 31 under the action of gravity, but falls from a high position and then hits the material in the powder box, so as to further crush the material.
[0040] The working principle of the sorting box of the embodiment is as follows.
[0041] The construction waste is transferred from the material conveying belt 11 to the first feeding port 121 of the vertical feeding box 12, and then falls from the first discharging port 122 to the light end 221 of the distribution plate 22; if the weight of the falling material block is greater than the mass of the weight block 224, the light end 221 of the distribution plate 22 is downward, and the weight end 222 is upward, as shown in Figure 5 The material block (concrete block, brick block, reinforced concrete block, marble and granite fragment, etc.) slides along the material chute 223 and enters the second feeding port 311, and then enters the crushing box 31, and the first crushing hammer 331 and the second crushing hammer 332 in the crushing box 31 hit the material block during rotation, so as to crush the material block; the different lengths of the first crushing hammer 331 and the second crushing hammer 332 can avoid the accumulation of the material on the inner wall of the crushing box 31, and the crushing plate 341 hits the material block again during rotation, so as to further crush the material block; the longitudinal depth of the crushing plate 341 is smaller than the radius of the crushing box 31, the broken line edge 3411 of the crushing plate 341 can increase the transferability of the crushed material block, so that the material block moves to the second discharging port 312, and the material block is conveniently discharged; in addition, the crushing ball 5 rolls and falls under the driving of the crushing box 31, and hits the material block during falling, so as to further crush the material block; the crushed material block is finally discharged from the second discharging port 312, and can be recycled again; if the weight of the falling material block is smaller than the mass of the weight block 224, the light end 221 of the distribution plate 22 is upward, and the weight end 222 is downward, as shown in Figure 6 The material block (stone, gravel, brick powder, mortar, insulating material, metal scrap, etc.) slides along the material chute 223 and enters the light waste box 4, and the iron recovery material can be collected by magnetic separation.
[0042] The above is only a specific implementation manner of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this, and the protection scope of the utility model should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A smart sorting bin for construction waste, characterized in that, The device includes a feeding section and a distributing section arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The distributing section includes a positioning column and a distributing plate movably connected to the non-fixed end of the positioning column. The distributing plate includes a light end, a heavy end, and a material chute. The heavy end has a fixed weight block. The first discharge port of the feeding section is directly opposite the light end. The light end can abut against the second feed port of the crushing device, and the heavy end can abut against the third feed port of the light waste bin. The crushing device includes a crushing box and a main shaft disposed inside the crushing box. The crushing box also has a second discharge port. Crushing components and baffle components are fixed on the main shaft. The baffle components include 2-4 crushing plates. The crushing plates include a zigzag edge and a horizontal edge fixed to the main shaft. The central axis of the crushing box forms a 20° angle with the horizontal direction, and the main shaft forms a 20° angle with the horizontal direction.
2. The intelligent sorting bin for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding section includes a material conveyor belt and a vertical feeding box that abuts against the tail of the material conveyor belt. The vertical feeding box includes a first inlet and a first outlet. The first inlet abuts against the conveyor belt, and the first outlet is located directly above the lightweight end.
3. The intelligent sorting bin for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass of the weight block is 2-5 kg.
4. The intelligent sorting bin for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material distribution plate is a cuboid.
5. The intelligent sorting bin for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the positioning column is provided with a U-shaped groove, and a pivot is provided in the groove. A through hole is opened in the center of the material distribution plate, and the pivot passes through the through hole.
6. The intelligent sorting bin for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation direction of the main shaft is opposite to the rotation direction of the crushing box.
7. The intelligent sorting bin for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing component includes a first breaker hammer and a second breaker hammer. The first breaker hammer includes a first fixing rod and a first hammer head. One end of the first fixing rod is fixed to the main shaft and the other end is fixed to the first hammer head.
8. The intelligent sorting bin for construction waste according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second breaker includes a second fixed rod and a second hammer head. One end of the second fixed rod is fixed to the main shaft and the other end is fixed to the second hammer head. The length of the first fixed rod is greater than that of the second fixed rod.
9. The intelligent sorting bin for construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting box also includes crushing balls placed inside the crushing box.