Three-rail type five-axis machine tool

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a three-rail type five-axis machine tool which comprises a main shaft, and sliding rails are arranged on at least two side faces of the main shaft correspondingly; the saddle comprises three inner side walls to form an open embracing shape, sliding blocks matched with the sliding rails are arranged on the three inner side walls, and at least two sliding blocks are correspondingly arranged on one sliding rail in a matched mode. According to the technical scheme, the main shaft can be driven to slide from the at least two side faces of the main shaft, for example, the at least two side faces comprise the two opposite side faces, the main shaft can be supported more stably, the sliding precision of the main shaft is improved, and therefore the machining precision is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of data machine tool processing, and particularly relates to a three-rail five-axis machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The overhead gantry and cradle five-axis machine is a high-precision numerical control machining equipment, which is widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, mold processing, etc. Its main feature is that it can perform complex processing in multiple-axis directions, providing high efficiency and high precision processing capability.

[0003] The three-rail five-axis machine tool comprises a main shaft, which drives the blade to move up and down, so that the main shaft is installed on the machine tool through the cooperation structure of the sliding block and the sliding rail. In the field, there is a constant pursuit of improving the sliding control accuracy and precision of the main shaft. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The present application provides a three-rail five-axis machine tool to solve or alleviate one or more technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] The three-rail five-axis machine tool provided by the present application comprises:

[0006] The main shaft is provided with at least two side surfaces, and each side surface is provided with a sliding rail;

[0007] The saddle comprises three inner side walls, forming an open embrace, and the three inner side walls are provided with sliding blocks matched with the sliding rails, and at least two sliding blocks are provided corresponding to each sliding rail.

[0008] In an embodiment, the saddle comprises a main side plate and two auxiliary side plates, and the two auxiliary side plates are oppositely arranged; the auxiliary side plate comprises a supporting part and a triangular part, the height of the supporting part is 1 / 3-3 / 4 of the height of the main side plate, and the triangular part comprises two right-angle edges, and the two right-angle edges are respectively attached to the main side plate and the supporting part.

[0009] In an embodiment, the three inner side walls of the main shaft are each fixed with a sliding rail, and the two auxiliary side plates are provided with a limiting device for limiting the sliding position of the main shaft.

[0010] In an embodiment, the sliding block comprises:

[0011] The sliding block body is provided with a sliding groove on one side to match with the sliding rail; the opposite two inner side walls of the sliding groove are provided with protrusions;

[0012] The opposite two side edges of the sliding rail are provided with limiting grooves to match with the protrusions.

[0013] In an embodiment, the sliding block further comprises two clamping units, and the two clamping units are arranged at the end of the sliding block body and are respectively arranged close to the limiting grooves.

[0014] In one embodiment, the clamping unit comprises:

[0015] a support fixed to the end of the slider body;

[0016] a rotating member rotatably connected to the support, the rotating member being rotatable relative to the support to cooperate with the side edge of the slide rail.

[0017] In one embodiment, the three-rail five-axis machine tool further comprises a driving motor for driving the rotating member to rotate; the rotating members in the plurality of sliders are synchronously driven by one driving motor.

[0018] In one embodiment, the rotating member is hingedly connected to the support, and a torsional spring is arranged on the hinge shaft.

[0019] In one embodiment, the side of the rotating member close to the slide rail is provided with a soft gasket, and the soft gasket is coated with lubricating oil.

[0020] In one embodiment, the side of the saddle away from the auxiliary side plate is slidingly connected to the machine tool support, so that the saddle moves laterally.

[0021] The technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present application can drive the spindle to slide from at least two sides of the spindle, for example, the at least two sides include two opposite sides, so that the spindle can be more stably supported, the sliding precision of the spindle is improved, and the machining precision is improved.

[0022] The above summary is intended to illustrate the present application and is not intended to be limiting in any way. Further aspects, embodiments and features of the present application will be readily apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings and the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to same or similar components throughout the several views. These drawings are not necessarily to scale. It should be understood that these drawings are merely schematic representations, which are intended to provide a generalized description of the exemplary implementations according to the present disclosure. The generalized description should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a three-rail five-axis machine tool according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0025] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a saddle according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0026] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a clamping unit in a first state according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0027] Figure 4A structural schematic diagram showing a second state of the clamping unit according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are simply described. As those skilled in the art can recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the drawings and the description are considered to be exemplary in nature rather than limiting.

[0029] Embodiments of the present application provide a three-rail five-axis machine tool to further improve the precision of numerical control machining. Specifically, embodiments of the present application improve the control accuracy during numerical control machining by improving the sliding control precision during the sliding of the main shaft. Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram showing a three-rail five-axis machine tool according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram showing a saddle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown, the three-rail five-axis machine tool includes a main shaft 2 and a saddle 1. Figures 1 to 2 The end of the main shaft 2 is provided with a tool, and the tool moves up and down during the sliding of the main shaft 2, so that the tool is machined at different positions up and down on the target object. At least two sides of the main shaft 2 are respectively provided with sliding rails 4. In existing five-axis machine tools, sliding rails 4 are usually provided on only one side, and such a design causes uneven stress on both sides of the main shaft 2 based on the influence of the gravity of the main shaft 2, which affects the control precision of the moving position of the tool.

[0030] The saddle 1 is fixed on a machine tool frame 9. The machine tool frame 9 is also provided with other components required by the three-rail five-axis machine tool. The saddle 1 can also move relative to the machine tool to move the position of the tool in the horizontal direction.

[0031] The saddle 1 includes three inner side walls forming an open embrace, and the three inner side walls are provided with sliding blocks 3 adapted to the sliding rails 4.

[0032] Embodiments of the present application set the saddle 1 into an embrace structure to hold the main shaft 2 in a holding manner, and sliding blocks 3 are provided on the opposite two sides to make the main shaft 2 receive the action force from both sides during the sliding of the main shaft 2, so that the sliding position can be more accurately controlled.

[0033] In one example, sliding blocks 3 can be provided on the opposite two side walls of the saddle 1 to support the main shaft 2 from both sides of the main shaft 2.

[0034] In one example, sliding blocks 3 can be provided on the three side walls of the saddle 1 to support the main shaft 2 from the three sides of the main shaft 2, which is more stable and has higher sliding control precision.

[0035] In one example, sliding blocks 3 can be provided on the three side walls of the saddle 1 to support the main shaft 2 from the three sides of the main shaft 2, which is more stable and has higher sliding control precision.

[0036] One slide rail 4 is correspondingly provided with at least two sliding blocks 3, so that the longitudinal sliding of the main shaft 2 is more stable, and deviation of the longitudinal position is avoided.

[0037] In one example, one slide rail 4 can be correspondingly provided with two sliding blocks 3 or three sliding blocks 3.

[0038] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application can drive the main shaft 2 to slide from at least two sides of the main shaft 2, for example, the at least two sides include two opposite sides, so that the main shaft 2 can be more stably supported, the sliding precision of the main shaft 2 is improved, and the machining precision is improved.

[0039] In one embodiment, the saddle 1 includes a main side plate 110 and two auxiliary side plates 120, and the two auxiliary side plates 120 are oppositely arranged; the auxiliary side plate 120 includes a support part 121 and a triangular part 121, the height of the support part 121 is 1 / 3-3 / 4 of the height of the main side plate 110, and the triangular part 121 includes two right-angle edges, and the two right-angle edges are respectively attached to the main side plate 110 and the support part 121.

[0040] In one example, the main side plate 110 and the two auxiliary side plates 120 can be detachably installed or integrally formed.

[0041] In the prior art, the skilled person in the art has not thought of arranging the slide rail 4 from two or three sides of the main shaft 2 to improve the sliding control precision, and the factors considered are as follows: in the process of installing the sliding block 3, the space position is small, and the installation is inconvenient, and the five-axis machine tool has high requirements on the precision of the sliding block 3 and the slide rail 4 of the main shaft 2 sliding, for example, if the sliding block 3 is installed from the inner side, the contact surface of the auxiliary side plate 120 in contact with the sliding block 3 is rough, which affects the sliding precision.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present application, the height of the two auxiliary side plates 120 is less than the height of the main side plate 110, so that the sliding block 3 can be arranged at the two ends of the auxiliary side plate 120, and the precision control of the contact surface in contact with the sliding block 3 is facilitated.

[0043] In one embodiment, the three inner side walls of the main shaft 2 are all fixed with the slide rail 4, and the two auxiliary side plates 120 are provided with a limiting device for limiting the sliding position of the main shaft 2.

[0044] When the main shaft 2 slides relative to the saddle 1, the limiting device needs to be arranged to limit the sliding of the main shaft 2, so as to avoid the impact on the tool.

[0045] The embodiments of the present application further limit the main shaft 2 from the opposite sides of the main shaft 2, so that the main shaft 2 is uniformly subjected to the weight when contacting the limiting structure, and the impact force is small.

[0046] The limiting device can be a limiting structure, such as a protrusion 301 or a bump, mounted on the auxiliary side plate 120, or can be an electrically controlled device. For example, the protrusion 301 is retractable relative to the auxiliary side plate 120, and in a specified case, the protrusion 301 can be controlled to protrude from the auxiliary side plate 120 to limit the sliding of the main shaft 2; in another case, the protrusion 301 is controlled to retract into the auxiliary side plate 120 to facilitate smooth sliding of the main shaft 2.

[0047] The structure or composition of the limiting device can be set according to the actual needs of the limiting.

[0048] In an example, limiting devices can also be provided on the main side plate 110 and the two auxiliary side plates 120, so that the main shaft 2 is subjected to less impact force during the limiting process, further protecting the main shaft 2 and the tool.

[0049] In an embodiment, the sliding block 3 comprises a sliding block 3 body, and a sliding groove is formed on one side of the sliding block 3 body to cooperate with the sliding rail 4. The opposite two inner side walls of the sliding groove are provided with protrusions 301.

[0050] The opposite two side edges of the sliding rail 4 are provided with limiting grooves 401 to cooperate with the protrusions 301.

[0051] The sliding is realized by the cooperation of the sliding groove and the sliding rail 4, and further, the protrusions 301 and the limiting grooves 401 are cooperated synchronously, so that the sliding of the sliding rail 4 is more stable, that is, the sliding limiting is realized from three sides, the sliding direction of the sliding rail 4 is limited, and the movement is more stable.

[0052] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the sliding block 3 further comprises two clamping units, which are arranged at the ends of the sliding block 3 body and are respectively arranged close to the limiting grooves 401. As shown in Figure 3 , the two clamping units are arranged close to the limiting grooves 401 on the two sides of the sliding rail 4 to clamp the sliding rail 4, so that the sliding rail 4 has no space for transverse displacement when sliding, improving the sliding precision.

[0053] In an embodiment, the clamping unit comprises a support and a rotating member 5.

[0054] The support is fixed to the end of the sliding block 3 body, and the rotating member 5 is rotationally connected with the support. The rotating member 5 is rotated relative to the support to cooperate with the side edge of the sliding rail 4. The rotation of the rotating member 5 relative to the support can be realized by setting the rotation of the rotating member 5 relative to the support to have a pressure towards the sliding rail 4, for example, by adding a torsional spring or inserting a wedge-shaped gasket. By pasting the rotating member 5 to the sliding rail 4, the gap between the sliding rail 4 and the inner side wall of the sliding groove can be avoided, so that the sliding rail 4 does not have transverse displacement during sliding, affecting the movement precision of the tool.

[0055] In an embodiment, the three-rail five-axis machine tool further comprises a driving motor for driving the rotating member 5 to rotate; the rotating member 5 in the plurality of sliding blocks 3 is synchronously driven by the driving motor. The synchronous driving can save energy consumption.

[0056] In an embodiment, the rotating member 5 is hinged to the supporting member, and a torsional spring is arranged on the hinge shaft. The torsional spring can make the rotating member 5 have a pressure towards the slide rail 4, and fit the limiting groove 401.

[0057] In an embodiment, a soft gasket is arranged on the side of the rotating member 5 towards the slide rail 4, and the soft gasket is coated with lubricating oil. In order to avoid affecting the movement of the slide rail 4, the soft gasket is arranged and coated with lubricating oil to reduce the friction between the rotating member 5 and the slide rail 4.

[0058] In an embodiment, the side of the saddle 1 away from the auxiliary side plate 120 is slidably connected to the machine tool support, so that the saddle 1 moves laterally. Since the main shaft 2 is relatively heavy, the saddle 1 bears a heavy load, and therefore the main side plate 110 of the saddle 1 has a relatively wide width, which can be provided with a relatively wide protrusion to ensure the load-bearing stability of the saddle 1. The auxiliary side plate 120 can be relatively narrow or thin, so as to be able to assist in supporting the main shaft 2. The main side plate 110 of the saddle 1 is relatively wide, which can facilitate the installation of the main side plate 110 on the machine tool support. In addition, the width of the saddle 1 is relatively wide, and the auxiliary side plate 120 is relatively thin, which can be beneficial to the gravity balance of the saddle 1 itself, and further improve the sliding accuracy.

[0059] The above technical solution can be used in the embodiments of the present application to drive the main shaft 2 to slide from at least two sides of the main shaft 2, for example, at least two sides including opposite two sides, so that the main shaft 2 can be more stably supported, the sliding accuracy of the main shaft 2 is improved, and the machining accuracy is improved.

[0060] The other configurations of the three-rail five-axis machine tool in the above embodiments can adopt various technical solutions known to those skilled in the art at present and in the future, which will not be described in detail here.

[0061] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0062] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein only to describe different instances, and do not imply or suggest relative importance or a number of the technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0063] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected, or it can be communicated; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "under", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0065] The above disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described in the above. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, the present application can repeatedly refer to numbers and / or letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0066] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any skilled person in the art can easily think of various changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A three-track five-axis machine tool, characterized in that, include: A spindle, wherein at least two sides of the spindle are respectively provided with slide rails; The saddle includes three inner sidewalls forming an open embrace shape. The three inner sidewalls are provided with sliders that are adapted to the slide rail. Each slide rail is provided with at least two sliders.

2. The three-track five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The saddle includes a main side plate and two secondary side plates, which are arranged opposite to each other. Each secondary side plate includes a support portion and a triangular portion. The height of the support portion is 1 / 3 to 3 / 4 of the height of the main side plate. The triangular portion includes two right-angled sides, which are respectively attached to the main side plate and the support portion.

3. A three-track five-axis machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main shaft is fixed with slide rails on its three inner side walls, and the two auxiliary side plates are provided with limiting devices to restrict the sliding position of the main shaft.

4. A three-track five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slider includes: The slider body has a groove on one side to mate with the slide rail; the two opposite inner sidewalls of the groove have protrusions. The slide rail has limiting grooves on its two opposite sides to cooperate with the protrusion.

5. A three-track five-axis machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The slider also includes two clamping units, which are disposed at the ends of the slider body and respectively close to the limiting groove.

6. A three-track five-axis machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clamping unit includes: A support member is fixed to the end of the slider body; A rotating component is rotatably connected to the support component, and the rotating component rotates relative to the support component to engage with the side of the slide rail.

7. A three-track five-axis machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The three-track five-axis machine tool also includes a drive motor for driving the rotating parts to rotate; the rotating parts in the plurality of sliders are synchronously driven by one of the drive motors.

8. A three-track five-axis machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotating component is hinged to the supporting component, and a torsion spring is provided on the hinge shaft.

9. A three-track five-axis machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating component has a soft pad on the side facing the slide rail, and the soft pad is coated with lubricating oil.

10. A three-track five-axis machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side of the saddle facing away from the secondary side plate is slidably connected to the machine tool bracket, so that the saddle can move laterally.

Images