Expanding excavation device and cutterhead

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of heading machines, in particular to an expanding excavation device and a cutterhead, the expanding excavation device is arranged on the cutterhead with an original hobbing cutter holder, the expanding excavation device comprises a swivel joint, a telescopic driving piece, an expanding excavation cutter holder and an expanding excavation hobbing cutter, the expanding excavation cutter holder is used for being installed on the original hobbing cutter holder in a sliding mode, and the expanding excavation hobbing cutter is installed in the expanding excavation cutter holder. One end of the telescopic driving part is connected with the cutter head, the other end of the telescopic driving part is connected with the expanding excavation cutter holder, the telescopic driving part is used for driving the expanding excavation cutter holder to slide on the original hobbing cutter holder and enabling the expanding excavation hobbing cutter to extend out of the original hobbing cutter holder, and the power source is connected with the telescopic driving part and used for providing driving force. According to the expanding excavation device, through the integrated design of the oil cylinder telescopic device, the expanding excavation tool apron and the expanding excavation hob, real-time adjustment of the excavation diameter of the cutterhead can be achieved, a cushion block does not need to be replaced or cutterhead parts do not need to be disassembled after shutdown, and the technical problem that in the prior art, when the expanding excavation diameter of the cutterhead of a heading machine needs to be adjusted, the modification difficulty of the cutterhead structure is large is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunneling machine technology, specifically to a widening excavation device and a cutterhead. Background Technology

[0002] The cutterhead is the primary tool for tunnel boring machines (TBMs) to excavate rock and soil. During TBM construction, turning and correction are often required, necessitating the cutterhead's enlargement capability. Furthermore, jamming frequently occurs in challenging geological conditions such as deep burial, fault zones, fractured zones, and weak surrounding rock, significantly impacting construction efficiency. Therefore, cutterhead enlargement is crucial for improving TBM performance. However, existing enlargement devices for TBM cutterheads must be designed and manufactured before cutterhead operation. If the required enlargement diameter cannot be achieved during construction, modification becomes difficult; or, if this aspect was not considered in the design and manufacturing process, subsequent modifications become challenging. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a digging enlargement device and cutterhead to solve the technical problem of the difficulty in modifying the cutterhead structure when the digging enlargement diameter of the tunneling machine cutterhead needs to be adjusted in the prior art. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0004] This utility model provides a reaming device, which is installed on a cutterhead with an original cutter head. It includes a power source, a telescopic drive, a reaming cutter head, and reaming cutters. The reaming cutter head is slidably mounted on the original cutter head, and the reaming cutters are installed inside the reaming cutter head. One end of the telescopic drive is connected to the cutterhead, and the other end is connected to the reaming cutter head. The telescopic drive is used to drive the reaming cutter head to slide on the original cutter head and to extend the reaming cutters out of the original cutter head. The power source is connected to the telescopic drive to provide driving force.

[0005] A further improvement of this utility model's excavation device is that the telescopic drive component is a hydraulic cylinder; the power source includes a rotary joint, which is provided with a hydraulic oil channel. A first hydraulic hose is connected to the first end of the hydraulic oil channel, and a second hydraulic hose is connected to the second end of the hydraulic channel. The first hydraulic hose is used to connect to the hydraulic system, and the second hydraulic hose is connected to the telescopic drive component.

[0006] A further improvement of this utility model's excavation device is that the rotary joint is equipped with a water spray channel, which is connected to a water supply pipe for cooling the cutterhead.

[0007] A further improvement of this utility model's excavation device is that the rotary joint is provided with a mounting component for mounting on the cutterhead.

[0008] A further improvement of the excavation device of this utility model is that the telescopic drive is connected to the excavation cutter holder by a first pin, and the excavation cutter holder is provided with a first ear plate assembly for the first pin to connect to.

[0009] A further improvement of the excavation device of this utility model is that the telescopic drive is connected to the cutter head through a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes a connecting base and a connecting seat. The connecting seat is fixed on the connecting base. The connecting seat is provided with a second ear plate assembly. A second pin shaft for connecting the telescopic drive is passed through the second ear plate.

[0010] A further improvement of this utility model's excavation device is that the diameter of the excavation cutter is between 430 and 434 mm.

[0011] This utility model also provides a cutterhead, including the original hob cutter holder and the above-described enlargement device corresponding to the original hob cutter holder.

[0012] The application of the technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This utility model's enlargement excavation device, through the integrated design of a hydraulic cylinder telescopic device, an enlargement cutterhead, and an enlargement roller cutter, enables real-time adjustment of the cutterhead's excavation diameter without requiring machine shutdown for shim replacement or cutterhead component disassembly. This solves the technical problem of the difficulty in modifying the cutterhead structure when adjusting the enlargement diameter of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead in existing technologies. This solution overcomes the limitations of traditional enlargement excavation techniques that rely on manual intervention, significantly shortening the adjustment response time of tunnel boring machines under complex geological conditions. This application can effectively address tunnel convergence and deformation problems under adverse geological conditions such as deep burial, faults, fractured zones, and weak surrounding rock, reducing the risk of machine jamming. In ultra-hard rock geology, a combined enlargement excavation strategy can improve tunneling efficiency. This application can simultaneously complete enlargement excavation operations during tunneling, avoiding process interruptions caused by traditional enlargement excavation methods. This characteristic complements the mechanical characteristics of the shield machine's continuous rock breaking, ensuring tunnel forming efficiency. This application reduces the risk of cutterhead structural damage due to enlargement excavation modifications and decreases the frequency of component replacement.

[0014] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1This is an overall top view of the excavation device of this utility model (D1 is the original excavation diameter, and D2 is the diameter after excavation).

[0017] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotary joint of the excavation device of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the telescopic drive component, the reaming cutter holder, and the reaming roller cutter of the reaming device of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the reaming cutter holder, the reaming roller cutter, and the original roller cutter holder of the reaming device of this utility model (D3 is the diameter of the reaming roller cutter, and D4 is the distance between the cutting edges of the reaming roller cutter).

[0020] Among them, 1. Rotary joint; 101. Water spray channel; 102. Hydraulic oil channel; 103. Base; 104. Mounting base; 2. Second hydraulic hose; 3. Telescopic drive component; 301. Connecting base; 302. Connecting seat; 4. Excavating cutter holder; 5. Excavating cutter roller; 6. Second pin shaft; 7. Original cutter roller holder; 8. Cutter head. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] See Figures 1-4 As shown, a reaming device is mounted on a cutterhead 8 with an original cutter head 7. It includes a power source, a telescopic drive 3, a reaming cutter head 4, and reaming cutter heads 5. The reaming cutter head 4 is slidably mounted on the original cutter head 7, and the reaming cutter heads 5 are installed within the reaming cutter head 4. One end of the telescopic drive 3 is connected to the cutterhead 8, and the other end is connected to the reaming cutter head 4. The telescopic drive 3 drives the reaming cutter head 4 to slide on the original cutter head 7 and causes the reaming cutter heads 5 to extend beyond the original cutter head 7. The power source is connected to the telescopic drive 3 to provide driving force.

[0023] Specifically, the reaming cutter holder 4 is designed with an interface for installing the reaming cutter 5; the reaming cutter holder 4 is sized to match the original cutter holder 7 (i.e., the traditional cutter holder). Since the original cutter holder 7 has an inner cavity for the cutter to be installed, the reaming cutter is slidably installed on the inner cavity, so that it can slide within the inner cavity of the original cutter holder 7, thereby allowing the reaming cutter 5 to extend out of the original cutter holder 7, thus realizing the reaming function.

[0024] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the telescopic drive component 3 is a hydraulic cylinder. The power source includes a rotary joint 1, which has a hydraulic oil passage 102. A first hydraulic hose is connected to the first end of the hydraulic oil passage 102, and a second hydraulic hose 2 is connected to the second end. The first hydraulic hose is connected to the hydraulic system, and the second hydraulic hose 2 is connected to the telescopic drive component 3. Specifically, the first hydraulic hose can be connected to the tunneling machine's own hydraulic system or to a hydraulic pump to deliver pressurized hydraulic oil to the cutterhead 8. The first and second hydraulic hoses 2 use high-pressure hydraulic oil pipelines with pressures between 10MPa and 40MPa, as used in the prior art. The telescopic drive component 3 can also use a pneumatic cylinder instead of a hydraulic cylinder, with the corresponding hydraulic passage of the rotary joint 1 being a gas passage. In this embodiment, the cylinder diameter of the telescopic drive component 3 is φ200mm, the rod diameter is 100mm, and the stroke is 150mm.

[0025] Pressurized hydraulic oil drives the cylinder to extend and retract through the first hydraulic hose, rotary joint 1, and second hydraulic hose 2, which in turn drives the extension and retraction of the reaming cutterhead 4 and the reaming roller cutter 5, thus achieving the reaming of the cutterhead 8. The length of the cylinder's extension and retraction stroke determines the reaming diameter of the cutterhead 8, ultimately achieving the reaming contouring of the cutterhead 8.

[0026] Preferably, the rotary joint 1 is provided with a water spray channel 101, which is connected to a water supply pipe for cooling the cutter head 8. The water supply pipe is connected to the original water spray holes of the cutter head 8, so that the cutter head 8 can be rinsed and cooled through the water supply pipe.

[0027] Preferably, the rotary joint 1 is provided with a mounting assembly for mounting on the cutter head 8. The mounting assembly includes a base 103 and a mounting base 104. The mounting base 104 is bolted to the cutter head 8, and the base 103 is bolted to the mounting base 104. The rotary joint 1 is bolted to the base 103. This mounting assembly allows for the installation of the rotary joint 1, which can simultaneously accommodate multi-channel transfer of water and oil.

[0028] Preferred, such as Figure 3 As shown, the telescopic drive component 3 is connected to the reaming cutter holder 4 via a first pin, and the reaming cutter holder 4 is provided with a first ear plate assembly for connection to the first pin. The pin connection method facilitates the replacement of the reaming cutter 5.

[0029] Preferably, the telescopic drive component 3 is connected to the cutterhead 8 via a connecting assembly. This connecting assembly includes a connecting base 301 and a connecting seat 302. The connecting seat 302 is fixed to the connecting base 301, and a second ear plate assembly is provided on the connecting seat 302. A second pin 6, connecting the telescopic drive component 3, is passed through the second ear plate. The use of the second ear plate assembly and the pin facilitates installation on the inner wall of the cutterhead 8 at different angles, improving the flexibility of the entire excavation device installation. The telescopic drive component 3 and the excavation cutterhead 4 are not limited to a pin connection; bolts, studs, or other fastening methods can also be used.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, since the excavating cutter 5 needs to be installed on the original cutter holder 7, the width of the excavating cutter 5 is smaller than the width of the cutter on the traditional cutter head 8, and the diameter of the excavating cutter 5 is between 430 and 434 mm, preferably 432 mm. The excavating cutter 5 is preferably a double-edged cutter, and the distance between the cutting edges is between 58 and 62 mm, preferably 60 mm. The excavating cutter 5 can also be replaced by shell cutters, toothed cutters, cutting teeth, etc. The excavating cutter 5 is not limited to double-edged; it can also be single-edged, triple-edged, or other types of cutting edges.

[0031] This utility model also provides a cutterhead, including a conventional cutterhead holder 7 and a widening excavation device as described above, which is arranged corresponding to the conventional cutterhead holder 7. When construction is carried out using a cutterhead equipped with the widening excavation device, widening excavation operations can be realized during tunneling.

[0032] This utility model's enlargement excavation device, through the integrated design of a hydraulic cylinder telescopic device, an enlargement cutterhead 4, and an enlargement roller cutter 5, enables real-time adjustment of the cutterhead 8's excavation diameter without requiring machine shutdown for shim replacement or disassembly of cutterhead 8 components. This solves the technical problem of the difficulty in modifying the cutterhead 8 structure when adjusting its enlargement diameter in existing technologies. This solution overcomes the limitations of traditional enlargement excavation techniques that rely on manual intervention, significantly shortening the adjustment response time of tunnel boring machines under complex geological conditions. This application can effectively address tunnel convergence and deformation problems under adverse geological conditions such as deep burial, faults, and weak surrounding rock, reducing the risk of machine jamming. In ultra-hard rock geology, a combined enlargement excavation strategy can improve tunneling efficiency. This application can simultaneously complete enlargement excavation operations during tunneling, avoiding process interruptions caused by traditional enlargement excavation methods. This characteristic complements the mechanical characteristics of the shield machine's continuous rock breaking, ensuring tunnel forming efficiency. This application reduces the risk of cutterhead 8 structural damage due to enlargement excavation modifications and decreases the frequency of component replacement.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An undercutting device arranged on a cutter head (8) having a primary cutter seat (7), characterized in that The device comprises a power source, an extension driving element (3), an extension cutter seat (4) and an extension cutter (5), the extension cutter seat (4) is slidably mounted on the original cutter seat (7), the extension cutter (5) is mounted in the extension cutter seat (4); one end of the extension driving element (3) is connected with the cutter head (8), the other end is connected with the extension cutter seat (4), the extension driving element (3) is used for driving the extension cutter seat (4) to slide on the original cutter seat (7) and make the extension cutter (5) extend out of the original cutter seat (7); the power source is connected with the extension driving element (3) and is used for providing driving force.

2. The widening device of claim 1, wherein The extension driving element (3) is an oil cylinder; the power source comprises a rotary joint (1), the rotary joint (1) is provided with a hydraulic oil channel (102), a first end of the hydraulic oil channel (102) is connected with a first hydraulic hose, a second end of the hydraulic oil channel (102) is connected with a second hydraulic hose (2), the first hydraulic hose is used for being connected to a hydraulic system, the second hydraulic hose (2) is connected to the extension driving element (3).

3. An excavating device according to claim 2, characterised in that The rotary joint (1) is provided with a water spraying channel (101), the water spraying channel (101) is connected with a water pipe for cooling the cutter head (8).

4. The widening device of claim 2, wherein, The rotary joint (1) is provided with a mounting assembly for being mounted on the cutter head (8).

5. The widening device of claim 1, wherein, The extension driving element (3) is connected with the extension cutter seat (4) through a first pin shaft, the extension cutter seat (4) is provided with a first ear plate group for connecting the first pin shaft.

6. The widening device of claim 1, wherein, The extension driving element (3) is connected into the cutter head (8) through a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly comprises a connecting base (301) and a connecting seat (302), the connecting seat (302) is fixed on the connecting base (301), the connecting seat (302) is provided with a second ear plate group, the second ear plate is provided with a second pin shaft (6) for connecting the extension driving element (3).

7. The widening device of claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the extension cutter (5) is between 430mm and 434mm.

8. A cutter head characterized by, The device comprises an original cutter seat (7) and an extension device as claimed in claim 1 which is arranged corresponding to the original cutter seat (7).

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