Detection device for expansion degree of expansion body anchoring structure and expansion degree of reaming drilling tool in construction

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for detecting the expansion degree of an expansion body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of a reaming drilling tool in construction, which comprises a system controller and a display arranged outside a drill hole, and an angular displacement sensor and / or a linear displacement sensor arranged in the expansion body anchoring structure or on an overhanging component or in the reaming drilling tool and connected with the system controller; the expansion anchoring structure comprises a front disc, a rear disc, a folding rod, a hinge and an anchor bar which are fixedly connected or fixedly connected in a one-way mode or arranged on the expansion anchoring structure in a U-shaped penetrating mode; the chambering drilling tool is an umbrella-shaped chambering drilling tool or a forward and reverse rotation retractable chambering drilling tool; the umbrella-shaped chambering drilling tool comprises a front disc, a rear disc, a long rod, a short rod, a front hinge, a middle hinge, a rear hinge and a longitudinal column B; the forward and reverse rotation retractable chambering drilling tool comprises a chambering cutter and a chambering cutter hinge. And the umbrella-shaped reaming drilling tool and the forward and reverse rotation retractable reaming drilling tool are connected with the drilling machine through a drill rod. Furthermore, the linear displacement sensor cannot be contacted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering anchorage measurement and control equipment, and the field of pile foundation drilling and enlargement construction equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Current technology for detecting the expansion state of the cage within the anchor hole relies solely on readings taken from outside the anchor hole using a measuring rope / rod. This data, obtained from outside the hole, does not reflect the actual expansion of the cage within the anchor hole. Such indirect methods cannot directly reflect the true situation inside the hole and are relatively crude, difficult to standardize, and susceptible to various human factors, making them prone to errors. The same applies to other types of cages, such as variable-diameter steel cages; there is a lack of direct, convenient, and error-resistant mechanized, automated, and standardized methods. Furthermore, while various arrival indicators are used to indicate the cage's re-expansion, although these indicators signal a 100% expansion, factors such as material differences, installation errors, and obstruction by mud and gravel within the hole often result in two components that should have come together failing to do so, or (due to insufficient return spring length) bouncing back after coming together (e.g., attached...). Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, during the expansion of the variable diameter steel cage and the partial expansion of the umbrella cage, there are situations where two components may approach each other but not necessarily come together, or even move away from each other (e.g., the expansion of a reverse-folding umbrella cage). Alternatively, due to installation accuracy issues, the umbrella cage expansion may reach 100% before the components come together, but then shrink when the components actually come together. Furthermore, in a forward-folding umbrella cage, when the rear plate slides forward beyond the standard line under the push of the return spring and continues to slide forward, thus becoming a reverse-folding umbrella cage, the expansion of the umbrella cage also decreases from 100% to less than 100% (e.g., the expansion of the umbrella cage in the diagram). Figure 11 As shown in the figure, at this point, the actual degree of expansion of the umbrella cage / reducing diameter steel cage is unknown. Even if it is guessed that the umbrella cage / reducing diameter steel cage has not fully expanded, the final expansion degree cannot be quantitatively described. It is impossible to determine whether the actual expansion degree is unqualified, qualified, or excellent. It is impossible to determine whether the deviation of the expansion degree can meet the design requirements. Thus, it is impossible to conduct quality acceptance of the umbrella cage / reducing diameter steel cage expansion process in a timely manner. Therefore, the original method of judging whether the umbrella cage has expanded by arrival indication is no longer suitable for engineering construction.

[0003] The applicant had attempted to mount the detection device on the anchoring tool for easy retrieval, but the anchoring tool itself has a small diameter, making it very inconvenient to install. Furthermore, the anchoring tool could easily snag or damage the detection device when entering or exiting the umbrella cage and drilling holes, making the method difficult to implement.

[0004] CN216410132U provides a pile hole diameter measurement scheme, in which the main control module is located underground and is connected to the outside of the hole via wireless communication. For anchor bolt holes, the mud environment in which the electronic devices are located is more severe (from mud to cement slurry), and the wireless communication conditions are also poor. This technical approach is not suitable for the detection of anchored bearing structures.

[0005] Furthermore, existing drilling tools used for anchor bolt and pile foundation reaming construction (referred to as reaming drills / reamers) also lack means to detect the degree of reaming cutter opening (for example, reamers for rotary drilling rigs and reverse circulation drilling rigs also lack corresponding real-time detection tools during the reaming construction phase). Operators outside the borehole cannot know whether the reaming drill (reamer) is working properly. Although the detection method of umbrella-shaped reaming head anchoring structure can be used as a reference, it is inconvenient to operate and still lacks a straightforward detection method. Other existing measurement and control equipment on the market is basically for detecting pile diameter, rather than detecting the reaming anchoring structure or the reaming drill itself. Moreover, most of them are post-construction inspections. They cannot provide the expansion degree detection results at the same time as the reaming anchoring bearing structure is unlocked and expanded or at the same time as the reaming drill is reaming to guide the construction in real time, or cannot efficiently feed back the information of the reaming structure's own status to the error correction, rework, and accident handling personnel outside the borehole, thus failing to achieve information-based construction.

[0006] In addition, under the existing measurement and control technology conditions for all expanded anchorage bearing structures, equipment (e.g., attached) is implanted simultaneously with the expanded anchorage bearing structure into the anchor hole for measuring the stress and strain of the expanded anchorage bearing structure during its operational period. Figure 10 As shown in the pressure box, its installation status cannot be reliably fed back during the construction stage (after the expanded anchorage bearing structure is implanted into the expanded anchorage section), thus making it impossible to predict whether the stress and strain measurement equipment will be able to function properly during the future operation period. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model aims at providing mechanization, automation, informatization, standardization of the measurement and control service for the umbrella-shaped expansion body anchoring bearing structure and other expansion body bearing structures in the construction state and the expansion of the reamer, realizes the quantitative, real, accurate data description, improves the relatively original, crude technology of reading the measuring rope / measuring rod outside the hole by artificial, instead of avoiding the hole measurement and replacing it with the outside hole measurement only because of the convenience, not simply roughly, qualitatively describing whether the umbrella cage expands (or whether the expansion reaches 100%) or not, not measuring the expansion degree after the anchor planting umbrella tool / expansion tool is withdrawn from the anchor hole or even after grouting or after the reamer is withdrawn from the drilling hole (that is, post-construction detection, if measuring at the time, it is likely to be unable to recover the loss; if measuring at the same time of the umbrella cage expansion construction, if the expansion degree is unqualified, it can be treated by the expansion tool or the anchor planting umbrella tool is dragged out of the anchor hole to deal with it); therefore, there is an urgent need to directly measure the relative displacement / distance value of the members of the umbrella cage or other expansion body structures to evaluate the expansion degree of the expansion body structure in real, quantitative and accurate way, in other words, the method of judging whether the umbrella cage expands by detecting whether the two members approach (that is, whether they reach / contact) is too rough and does not meet the requirements of the development of the umbrella-shaped expansion head anchoring technology, and there is an urgent need to solve the distance value between the two members to evaluate the expansion degree of the umbrella cage in real time and accurately (the umbrella cage in a broad sense refers to the entire umbrella-shaped expansion body device, the umbrella cage in a narrow sense refers to the cage structure formed by the umbrella-shaped folding rod group and the front disc and the rear disc, and the umbrella cage for evaluating the expansion degree refers to the umbrella-shaped folding rod group or also includes the hoop or the membrane bag, and the expansion degree of the umbrella cage refers to the size change in the radial direction after the umbrella cage enters the anchor hole; the umbrella cage includes the umbrella-shaped expansion body anchoring structure or the umbrella-shaped reamer; the umbrella-shaped expansion body anchoring structure, the umbrella-shaped folding rod group and the umbrella-shaped reamer are usually referred to as the umbrella cage, and the umbrella-shaped reamer has only two folding rods or two wings at the simplest time), and the utility model specifically adopts the following scheme to solve the above problems systematically and comprehensively:

[0008] The system controller is arranged outside the drilling hole;

[0009] The skilled in the art should understand that, as common knowledge, the system controller refers to the hardware necessary for running the control software, mainly including CPU, memory, input / output port, programming interface, other functional modules, etc., wherein the CPU includes an arithmetic unit (including a logic operation unit, a temporary register, a register, a processor, etc.), a controller (including a program counter, an instruction register, a decoder, a timer, etc.), and the like, wherein the memory is a storage medium of the control program (i.e., a tangible carrier of the control program / software, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media capable of storing program codes. The external form of the system controller includes but is not limited to a CPU / single-chip microcomputer / development board / master control board / integrated block / PLC / processor, which is a control system / integrated control platform / master controller for the in-hole distance measuring module, and usually has a display or a control panel and buttons. The control program is also called software, which is used to control various displacement sensors, cameras, and actuators such as servos. Both software and hardware are necessary to achieve the control function. The system controller and the control program of the present application are both prior art. The control technology of the system controller on various sensors and actuators is prior art, and the application technology of various sensors is prior art. The drilling hole can be an anchor hole implanted by the expanded body anchoring structure, or an anchor hole or pile hole drilled by the hole expansion drilling tool. The system controller can be independently placed in the hands of the operator (wired or wireless), or can be integrated into the operation panel, operation platform, operation room, etc. of the anchoring drilling machine or pile machine. The system controller of the present application can be realized by any prior art, such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, or even a smart terminal.

[0010] The angular displacement sensor and / or the linear displacement sensor are arranged in the expanded body anchoring structure or various outrigger members or the reamer tool, and are connected with the system controller (communication or communication and power); the reamer tool is used for reaming work when drilling, and is withdrawn out of the borehole after completing reaming, while the expanded body anchoring structure is left in the reamed section of the borehole as a bearing structure. The communication connection described in the application includes various network communication connection modes such as Internet / local area network, wired modes including telephone line, serial port, USB, network cable, optical fiber and various types, and wireless modes including radio, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 5G, satellite and various types. The system controller connected by wire is also called a wire controller, and when connected wirelessly, it is also called a remote controller. The expanded body anchoring structure, namely the expanded body anchoring bearing structure, is a bearing structure that relies on expanded body reinforcement to enhance anchoring in rock-soil bodies, and is an anti-pulling structure arranged in the anchor hole of the reamed section, the cross-sectional size of which after expansion is larger than that of the anchor hole of the non-expanded section, which includes but is not limited to umbrella-shaped expanded body devices / equipment, umbrella-shaped reinforcement cages, various variable-diameter reinforcement cages and the like, and details are shown in the applicant's series of applications on umbrella-shaped expanded head anchoring technology and similar applications in the industry. The reamer tool is also called a reamer, and the utility model mainly includes umbrella-shaped reamers, radial folding reamer with expanding cutter and the like, all of which are prior art. The angular displacement sensor is also called an angular displacement sensor / angle sensor; the linear displacement sensor is also called a linear displacement sensor or a distance sensor, and the distance sensor is usually a laser ranging sensor or an ultrasonic ranging sensor or an infrared ranging sensor. The angular displacement sensor and the linear displacement sensor enter the borehole or the reamed hole along with the expanded body anchoring structure or the reamer tool. The expanded body anchoring structure includes but is not limited to the umbrella-shaped expanded body structure (for example, as shown in the drawings), the four-hinged expanded body anchoring structure (also called variable-diameter reinforcement cage) as shown in the drawings, the radial folding, reverse expanding reamer with expanding cutter as shown in the drawings, the umbrella-shaped reamer for reverse circulation drilling and cast-in-place pile (some call the front disc and the rear disc support seat and centralizer respectively), the umbrella-shaped reamer as shown in the drawings, and the like. Various outrigger members are members that extend out of the anchor hole from the expanded body anchoring structure or the reamer tool, such as anchor reinforcement (for example, hollow anchor rod, namely anchor pipe, such as anchor rod in CN220081472U), cast-in-place pipe, exhaust pipe, expansion umbrella tool (tubular twist bolt or pull bolt or jacking rod or screw rod / nut, or pressure-resistant pipe and the like), anchor planting tool, rotary jetting drill rod, anchor reinforcement recovery device (for example, hot-melt recyclable anchor reinforcement with PE sleeve for carrying cable), measuring tool and the like. Figure 2 Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 8 Figure 1 Figure 12 Figure 13

[0011] ​​​​​​​In this application, umbrella expansion degree = umbrella diameter after expansion in anchor hole ÷ umbrella diameter in engineer's preset target expansion state. The definition of umbrella expansion degree is the actual expansion degree of umbrella in the anchor hole's expansion section compared with the engineer's preset target expansion state.

[0012] Wherein, when the number of folding rods of the umbrella is even, umbrella expansion degree = D 测 ÷ D 理 ≈ the actual distance between the two axially symmetric middle hinge pin axes about the central axis (referring to the distance in the expansion state in the anchor hole) ÷ the theoretical distance between the two axially symmetric middle hinge pin axes about the central axis (referring to the distance in the target expansion state set by the engineer);

[0013] When the number of folding rods of the umbrella is odd, umbrella expansion degree = D 测 ÷ D 理 ≈ 2 times of the actual distance from any middle hinge pin axis to the central axis of the umbrella (referring to the distance in the expansion state in the anchor hole) ÷ 2 times of the theoretical distance from any middle hinge pin axis to the central axis of the umbrella (referring to the distance in the target expansion state set by the engineer);

[0014] The actual distance between the two axially symmetric middle hinge pin axes about the central axis, the actual distance from any middle hinge pin axis to the central axis of the umbrella are measured by displacement sensors or calculated based on the data measured by displacement sensors when the umbrella is expanded in the anchor hole; the theoretical distance between the two axially symmetric middle hinge pin axes about the central axis, the theoretical distance from any middle hinge pin axis to the central axis of the umbrella are determined and provided by engineers (anchor engineering designers or umbrella mechanical designers), of course, they can also be measured (and verified) by the pre-shrinking of the umbrella outside the anchor hole after the umbrella is assembled according to the design requirements.

[0015] From the attached Figure 22 It can be seen that the parity of the number of folding rods does not change the expansion degree of the umbrella. However, the more the number of folding rods, the more the polygon formed by the folding rods and the stirrups approaches a circle, and the better the anchoring effect; the fewer the number of folding rods, the smaller the high stress equivalent circular area corresponding to the polygon formed by the folding rods and the stirrups (the membrane bag grouting consolidation body alone cannot perform high stress anchoring support function, and the equivalent circular cross section factor is not considered), and the anchoring effect is weakened.

[0016] Similarly, for the positive and negative rotation retractable expansion drill tool (as shown in the attached Figure 7 , attached Figure 8 ), the expansion degree refers to the opening degree of the expansion tool, that is, the opening angle ф 测 measured by the angle sensor ÷ the opening angle ф 理 preset by the engineer, ф is referred to as the expansion angle.

[0017] It should be noted that the expansion degree of the umbrella cage is usually not expressed by the opening degree of the component included angle.

[0018] And the system controller is provided with a display, or at the same time also provided with a button and / or keyboard; the display is, for example, a digital tube, dot matrix screen, liquid crystal screen, LED display, LCD screen, color screen, etc., and the display can also be combined with the button and / or input device to become a man-machine interface (such as a touch screen).

[0019] And the expansion body anchoring structure includes a front disc, a rear disc, a folding rod, a hinge, or at the same time also includes a longitudinal member, or at the same time also includes a guide plate / forward anchor plate and / or a rear support plate / rear anchor plate, or at the same time also includes a limiting device and / or a retreat stop device; the anchor bar is fixedly connected or fixedly connected or U-shapedly penetrated on the expansion body anchoring structure; or at the same time, the longitudinal member is sleeved on the anchor bar or is sleeved in the anchor bar; the specific connection structure of the anchor bar and the expansion body anchoring structure is detailed in the applicant's previous application for umbrella-shaped expansion head anchoring technology, for example, the anchor bar is fixedly or unidirectionally connected on the front disc or the rear disc; for example, the "central support rod" (i.e. the front part of the anchor bar) in the announcement No. CN209082489U is connected by external thread on the "stator support plate" (i.e. the front disc), and the "mover support plate" is the rear disc; the anchor bar can also be in the form of a chain, such as the "engageable chain" (i.e. the middle part of the anchor bar) in CN209082489U; the longitudinal member can also be combined with the anchor bar, such as the "central support rod" in CN209082489U, which is the outer pull rod in the longitudinal column series of the umbrella-shaped expansion head series anchoring technology; for example, the first pressure receiving disc (i.e. the rear disc) in the announcement No. CN220081472U is fixedly connected with the middle part of the hollow anchor rod (i.e. the anchor bar), the front end of the hollow anchor rod is fixedly connected with the spring rivet (i.e. the retreat stop device) and the slide rod (i.e. the outer pull rod in the longitudinal column series of the umbrella-shaped expansion head series anchoring technology) through the limiting hole (i.e. the limiting device), and the front end of the slide rod is fixedly connected with the second pressure receiving disc (i.e. the front disc); for example, the anchor bar in the announcement No. CN205653785U is unidirectionally fixedly connected with the "lower bearing body" (i.e. the front disc), and the "upper bearing body" is the rear disc, the cylindrical piston and the outer steel tube of the piston are the retreat stop device, and the "main steel tube" is the combination of the outer pressure bearing column / structure cylinder and the inner membrane bag in the longitudinal column series of the umbrella-shaped expansion head series anchoring technology; for example, the lower movable sleeve (i.e. the front disc) in CN211256973U is rotationally connected with the anchor rod body (i.e. the anchor bar) through the upper limiting nut and the lower limiting nut, and the upper movable nut (i.e. the rear disc) is threadedly connected with the anchor rod body. The anchor bar can be solid or an anchor pipe / hollow anchor rod (for example, the anchor bar in the announcement No. CN209082489U is a hollow anchor rod, and the anchor bar in the announcement No. CN220081472U is a hollow anchor rod) Figure 15"outer" of "outer pull rod" refers to its activity range beyond the umbrella cage (for example, when the umbrella cage is retracted, the outer pull rod will extend to the front of the front disc or the rear of the rear disc), and the pull rod without "outer" is limited to the activity range between the front disc and the rear disc; "outer" of "sleeved" refers to the outer side distinguished by the longitudinal axis, which is the central axis of the drill rod, anchor hole, anchor rod cable, and expansion anchor structure, or the central axis. The case where the longitudinal member is sleeved on the anchor bar is, for example, the applicant's previous application CN213682090U Figs. 97-99, Figs. Figures 6-8 , etc. shown, the case where the longitudinal member is sleeved in the anchor bar is, for example, the sliding rod in CN220081472U (i.e. the outer pull rod in the longitudinal column series of umbrella-shaped expansion head series anchoring technology) slides in the front part of the hollow anchor rod hole. The anchor bar is U-shaped and is provided in the expansion anchor structure, such as CN213682090U Figs. Figure 9 .

[0020] The folding rod includes a long rod, a short rod, and possibly a longitudinal main bar that causes the bearing structure to be non-static (for example, the vertical bar in the publication CN219033193U needs to be noted that the longitudinal main bar is not an anchor bar), and it also needs to be noted that the folding rod is not necessarily a straight beam, a single beam, and can be a curved beam (for example, Fig. Figure 15 ), a composite beam (for example, the long rod shown in Fig. 49 of the applicant's previous application CN110552348A is two parallel beams), for example, the displacement sensor shown in Fig. Figure 15 may be installed in the middle of the double beam to be protected; the front disc, the rear disc, the pilot plate / forward anchor plate, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate, the front / middle / rear hinge, the limiting device, the retreat stopping device, etc. are all prior art, which will be described in detail in the applicant's series of applications on umbrella-shaped expansion head anchoring technology and similar applications in the industry. The front disc, the rear disc, the pilot plate / forward anchor plate, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate can be plate-shaped, ring-shaped, or ring-shaped. The front disc, the rear disc, the pilot plate / forward anchor plate, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate, the limiting device can be plate-shaped, ring-shaped, etc.; the hinge includes but is not limited to front hinge, middle hinge, and rear hinge (for example, Figs. Figure 3 , Figs. Figure 4 ); the hinge of the front disc, the rear disc, and the folding rod, the hinge of the folding rod and the longitudinal main bar, and the hinge of the long rod and the short rod can be in any form, and the hinge device can also be in any form; the fixed connection (for example, Fig. Figure 4 ) between the anchor bar and the front disc or the rear disc can be a threaded connection, or the load conversion device and the pushing piece can clamp and fix the front disc or the rear disc (while the anchor bar moves through the front disc or the rear disc or other connection forms), or it can be a pin connection or welding, etc.; the hinge pin can be solid or hollow. The umbrella cage can be limited by the hoop or the lateral hole wall when it is expanded, and the limiting device is not necessarily required. The limiting device can be fixed / movably fixed on the longitudinal column in the form of welding, pinning, or nut, etc.Figure 1 The limiting device, inserted into the pin hole in the form of a pin, can limit the rear hinge device and the rear plate. The limiting device can be a front limiting device, a middle limiting device, and a rear limiting device, each independently, or it can be an integral unit, both of which are existing technologies. The limiting device can be of any shape, such as a hole (often used in conjunction with an elastic anti-reverse device such as a spring sheet or a spring with a locking pin). The limiting device and the anti-reverse device are respectively set on the anchor bar, longitudinal column, grouting pipe, or top rod, etc. In addition to the form of anti-reverse pins, the anti-reverse device can be a magnetic attraction device.

[0021] The longitudinal components in this invention include longitudinal main reinforcement (e.g., attached reinforcement). Figure 4 (as shown) and / or longitudinal column armor (e.g., attached) Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 The longitudinal column A shown is a structural member, attached Figure 15 The longitudinal column shown is an external tie rod, and there are also structural columns, force-adding columns, integral limiting devices, etc. (not shown) and even jacking components, etc.; although the extended components in this utility model include jet grouting drill rods, delivery rods, grouting pipes, rotary bolts, jacking rods, tie bolts, pipe pins, etc., which can carry and recycle optical or physical detection devices, as well as anchor bars, the extended components such as anchoring tools and anchor bars are not the best choice for installing displacement sensors. After all, the purpose of this application is not to recycle detection devices, but mainly to improve the detection effect, provide real-time feedback on the expansion process, and accurately feedback the expansion degree; it should be noted that the longitudinal column is divided into longitudinal columns within the expansion anchoring structure (i.e., longitudinal column A, such as the attached Figure 2 Appendix Figure 15 As shown), and the longitudinal column (i.e., longitudinal column B, for example, attached) in the reaming tool. Figure 1 The longitudinal column B, which moves through the drill pipe and the rear plate and rear hinge assembly, is shown. Figure 12 The activity shown passes through the longitudinal column B of the front plate, attached Figure 13 The longitudinal member, the extended member, and the longitudinal column B inside the reaming tool in this application are mostly existing technologies. For details, please refer to the applicant's series of applications on umbrella-shaped reaming head anchoring technology and similar applications in the industry. The longitudinal members in this application are ultimately installed in the anchor hole of the reaming section where the reaming body anchoring structure is located. The longitudinal column B inside the reaming tool may extend out of the anchor hole and eventually be withdrawn from the borehole. It should also be noted that the drill rod inside the reaming tool is not an anchoring or umbrella-planting tool, nor is it a longitudinal member, nor is it among the "drill rods" in the applicant's series of early applications on umbrella-shaped reaming head anchoring technology. The "drill rods" in the series of early applications on umbrella-shaped reaming head anchoring technology usually refer to jet grouting drill rods, not the drill rods used as reaming tools in this application. The reaming tool in this application uses mechanical reaming rather than jet grouting.

[0022] Alternatively, the reaming drill bit may be an umbrella-shaped reaming drill bit or a forward and reverse retractable reaming drill bit. The umbrella-shaped reaming drill bit may be provided with a front plate, a rear plate, a long rod, a short rod, a front hinge, a middle hinge, a rear hinge, and a longitudinal column; or simultaneously, a connecting reinforcement part may be provided at the connection between the drill rod and the rear plate, and the connecting reinforcement part may be fixedly connected to the drill rod and the rear plate. The connecting reinforcement can be any form, such as a rod, pipe, cylinder, plate, or beam, used to enhance the strength and rigidity of the connection between the drill rod and the rear plate. It is typically a plate-like rib arranged longitudinally and radially (similar to the hinge plate). The reversible reaming tool is equipped with a reaming cutter and a reaming cutter hinge. Both the umbrella-shaped reaming tool and the reversible reaming tool are connected to the drilling rig via drill rods. Longitudinal column B, like longitudinal column A, can withstand both compressive and tensile forces. The long rod and short rod can be either in front or behind, or both can be of equal length. Limiting devices include, but are not limited to, front limiting devices, rear limiting devices, and integral limiting devices. The reversible reaming tool can rotate forward to retract the cutter and rotate backward to ream, or vice versa. The drilling rig drives the drill bit and reamer through the drill rod to enter the borehole for drilling and reaming operations. The drill rod is not limited to any shape, such as round, square, or hexagonal, or any form, such as a three-wing drill or a spiral drill.

[0023] Furthermore, the angular displacement sensor is installed on the hinge of the reaming anchor structure or the umbrella-shaped reaming drill bit, or on the reaming cutter hinge of the reversible reaming drill bit, or on the groove wall of the drill rod; "on the hinge" can be any position of the hinge (if the folding rod is directly hinged to the front or rear plate, then "on the hinge" also includes the part on the front or rear plate that is hinged to the folding rod), as detailed below; the hinge refers to the front hinge / middle hinge / rear hinge or a multi-hinge structure with four or more hinges (e.g., with attached...). Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, or any hinge in the expanding hinge, when the angular displacement sensor is installed on the middle hinge, it measures the angle between the long and short rods; when installed on the front hinge, it measures the angle between the long / short rod and the front plate / longitudinal component / hinge device; when installed on the rear hinge, it measures the angle between the short rod or the long rod / rear plate / longitudinal component / hinge device; when installed on the attached hinge... Figure 4 The angle between any two adjacent parts of the front plate, rear plate, folding rod, and longitudinal main reinforcement is measured when the hinge is installed on the attached plate. Figure 8 The angle measured when the reamer is hinged is the expansion angle, which is the angle between the reamer and the tool holder. Hinges include, but are not limited to, front hinges, middle hinges, rear hinges, and reamer hinges. The angular displacement sensor is mounted on the groove wall of the drill rod and can be installed in any form of slotting and attachment, not limited to cutting / punching / welding / bolted connections.

[0024] And / or, the linear displacement sensor is fixedly installed on any one of the front disc or its accessory components, the rear disc or its accessory components, the leading plate / forward abutment plate, the rear support plate / rear abutment plate, the limiting device, with any other one of the front disc or its accessory components, the rear disc or its accessory components, the leading plate / forward abutment plate, the rear support plate / rear abutment plate, the limiting device as the ranging object, or the linear displacement sensor is fixedly installed on any two of the front disc or its accessory components, the rear disc or its accessory components, the leading plate / forward abutment plate, the rear support plate / rear abutment plate, the limiting device; and during the expansion of the umbrella-shaped expansion head anchoring structure, the two components are away from each other, or the two components are close to each other but not in contact, or the two components finally come into contact but the linear displacement sensor is installed backward, so that the linear displacement sensor cannot be in contact. Figure 1 , the front hinge device in Figure 14 ; the rear disc or its accessory components, the rear disc or its accessory components, the leading plate / forward abutment plate, the rear support plate / rear abutment plate, the limiting device, with any other one of the front disc or its accessory components, the rear disc or its accessory components, the leading plate / forward abutment plate, the rear support plate / rear abutment plate, the limiting device as the ranging object, or the linear displacement sensor is fixedly installed on any two of the front disc or its accessory components, the rear disc or its accessory components, the leading plate / forward abutment plate, the rear support plate / rear abutment plate, the limiting device; and during the expansion of the umbrella-shaped expansion head anchoring structure, the two components are away from each other, or the two components are close to each other but not in contact, or the two components finally come into contact but the linear displacement sensor is installed backward, so that the linear displacement sensor cannot be in contact. Figure 5 , the front hinge device in Figure 12 ; the rear disc or its accessory components, the rear disc or its accessory components, the leading plate / forward abutment plate, the rear support plate / rear abutment plate, the limiting device, with any other one of the front disc or its accessory components, the rear disc or its accessory components, the leading plate / forward abutment plate, the rear support plate / rear abutment plate, the limiting device as the ranging object, or the linear displacement sensor is fixedly installed on any two of the front disc or its accessory components, the rear disc or its accessory components, the leading plate / forward abutment plate, the rear support plate / rear abutment plate, the limiting device; and during the expansion of the umbrella-shaped expansion head anchoring structure, the two components are away from each other, or the two components are close to each other but not in contact, or the two components finally come into contact but the linear displacement sensor is installed backward, so that the linear displacement sensor cannot be in contact. Figure 1 , the front hinge device in Figure 2 , the front hinge device in Figure 3 , the front hinge device in Figure 4 , the front hinge device in Figure 5 , the front hinge device in Figure 12 , the front hinge device in Figure 13 , the front hinge device in Figure 14 , the front hinge device in Figure 1 , the front hinge device in Figure 4 , the front hinge device in Figure 14The two components can be any one of them as the measured object (for scattering / reflection), the other installs the sensor (both includes the transmitter and the receiver), can also be any one of them installs the transmitter, the other installs the receiver, that is, the linear displacement sensor is installed on any two components (that is, the opposite type). At this time, the detection wave is transmitted along the longitudinal direction, and the distance between the transverse components (front disc, rear disc, limiting device, guide plate / leading plate, trailing plate / rear support plate) is measured. The linear displacement sensor in the application does not mean that the linear displacement sensor is not installed on the contact surface, that is, the transmitter and receiver cannot be installed on any contact surface, that is, during the expansion of the expanded body anchoring structure, the transmitter and receiver are not contacted and touched by any component, so that it can implement the ranging work. Transverse refers to the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

[0025] Or the linear displacement sensor is fixedly installed on the longitudinal component and / or limiting device, or is installed on the longitudinal component and / or folding rod, or is installed on the longitudinal component and / or hinge, or is installed on the limiting device and / or hinge, or is installed on the limiting device and / or folding rod, and the linear displacement sensor cannot be contacted by any component; the longitudinal component and the limiting device can be any one of them installing the ranging sensor, the other is the measured object (for scattering / reflection), can also be any one of them installs the transmitter, the other installs the receiver (that is, the opposite type). At this time, the detection wave is transmitted along the transverse direction, and the distance between the longitudinal component and the limiting device is measured. "On the hinge" can be any part constituting the hinge (such as male or female connector, ring plug or socket, etc., see the applicant's previous application), and the folding rod includes but is not limited to long rod, short rod, long rod extension (or called barb), short rod extension.

[0026] Or the linear displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the cylinder sleeve base and / or the piston, and the cylinder sleeve base and the piston are away from each other; or the cylinder sleeve base and the piston are close to each other but not in contact; or the cylinder sleeve base and the piston are finally in contact but the linear displacement sensor is arranged backward, so that the linear displacement sensor cannot be in contact. The cylinder sleeve base (sometimes also referred to as a cylinder sleeve) and the piston can be plate-shaped / annular / rod-shaped / cylindrical / tubular, etc. (for example, the cylinder sleeve and the piston cylinder in the applicant's previous application CN208455617U, the cylinder sleeve and the piston, or the cylinder sleeve base, the piston plate, the piston rod, the plunger, etc. in CN213682090U), and the cylinder sleeve base and the piston are two members that face each other (or are parallel to each other) and are away from each other / close to each other in the piston cylinder (or referred to as the telescopic cylinder) and are not the cylinder sleeve side wall. The piston cylinder can be a one-way piston cylinder or a two-way piston cylinder. The one-way piston cylinder can be a one-way retraction or a one-way extension. For details, see the series of previous applications on umbrella-shaped enlarged head anchoring technology. The cylinder sleeve base and the piston can be any one of them arranged with a sensor, and the other is a measured object (for scattering / reflection). They can also be any one of them arranged with a transmitter and the other arranged with a receiver. For the contact indicating device, the pressure sensor, the proximity sensor, and the photoelectric sensor installed on the contact surface are used to indicate the approach (contact) of the two members. In principle, it belongs to a trigger switch, but the distance measuring sensor of the present application is not a contact indicating device, but is used to measure the distance between the two members at any time. The distance measuring sensor needs to be used repeatedly and needs to be kept in normal working state at least before the cement slurry or other consolidation agent is poured. At this time, the detection wave propagates in the longitudinal direction, and the direct measurement is the distance between the cylinder sleeve base and the piston, and thus the distance between the front disc and the rear disc can be indirectly obtained.

[0027] And / or, for the umbrella-shaped reaming tool, the linear displacement sensor is fixedly arranged on the drill pipe and / or the longitudinal column B, or is arranged on the front disc or its accessory member and / or the rear disc or its accessory member, and the linear displacement sensor cannot be in contact with any member. This arrangement is to obtain the distance value between the front disc and the rear disc by measuring the relative displacement between the drill pipe and the longitudinal column B (for example, the front disc and the rear disc are fixedly connected to the longitudinal column B and the drill pipe respectively, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 of the drawings, and the linear displacement sensor is arranged on the drill pipe or the longitudinal column B, taking the longitudinal column B / front disc or the drill pipe / rear disc as the measured object, or the transmitter and the receiver are arranged on the drill pipe and the longitudinal column B respectively, or vice versa). Figure 1 , attached Figure 13 As shown, the drill pipe and the rear disc are fixedly connected, and the longitudinal column B and the front disc are fixedly connected), at this time, the linear displacement sensor is arranged on the drill pipe or the longitudinal column B, taking the longitudinal column B / front disc or the drill pipe / rear disc as the measured object, or the transmitter and the receiver are arranged on the drill pipe and the longitudinal column B respectively, or vice versa; or by measuring the relative displacement between the front disc and the longitudinal column B / drill pipe to obtain the distance value between the front disc and the rear disc (for example, the front disc and the rear disc are fixedly connected to the longitudinal column B and the drill pipe respectively, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 of the drawings, and the linear displacement sensor is arranged on the drill pipe or the longitudinal column B, taking the longitudinal column B / front disc or the drill pipe / rear disc as the measured object, or the transmitter and the receiver are arranged on the drill pipe and the longitudinal column B respectively, or vice versa). Figure 12As shown, the drill pipe is fixedly connected to the rear plate and longitudinal column B. In this case, the linear displacement sensor is installed on the drill pipe / longitudinal column B or the front plate, with the front plate or drill pipe / longitudinal column B / rear plate as the measured object. Alternatively, the transmitter and receiver can be installed on the drill pipe / longitudinal column B and the front plate, respectively, or vice versa. Alternatively, the distance between the front and rear plates can be obtained by measuring the relative displacement between the rear plate and the longitudinal column B / drill pipe / front plate (in this case, the drill pipe is fixedly connected to the front plate and longitudinal column B). In this case, the linear displacement sensor is installed on the drill pipe / longitudinal column B / front plate or the rear plate, with the rear plate or drill pipe / longitudinal column B / front plate as the measured object. Alternatively, the transmitter and receiver can be installed on the drill pipe / longitudinal column B / front plate and the rear plate, respectively, or vice versa. In this case, the probe wave propagates longitudinally, measuring the distance between the drill pipe and the longitudinal column B, or the distance between the drill pipe / longitudinal column B and the front plate, or the distance between the drill pipe / longitudinal column B and the rear plate. Thus, the distance between the front and rear plates can be indirectly obtained. The detection wave is usually laser, ultrasound, or infrared.

[0028] The probe wave travels longitudinally to measure the distance between any two of the front plate, rear plate, pilot plate / front anchor plate, rear support plate / rear anchor plate, and limiting device. However, the linear displacement sensor cannot be installed on components that are close to each other (close proximity is possible, but approaching (reaching) the target) is very likely to damage the sensor and prevent it from measuring properly, or as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 The implementation shown is for rear mounting or as required in the attached document. Figure 1 The rearward movement is mounted on the hinge assembly. The linear displacement sensor is located on the rear hinge plate (rear hinge assembly) which is fixedly connected to the rear disc. The hinge assembly includes, but is not limited to, a hinge plate, hinge rod, hinge ring, hinge ball, and hinge seat. Figure 13 The lug shown is a form of hinged plate. In minimally simplistic extended-body anchoring structures, hinge devices and connectors (e.g., male and female connectors) are not essential. Longitudinal direction is also called axial direction. The probe wave travels laterally to measure the distance between the longitudinal member and the limiting device / anchor bar. For expanded anchorage structures, the sensors used in this invention are typically installed on transverse or vertical (longitudinal) components within the expanded anchorage structure. Installation on extended components such as umbrella planting tools, umbrella expanding tools, anchor bar retrieval tools, anchor bars, and grouting pipes extending from the expanded anchorage structure to the anchor hole is also possible. It should be noted that the longitudinal main reinforcement is not an anchor bar, but rather part of the expanded anchorage bearing structure (belonging to the expanded portion), as detailed in the applicant's earlier application CN110552348A or similar industry applications. However, installation is only possible when the longitudinal main reinforcement or anchor bar has a sufficiently large dimension. Furthermore, due to the rotation of the hinge and pin during umbrella cage expansion, installing a linear displacement sensor on the hinge pin is not a good solution. Limiting devices include, but are not limited to, front limiting devices, rear limiting devices, and integral limiting devices, etc. Figure 1The pin hole shown is one form of installation for the limiting device. Alternatively, the limiting device can be installed on the longitudinal column using any method such as welding, threaded connection, or cold extrusion connection. "On the front plate" can refer to the front or rear side of the front plate or any part thereof; "on the rear plate" can refer to the front or rear side of the rear plate or any part thereof; the same applies to the pilot plate / front anchor plate, rear support plate / rear anchor plate, and limiting device. "On the limiting device and / or hinge device" and "on the longitudinal member and / or anchor bar and / or limiting device" both refer to any part on the hinge device, limiting device, longitudinal member, or anchor bar. Longitudinal refers to the axis of the borehole, and transverse refers to the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Different types of sensors use different detection waves, which can be elastic waves such as sound waves or ultrasonic waves, or electromagnetic waves such as lasers or infrared rays. The linear displacement sensor can be directly or indirectly fixed to the front plate, rear plate, pilot plate / front anchor plate, and rear support plate / rear anchor plate, for example, by attaching... Figure 1 Appendix Figure 14 The linear displacement sensor is indirectly fixed to the rear or front plate via a rear or front hinge device. Alternatively, it can be indirectly fixed via a pusher, a fixed / one-way fixing device, etc. The fixing is usually detachable for repair.

[0029] Further, the system controller is installed with a control program; and / or, a host computer is further provided, and the system controller is in communication connection with the host computer; or at the same time, the host computer is further configured with a display B and / or an input device; the type, structure configuration and display content of the display B can be the same as or different from those of the display of the system controller, for example, the display B can play a video, while the display of the system controller is a touch screen. The functions of the control program include but are not limited to the control of the linear displacement sensor, the angular displacement sensor, the display, the camera, the steering engine, etc., and the control program is also referred to as software, which is not limited to any programming language or any form. The control program is usually downloaded into the system controller after the program is compiled on the host computer, and the host computer includes but is not limited to a computer, a touch screen, a programmer, a mobile phone, etc. The computer includes a tablet computer, a general-purpose computer such as a PC, an industrial computer such as an industrial personal computer (IPC), a remote collaborative cloud platform, etc. The host computer is also used for compiling, reading, modifying the user program, monitoring the operation of the controller system, realizing remote central monitoring, simulation display, printing files, collecting, storing and processing data, etc. The mobile phone can also remotely monitor the expansion process of the expansion structure or the construction process of the reaming tool through an APP software, and the IPC can also realize remote control. The host computer is usually configured with an input device, i.e., a keyboard or a mouse for data, parameter, character and command input. The program can be compiled and the parameters can be input through the computer and the coding keyboard or the touch screen and then transmitted to the system controller, or the user program can be compiled through the programmer and then input to the system controller, of course, the programmer can also be integrated into the system controller, for example, the user program can be compiled through the control panel keys / touch screen of the PLC, and the PLC and the programmer can also be switched to share one CPU, etc. The touch screen is a touch screen, which is a fusion of a display, a keyboard and / or a button, and is an input device providing a man-machine interactive interface. In a broad sense, the touch screen is a kind of computer with a microprocessor CPU and a programming function. In this application, the communication connection is a structural connection unless otherwise specified, and the structural connection is not limited to any connection mode, nor is it limited to direct connection or indirect connection.

[0030] And / or, the system controller is further connected with a power supply and provided with a power switch, or at the same time, the system controller is further provided with an indicator light and / or an alarm; or at the same time, the system controller further has a printing function and / or a voice broadcast function and / or a remote conference function. The power supply can be any form such as a dry battery, a solar cell, network electricity, etc. The power switch can be any form such as a button, a knife switch, an air switch, etc.

[0031] Furthermore, the angular displacement sensor is fixed to the hinge device, connector, or folding rod, and / or fixed to the hinge pin; or, the angular displacement sensor is fixed to the groove wall of the drill pipe, and / or fixed to the hinge pin of the reamer; the connector includes, but is not limited to, the male or female connector within the hinge, and the folding rod includes, but is not limited to, long rods, short rods, or four-hinged three-rod hinge rods, all of which are extensions of existing technologies and their extensions. For details, please refer to the applicant's series of applications on umbrella-shaped reamer anchoring technology and similar applications in the industry. The angular displacement sensor can be fixed to hinge devices, connectors, folding rods, etc., in various ways. This can involve fixing the sensor's follower shaft to the hinge pin (direct, indirect, or non-contact connection), fixing the sensor's housing to the hinge device, or fixing both the follower shaft and the hinge device, and even just fixing the housing to the hinge device, with the hinge pin's rotation directly read by the sensor's magnetic integrated circuit via magnetic field induction. Alternatively, the sensor's housing can be fixed to the hinge pin, with the relative rotation of the hinge device directly read by the sensor's magnetic integrated circuit via magnetic field induction. All these fixing methods are detachable for easy repair. When the angular displacement sensor is simultaneously fixed to both the hinge device and the hinge pin, it means the follower shaft is fixed to one of them, and the housing is fixed to the other. Similarly, when the angular displacement sensor is simultaneously fixed to the drill pipe groove wall or the reamer's hinge pin, it means the follower shaft is fixed to one of them, and the housing is fixed to the other. A hinge is a mechanical component (such as a hinge plate, hinge rod, hinge ring, hinge ball, hinge seat, etc.) that rotates relative to the hinge pin at the front and rear hinge points and is concentric with the hinge pin, connecting the hinge to the structural body. Specifically, it refers to front hinge devices, rear hinge devices, and auxiliary hinge devices. Figure 6 To be continued Figure 8 The tool holder shown includes structural components such as the front plate, rear plate, and auxiliary plate. Figure 8 The drill pipe, drill bit, etc., shown here are typically referred to as "connections" that are detachable and fixed. The structures located on either side of the hinge pin, which rotate relative to the hinge pin and are concentric with it, are either folding rods (or hinge rods) or connectors. Hinge pins include, but are not limited to, front hinge pins, middle hinge pins, rear hinge pins, and reamer hinge pins. These hinge pins are fixedly connected to one of the components constituting the hinge (e.g., a long rod or short rod, a hinge device, or a male connector) and rotatably connected to the other component constituting the hinge (correspondingly, e.g., a short rod or long rod, a folding rod, or a female connector). Reamer hinge pins can be fixed to the reamer or to the tool holder.

[0032] And / or, for the expansion anchor structure, the linear displacement sensor comprises a transmitter and a receiver; the transmitter and the receiver are respectively fixed on any two of the front disc or its accessory component, the rear disc or its accessory component, the guide plate / front anchor plate, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate, the limiting device, and the transmitter and the receiver are arranged opposite to each other (i.e. the opposite type, the accessory components are shown in the drawings Figure 15 Only represents the installation principle of the opposite type sensor, not represents that the opposite type is suitable for the longitudinal member and the folding rod or the hinge, in fact, the opposite type may be more suitable for the transverse member, such as between the front disc and the rear disc, and the reflection / scattering may be more suitable for the longitudinal member and the folding rod or the hinge); or the transmitter and the receiver are fixed on one of the front disc, the rear disc, the guide plate / front anchor plate, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate, the limiting device, and the transmitter and the receiver are arranged in parallel (i.e. the reflection type); the parallel arrangement is also called the side-by-side arrangement, such as the accessory components shown in the drawings Figure 1 , the accessory components shown in the drawings Figure 5 , the accessory components shown in the drawings Figure 12 , the accessory components shown in the drawings Figure 13 The transmitter can detect the wave opposite to the receiver, and the detection wave emitted by the transmitter can be reflected by the detected object and returned to be received by the receiver.

[0033] Or the transmitter and the receiver are respectively fixed on the longitudinal member, the limiting device, or the longitudinal member, the folding rod, or the longitudinal member, the hinge, or the limiting device, the hinge, or the limiting device, the folding rod, and the transmitter and the receiver are arranged opposite to each other; or the transmitter and the receiver are fixed on one of the longitudinal member, the limiting device, the folding rod, the hinge, and the transmitter and the receiver are arranged in parallel; the limiting device is, for example, the main steel pipe in the disclosure No. CN205653785U, and the longitudinal member is, for example, the vertical rib (i.e. the longitudinal reinforcing bar in the present application, which can be in any shape such as strip, plate, corrugated, etc.) in the disclosure No. CN219033193U.

[0034] Or the transmitter and the receiver are respectively fixed on the cylinder sleeve base and the piston, and the transmitter and the receiver are arranged opposite to each other; or the transmitter and the receiver are fixed on one of the cylinder sleeve base and the piston, and the transmitter and the receiver are arranged in parallel;

[0035] And / or, for the umbrella-shaped reamer, the linear displacement sensor comprises a transmitter and a receiver; the transmitter and the receiver are respectively fixed on the drill pipe and the longitudinal column B, or are respectively arranged on the front disc or its accessory component and the rear disc or its accessory component, and the transmitter and the receiver are arranged opposite to each other; or the transmitter and the receiver are fixed on one of the drill pipe and the longitudinal column B, or are fixed on one of the front disc or its accessory component and the rear disc or its accessory component, and the transmitter and the receiver are arranged in parallel.

[0036] Furthermore, the display functions to show data measured by angular displacement sensors and / or linear displacement sensors in digital and / or graphical and / or tabular and / or textual form, or simultaneously, to display content dynamically synchronized with construction. The graphics can be static diagrams reflecting the actual expansion state drawn by the control program, or dynamic diagrams reflecting the expansion process or rebound process drawn by the control program. Expansion state and expansion process refer to the expansion of the reaming anchor structure or the reaming portion of the reaming drill bit. The data measured by the linear displacement sensors includes, but is not limited to, distance data between any two of the front plate, rear plate, pilot plate / front anchor plate, and rear support plate / rear anchor plate, or distance data between longitudinal main reinforcement bars. Folding rods, central hinges, and longitudinal main reinforcement bars are all existing technologies; see the applicant's series of applications regarding umbrella-shaped reaming head anchoring technology and similar applications in the industry for details. Buttons can be any type of button, including on / off buttons, input buttons, power switches, and various function keys. The keyboard can be any type of keyboard, including matrix keyboards directly connected to the system controller; the keyboard is typically wired to the system controller. For umbrella-shaped expanded anchoring structures (e.g., attached) Figure 2 For (as shown), angle data includes, but is not limited to, the angle between the long rod and the short rod, the angle between the long rod and the front plate, the angle between the long rod and the axial line, the angle between the short rod and the rear plate, and the angle between the short rod and the axial line; distance data includes, but is not limited to, the distance between any two of the pilot plate / front anchor plate, the front plate, the rear plate, and the rear support plate / rear anchor plate; for umbrella-shaped reaming tools (e.g., with...) Figure 1 Appendix Figure 12 Appendix Figure 13 For the purposes shown, angle data includes, but is not limited to, the angle between the long rod and the short rod, the angle between the long rod and the front plate, the angle between the long rod and the axial line, the angle between the short rod and the rear plate, and the angle between the short rod and the axial line. Distance data includes, but is not limited to, the distance between the front plate and the rear plate, and the distance between the rear hinge device and the front plate. For the variable diameter steel cage, angle data includes, but is not limited to, the angle between any two of the front plate, the folding rod, and the longitudinal main reinforcement. Distance data includes, but is not limited to, the distance between the front plate and the rear plate and any two of the limiting device, and the distance between the limiting device / anchor bar and the longitudinal main reinforcement. For the expanding cutter that rotates forward to retract and rotates backward to expand, angle data includes, but is not limited to, the angle between the expanding cutter and the cutter holder, and the angle between the expanding cutter and the drill rod. The data can be in numerical form, including Arabic numerals, Chinese characters, or numbers expressed in other languages. Distance data can be static distance data or dynamic displacement data. In addition to displaying the measured expansion data, the display can also display the expansion target / standard data.

[0037] Further, the camera is arranged in the expansion body anchoring structure or the reamer, and the camera is in communication connection with the system controller; the camera can be a visible light camera or an infrared camera, etc. The camera is also called an image sensor, which includes a signal processor (conversion element and amplification circuit) in addition to a photosensitive element, and can convert the light signal or infrared light signal into an electrical signal and then transmit it to the system controller outside the drill hole. If it is connected by a wireless way, a wireless communication module needs to be added for data transmission, for example, the camera in the attached Figure 5 is in wireless transmission mode between the system controller, and the system controller can be an internal antenna or an external antenna.

[0038] Or at the same time, the expansion body anchoring structure or the reamer is also provided with a light source; or at the same time, the light source is connected with the system controller through a power line; the light source is used for cooperation with the camera. The light source and the camera both have waterproof function.

[0039] And / or, the pilot plate / forward abutment plate and / or the front disc and / or the rear disc and / or the rear support plate / rear abutment plate has a through hole for providing a detection wave to pass through. Different detection waves have different aperture requirements for the through hole. The detection wave can be a one-way wave, i.e. a transmitting wave, or a two-way wave, i.e. a transmitting wave and a return wave, such as a scattered wave or a reflected wave.

[0040] Further, the function of the display also includes displaying the real scene image shot by the camera, or at the same time, the real scene image is a dynamic display synchronized with the construction. The camera image can share the display with the system controller, or a separate display screen can be provided, but the data image and the real scene image share the display, which has higher hardware and software requirements. The display of the real scene image can be dynamic display, or picture type static display controlled by a button.

[0041] Further, the expansion body anchoring structure or the reamer is also provided with a rudder, and the camera is connected with the expansion body anchoring structure or the reamer through the rudder, and the camera is in rotating connection with the rudder through a rotating shaft; the rudder is in communication connection with the system controller; or at the same time, the lens of the camera is telescopic. The connection in the application except for the communication connection is mechanical connection, including but not limited to various fixed, movable, rotating, threaded, one-way fixed and other arbitrary connection forms. The rudder and the system controller can be in wired communication connection or wireless communication connection. The rudder usually refers to a servo motor or a stepping motor.

[0042] Further, a perfusion pipe is also arranged in connection with the expansion body anchoring structure; the perfusion pipe is described in the applicant's previous application.

[0043] And / or, the anchor planting tool / dilation tool is also provided, or the pushing device or the traction device is also provided on the anchor planting tool / dilation tool at the same time; or at the same time, the umbrella expansion tool includes a jacking rod / turnbuckle / screw rod or nut; all components, mechanisms, devices, etc. not explained in detail in the present application please refer to the applicant's previous application or similar application in the field of umbrella-shaped expansion head series anchoring technology, including the jacking rod, the turnbuckle, the screw rod and the nut refer to the screw rod and the nut in the applicant's previous application CN214061602U. The dilation tool is also called an umbrella expansion tool / umbrella expansion device, or a locking and / or unlocking tool / device of the umbrella cage, etc. including electromagnetic umbrella expansion tools, bolt-type umbrella expansion tools, etc. The anchor planting tool / dilation tool of the present application needs to exit the anchor hole after completing the anchor planting and expansion tasks. The anchor planting tool is a tool for planting anchor rods into the anchor hole. For the expansion body anchoring structure, the anchor planting tool is a tool for planting the expansion body anchoring structure into the anchor hole. For the umbrella-shaped expansion body structure, the anchor planting tool is an umbrella planting tool or an anchor planting and umbrella planting tool (such as a rotary jet drill rod / rotary jet pipe, etc. The rotary jet drill rod can also serve as an anchor planting and umbrella planting tool, and can also serve as an umbrella expansion tool. The rotary jet drill rod can be in any form of single pipe, double pipe, triple pipe, RJP, MJS, and multiple pipe, etc. However, the "drill rod" in the present application does not refer to the rotary jet drill rod, but to the drill rod connecting the drilling machine and the expansion drill tool (umbrella-shaped expansion device), which is the same name but different in reality).

[0044] And / or, the guide plate / forward anchor plate and / or the front disc and / or the rear disc and / or the rear support plate / rear anchor plate are also provided with passage holes b to provide the anchor planting tool / dilation tool with a moving passage;

[0045] And / or, the connection cable between the angular displacement sensor and / or the linear displacement sensor and the system controller is sleeved with a wire sleeve or shares a sleeve pipe (such as a PE sleeve) with the anchor bar, or is sleeved in the outer extension member (i.e. is sleeved in the outer extension member) and extends out of the drill hole.

[0046] Further, the packaging of the angular displacement sensor and the linear displacement sensor has a waterproof function; and / or, the anchor bar recovery device is also provided. The anchor bar recovery device not only includes various mechanical or hydraulic or static blasting or air inflation or water jet cutting concrete devices, etc., but also includes various thermal recovery devices.

[0047] And / or the expansion anchor structure is configured with a membrane bag, or also with an exhaust pipe and extends outside the anchor hole; the membrane bag can be in any form, including but not limited to an outer membrane bag, an inner membrane bag, etc., and "configuration" includes but is not limited to the outside, inside, etc. of the expansion anchor structure. In addition to providing a relatively pure grouting environment, the membrane bag can also provide a relatively pure medium environment for the propagation of detection waves, such as air or water environment. The setting of the pouring pipe and the exhaust pipe is seen in the umbrella-shaped expansion head anchoring technology series of earlier applications. The waterproof function includes but is not limited to waterproof outer cover or frame, sealing ring, polymer filling, etc. structure measures, materials. The membrane bag is prior art, see the applicant's series of earlier applications on umbrella-shaped expansion head anchoring.

[0048] And / or the angular displacement sensor and / or the linear displacement sensor is wired to the system controller; the wired connection includes but is not limited to optical fiber, network cable, Dupont cable, cable, USB data cable, etc.

[0049] And / or, a rib beam is also provided on the rear hinged device of the reamer; the rib beam includes a plurality of transverse ribs and / or longitudinal ribs and / or tangential ribs, which can be steel ribs or steel rib plates, etc. The high and large rear hinged device with rib beams is to enhance the constraint torque on the long rod and the short rod to overcome the counter-torque of the cut rock-soil body around the reamer. The tangential rib is similar to the rib beam provided in the umbrella-shaped expansion anchor structure to support and reinforce the rear hinged device. The rib beam of the umbrella-shaped expansion anchor structure is perpendicular to the hinged plate and is welded to the front disc and / or the rear disc. The tangential (or circumferential) rib beam of the reamer is also perpendicular to the hinged plate and is welded to the front disc and / or the rear disc.

[0050] And / or, a spiral wing is also provided on the drill rod and / or longitudinal column of the reamer. The spiral wing is used for drilling and slagging. Other devices and limiting measures of the drilling rig are not involved in this application.

[0051] And / or, a measuring device is also provided, which is connected to the front disc or the rear disc or the leading plate / front anchor plate or the rear support plate / rear anchor plate and extends out of the anchor hole. The traditional measuring device can be used in cooperation with the electronic measuring device, or it can play a role when the electronic measuring device encounters an accident (such as a communication connection interruption inside and outside the anchor hole). The anchor hole is a short form of anchor rod hole or anchor cable hole, that is, a hole is drilled in the rock-soil body to provide an embedded anchor, which is then filled with a grouting agent to form an anchor rod or an anchor cable. Of course, there are also some cases where filling is not done. The measuring device can be a separate measuring rope / measuring rod, or it can be provided in combination with the pouring pipe, the jacking rod, the anchor, the anchor planting tool, the pin pulling rope, the pin, etc.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and beneficial effects that:

[0053] 1. The camera is set to realize the visualization of the expansion of the borehole expansion body anchoring bearing structure and the expansion of the hole expansion tool, which is verified by the digital measurement results, and avoids false reports that may be caused by various reasons (such as temperature, humidity, groundwater, mud, winding, collision, displacement, damage, etc.) due to single measurement and control mode.

[0054] 2. The expansion of the expansion body anchoring bearing structure and the hole expansion tool is mechanized, automated, electronic informationized and digitized, which changes the simple state of the original manual measurement (measuring rope / measuring rod) method, realizes the instant feedback of the expansion information of the expansion body structure in the construction (instant feedback of process construction quality) instead of post-feedback, realizes the substantial improvement of the information feedback efficiency; and the camera angle is adjusted by the rudder, and the voice system and the alarm device are set, so that the geotechnical anchoring field can be synchronized with the digital development of the society.

[0055] 3. The present application can timely reflect the actual expansion situation of the corresponding expansion mechanism in the anchor hole expansion section, that is, the actual deviation situation during the expansion construction stage of the expansion body anchoring bearing structure and the hole expansion construction stage of the hole expansion tool, which can provide the acceptance basis of process quality in time, avoid the situation that the umbrella expansion degree does not meet the standard and needs to be reworked after grouting or anchor tool / expansion tool exits the anchor hole, avoid the situation that the hole expansion diameter does not meet the standard and needs to be reworked after the hole expansion tool exits the hole, realize instant detection during construction instead of post-detection, substantially improve the construction efficiency, and avoid unnecessary large increase of engineering cost.

[0056] 4. The expansion of the borehole expansion body anchoring bearing structure and the hole expansion tool realizes data display, data storage, data analysis and processing, data transmission, data printing, and the visualization and charting of the detected data and analysis data to replace the previous qualitative description (whether the expansion is realized) with quantitative description (how much percentage the expansion has reached, how much the actual deviation is, and whether it meets the design requirement for deviation degree).

[0057] 5、 changed the existing pile foundation hole measuring technology CN216410132U in the main control board, the assembly of probe distance module is put into the drill hole, then the detected data is output to the outside of the drill hole through wireless transmission, the utility model discloses that the main control board is separated from probe distance module, becomes two parts of hole outside, hole inside, make the main control board avoid the mud, water environment in the drill hole, greatly increase the reliability and stability of detection equipment, at the same time, for the body expansion anchoring load structure, only displacement measurement module and wireless transmission module / communication cable become disposable consumables, thereby also greatly save the cost. This makes the realization of mechanization, automation, electronic informationization, digitization in the field, which not only guarantees the reliability and stability of the equipment and system operation, but also realizes the economy on the road of technological progress.

[0058] 6、 The present application solves the problem of the existing technology that the detection device is difficult to install on the anchor tool due to the small size of the anchor tool, and the detection device is easily damaged when the anchor tool carries the detection device in and out of the umbrella cage and anchor hole. The existing technology cannot sense the approach of two components that do not need to approach each other or the distance between two components, and can only rely on the approach of the two components to give a switching signal (i.e. information about whether the umbrella cage is expanded) but cannot give information about the quantity (i.e. the actual expansion degree of the umbrella cage), which cannot provide accurate basis for construction management personnel to master the actual construction deviation, implement quality inspection of the umbrella cage / steel cage expansion process, and make subsequent disposal decisions, and is also easily damaged by collision, leading to failure. The existing technology measures the expansion of the umbrella cage indirectly by reading the measurement of the measuring tool (measuring rope or measuring rod) outside the anchor hole (although the reading can be very accurate, but it may not reflect the actual situation of the expansion structure in the anchor hole), and cannot directly measure in the umbrella cage. The measurement method is abstract, not intuitive, relatively primitive, relatively single, and has limited reliability.

[0059] 7、 After the expansion anchoring load structure is unlocked and expanded, reliable and accurate information feedback is obtained for the final installation state of the pressure box or other force and deformation measuring devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an umbrella-shaped hole expander structure with displacement sensors, Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a front view of an umbrella-shaped expansion anchoring structure with displacement sensors, Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a four-hinged variable-diameter steel cage expansion anchoring structure with displacement sensors, Figure 2 Fig. 4 is a right side view of the umbrella-shaped expansion anchoring structure shown in Fig. 3, Figure 4 Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a four-hinged variable-diameter steel cage expansion anchoring structure with displacement sensors, Figure 5 Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a control system communication connection for measuring the expansion degree of the expansion anchoring structure or the expansion degree of the expansion drill, Figure 6 Fig. 7 is a top view of a forward and reverse retraction type expansion drill in a retracted state,Figure 7 is a top view of the expansion state of the positive and negative rotation retractable reaming tool, Figure 8 is a side view of the positive and negative rotation retractable reaming tool with an angle sensor, Figure 9 is a simplified diagram of the expansion state of the umbrella-shaped reamer structure with an expansion degree of 100% displayed on the display screen, Figure 10 is a simplified diagram of the expansion state of the umbrella-shaped reamer structure with an expansion degree of 89% displayed on the display screen, Figure 11 is a simplified diagram of the expansion state of the umbrella-shaped reamer structure with an expansion degree of 92% displayed on the display screen, Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another umbrella-shaped reamer structure with a displacement sensor, Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a spiral drill tool with an umbrella-shaped reamer structure with a displacement sensor, Figure 14 is an installation example diagram of a reflective linear displacement sensor; wherein the umbrella-shaped reamer structure can be an anchoring load-bearing structure or a reaming tool, Figure 15 is an installation example diagram of a reflective linear displacement sensor in an umbrella-shaped reamer structure for a hollow anchor rod, Figure 16 is a calculation diagram when D 前 <D 后 , Figure 17 is a parameter labeling diagram when D 前 <D 后 , Figure 18 is a calculation diagram when D 前 >D 后 , Figure 19 is a parameter labeling diagram when D 前 >D 后 , Figure 20 is a calculation diagram when d = 0, Figure 21 is a calculation example diagram when the expansion degree is greater than 100%, Figure 22 is a comparison diagram of the expansion degree when the folded rods are even and odd respectively (longitudinal view),

[0061] Wherein: 1-system controller, 2-upper computer, 3-longitudinal column, 3-1-structural member, 3-2-longitudinal column A, 3-3-longitudinal column B, 4-probing wave, 5-front disc, 6-rear disc, 7-pilot plate / front anchor plate, 8-rear support plate / rear anchor plate, 9-camera, 10-transmitter, 11-receiver, 12-drill hole, 13-hinge device, 13-1-front hinge device, 13-2-rear hinge device, 14-connector, 14-1-male connector, 14-3-female connector, 15-folding rod, 15-1-long rod, 15-2-short rod, 15-3-longitudinal main reinforcement, 16-hinge pin, 16-1-front hinge pin, 16-2-middle hinge pin, 16-3-rear hinge pin, 16-4-expanding tool hinge pin, 17-angular displacement sensor, 18-linear displacement sensor, 19-power supply, 20-drill rod, 21-pushing device, 22-anchor tool / expanding tool, 23-hinge, 23-1-front hinge, 23-2-middle hinge, 23-3-rear hinge, 23-5-expanding tool hinge, 25-display, 25-1-display B, 26-button, 27-input device, 28-tool holder, 29-limiting device, 29-1-front limiting device, 29-2-rear limiting device, 30-rudder, 31-rotation shaft, 32-anchor reinforcement, 33-expanding tool, 34-drill bit, 35-channel hole A, 36-channel hole B, 37-power supply switch, 38-connection cable, 39-reaming, 40-one-way fixing device, 41-load conversion device, 50-return spring, 51-fixed connection, 52-connection reinforcement, 53-pressure box, 55-ribbed beam, 56-light source, 65-drill rod groove wall, 67-penetration pin hole, 68-drill tooth, 69-helical wing, 70-ear, 71-expanding tool expansion angle φ, 72-retaining pin, 73-limiting hole, 75-longitudinal axis, 76-outer membrane bag, 77-stirrup. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to more clearly describe the technical scheme of the utility model, the following part of embodiment is listed, but can not be as the limitation to the utility model.

[0063] Embodiment 1: attached Figure 2 As the need of paper surface is simple and brief, only the folding rod of the 1st group and the 3rd group is drawn, and the folding rod of the 2nd group (and the 4th group) which is arranged vertically to the paper surface is not drawn.

[0064] The pressure box, the reset spring, the load conversion device, the folding rod, the long rod, the short rod, the connector, the hinged device, the pushing device, the longitudinal main reinforcement, the one-way fixing device, the front hinge, the middle hinge, the rear hinge, and the like are all prior art, and details can be found in the applicant's or the industry's related prior applications. The longitudinal main reinforcement is the longitudinal main reinforcement of the variable-diameter reinforcement cage (it is one of the longitudinal members described in the present application, and it is also one of the folding rods). The front hinge, the middle hinge, and the rear hinge are also known as the front hinge, the middle hinge, and the rear hinge.

[0065] The detection device for expansion degree of expansion body anchoring structure and expansion degree of reaming tool is provided with a system controller 1 arranged outside the drill hole 12; an angular displacement sensor 17 and / or a linear displacement sensor 18 are arranged in the expansion body anchoring structure or various external members or the reaming tool and connected with the system controller 1;

[0066] The system controller 1 is provided with a display 25, and simultaneously provided with a button 26 and / or a keyboard;

[0067] The expansion body anchoring structure comprises a front disc 5, a rear disc 6, a folding rod 15, a hinge 23, simultaneously comprises a longitudinal member, simultaneously comprises a pilot plate / front anchor plate 7 and / or a rear support plate / rear anchor plate 8, simultaneously comprises a limiting device 29 and / or a retreat-stop device; the anchor reinforcement 32 is fixedly connected or fixedly connected in one-way or U-shapedly arranged in the expansion body anchoring structure; or simultaneously, the longitudinal member is sleeved on the anchor reinforcement 32 or sleeved in the anchor reinforcement 32;

[0068] The reaming tool is an umbrella-shaped reaming tool or a positive and negative rotation retractable reaming tool; the umbrella-shaped reaming tool is provided with a front disc 5, a rear disc 6, a long rod 15-1, a short rod 15-2, a front hinge 23-1, a middle hinge 23-2, a rear hinge 23-3, and a longitudinal column 3; simultaneously, a connection reinforcing part 52 is arranged at the connection between the drill rod 20 and the rear disc 6, and the connection reinforcing part 52 is fixedly connected with the drill rod 20 and the rear disc 6; the positive and negative rotation retractable reaming tool is provided with an expansion cutter 33 and an expansion cutter hinge 23-5; the umbrella-shaped reaming tool and the positive and negative rotation retractable reaming tool are connected with the drilling machine through the drill rod 20;

[0069] Preferably, the angular displacement sensor 17 is arranged on the hinge 23 of the expansion body anchoring structure or the umbrella-shaped reaming tool, or arranged on the expansion cutter hinge 23-5 of the positive and negative rotation retractable reaming tool or the drill rod groove wall 65;

[0070] And / or, the line displacement sensor 18 is fixedly arranged on any one of the front disc 5 or its accessory components, the rear disc 6 or its accessory components, the guide plate / front anchor plate 7, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate 8, and the limiting device 29, and the other one of the front disc 5 or its accessory components, the rear disc 6 or its accessory components, the guide plate / front anchor plate 7, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate 8, and the limiting device 29 is the distance measuring object, or the line displacement sensor 18 is fixedly arranged on any two of the front disc 5 or its accessory components, the rear disc 6 or its accessory components, the guide plate / front anchor plate 7, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate 8, and the limiting device 29; and during the expansion of the body anchoring structure, the two components are away from each other; or the two components are close to each other but finally not in contact; or the two components finally come into contact but the line displacement sensor 18 is arranged backward, so that the line displacement sensor 18 cannot be in contact.

[0071] Or the line displacement sensor 18 is fixedly arranged on the longitudinal component and / or the limiting device 29, or on the longitudinal component and / or the folding rod 15, or on the longitudinal component and / or the hinge 23, or on the limiting device 29 and / or the hinge 23, or on the limiting device 29 and / or the folding rod 15, and the line displacement sensor 18 cannot be in contact with any component.

[0072] Or the line displacement sensor 18 is fixedly arranged on the cylinder sleeve base and / or the piston, and the cylinder sleeve base and the piston are away from each other; or the cylinder sleeve base and the piston are close to each other but finally not in contact; or the cylinder sleeve base and the piston finally come into contact but the line displacement sensor 18 is arranged backward, so that the line displacement sensor 18 cannot be in contact.

[0073] And / or, for the umbrella-shaped hole-expanding drill, the line displacement sensor 18 is fixedly arranged on the drill rod 20 and / or the longitudinal column 3, or on the front disc 5 or its accessory components and / or the rear disc 6 or its accessory components, and the line displacement sensor 18 cannot be in contact with any component.

[0074] Preferably, the system controller 1 is installed with a control program; and / or, a host computer 2 is further provided, and the system controller 1 is in communication connection with the host computer 2; or at the same time, the host computer 2 is further configured with a display B 25-1 and / or an input device 27;

[0075] And / or, the system controller 1 is further connected with a power supply 19 and provided with a power switch, or at the same time, the system controller 1 is further provided with an indicator light and / or an alarm; or at the same time, the system controller 1 further has a printing function and / or a voice broadcast function and / or a remote conference function.

[0076] Preferably, the angular displacement sensor 17 is fixed with the hinged device 13 or the connector 14 or the folding rod 15, and / or is fixed with the hinged pin 16; or, the angular displacement sensor 17 is fixed with the drill rod groove wall 65, and / or is fixed with the reamer hinged pin 16-4;

[0077] And / or, for the expansion anchor structure, the linear displacement sensor (18) comprises a transmitter 10 and a receiver 11; the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are respectively fixed on any two of the front disc 5 or its accessory components, the rear disc 6 or its accessory components, the pilot plate / front anchor plate 7, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate 8, the limiting device 29, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are arranged opposite to each other; or the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are simultaneously fixed on one of the front disc 5, the rear disc 6, the pilot plate / front anchor plate 7, the rear support plate / rear anchor plate 8, and the limiting device 29, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are arranged in parallel.

[0078] Or the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are respectively fixed on the longitudinal component, the limiting device 29, or the longitudinal component, the folding rod 15, or the longitudinal component, the hinge 23, or the limiting device 29, the hinge 23, or the limiting device 29, the folding rod 15, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are arranged opposite to each other; or the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are simultaneously fixed on one of the longitudinal component, the limiting device 29, the folding rod 15, and the hinge 23, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are arranged in parallel.

[0079] Or the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are respectively fixed on the cylinder sleeve base, the piston, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are arranged opposite to each other; or the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are simultaneously fixed on one of the cylinder sleeve base, the piston, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are arranged in parallel.

[0080] And / or, for the umbrella-shaped reamer, the linear displacement sensor 18 comprises a transmitter 10 and a receiver 11; the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are respectively fixed on the drill rod 20, the longitudinal column 3, or are respectively arranged on the front disc 5 or its accessory components, the rear disc 6 or its accessory components, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are arranged opposite to each other; or the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are simultaneously fixed on one of the drill rod 20, the longitudinal column 3, or one of the front disc 5 or its accessory components, the rear disc 6 or its accessory components, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are arranged in parallel.

[0081] Preferably, the display 25 has the function of displaying the data measured by the angular displacement sensor 17 and / or the linear displacement sensor 18 in the form of numbers and / or graphics and / or tables and / or text, or simultaneously, the displayed content is a dynamic display synchronized with the construction.

[0082] Preferably, the camera 9 is also arranged in the body expansion anchoring structure or the reamer, and the camera 9 is in communication connection with the system controller 1; or at the same time, a light source 56 is also arranged in the body expansion anchoring structure or the reamer; or at the same time, the light source 56 is connected with the system controller 1 through a power line.

[0083] And / or, the pilot plate / leading anchor plate 7 and / or the front disc 5 and / or the rear disc 6 and / or the rear support plate / rear anchor plate 8 are provided with a passage hole A 35 to provide the passage of the detection wave 4.

[0084] Preferably, the display 25 also has the function of displaying the real scene image captured by the camera 9, or at the same time, the real scene image is a dynamic display synchronized with the construction. Preferably, a steering engine 30 is also arranged in the body expansion anchoring structure or the reamer, the camera 9 is connected with the body expansion anchoring structure or the reamer through the steering engine 30, and the camera 9 is in rotational connection with the steering engine 30 through a rotating shaft 31; the steering engine 30 is in communication connection with the system controller 1; or at the same time, the lens of the camera 9 is telescopic.

[0085] Preferably, a perfusion pipe is also arranged in connection with the body expansion anchoring structure.

[0086] And / or, an anchor implanting tool / dilation tool 22 is arranged, or at the same time, a pushing device 21 or a traction device is also arranged on the anchor implanting tool / dilation tool 22; or at the same time, the expansion umbrella tool includes a jacking rod / turnbuckle / screw rod or a nut.

[0087] And / or, the pilot plate / leading anchor plate 7 and / or the front disc 5 and / or the rear disc 6 and / or the rear support plate / rear anchor plate 8 are also provided with a passage hole B 36 to provide the movement of the anchor implanting tool / dilation tool 22.

[0088] And / or, the connection cable 38 between the angular displacement sensor 17 and / or the linear displacement sensor 18 and the system controller 1 is sleeved with a wire sleeve or shares a sleeve tube with the anchor bar 32, and is sleeved in the outer extension member and extends out of the drill hole 12.

[0089] Preferably, the packaging of the angular displacement sensor 17 and the linear displacement sensor 18 has a waterproof function; and / or the body expansion anchoring structure is provided with a membrane bag, or at the same time, is also provided with an exhaust pipe and extends out of the anchor hole; and / or an anchor bar recovery device is also arranged.

[0090] And / or, the angular displacement sensor 17 and / or the linear displacement sensor 18 are in wired connection with the system controller 1.

[0091] And / or, a rib beam 55 is also arranged on the rear hinged device 13-2 of the reamer.

[0092] And / or, on the drill rod 20 and / or longitudinal column 3 of the reaming tool, a spiral wing 69 is further arranged; and / or, a measuring tool is further arranged, which is connected to the front disc 5 or the rear disc 6 or the leading plate / forward anchor plate 7 or the rear support plate / rear anchor plate 8 and extends out of the anchor hole.

[0093] Embodiment 2:

[0094] As shown in the attached Figure 9 , it is known that when the umbrella cage A expands to the target state of umbrella cage expansion preset by the engineer, the theoretical distance between the two middle hinge pin shafts symmetrical about the middle axis is 100.05 cm. When the distance between the front disc and the rear disc is measured by the linear displacement sensor in the anchor hole to be 104.92 cm, and it is observed by the camera 9 in the expansion anchor structure (umbrella-shaped expansion anchor structure) that the umbrella cage has expanded, and the actual distance between the middle hinge pin shafts 16-2 is calculated by the control program built in the system controller 1 to be 100.00 cm, at this time, the umbrella cage expansion degree = D 测 ÷D 理 ≈100%, and the actual state drawing of the umbrella cage (in the style of the attached Figure 9 schematic diagram) is displayed on the display 25 of the system controller 1, and the actual size of the umbrella cage "100.00 cm" is marked on the drawn graph, and the "expansion degree 100%" is displayed on the display 25;

[0095] As shown in the attached Figure 10 , it is known that when the umbrella cage B expands to the target state of umbrella cage expansion preset by the engineer, the theoretical distance between the two middle hinge pin shafts symmetrical about the middle axis is 100.75 cm. When the distance between the front disc and the rear disc is measured by the linear displacement sensor in the anchor hole to be 123.96 cm, and it is observed by the camera 9 in the expansion anchor structure (umbrella-shaped expansion anchor structure) that the umbrella cage has expanded, and the actual distance between the middle hinge pin shafts 16-2 is calculated by the control program built in the system controller 1 to be 89.66 cm, at this time, the umbrella cage expansion degree = D 测 ÷D 理 ≈89%, and the actual state drawing of the umbrella cage (in the style of the attached Figure 10 schematic diagram) is displayed on the display 25 of the system controller 1, and the actual size of the umbrella cage "89.66 cm" is marked on the drawn graph, and the "expansion degree 89%" is displayed on the display 25;

[0096] As shown in the attached Figure 11As shown, when the umbrella cage C expands to the engineer's preset expansion target state, the theoretical distance between the two central hinge pins symmetrical about the central axis is 99.45 cm. When the distance between the front and rear plates is measured to be 87.23 cm by a linear displacement sensor within the anchor hole, and the expansion of the umbrella cage is confirmed by camera 9 within the expansion anchoring structure (umbrella-shaped expansion structure), and the actual distance between the central hinge pins 16-2 is calculated to be 91.50 cm by the control program, the umbrella cage expansion degree can be calculated as D. 测 ÷D 理 ≈92%, and implement actual state drawing of umbrella cage (according to the attached) Figure 11 The simplified diagram shown is displayed on the monitor 25 of the system controller 1. The actual size of the umbrella cage, "91.50cm," is marked on the drawn diagram, and the monitor 25 displays "Expansion 92%." (See attached diagram.) Figure 5 The diagrams, data, and text displayed on the monitor 25, or simultaneously displayed on the screen, are all dynamic displays synchronized with the construction, i.e., animated displays; of course, measurement and screen display can be implemented by simply pressing buttons without dynamic display.

[0097] Example 3: As shown in the attached document Figure 6 Appendix Figure 7 Appendix Figure 8 As shown, the angular displacement sensor can be installed on either the upper or lower end of the reamer hinge pin 16-4. The reamer expansion angle measured by the angular displacement sensor will also be displayed on the monitor 25, for example, as shown in the attached image. Figure 7 The expansion angle φ of the reamer is 90 degrees. Correspondingly, the screen will display "Reamer Expansion Angle 90 Degrees," or number different reamers and display their different expansion angles, or simultaneously display their expansion degree, or dynamically display as shown in the attached image. Figure 7 The simplified diagram showing the actual expansion state of the reamer, i.e., the animation, along with the expansion data and text, are dynamically displayed in sync with the construction process. Of course, measurement and screen display can be controlled by simple button presses without dynamic display. The reamer expansion angle is the angle between the reamer and the tool holder during the reamer expansion state. The expansion degree of a forward / reverse retractable reamer = the actual reamer expansion angle within the anchor hole measured by the angular displacement sensor ÷ the reamer expansion angle under the engineer's preset target expansion state.

[0098] Example 4: As shown in the appendix Figure 1As shown, the upper end and upper section of the longitudinal column 3 are movably inserted into the drill rod 20, the rear plate 6, and the rear hinge device 13-2, while the lower end of the longitudinal column 3 is fixedly connected to the front hinge device 13-1. The longitudinal column 3 is provided with multiple through-holes 67, and the limiting device 29 is inserted into the through-holes 67. The rear hinge device 13-2 is reinforced with several longitudinal and / or transverse ribs 55. The drill rod 20 is fixedly connected to the rear plate 6 (e.g., threaded connection / pin connection (or pin-type connection) / welding, etc.) and simultaneously fixedly connected to both via a connecting reinforcement part 52 (e.g., threaded connection). The structure is reinforced by (e.g., by threaded connection / welding); a linear displacement sensor 18 is installed on the rear plate 6 or the front plate 5 to measure the distance between them, or on the rear hinge device 13-2 to measure the distance between the position of the detection wave 4 (the position of the linear displacement sensor 18) on the rear hinge device 13-2 and the front plate 5, or on the front hinge device 13-1 to measure its distance from the rear plate 6; and / or an angular displacement sensor 17 is installed on the hinge device 13, connector 14, or hinge pin 16 of the front hinge 23-1, the middle hinge 23-2, or the rear hinge 23-3. A camera 9 or a light source 56 may also be installed. The limiting device 29 limits the rear hinge device 13-2 and also limits the rear plate 6. There can be two, three, four, or more sets of folding rods.

[0099] As attached Figure 12 As shown, the upper end of the longitudinal column 3 is fixedly connected to the rear plate 6 and the rear hinge device 13-2, and the lower end of the longitudinal column 3 movably passes through the front hinge device 13-1. The longitudinal column 3 is provided with multiple through-holes, and the limiting device 29 passes through the through-holes 67. The rear hinge device 13-2 is reinforced with several longitudinal and / or transverse ribs 55. The drill rod 20 is fixedly connected to the rear plate 6 (e.g., threaded connection / pin connection / welding, etc.) and simultaneously fixedly connected to both of them with a connecting reinforcement part 52 (e.g., threaded connection / welding, etc.) for reinforcement. The linear displacement sensor 18 is mounted on the rear disc 6 or the front disc 5 to measure the distance between them, or on the rear hinge 13-2 to measure the distance between the position of the probe wave 4 source (the position of the linear displacement sensor 18) on the rear hinge 13-2 and the front disc 5, or on the front hinge 13-1 to measure its distance from the rear disc 6; and / or the angular displacement sensor 17 is mounted on the hinge 13, connector 14, or hinge pin 16 of the front hinge 23-1, the middle hinge 23-2, or the rear hinge 23-3. A camera 9 or a light source 56 may also be mounted. A limiting device 29 limits the movement of the front disc 5. There may be two, three, four, or more sets of folding rods.

[0100] As attached Figure 13As shown, the lower part of the longitudinal column 3 is fixedly connected with the front disc 5, the front disc 5 is fixedly connected with the front part of the longitudinal column 3, the front hinged joint and / or the rear hinged joint are integrated, the folding rod can be 2 groups, 3 groups or 4 groups or more, the rear part of the longitudinal column 3 is movably passed through the rear disc 6 and the drill rod 20, the limiting device for the rear disc 6 is arranged on other parts of the drilling rig (such as the drill rod or the longitudinal column or the power head or the sliding frame, etc.) outside the drawing, and the drill rod 20 is fixedly connected with the rear disc 6; the linear displacement sensor 18 is arranged on the rear disc 6 or the front disc 5 to measure the distance between the two, or is arranged on the rear hinged joint 13-2 to measure the distance between the wave source position (the position of the linear displacement sensor 18) on the rear hinged joint 13-2 and the front disc 5, or is arranged on the front hinged joint to measure the distance between the front hinged joint and the rear disc 6; and / or the angular displacement sensor 17 is arranged on the hinged joint 13 or the connector 14 or the hinged pin 16 of the front hinged joint 23-1 or the middle hinged joint 23-2 or the rear hinged joint 23-3. Or a camera 9 and a light source 56 are also arranged. The limiting device 29 limits the front disc 5.

[0101] Embodiment 5: as shown in Figure 14 As shown, the linear displacement sensor 18 is indirectly fixedly arranged on the front disc 5 through the front hinged joint 13-1, and the linear displacement sensor is of a reflection type, the detection wave 4 travels along the longitudinal direction, the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are fixed on the front disc 5 at the same time, and the transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are arranged in parallel.

[0102] Embodiment 6: as shown in Figure 2 As shown, two linear displacement sensors 18 are arranged, and the distance between the front disc 5 and the rear disc 6 is calculated according to the difference between the two ranging data and the thickness of the rear disc 6.

[0103] Embodiment 7: as shown in Figure 16 , as shown in Figure 17 , as shown in Figure 18 , as shown in Figure 19 As shown, F and A are two front hinged pins which are axially symmetrical about the center axis (OZ), S and E are two rear hinged pins which are axially symmetrical about the center axis (OZ), and F, A, S and E are located in the same longitudinal section, and from a mathematical point of view, the maximum value D of the diameter of the umbrella is 理= 2 x (OB + g) i.e. 2 x (OE + EB + g) (when the umbrella is expanded to the maximum, the short rod is perpendicular to the central axis (OZ), the reasoning process is omitted. g is the structure thickness, which refers to the distance from the geometric center of the middle hinge pin shaft to the outer edge of the umbrella, i.e. the cumulative thickness of the materials outside the geometric center of the middle hinge pin shaft, such as pin shafts, long rods, short rod ends, stirrups, film bags, etc.), wherein ZA is the distance from the front hinge pin shaft to the central axis (OZ) (Z is the intersection of the front hinge pin shaft connecting line / surface and the central axis), OE is the distance from the rear hinge pin shaft to the central axis (OZ) (O is the intersection of the rear hinge pin shaft connecting line / surface and the central axis), EB is the short rod (let the length of the short rod be L 短 , which refers to the distance from the middle hinge pin shaft to the rear hinge pin shaft), and AB is the long rod (let the length of the long rod be L 长 , which refers to the distance from the front hinge pin shaft to the middle hinge pin shaft), at this time the short rod is perpendicular to the central axis, and the longitudinal distance between the front hinge pin shaft and the rear hinge pin shaft (i.e. the projection of the distance between the front hinge pin shaft and the rear hinge pin shaft on the longitudinal cross section, i.e. in the longitudinal direction) is AG (the theoretical value corresponding to the maximum diameter umbrella, let h 理 ). During the expansion and contraction of the umbrella, when the rear end (i.e. point B) of the long rod moves to point Y, the inner end (i.e. point E) of the short rod moves to point K (in the reverse folding state of the umbrella) or point J (in the forward folding state of the umbrella) (correspondingly, point S moves to point P or point Q), at this time the longitudinal distance between the front hinge pin shaft and the rear hinge pin shaft is AM (let h 反 ) or AN (let h 正 ); let the net distance between the front disc and the rear disc when the umbrella is expanded to the maximum be H 理 , and the diameter of the umbrella be D 理 (let it be the distance between the two middle hinge pin shafts symmetric about the central axis plus the structure thickness on both sides, or twice the sum of the distance from any middle hinge pin shaft to the central axis and the structure thickness on one side); let the net distance between the front disc and the rear disc when the umbrella is forward folded or reverse folded be H 测 (in addition, H 测 in this application can also be the distance between any two of the guide plate, the front disc, the rear disc, and the rear support plate), and the diameter of the umbrella be D 测 (let it be the distance from the middle hinge pin shaft to the middle hinge pin shaft plus the structure thickness); let the thickness of the rear disc be t; let the smaller one of ZA and OE be r; let XY be the transverse distance (i.e. the projection of the length of the short rod L 短 in the transverse plane, i.e. in the transverse direction) from the rear hinge pin shaft to the middle hinge pin shaft; let the difference between ZA and OE be d; let the emission point and the reflection point of the detection wave emitted by the distance measuring sensor be located on the structure surface of the front disc / rear disc, and let the distance from the front hinge pin shaft to the front disc surface and the distance from the rear hinge pin shaft to the rear disc surface be h; let the distance between the front disc and the rear disc be H Figure 17 , the distance between the front disc and the rear disc be H Figure 19 , and the distance between the front disc and the rear disc be H Figure 22Let g be the thickness of the structure at the center hinge; let D be the distance between the two front hinge pins (or twice the distance from any front hinge pin to the center axis) that are symmetric about the center axis 前 Let D be the distance between the two rear hinge pins (or twice the distance from any rear hinge pin to the center axis) that are symmetric about the center axis 后 ;

[0104] Let H be the value of the net distance between the front and rear disks as measured by the displacement sensor 测 ;

[0105] Then, when the umbrella is being folded and D 前 <D 后 (attach Figure 16 , attach Figure 17 , attach Figure 19 ) then

[0106]

[0107] where where when the rear hinge pins are in front of the rear disk h 正 = H 测 - 2h, and when the rear hinge pins are behind the rear disk h 正 = H 测 + t

[0108] or when the umbrella is being unfolded and D 前 >D 后 (attach Figure 16 , attach Figure 17 , attach Figure 19 ) then

[0109]

[0110] where where when the rear hinge pins are in front of the rear disk h 反 = H 测 - 2h, and when the rear hinge pins are behind the rear disk h 反 = H 测 + t

[0111] or when the umbrella is being unfolded and D 前 >D 后 (attach Figure 18 , attach Figure 17 , attach Figure 19 ) then

[0112]

[0113] where where h = H - 2h when the rear hinge pin is in front of the rear disc 反 = H 测 + t 反 h = H - 2h when the rear hinge pin is in front of the rear disc 测 = H 前 + t

[0114] or when the umbrella is being folded and D 后 > D 正 (attach Figure 18 , attach Figure 17 , attach Figure 19 ),

[0115]

[0116] wherein wherein h = H - 2h when the rear hinge pin is in front of the rear disc 测 = H 正 + t 测 h = H - 2h when the rear hinge pin is in front of the rear disc 理 = H 测 + t

[0117] The formula derivation is in the academic category and does not belong to the technical solution of the present application, so the derivation process is omitted.

[0118] It should also be pointed out that in engineering practice, engineers may not set the theoretical maximum expansion state (marked by the short rod being perpendicular to the central axis) as the target expansion state, whether for the expansion body anchoring structure or for the reaming tool, and may set a state of slight positive folding or slight reverse folding as the target expansion state (at this time the short rod is not perpendicular to the central axis, as shown in attach Figure 9 ment 1) for the consideration of the longitudinal compression resistance of the umbrella, at which time D 测 needs to be calculated according to the specific setting of the engineer, D 测 is measured by the distance measuring sensor, or H 测 is measured based on the distance measuring sensor, and then the expansion degree is calculated according to the umbrella expansion degree = D 理 ÷ D 理 (at this time D 理 is the diameter of the umbrella at the target expansion state set by the engineer, which can be obtained by theoretical calculation according to the structure design given by the engineer, or can be obtained by pre-shrinking the umbrella outside the anchor hole and measuring D 测 data; at this time D 测 is the diameter of the umbrella after expansion measured by the distance measuring sensor in the anchor hole, or the distance H 测The calculated diameter of the umbrella cage after expansion within the anchor hole (e.g., using the aforementioned calculation method) may, in this case, result in an expansion degree potentially exceeding 100% (e.g., as described in Example 12). It should also be noted that the expression "based on the distance sensor measuring H..." is used here. 测 The reason for using "methods like these" is that the distance sensor may not directly measure and display the distance between any two of the pilot plate, front disc, rear disc, or rear trailer plate. Instead, it may be necessary to convert the measured and displayed data to obtain the distance between any two of these components. For example, see attached... Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 12 As shown.

[0119] Furthermore, the formula for the expansion of the umbrella cage will vary depending on the specific structure of the umbrella-shaped expansion device, the expansion and contraction sliding mode (the sliding plate may be the front plate or the rear plate), the setting of the sliding endpoint position (which is related to the engineer's comprehensive consideration of factors such as the overall stiffness of the umbrella cage, the strength of the anchor body in the main load-bearing layer (non-expansion section) and its bond strength with the borehole wall soil and rock, and the geological structure), and the setting of component specifications (e.g., changes in the lateral spacing of the hinges, such as the possible differences in the longitudinal distance from the front and rear hinge pins to the emission / reflection point of the detection wave emitted by the ranging sensor). Figure 1 As shown, and through-measurement may be implemented, for example, attached. Figure 4 The change is due to variations in various factors, such as (as shown), namely: D 理 With H 测 Calculated D 测 All of these will change due to the engineer's settings mentioned above; therefore: except for the umbrella cage expansion degree = D 测 ÷D 理 While the expansion formula provided in this application is generally applicable to all situations, it is only an embodiment for some cases and needs to be applied in a practical manner. It is necessary to establish a realistic system that includes calculations using H... 测 Find the various relationships between the longitudinal distance between the front hinge pin and the rear hinge pin, D. 测 D 理 Lateral projection of long rod, lateral projection of short rod, L 长 L 短 Various relational expressions, etc.

[0120] Example 8: As attached Figure 4 As shown, when the distance sensor 18 is installed laterally on the limiting device (i.e., the sliding end point of the front or rear plate) 29 or the anchor bar 32 of the variable diameter steel cage, let the distance between the lateral detection wave emission point measured by the distance sensor and the longitudinal main bar 15-3 be e, and let the installation distance between the lateral detection wave emission point of the distance sensor and the central axis of the variable diameter steel cage be b. Then the diameter D of the variable diameter steel cage in the expanded state is... 测=2(e+b); Let the ideal expansion diameter of the variable-diameter steel cage given by the engineer be D. 理 The structural thickness g was not considered. It should be noted that the length of the long rod may be greater than, equal to or less than the length of the short rod.

[0121] When the ranging sensor 18 is installed longitudinally on the rear side of the rear plate 6 (the detection wave penetrates the rear plate), according to the structural dimensions of the variable diameter steel cage given by the engineer (including the length L of the long rod), 长 The length L of the short rod 短 The distance h between the hinge point of the long member and the longitudinal main reinforcement and the hinge point of the short member and the longitudinal main reinforcement. 中 Let p be the distance between the hinge points of the two long rods symmetrical about the central axis and the longitudinal main reinforcement (or twice the distance from the hinge point of any long rod to the central axis), and q be the distance between the hinge points of the two short rods symmetrical about the central axis and the longitudinal main reinforcement (or twice the distance from the hinge point of any short rod to the central axis). Let H be the distance between the front plate 5 and the rear plate 6 measured by the distance measuring sensor. 测 Alternatively, let β be the angle between the long rod 15-1 and the longitudinal main reinforcement measured by the angular displacement sensor 17, and α be the angle between the short rod 15-2 and the longitudinal main reinforcement, then H 测 =h 中 +L 长 ·cosβ+L 短 ·cosα; and by D was calculated 测 , or by H 测 D is obtained by conversion 测 ;

[0122] Therefore, the expansion degree of the variable diameter steel cage = D 测 ÷D 理 (D 理 To determine the ideal expansion state diameter of the variable-diameter steel cage for engineers, in addition to theoretical calculations based on the structural design provided by the engineers, the variable-diameter steel cage can also be pre-stretched or contracted outside the anchor holes, and the value of D can be obtained through actual measurements. 理 Data; D 测 The diameter of the variable-diameter rebar cage actually measured by the distance sensor, or the diameter of the variable-diameter rebar cage calculated from the e-value measured by the distance sensor, or the distance H between any two of the pilot plate, front plate, rear plate, and rear support plate calculated based on the data measured by the distance sensor. 测 (The calculated diameter of the variable-diameter steel cage).

[0123] Example 9: As attached Figures 16-20 As shown, when d = 0,

[0124] When the umbrella cage is folded (attached) Figure 20 )hour,

[0125] in or When the rear hinge pin is located in front of the rear disc, h 正 =H 测 -2h, when the rear hinge pin is located behind the rear plate. 正 =H 测 +t;

[0126] When the umbrella cage is folded backwards (attached) Figure 20 )hour,

[0127] in or When the rear hinge pin is located in front of the rear disc, h 反 =H 测 -2h, when the rear hinge pin is located behind the rear plate. 反 =H 测 +t;

[0128] The distances from the front hinge pin and the rear hinge pin to the center axis of the umbrella cage are both r, and the meanings of the other parameters are the same as those described in Example 7.

[0129] Example 10: As attached Figure 2 Appendix Figure 16 Appendix Figure 17 Appendix Figure 18 As shown, when d=0, let the distance between the front disc 5 and the probe wave emission point measured by the distance sensor 18 be H1, and let the distance between the rear disc 6 and the probe wave emission point measured by the distance sensor be H2.

[0130] The net distance from the front plate to the rear plate is H. 测 =H1-H2-t; in h 正 =H 测 -2h, the meanings of the other parameters are the same as those described in Examples 7 and 9.

[0131] Example 11: As shown in the appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 16 Appendix Figure 17 Appendix Figure 18 As shown, when d = 0, let the distance S measured by the ranging sensor 18 from the point where the probe wave exits to the surface of the front disk 5 be S. 测 Let f be the distance between the emission point of the detection wave from the ranging sensor and the surface of the rear plate, then the net distance from the front plate to the rear plate is H. 测 =S 测 +f; Due to the design of the front hinge embedded in the front disk (the rear surface of the front disk is the reflection point of the probe wave), h 正 =H 测 At this time,

[0132] in The meanings of the remaining parameters are the same as those described in Examples 7 and 9.

[0133] Example 12: As attached Figure 21 As shown, the engineers did not design the target expansion state of the anti-folding umbrella cage according to the theoretical maximum diameter 2OB (where OB is the distance from the central hinge pin to the central axis of the umbrella cage when the short rod is perpendicular to the central axis). Instead, they set the target expansion state as the line connecting the rear hinge pins located at RT when the rear plate slides to the target endpoint. At this time, the theoretical diameter D of the umbrella cage is... 理 = 2(r + UV + g) (where UV is the lateral distance between the middle hinge pin and the rear hinge pin when the rear plate slides to the target end position); however, due to the installation error of the limiting device and the anti-reverse device during the assembly of the parachute cage, the line connecting the rear hinge pins eventually stopped at PM (that is, the target of sliding to RT was not actually achieved), at which point the actual diameter of the parachute cage is D. 测 = 2(r + XY + g) (where XY is the lateral distance between the middle hinge pin and the rear hinge pin when the rear plate slides to the actual end position); the distance H between the front and rear plates is measured by the distance sensor. 测 The distance h between FA and PM is calculated. 反 Therefore, from the formula Calculate XY and then calculate D. 测 Therefore, the expansion degree of the umbrella cage = D 测 ÷D 理 The calculated expansion degree is 104% (the calculation process is omitted). In the figure, AB, AY, and AV are long rods, EB, MY, and TV are short rods, and the meanings of the other parameters are the same as those described in Examples 7 and 9.

Claims

1. The detection device for the expansion degree of the expansion body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the reamer in construction, characterized in that: a system controller (1) is arranged outside the drill hole (12); an angular displacement sensor (17) and / or a linear displacement sensor (18) are arranged on the expansion body anchoring structure or the outrigger or the reamer, and are connected with the system controller (1); the system controller (1) is provided with a display (25), or is further provided with a button (26) and / or a keyboard; the expansion body anchoring structure comprises a front disc (5), a rear disc (6), a folding rod (15), a hinge (23), or further comprises a longitudinal member, or further comprises a pilot plate / front anchor plate (7) and / or a rear support plate / rear anchor plate (8), or further comprises a limiting device (29) and / or a retreat-stop device; an anchor bar (32) is fixedly connected or fixedly connected or U-shapedly arranged on the expansion body anchoring structure; or at the same time, the longitudinal member is sleeved on the anchor bar (32) or is sleeved in the anchor bar (32); or the reamer is an umbrella-shaped reamer or a positive and negative rotation retractable reamer, the umbrella-shaped reamer is provided with a front disc (5), a rear disc (6), a long rod (15-1), a short rod (15-2), a front hinge (23-1), a middle hinge (23-2), a rear hinge (23-3), and a longitudinal column (3-3); or at the same time, a connection reinforcing part (52) is arranged at the connection between the drill rod (20) and the rear disc (6), and the connection reinforcing part (52) is fixedly connected with the drill rod (20) and the rear disc (6); the positive and negative rotation retractable reamer is provided with a reamer (33) and a reamer hinge (23-5); the umbrella-shaped reamer and the positive and negative rotation retractable reamer are connected with the drilling machine through the drill rod (20).

2. The detection device for the expansion degree of the expansion body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the reamer in construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angular displacement sensor (17) is arranged on the hinge (23) of the expansion body anchoring structure or the umbrella-shaped reamer, or is arranged on the reamer hinge (23-5) of the positive and negative rotation retractable reamer or the drill rod groove wall (65); and / or, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ For the expansion body anchoring structure, the linear displacement sensor (18) is fixedly arranged on any one of the front disc (5) or its accessory component, the rear disc (6) or its accessory component, the guide plate / forward anchor plate (7), the rear support plate / rear anchor plate (8), and the limiting device (29), and the other one of the front disc (5) or its accessory component, the rear disc (6) or its accessory component, the guide plate / forward anchor plate (7), the rear support plate / rear anchor plate (8), and the limiting device (29) is the distance measuring object, or the linear displacement sensor (18) is fixedly arranged on any two of the front disc (5) or its accessory component, the rear disc (6) or its accessory component, the guide plate / forward anchor plate (7), the rear support plate / rear anchor plate (8), and the limiting device (29); and during the expansion of the expansion body anchoring structure, the two components are away from each other, or the two components are close to each other but do not finally contact, or the two components finally contact but the linear displacement sensor (18) is arranged backward, so that the linear displacement sensor (18) cannot be contacted; Or the linear displacement sensor (18) is fixedly arranged on the longitudinal component and / or the limiting device (29), or is arranged on the longitudinal component and / or the folding rod (15), or is arranged on the longitudinal component and / or the hinge (23), or is arranged on the limiting device (29) and / or the hinge (23), or is arranged on the limiting device (29) and / or the folding rod (15), and the linear displacement sensor (18) cannot be contacted by any component; Or the linear displacement sensor (18) is fixedly arranged on the cylinder sleeve base and / or the piston, and the cylinder sleeve base and the piston are away from each other, or the cylinder sleeve base and the piston are close to each other but do not finally contact, or the cylinder sleeve base and the piston finally contact but the linear displacement sensor (18) is arranged backward, so that the linear displacement sensor (18) cannot be contacted; And / or, for the umbrella-shaped underreamer, the linear displacement sensor (18) is fixedly arranged on the drill rod (20) and / or the longitudinal column B (3-3), or is arranged on the front disc (5) or its accessory component and / or the rear disc (6) or its accessory component, and the linear displacement sensor (18) cannot be contacted by any component.

3. The detection device for the expansion degree of the expansion body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the underreamer during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: an upper computer (2) is further arranged; the system controller (1) is in communication connection with the upper computer (2); or at the same time, the upper computer (2) is further provided with a display B (25-1) and / or an input device (27); And / or, the system controller (1) is further connected with a power supply (19) and is provided with a power switch, or at the same time, the system controller (1) is further provided with an indicator light and / or an alarm.

4. The detection device for the expansion degree of the expansion body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the underreamer during construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ The angular displacement sensor (17) is fixed with the hinge device (13) or the connector (14) or the folding rod (15), and / or is fixed with the hinge pin shaft (16); or, the angular displacement sensor (17) is fixed with the drill rod groove wall (65), and / or is fixed with the reamer hinge pin shaft (16-4); And / or, For the expansion body anchoring structure, the linear displacement sensor (18) comprises a transmitter (10) and a receiver (11); the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are respectively fixed on any two of the front disc (5) or its auxiliary component, the rear disc (6) or its auxiliary component, the pilot plate / forward anchor plate (7), the rear support plate / rear anchor plate (8), and the limiting device (29), and the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are oppositely arranged; or the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are simultaneously fixed on one of the front disc (5), the rear disc (6), the pilot plate / forward anchor plate (7), the rear support plate / rear anchor plate (8), and the limiting device (29), and the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are arranged in parallel; Or the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are respectively fixed on the longitudinal component, the limiting device (29), the folding rod (15), the hinge (23), the limiting device (29), or the hinge (23), the limiting device (29), or the folding rod (15), and the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are oppositely arranged; or the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are simultaneously fixed on one of the longitudinal component, the limiting device (29), the folding rod (15), and the hinge (23), and the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are arranged in parallel; Or the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are respectively fixed on the cylinder sleeve base and the piston, and the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are oppositely arranged; or the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are simultaneously fixed on one of the cylinder sleeve base and the piston, and the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are arranged in parallel; And / or, for the umbrella-shaped reamer tool, the linear displacement sensor (18) comprises a transmitter (10) and a receiver (11); the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are respectively fixed on the drill rod (20) and the longitudinal column B (3-3), or are respectively arranged on the front disc (5) or its auxiliary component and the rear disc (6) or its auxiliary component, and the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are oppositely arranged; or the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are simultaneously fixed on one of the drill rod (20) and the longitudinal column B (3-3), or are simultaneously fixed on one of the front disc (5) or its auxiliary component and the rear disc (6) or its auxiliary component, and the transmitter (10) and the receiver (11) are arranged in parallel.

5. The device for detecting the expansion degree of the expansion body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the reamer tool in construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functions of the display (25) include displaying the data measured by the angular displacement sensor (17) and / or the linear displacement sensor (18) in the form of numbers and / or graphics and / or tables and / or texts, or at the same time, the displayed content is a dynamic display synchronized with the construction.

6. The device for detecting the expansion degree of the expanding body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the reamer tool in construction according to claim 1, wherein: a camera (9) is further arranged in the expanding body anchoring structure or the reamer tool, and the camera (9) is in communication connection with the system controller (1); or at the same time, a light source (56) is further arranged in the expanding body anchoring structure or the reamer tool; or at the same time, the light source (56) is connected with the system controller (1) through a power line; And / or, the leading plate / leading abutment plate (7) and / or the front disc (5) and / or the rear disc (6) and / or the rear supporting plate / rear abutment plate (8) are provided with a passage hole A (35) to provide the detection wave (4) to pass through.

7. The device for detecting the expansion degree of the expanding body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the reamer tool in construction according to claim 6, wherein: The functions of the display (25) further include displaying the real scene images captured by the camera (9), or at the same time, the real scene images are dynamically displayed synchronized with the construction.

8. The device for detecting the expansion degree of the expanding body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the reamer tool in construction according to claim 6, wherein: A steering engine (30) is further arranged in the expanding body anchoring structure or the reamer tool, the camera (9) is connected with the expanding body anchoring structure or the reamer tool through the steering engine (30), the camera (9) is rotatably connected with the steering engine (30) through a rotating shaft (31), and the steering engine (30) is in communication connection with the system controller (1); or at the same time, the lens of the camera (9) is retractable.

9. The device for detecting the expansion degree of the expanding body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the reamer tool in construction according to claim 1, wherein: A grouting pipe is further arranged and connected with the expanding body anchoring structure; And / or, an anchoring tool / expanding tool (22) is further arranged, or at the same time, a pushing device (21) or a traction device is further arranged on the anchoring tool / expanding tool (22); or at the same time, the expanding tool includes a jacking rod / turnbuckle / screw rod or a nut; And / or, the leading plate / leading abutment plate (7) and / or the front disc (5) and / or the rear disc (6) and / or the rear supporting plate / rear abutment plate (8) are further provided with a passage hole B (36) to provide the anchoring tool / expanding tool (22) to move through; And / or, the connecting cable (38) between the angular displacement sensor (17) and / or the linear displacement sensor (18) and the system controller (1) is sleeved with a wire sleeve or shares a sleeve pipe with the anchor bar (32), or is sleeved in the outer extending member and extends out of the borehole (12).

10. The device for detecting the expansion degree of the expanding body anchoring structure and the expansion degree of the reamer tool in construction according to claim 1, wherein: The packaging of the angular displacement sensor (17) and the linear displacement sensor (18) has a waterproof function; and / or the expanding body anchoring structure is provided with a membrane bag, or at the same time, is further provided with an exhaust pipe and extends out of the anchor hole; And / or, an anchor bar recovery device is further arranged. ​ And / or, the angular displacement sensor (17) and / or the linear displacement sensor (18) are wired to the system controller (1); And / or, a rib beam (55) is arranged on the rear hinged device (13-2) of the reamer; And / or, a spiral wing (69) is arranged on the drill rod (20) and / or the longitudinal column (3-3) of the reamer; And / or, a measuring tool is arranged, which is connected to the front disc (5) or the rear disc (6) or the leading plate / leading anchor plate (7) or the rear supporting plate / rear anchor plate (8) and extends out of the anchor hole.

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