Farmland lateral fertilizer smoothing operation machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a farmland lateral fertilizer smoothing operation machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and structurally comprises a vehicle body of a walking vehicle and a fertilizer hopper, and the fertilizer hopper is fixedly arranged on a frame of the vehicle body; an open discharging opening is formed in the bottom end of the fertilizer hopper, a chain type scraper conveying mechanism is horizontally arranged below the discharging opening, the rear section of an upper conveying working face of the chain type scraper conveying mechanism extends out of the discharging opening of the fertilizer hopper backwards, and a discharging valve capable of being adjusted in a lifting mode is arranged on the portion, behind the discharging opening, of the side wall of the fertilizer hopper; a rear coaming is arranged behind the rear end of the chain type scraper conveying mechanism; a discharging channel in the falling direction is formed between the inner periphery of the rear surrounding plate and the rear end of the chain type scraper conveying mechanism. And a single-side fertilizer smoothing mechanism or a double-side fertilizer smoothing mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body rack below the blanking channel. Single-side fertilizer smoothing or double-side fertilizer smoothing can be achieved, the furrow opener can be expanded, fertilizer is applied to the field while furrowing is conducted, furrowing and fertilizer smoothing are deployed in a unified mode, and the fertilizer applying direction and path in the downstream stage are effectively controlled.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural machinery technical field, concretely is a kind of farmland lateral side fertilizer operation machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] Generally, farmland maintenance needs to be more realized by combined operation machine, and the structure function of farmland operation machine under prior art is too single, or combined operation function is too complex and powerful, however, sometimes too single or too complex and powerful agricultural machine cannot well cooperate with farming, causing resource mismatch or resource waste.How to design and manufacture a self-propelled ditching fertilizer car with higher application performance is an important issue to be solved in modern agricultural science and technology. CONTENT OF UTILITY MODEL

[0003] The technical task of the utility model is to solve the deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of farmland lateral side fertilizer operation machine.

[0004] The technical scheme of the utility model is realized according to the following mode, the structure of the farmland lateral side fertilizer operation machine of the utility model includes the car body of walking machine car and fertilizer hopper, fertilizer hopper is fixedly arranged on the car body frame,

[0005] Fertilizer hopper bottom end is provided with open discharge port, and the lower portion of discharge port is horizontally provided with chain scraper conveyor mechanism, and rear conveying supporting plate is arranged in the periphery of chain scraper conveyor mechanism, the upper portion of rear conveying supporting plate is provided with the upper conveying working surface of chain scraper conveyor mechanism, and the rear section of the upper conveying working surface of chain scraper conveyor mechanism is projected out of the discharge port of fertilizer hopper,

[0006] Lifting-adjusted discharge valve is arranged on the side wall of fertilizer hopper rear of discharge port;Discharge valve lower edge and the rear section conveying surface of chain scraper conveyor mechanism form feeding amount adjusting channel between them;

[0007] The rear end of chain scraper conveyor mechanism is provided with rear baffle;The inner periphery of rear baffle and the rear end of chain scraper conveyor mechanism form discharge channel in falling direction between them;

[0008] Single-side fertilizer mechanism or double-side fertilizer mechanism is arranged on the car body frame below discharge channel.

[0009] The structure of single-side fertilizer mechanism is:

[0010] Single-side fertilizer mechanism is arranged on the frame below the discharge channel of rear baffle,

[0011] Single-side fertilizer mechanism is composed of one-way chain scraper conveyor, and the upper conveying surface of one-way chain scraper conveyor and rear baffle are provided with material collecting hopper with upper and lower openings and side openings, and the lower opening area of material collecting hopper is less than the area of the upper conveying surface of one-way chain scraper conveyor;

[0012] The upper conveying surface of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor adopts an inclined upward conveying with the upstream end being lower and the downstream end being higher,

[0013] A fertilizer regulating plate is arranged in the extension direction of the downstream end of the conveying, and the conveying direction of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor is towards the inner wall of the fertilizer regulating plate.

[0014] A fertilizer regulating plate and the downstream end of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor form a fertilizer upward throwing rebounding into field channel.

[0015] The upward angle of the upper conveying surface of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor is set to 2-10 degrees, and an upward angle adjusting mechanism is arranged between the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor and the frame.

[0016] The fertilizer regulating plate is fixedly arranged on the frame, and a fertilizer regulating plate rebound angle adjusting mechanism is arranged between the fertilizer regulating plate and the frame.

[0017] The unidirectional chain scraper conveyor is provided with two parallel unidirectional chain rollers, the axes of the two unidirectional chain rollers are arranged along the traveling direction of the vehicle body, a unidirectional chain scraper is hung between the two unidirectional chain rollers, and a conveying supporting plate is arranged in the unidirectional chain scraper.

[0018] One of the two unidirectional chain rollers is provided with a unidirectional chain roller tensioner.

[0019] The structure of the double-sided fertilizer regulating mechanism is:

[0020] A middle road below the rear wall blanking channel is provided with a distribution plate, the distribution plate is arranged in a hinge plate structure with a middle line ridge, the middle line ridge is arranged along the traveling direction of the vehicle body, and the hinge plates on the left and right sides of the middle line ridge are respectively arranged downwardly inclined from the middle line ridge to form left and right distribution slopes.

[0021] A leftward fertilizer regulating machine and a rightward fertilizer regulating machine are respectively arranged on the frame below the left and right distribution slopes.

[0022] The leftward fertilizer regulating machine is composed of a leftward chain scraper conveyor,

[0023] The leftward upward conveying surface of the leftward chain scraper conveyor adopts a leftward inclined upward conveying with the upstream end being lower and the downstream end being higher,

[0024] A leftward fertilizer regulating plate is arranged in the extension direction of the leftward downstream end of the conveying, and the leftward conveying direction of the leftward chain scraper conveyor is towards the inner wall of the leftward fertilizer regulating plate.

[0025] The rightward fertilizer regulating machine is composed of a rightward chain scraper conveyor,

[0026] The right-hand upward conveying surface of the right-hand chain scraper conveyor adopts a right-hand inclined upward conveying method with a lower upstream end and a higher downstream end.

[0027] A right-direction adjusting plate is provided in the extension direction of the downstream end of the right-direction conveyor, and the right-direction conveying direction of the right-direction chain scraper conveyor is towards the inner wall of the right-direction adjusting plate.

[0028] The left-hand and right-hand fertilizer machines are symmetrically arranged.

[0029] The upward angle of the left-side upward conveying surface of the left-direction chain scraper conveyor and the right-side upward conveying surface of the right-direction chain scraper conveyor are set to 2-10 degrees.

[0030] An upward angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the left-direction chain scraper conveyor and the frame, and between the right-direction chain scraper conveyor and the frame;

[0031] The left-hand and right-hand feed adjustment plates are fixed on the frame, and the feed adjustment plate rebound angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the two plates and the frame.

[0032] The left-hand chain scraper conveyor is equipped with two parallel left-hand chain rollers. The axes of the two left-hand chain rollers are arranged along the direction of travel of the vehicle body. A left-hand chain scraper is hung between the two left-hand chain rollers, and a left-hand conveying tray is provided inside the left-hand chain scraper.

[0033] One of the two left-hand chain rollers of the left-hand chain scraper conveyor is equipped with a left-hand chain roller tensioner;

[0034] The right-hand chain scraper conveyor is equipped with two parallel right-hand chain rollers. The axes of the two right-hand chain rollers are arranged along the direction of travel of the vehicle body. A right-hand chain scraper is hung between the two right-hand chain rollers, and a right-hand conveying tray is provided inside the right-hand chain scraper.

[0035] One of the two right-hand chain rollers of the right-hand chain scraper conveyor is equipped with a right-hand chain roller tensioner.

[0036] The lateral fertilization machine for farmland is equipped with at least one ditch opener on its frame, which is located in front of either the single-sided or double-sided fertilization mechanism.

[0037] The structure of the trencher is:

[0038] A horizontally arranged slide rail is fixedly installed on the vehicle frame. A sliding column is slidably connected to the slide rail. The sliding column is limited on the slide rail by a fixed pin. The working end of the sliding column extends outward from the vehicle frame. A vertically arranged plow leg is fixedly installed at the working end of the sliding column. A lifting two-way hydraulic cylinder is configured on the plow leg. A moldboard plow is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston column of the lifting two-way hydraulic cylinder. The moldboard plow is set facing forward. Moldboard cutter surfaces are respectively set on the left and right sides of the plow ridge. An outward wing plate is hinged to the rear edge of the plate surface of each moldboard cutter surface. The outward wing plate is hinged to its corresponding moldboard cutter surface by a hinge bolt.

[0039] The trencher is positioned on the vehicle frame below the rear section of the chain scraper conveyor and in front of the single- or double-sided fertilizer feeding mechanism.

[0040] The trenching direction of the trencher corresponds to the fertilizer-fed position of the single-sided or double-sided fertilizer-fed mechanism.

[0041] The lateral fertilization machine for farmland uses a tracked locomotive equipped with a power mechanism. The tracked locomotive, chain scraper conveyor, and single-sided or double-sided fertilization mechanism are all driven by the power mechanism.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0043] This utility model's farmland lateral fertilization machine is equipped with a fertilization mechanism, which can achieve unilateral or bilateral fertilization, and can be extended with a ditch opener to perform fertilization operations in the field while opening ditches.

[0044] The feeding rate adjustment channel effectively controls the flow rate and volume of fertilizer in the upstream stage through the gap between the feeding gate and the chain scraper conveyor mechanism.

[0045] By utilizing a unidirectional chain scraper conveyor or a bidirectional chain scraper conveyor with an inclined upward conveying motion, fertilizer is laterally lifted and scattered. The fertilizer has an upward lift, and then, after being blocked and rebounded by the inner wall of the fertilizer-following regulating plate, its scattering path is intervened, causing the fertilizer to fall downwards. If horizontal lateral scattering is used, on the one hand, the scattering path of the fertilizer thrown horizontally is difficult to control the landing point, and on the other hand, the movement trajectory of the fertilizer after horizontal scattering is not easily adjusted by the fertilizer-following regulating plate to control the landing point. This method of upward scattering followed by downward scattering through the intervention of the fertilizer-following regulating plate can achieve a wider scattering range. Furthermore, within this wide range, the intervention of the fertilizer-following regulating plate in the tangential direction by the fertilizer-following regulating plate during the downward phase of the upward scattering can effectively coordinate with the position of the furrowing plow to control the scattering position, ensuring unified deployment of furrowing and fertilizer-following, and effectively controlling the direction and path of fertilizer in the downstream stage.

[0046] By controlling the running speed of the chain scraper conveyor, the opening size of the feeding adjustment channel, the coordination between the running speed of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor or the left and right bidirectional chain scraper conveyor, and the angle adjustment of the fertilizer adjustment plate, the amount of fertilizer spread and the range of fertilizer application points are controlled, effectively cooperating with the requirements of planting technology to carry out pre-treatment of farmland such as ditching and fertilization.

[0047] The hinged adjustment of the outward-extending fins and the cutter face of the furrow opener allows for adjustment of the angle and extension length of the outward-extending fins, thus facilitating the adjustment of the furrowing slope of the soil and preventing slope collapse and backfilling, effectively ensuring the width and depth of the furrow.

[0048] The farmland lateral fertilization machine of this utility model is reasonably designed, simple in structure, safe and reliable, easy to use and maintain, and has great value for promotion and use. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Appendix Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the double-sided fertigation working mode of this utility model;

[0050] Appendix Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the working mode of the double-sided fertigation of this utility model;

[0051] Appendix Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the double-sided fertigation working mode of this utility model;

[0052] Appendix Figure 4 This is a rear view structural diagram of the single-sided fertilization + trenching working mode of this utility model;

[0053] Appendix Figure 5 This is a front view structural diagram of the single-sided fertilization + trenching working mode of this utility model;

[0054] Appendix Figure 6 This is a front view structural diagram of the single-sided fertilization + trenching working mode of this utility model.

[0055] Appendix Figure 7 This is a rear view structural diagram of the fuel tank of this utility model;

[0056] Appendix Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fuel tank of this utility model;

[0057] Appendix Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel tank structure of this utility model from the left side;

[0058] Appendix Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fuel tank of this utility model;

[0059] Appendix Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the diversion grille of this utility model;

[0060] Appendix Figure 12 This is a side view of the diversion grille structure of this utility model;

[0061] Appendix Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic oil working and cooling circulation system of this utility model.

[0062] Appendix Figures 1-6 The symbols in the text represent:

[0063] 1. Vehicle body, 2. Frame, 3. Fertilizer hopper

[0064] 4. Discharge port; 5. Chain scraper conveyor mechanism; 6. Rear conveyor tray; 7. Discharge gate; 8. Feed rate adjustment channel.

[0065] 9. Rear panel; 10. Material unloading channel.

[0066] 11. Unilateral compressive mechanism; 12. Unilateral compressive mechanism.

[0067] 13. One-way chain scraper conveyor; 14. Collection hopper; 15. Fertilizer adjusting plate; 16. Inner wall receiving surface; 17. Fertilizer upward throwing and rebound channel into the field.

[0068] 18. Upward angle adjustment mechanism; 19. Downward adjustment plate rebound angle adjustment mechanism.

[0069] 20. One-way chain roller; 21. One-way chain scraper; 22. Conveyor pallet; 23. One-way chain roller tensioner.

[0070] 24. Material distribution plate; 25. Centerline ridge; 26. Folding plate; 27. Left material distribution ramp; 28. Right material distribution ramp.

[0071] 29. Left-hand fertilizer feeder; 30. Right-hand fertilizer feeder.

[0072] 31. Left-direction chain scraper conveyor; 32. Left-direction fertilizer adjusting plate.

[0073] 33. Right-hand chain scraper conveyor; 34. Right-hand fertilizer adjusting plate.

[0074] 35. Left-direction chain roller; 36. Left-direction chain scraper; 37. Left-direction conveyor plate; 38. Left-direction chain roller tensioner.

[0075] 39. Right-hand chain roller; 40. Right-hand chain scraper; 41. Right-hand conveyor pallet; 42. Right-hand chain roller tensioner.

[0076] 43. Furrow opener

[0077] 44. Slide rail; 45. Sliding column; 46. Plow leg; 47. Lifting double-acting hydraulic cylinder; 48. Piston column; 49. Plowshare; 50. Plowshare cutter face; 51. Outward wing plate; 52. Hinge bolt.

[0078] 53. Tracked walking machine.

[0079] Appendix Figures 7-13 The symbols in the text represent:

[0080] a1. Fuel tank,

[0081] a2, main oil storage tank; a3, auxiliary oil storage tank.

[0082] a4. Heat exchanger

[0083] a5, diversion grille; a6, fan.

[0084] a7, layer channel; a8, upper wall of the channel; a9, lower wall of the channel.

[0085] a10, Spatial spacer layer; a11, Curved heat dissipation fins; a12, Heat dissipation airflow channel.

[0086] a13. Hydraulic oil output interface; a14. Hydraulic oil input interface; a15. High-pressure hydraulic oil pipeline; a16. Hydraulic pump; a17. Hydraulic motor; a18. Hydraulic oil working and cooling circulation system.

[0087] a19. Partition; a20. Parallel passageway

[0088] a21. Heat transfer conductor,

[0089] a22, oil inlet; a23, hydraulic oil level gauge.

[0090] a24. Fixed base. Detailed Implementation

[0091] The following is a detailed description of the farmland lateral fertilization machine of this utility model, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0092] As shown in the attached figure, the farmland lateral fertilization machine of this utility model has a structure including a vehicle body 1 and a fertilizer hopper 3, with the fertilizer hopper 3 fixedly mounted on the vehicle body frame 2.

[0093] The fertilizer hopper 3 has an open discharge port 4 at its bottom. A chain scraper conveyor mechanism 5 is horizontally arranged below the discharge port 4. A rear conveyor plate 6 is arranged inside the chain scraper conveyor mechanism 5. The chain scraper conveyor mechanism above the rear conveyor plate 6 is configured as an upper conveying working surface. The rear section of the upper conveying working surface of the chain scraper conveyor mechanism extends rearward beyond the discharge port 4 of the fertilizer hopper.

[0094] A lifting and adjusting discharge gate 7 is provided on the side wall of the fertilizer hopper 3 behind the discharge port 4; the lower edge of the discharge gate 7 and the rear conveying surface of the chain scraper conveyor mechanism form a feeding amount adjustment channel 8.

[0095] A rear panel 9 is provided behind the rear end of the chain scraper conveyor mechanism 5; the inner side of the rear panel 9 and the rear end of the chain scraper conveyor mechanism 5 form a material discharge channel 10 in the falling direction.

[0096] A single-sided feeding mechanism 11 or a double-sided feeding mechanism 12 is installed on the frame of the vehicle body below the feeding channel 10.

[0097] The structure of the single-sided fattening mechanism 11 is as follows:

[0098] The single-sided feeding mechanism is located on the frame below the rear panel 9 and the feeding channel 10.

[0099] The single-sided feed mechanism is composed of a unidirectional chain scraper conveyor 13. A collection hopper 14 with upper and lower openings and side openings is provided between the upper conveying surface and the rear enclosure of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor 13. The area of ​​the lower opening of the collection hopper 14 is smaller than the area of ​​the upper conveying surface of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor.

[0100] The upper conveying surface of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor 13 adopts an inclined upward conveying method with a lower upstream end and a higher downstream end.

[0101] A feed adjustment plate 15 is provided in the extension direction of the downstream end of the conveyor, and the conveying direction of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor 13 is towards the inner wall receiving surface 16 of the feed adjustment plate.

[0102] The fertilizer regulating plate 15 and the downstream end of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor form a fertilizer upward throwing and rebounding channel 17 into the field.

[0103] The upward angle of the upper conveying surface of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor 13 is set to 2 to 10 degrees, and an upward angle adjustment mechanism 18 is configured between the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor and the frame.

[0104] The feed adjustment plate 15 is fixedly mounted on the frame, and a feed adjustment plate rebound angle adjustment mechanism 19 is configured between the feed adjustment plate and the frame.

[0105] The unidirectional chain scraper conveyor 13 is equipped with two parallel unidirectional chain rollers 20. The axes of the two unidirectional chain rollers are arranged along the direction of travel of the vehicle body. A unidirectional chain scraper 21 is hung between the two unidirectional chain rollers. A conveying tray 22 is provided inside the chain scraper.

[0106] One of the two unidirectional chain rollers is equipped with a unidirectional chain roller tensioner 23.

[0107] The structure of the double-sided fattening mechanism 12 is as follows:

[0108] A material distribution plate 24 is provided in the middle of the material unloading channel 10 below the rear panel 9. The material distribution plate 24 is a folding plate structure with a center ridge protrusion 25. The center ridge protrusion is arranged along the direction of vehicle travel. The folding plates 26 on the left and right sides of the center ridge protrusion 25 are respectively inclined downward from the center ridge protrusion 25 to form a left material distribution ramp 27 and a right material distribution ramp 28.

[0109] A left-direction fertilizer feeder 29 and a right-direction fertilizer feeder 30 are respectively installed on the frame below the left and right material distribution ramps;

[0110] The left-hand fertilizer feeder 29 consists of a left-hand chain scraper conveyor 31.

[0111] The left-facing chain scraper conveyor 31 adopts a left-facing inclined upward conveying method with the upstream end of the conveyor being lower and the downstream end being higher.

[0112] A left-direction feeding adjustment plate 32 is provided in the extension direction of the downstream end of the left-direction conveying, and the left-direction conveying direction of the left-direction chain scraper conveyor 31 is towards the inner wall of the left-direction feeding adjustment plate 32.

[0113] The right-hand fertilizer feeder 30 is composed of a right-hand chain scraper conveyor 33.

[0114] The right-hand chain scraper conveyor 33 adopts a right-hand inclined upward conveying method with a lower upstream end and a higher downstream end.

[0115] A right-direction feeding adjustment plate 34 is provided in the extension direction of the downstream end of the right-direction conveying, and the right-direction conveying direction of the right-direction chain scraper conveyor 33 is towards the inner wall of the material receiving surface of the right-direction feeding adjustment plate 34.

[0116] The left-facing fertilizer feeder 29 and the right-facing fertilizer feeder 30 are symmetrically arranged.

[0117] The upward angle of the left-facing conveying surface of the left-facing chain scraper conveyor 31 and the right-facing conveying surface of the right-facing chain scraper conveyor 33 are both set to 2-10 degrees.

[0118] An upward angle adjustment mechanism is respectively provided between the left-direction chain scraper conveyor 31 and the frame, and between the right-direction chain scraper conveyor 33 and the frame;

[0119] The left-side forward-fed adjustment plate 32 and the right-side forward-fed adjustment plate 34 are fixed on the frame, and the rebound angle adjustment mechanism of the forward-fed adjustment plate is configured between the two and the frame.

[0120] The left-direction chain scraper conveyor 31 is equipped with two parallel left-direction chain rollers 35. The axes of the two left-direction chain rollers are arranged along the direction of travel of the vehicle body. A left-direction chain scraper 36 is hung between the two left-direction chain rollers. A left-direction conveying tray 37 is provided inside the left-direction chain scraper.

[0121] One of the two left-hand chain rollers of the left-hand chain scraper conveyor is equipped with a left-hand chain roller tensioner 38;

[0122] The right-hand chain scraper conveyor 33 is equipped with two parallel right-hand chain rollers 39. The axes of the two right-hand chain rollers are arranged along the direction of travel of the vehicle body. A right-hand chain scraper 40 is hung between the two right-hand chain rollers. A right-hand conveying tray 41 is provided inside the right-hand chain scraper.

[0123] One of the two right-hand chain rollers of the right-hand chain conveyor 33 is equipped with a right-hand chain roller tensioner 42.

[0124] The lateral fertilization machine for farmland is equipped with at least one ditch opener 43, which is located in front of the single-sided fertilization mechanism 11 or the double-sided fertilization mechanism 12.

[0125] The structure of trencher 43 is as follows:

[0126] A horizontally arranged slide rail 44 is fixedly installed on the vehicle frame. A sliding column 45 is slidably connected to the slide rail 44. The sliding column 45 is limited on the slide rail by a fixed pin. The fixed pin is engaged with equidistant pin holes on the slide rail. The working end of the sliding column 45 extends outward from the vehicle frame. A vertically arranged plow leg 46 is fixedly installed at the working end of the sliding column 45. A lifting double-acting hydraulic cylinder 47 is configured on the plow leg. A plowshare 49 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston column 48 of the lifting double-acting hydraulic cylinder 47. The plowshare faces forward. Plowshare cutter surfaces 50 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the plowshare ridge. An outwardly extending wing plate 51 is hinged to the rear edge of the plate surface of each plowshare. The outwardly extending wing plate 51 is hinged to its corresponding plowshare cutter surface by a hinge bolt 52. The hinge bolt fastens the outwardly extending wing plate 51 and the plowshare cutter surface 50.

[0127] The trencher is positioned on the vehicle frame below the rear section of the chain scraper conveyor and in front of the single- or double-sided fertilizer feeding mechanism.

[0128] The trenching direction of the trencher corresponds to the fertilizer-fed position of the single-sided or double-sided fertilizer-fed mechanism.

[0129] The outward wing plate 51 is provided with a long adjustment hole. The long adjustment hole is fastened with the hinge bolt, which can adjust the angle and outward extension length of the fastening of the outward wing plate. This makes it convenient to adjust the plowing slope of the soil by the plow cutter, avoid the collapse and backfilling of the plowed slope, and the outward wing plate 51 effectively ensures the width and depth of the trench.

[0130] The lateral fertilization machine for farmland uses a tracked walking machine, which is equipped with a power mechanism. The tracked walking machine, the chain scraper conveyor mechanism, and the single-sided or double-sided fertilization mechanism are all driven by the power mechanism.

[0131] The power mechanism includes mechanical transmission mechanisms and hydraulic transmission mechanisms.

[0132] The hydraulic transmission mechanism drives the chain scraper conveyor, single-sided fertilizer feeding mechanism, or double-sided fertilizer feeding mechanism through a hydraulic motor.

[0133] The hydraulic oil tank of the hydraulic transmission mechanism adopts a circulating cooling type, and its structure includes oil tank a1.

[0134] The oil tank a1 is equipped with a main oil storage tank a2 and a secondary oil storage tank a3. A heat exchanger a4 is installed between the main oil storage tank a2 and the secondary oil storage tank a3. The heat exchanger a4 consists of a flow divider a5 and a fan a6.

[0135] The diversion grid a5 is provided with layer channels a7 in units of horizontal layers, and each layer channel a7 connects the space between the main oil storage tank and the auxiliary oil storage tank on the same horizontal plane.

[0136] The channels a7 of each layer of the diversion grid are arranged at intervals in the vertical height direction;

[0137] Each layer channel a7 is provided with an upper channel wall a8 and a lower channel wall a9.

[0138] A horizontally oriented space interval layer a10 is reserved between the lower wall a9 and the upper wall a8 of two adjacent vertically aligned channel a7.

[0139] Each spatial partition layer a10 is provided with curved heat dissipation fins a11, and the curved heat dissipation fins a11 are fixedly connected to the lower wall a9 and the upper wall a8 of the channel of the spatial partition layer respectively.

[0140] The curved surface of the curved heat dissipation fin a11 body divides the spatial separation layer a10 into uniformly distributed heat dissipation airflow channels a12.

[0141] A fan a6 is provided on the side of the diversion grille a5, and the fan a6 is fixedly connected to the oil tank body;

[0142] The airflow path of fan a6 covers the entire area of ​​the diversion grille a5, and the airflow path runs through the heat dissipation airflow channel a12 of the space interval layer a10.

[0143] The bottoms of the main oil storage tank a2 and the auxiliary oil storage tank a3 are flush, and the top height of the auxiliary oil storage tank a3 is lower than the top height of the main oil storage tank a2.

[0144] A hydraulic oil output port a13 is provided on the side wall of the main oil storage tank a2;

[0145] A hydraulic oil input interface a14 is provided on the side wall of the auxiliary oil storage tank a3;

[0146] A high-pressure hydraulic oil pipeline a15 is connected between the hydraulic oil output interface and the hydraulic oil input interface. A hydraulic pump a16 and a hydraulic motor a17 are installed on the high-pressure hydraulic oil pipeline a15.

[0147] The oil tank, high-pressure hydraulic oil pipeline, hydraulic pump, and hydraulic motor constitute the hydraulic oil working and cooling circulation system a18.

[0148] The various layer channels a7 of the diversion grid a5 are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical height direction. Each layer channel a7 is provided with a partition a19 at equal intervals of a single layer channel, which divides the layer channel into parallel channels a20.

[0149] The curved heat dissipation fins in each spatial partition layer a10 are set as continuous wave shape. The apex of the wave of the continuous wave-shaped curved heat dissipation fins is fixedly connected to the lower wall of the channel of the upper layer above it, and the trough of the wave is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the channel of the lower layer below it.

[0150] The upper and lower walls of each channel layer, as well as the curved heat dissipation fins of each spatial partition layer, constitute a continuous heat transfer conductor a21.

[0151] An oil filling port a22 is provided at the top of the main oil storage tank.

[0152] A hydraulic oil level gauge a23 is installed on the side wall of the main oil storage tank.

[0153] The auxiliary oil storage tank and the heat exchanger are located on the same side of the main oil storage tank. The heat exchanger's diversion grid connects the main oil storage tank and the auxiliary oil storage tank, and the fan is located on the side of the diversion grid.

[0154] The fan is driven by an electric motor or by a hydraulic oil circulation system from an oil tank.

[0155] The main oil tank, the diversion grid, the auxiliary oil tank, and the fan unit are assembled and fixed together. The bottom of the oil tank is fixedly equipped with a base a24.

[0156] This circulating cooling hydraulic oil tank is mainly used in hydraulic systems with hydraulic oil circuits. During operation, the high-temperature hydraulic oil from the circuit flows through the auxiliary oil reservoir and the distribution grid. In the distribution grid, it undergoes efficient heat exchange with the forced flow of cool air blown by the fan, reducing the oil temperature to the operating temperature to ensure continuous and normal operation of the main unit and the smooth operation of the hydraulic system. This keeps the hydraulic oil within a certain temperature range, thus not affecting the machine's operation and resulting in faster and more efficient work.

[0157] The heat exchanger is preferably air-cooled. If the system generates a large amount of heat, it can also be water-cooled. However, water-cooled structures are more complex, costly, and require more maintenance, making them unsuitable for use on agricultural vehicles in harsh field environments.

Claims

1. A lateral fertilization machine for farmland, characterized in that... It includes the car body of the traveling locomotive and the fertilizer hopper, with the fertilizer hopper fixedly mounted on the car body frame; The fertilizer hopper has an open discharge port at its bottom. Below the discharge port, a chain scraper conveyor mechanism is horizontally positioned. A rear conveyor plate is installed around the inner circumference of the chain scraper conveyor mechanism. The chain scraper conveyor mechanism above the rear conveyor plate forms the upper conveying working surface. The rear section of the upper conveying working surface of the chain scraper conveyor mechanism extends rearward beyond the discharge port of the fertilizer hopper. A lifting and adjusting discharge gate is installed on the side wall of the fertilizer hopper behind the discharge port; the lower edge of the discharge gate and the rear conveying surface of the chain scraper conveyor form a feeding amount adjustment channel. A rear panel is provided behind the rear end of the chain scraper conveyor mechanism; the inner side of the rear panel and the rear end of the chain scraper conveyor mechanism form a material feeding channel in the falling direction. The car frame below the feeding channel is equipped with a single-sided or double-sided feeding mechanism.

2. The lateral fertilization machine for farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of a unilateral fattening mechanism is: The single-sided feeding mechanism is located on the frame below the rear panel unloading channel. The single-sided feed mechanism consists of a unidirectional chain scraper conveyor. A hopper with upper and lower openings and a side opening is provided between the upper conveying surface and the rear enclosure of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor. The area of ​​the lower opening of the hopper is smaller than the area of ​​the upper conveying surface of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor. The upper conveying surface of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor adopts an inclined upward conveying method with a lower upstream end and a higher downstream end. A feed adjustment plate is provided in the extension direction of the downstream end of the conveyor, and the conveying direction of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor is towards the inner wall of the feed adjustment plate. The fertilizer regulating plate and the downstream end of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor form a channel for fertilizer to be thrown and rebounded into the field.

3. The lateral fertilization machine for farmland according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upward angle of the upper conveying surface of the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor is set to 2 to 10 degrees, and an upward angle adjustment mechanism is configured between the unidirectional chain scraper conveyor and the frame. The fertilizer adjusting plate is fixedly mounted on the frame, and a fertilizer adjusting plate rebound angle adjustment mechanism is configured between the fertilizer adjusting plate and the frame.

4. The lateral fertilization machine for farmland according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The unidirectional chain scraper conveyor is equipped with two parallel unidirectional chain rollers, the axes of which are arranged along the direction of travel of the vehicle body, and a unidirectional chain scraper is hung between the two unidirectional chain rollers. A conveying tray is provided inside the chain scraper. One of the two unidirectional chain rollers is equipped with a unidirectional chain roller tensioner.

5. The lateral fertilization machine for farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the double-sided fertigation mechanism is as follows: A material distribution plate is set in the middle of the rear panel unloading channel. The material distribution plate is set as a hinged plate structure with a center ridge. The center ridge is arranged along the direction of vehicle travel. The hinged plates on the left and right sides of the center ridge are respectively set to slope downward from the center ridge to form the left material distribution ramp and the right material distribution ramp. A left-direction fertilizer feeder and a right-direction fertilizer feeder are respectively installed on the frame below the left and right material distribution ramps; The left-hand fertilizer machine consists of a left-hand chain scraper conveyor. The left-hand chain scraper conveyor adopts a left-hand inclined upward conveying method with the upstream end of the conveyor being lower and the downstream end being higher. A left-direction adjusting plate is provided in the extension direction of the downstream end of the left-direction conveyor, and the left-direction conveying direction of the left-direction chain scraper conveyor faces the inner wall of the left-direction adjusting plate. The right-hand fertilizer machine consists of a right-hand chain scraper conveyor. The right-hand upward conveying surface of the right-hand chain scraper conveyor adopts a right-hand inclined upward conveying method with a lower upstream end and a higher downstream end. A right-direction adjusting plate is provided in the extension direction of the downstream end of the right-direction conveyor, and the right-direction conveying direction of the right-direction chain scraper conveyor is towards the inner wall of the right-direction adjusting plate. The left-hand and right-hand fertilizer machines are symmetrically arranged.

6. The lateral fertilization machine for farmland according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upward angle of the left-side upward conveying surface of the left-direction chain scraper conveyor and the right-side upward conveying surface of the right-direction chain scraper conveyor are set to 2-10 degrees. An upward angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the left-direction chain scraper conveyor and the frame, and between the right-direction chain scraper conveyor and the frame; The left-hand and right-hand feed adjustment plates are fixed on the frame, and the feed adjustment plate rebound angle adjustment mechanism is provided between the two plates and the frame.

7. The lateral fertilization machine for farmland according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The left-hand chain scraper conveyor is equipped with two parallel left-hand chain rollers. The axes of the two left-hand chain rollers are arranged along the direction of travel of the vehicle body. A left-hand chain scraper is hung between the two left-hand chain rollers, and a left-hand conveying tray is provided inside the left-hand chain scraper. One of the two left-hand chain rollers of the left-hand chain scraper conveyor is equipped with a left-hand chain roller tensioner; The right-hand chain scraper conveyor is equipped with two parallel right-hand chain rollers. The axes of the two right-hand chain rollers are arranged along the direction of travel of the vehicle body. A right-hand chain scraper is hung between the two right-hand chain rollers, and a right-hand conveying tray is provided inside the right-hand chain scraper. One of the two right-hand chain rollers of the right-hand chain scraper conveyor is equipped with a right-hand chain roller tensioner.

8. The lateral fertilization machine for farmland according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 5 or 6, characterized in that: The lateral fertilization machine for farmland is equipped with at least one ditch opener on its frame, which is located in front of either the single-sided or double-sided fertilization mechanism.

9. The lateral fertilization machine for farmland according to claim 8, characterized in that: The structure of the trencher is: A horizontally arranged slide rail is fixedly installed on the vehicle frame. A sliding column is slidably connected to the slide rail. The sliding column is limited on the slide rail by a fixed pin. The working end of the sliding column extends outward from the vehicle frame. A vertically arranged plow leg is fixedly installed at the working end of the sliding column. A lifting two-way hydraulic cylinder is configured on the plow leg. A moldboard plow is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston column of the lifting two-way hydraulic cylinder. The moldboard plow is set facing forward. Moldboard cutter surfaces are respectively set on the left and right sides of the plow ridge. An outward wing plate is hinged to the rear edge of the plate surface of each moldboard cutter surface. The outward wing plate is hinged to its corresponding moldboard cutter surface by a hinge bolt. The trencher is positioned on the vehicle frame below the rear section of the chain scraper conveyor and in front of the single- or double-sided fertilizer feeding mechanism. The trenching direction of the trencher corresponds to the fertilizer-fed position of the single-sided or double-sided fertilizer-fed mechanism.

10. The lateral fertilization machine for farmland according to claim 9, characterized in that: The locomotive adopts a tracked locomotive and is equipped with a power mechanism. The tracked locomotive, the chain scraper conveyor mechanism, and the single-sided or double-sided fertilizer feeding mechanism are all driven by the power mechanism.

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