Tar and ammonia water separation system
By combining multi-stage clarification chambers and gravity separation with steam coil heating and corrugated coalescing plates, the problem of low separation efficiency caused by continuous feed impact during tar-ammonia water separation was solved, achieving efficient tar-ammonia water separation and improving the purity of ammonia water.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520520665.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-24
AI Technical Summary
In existing tar-ammonia-water separation processes, the continuous addition of the tar-ammonia-water mixture from the top causes turbulence on the ammonia-water surface, disrupts the layering interface, and leads to increased oil content in the ammonia-water, resulting in poor separation efficiency.
By employing a multi-stage clarification chamber design and gravity separation principle, combined with steam coil heating and wave coalescing plates, the separation effect is improved through natural stratification and multi-stage clarification, thereby reducing the oil content in ammonia water.
By reducing the impact on the already separated ammonia water surface, the tar and ammonia water are naturally separated, improving the separation effect and the purity of the ammonia water.
Smart Images
Figure CN223930756U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tar-ammonia-water separation technology, and specifically to a tar-ammonia-water separation system. Background Technology
[0002] In the coking process, when coal undergoes high-temperature dry distillation in the coke oven, the organic matter in the coal will undergo a pyrolysis reaction. This process not only produces coke, but also a large amount of raw coal gas. In addition to various gaseous compounds such as hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide, the raw coal gas also contains tar droplets and water vapor. These tar droplets and water vapor gradually condense during the subsequent ammonia water cooling process, forming a tar-ammonia-water mixture.
[0003] As raw coal gas is discharged from the coke oven, it first enters the primary cooler. In the primary cooler, through heat exchange with a low-temperature medium, the raw coal gas rapidly cools down, and most of the water vapor and tar droplets are condensed, forming a preliminary tar-ammonia-water mixture. The mixture then enters the gas-liquid separator, where further separation of gas and liquid is achieved. The separated tar-ammonia-water mixture is then transported through pipelines to the tar-ammonia-water separation unit.
[0004] In the existing tar-ammonia water separation process, when the tar-ammonia water mixture is continuously injected from the top, the kinetic energy it carries directly impacts the surface of the initially stratified ammonia water layer. Due to the density difference between ammonia water and tar, they could naturally separate under static conditions. However, the continuous feeding impact breaks this relatively stable stratification interface. The newly added mixture forms a turbulent water flow on the surface of the ammonia water layer, causing the tar particles that had already settled to the lower layer to be stirred up again. A large number of tar particles are entrained into the ammonia water, resulting in an increase in the oil content of the ammonia water and poor separation effect. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tar-ammonia water separation system to solve the problem that in the existing tar-ammonia water separation process, the tar-ammonia water mixture is continuously added from the top, and the surface of the already separated ammonia water cannot remain calm, resulting in an increase in the oil content of the ammonia water and ultimately poor separation efficiency.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a tar-ammonia water separation system, comprising a main separation chamber, several clarification chambers, and a tar main pipe. The bottom of the main separation chamber is provided with partition 1 and partition 5. The top of the main separation chamber is connected to a mixed liquid pipe, which is equipped with a regulating valve. The outlet end of the mixed liquid pipe extends to the bottom of the main separation chamber. An ammonia water outlet pipe is provided on one side of the main separation chamber and the clarification chambers. Each ammonia water outlet pipe is equipped with a water pump. The bottom of the main separation chamber and the several clarification chambers are respectively provided with tar branch pipe 1 and tar branch pipe 2. Each tar branch pipe 1 and tar branch pipe 2 is connected to the tar main pipe. Each tar branch pipe 1 and tar branch pipe 2 is equipped with a gate valve. The top of each clarification chamber is provided with an ammonia water inlet pipe. The top and bottom of each clarification chamber are respectively provided with partition 2 and partition 3. The ammonia water outlet pipe of the clarification chamber is connected to the ammonia water inlet pipe of another clarification chamber.
[0007] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: A tar-ammonia-water separation system, when it is necessary to separate tar, ammonia, and water, firstly, the tar-ammonia-water mixture passes through a tar residue separation tank to separate most of the tar residue. The separated tar-ammonia-water mixture enters the bottom of the main separation chamber through a mixing pipe. Under the action of gravity, the tar and ammonia water begin to naturally separate, with the tar settling downwards and the ammonia water rising upwards. As the ammonia water level continues to rise, when the ammonia water level is higher than the height of partition one, the ammonia water overflows into the space between partition one and partition five for further natural separation. When the ammonia water level is higher than the height of partition five, the ammonia water overflows into the space between partition five and the side wall of the main separation chamber for further natural separation. When the ammonia water level is higher than the height of the ammonia water outlet pipe, the water pump is started, and the ammonia water is pumped through the ammonia water outlet pipe and the ammonia water inlet pipe. Water is transported to the first clarification chamber. Under gravity, the tar and ammonia water naturally separate again. The aggregated tar settles downwards, while the ammonia water floats upwards. As the ammonia water level continues to rise, when it exceeds the height of partition three, the ammonia water overflows into the space between partition three and the side wall of the clarification chamber, where it undergoes another natural separation. When the ammonia water level exceeds the height of the ammonia water outlet pipe, the water pump is started, and the ammonia water is transported to the next clarification chamber through the ammonia water outlet and inlet pipes for further clarification. After multiple stages of clarification, the ammonia water discharged from the ammonia water outlet pipe of the last clarification chamber is pure ammonia water. The tar that settles to the bottom of the main separation chamber and each clarification chamber is periodically vented by opening the gate valves on tar branch pipe one and tar branch pipe two, allowing the tar to enter the main tar pipe for the next process.
[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by introducing the mixed liquid from the bottom of the main separation chamber, the impact on the surface of the stratified ammonia water is reduced, which is conducive to the natural stratification of tar and ammonia water and improves the separation effect. At the same time, multiple clarification chambers are set up to clarify the ammonia water in multiple stages, which further reduces the oil content in the ammonia water and improves the purity of the ammonia water.
[0009] Option 2, which is a preferred option of the basic option, is provided with a steam coil at the bottom of the main separation chamber; the steam coil can heat the tar-ammonia-water mixture in the main separation chamber, reduce the viscosity of the tar, make it easier to settle and separate, and improve the separation efficiency.
[0010] Option 3, a preferred option of the basic option, involves a number of corrugated coalescing plates located between the partition 2 and the side wall of the clarification chamber, with the corrugated coalescing plates positioned directly below the ammonia inlet pipe. When ammonia enters the clarification chamber from the ammonia inlet pipe, the corrugated coalescing plates cause the tar particles in the ammonia to collide and coalesce, accelerating the sedimentation of the tar particles and improving the separation effect.
[0011] Option 4, which is a preferred option of Option 3, is that the wave coalescing plate is inclined; the inclined wave coalescing plate is conducive to the coalesced tar particles sliding downward along the plate surface and settling to the bottom of the clarification chamber more quickly.
[0012] Option 5, which is a preferred option of the basic option, is provided with a second baffle plate at the top of the main separation chamber near the ammonia outlet pipe; the second baffle plate can further ensure that the ammonia liquid surface near the ammonia outlet pipe is in a calm state, and prevent the ammonia overflowing from the first baffle plate from breaking the already layered ammonia surface.
[0013] Option 6, which is a preferred option of the basic option, is equipped with a heating tape on each of the tar branch pipe 1, tar branch pipe 2 and tar main pipe; the heating tape can heat and keep the tar in the pipe, prevent the tar from solidifying in the pipe, and ensure that the tar can be transported smoothly. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a tar-ammonia-water separation system according to this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main separation chamber in a tar-ammonia-water separation system according to this utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA;
[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clarification chamber in a tar-ammonia-water separation system according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments:
[0019] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Main separation chamber; 2. Clarification chamber; 3. Baffle plate one; 4. Mixed liquid pipe; 5. Ammonia water outlet pipe; 6. Tar branch pipe one; 7. Tar main pipe; 8. Ammonia water inlet pipe; 9. Tar branch pipe two; 10. Regulating valve; 11. Gate valve; 12. Water pump; 13. Baffle plate two; 14. Baffle plate three; 15. Steam coil; 16. Corrugated coalescing plate; 17. Baffle plate four; 18. Heating tape; 19. Baffle plate five.
[0020] like Figures 1 to 4 The diagram shows a tar-ammonia separation system, comprising a main separation chamber 1, several clarification chambers 2, and a tar main pipe 7. The bottom of the main separation chamber 1 is equipped with a first baffle 3 and a fifth baffle 19, with the height of the first baffle 3 exceeding that of the fifth baffle 19. The top of the main separation chamber 1 is connected to a mixed liquid pipe 4, which is equipped with a regulating valve 10. The opening of the regulating valve 10 is adjusted by the temperature of the ammonia water exiting the last clarification chamber 2, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the mixed liquid and, consequently, the flow velocity of the ammonia water, ensuring complete separation of ammonia and water. The mixed liquid pipe 4... The outlet extends to the bottom of the main separation chamber 1. The height of the outlet of the mixed liquid pipe 4 from the bottom of the main separation chamber 1 is one-tenth of the overall height of the main separation chamber 1. The bottom of the main separation chamber 1 and several clarification chambers 2 are sloped. A steam coil 15 is provided at the bottom of the main separation chamber 1. An ammonia water outlet pipe 5 is provided on one side of the main separation chamber 1 and the clarification chamber 2. A water pump 12 is provided on each ammonia water outlet pipe 5. A thermocouple is provided on the ammonia water outlet pipe 5 of the last clarification chamber 2. The thermocouple is electrically connected to a PLC controller. The PLC controller is connected to the regulating valve 1. The main separation chamber 1 is electrically connected to the ammonia outlet pipe 5. A baffle plate 17 is installed at the top of the main separation chamber 1 near the ammonia outlet pipe 5. A float level gauge is installed on the side of the baffle plate 14 and the side of the baffle plate 17 near the ammonia outlet pipe 5. The float level gauge is electrically connected to the water pump 12. Tar branch pipes 1-6 and 9-9 are respectively installed at the bottom of the main separation chamber 1 and several clarification chambers 2. Each tar branch pipe 1-6 and tar branch pipe 2-9 is connected to the tar main pipe 7. A heating tape 18 is installed on each tar branch pipe 1-6, tar branch pipe 2-9, and the tar main pipe 7. Each of the two pipes 9 is equipped with a gate valve 11. Each clarification chamber 2 is equipped with an ammonia inlet pipe 8 at the top. Each clarification chamber 2 is equipped with a second baffle 13 and a third baffle 14 at the top and bottom, respectively. The ammonia outlet pipe 5 of the clarification chamber 2 is connected to the ammonia inlet pipe 8 of another clarification chamber 2, and so on in a loop. Several corrugated coalescing plates 16 are provided between the second baffle 13 and the side wall of the clarification chamber 2. The corrugated coalescing plates 16 are located directly below the ammonia inlet pipe 8 and are inclined. The main separation chamber 1 and several clarification chambers 2 are equipped with waste gas recovery pipes at the top.
[0021] The implementation method of this embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to separate tar and ammonia water, the tar and ammonia water mixture first passes through a tar residue separation box to separate most of the tar residue (the tar residue separation box is existing technology). The separated tar and ammonia water mixture enters the bottom of the main separation chamber 1 through the mixture pipe 4. Under the action of gravity, the tar and ammonia water begin to separate naturally. The tar sinks downward and the ammonia water floats upward. As the ammonia water level continues to rise, when the ammonia water level is higher than the height of the first baffle 3, the ammonia water will overflow into the space between the first baffle 3 and the fifth baffle 19 again. Natural stratification occurs when the ammonia water level is higher than the height of baffle 519. The ammonia water overflows into the space between baffle 519 and the side wall of the main separation chamber 1, where it undergoes natural stratification again. When the ammonia water level is higher than the height of the float level gauge, the float level gauge activates the water pump 12, which transports the ammonia water to the first clarification chamber 2 via the ammonia water outlet pipe 5 and the ammonia water inlet pipe 8. When the ammonia water enters from the ammonia water inlet pipe 8 at the top of the clarification chamber 2, it impacts the wave coalescing plate 16 below. The wave coalescing plate 16 causes the tar particles in the ammonia water to collide and coalesce. The tar particles and ammonia water then coalesce along the waves. The slagging plate 16 slides downwards and falls to the bottom of the clarification chamber 2. Under the influence of gravity, the tar and ammonia water naturally separate again. The aggregated tar settles downwards, while the ammonia water floats upwards. As the ammonia water level continues to rise, when the ammonia water level is higher than the height of the partition plate 14, the ammonia water overflows into the space between the partition plate 14 and the side wall of the clarification chamber 2 for natural stratification again. When the ammonia water level is higher than the height of the float level gauge, the float level gauge starts the water pump 12, which transports the ammonia water through the ammonia water outlet pipe 5 and the ammonia water inlet pipe 8 to the next clarification chamber 2 to continue natural stratification. After multi-stage separation, the ammonia water discharged from the ammonia water outlet pipe 5 of the last clarification chamber 2 is pure ammonia water. The tar that settles to the bottom of the main separation chamber 1 and each clarification chamber 2 is periodically cooled by opening the gate valves 11 on tar branch pipes 1-6 and tar branch pipes 2-9, allowing the tar to enter the main tar pipe 7 for the next process. The heating cables 18 on tar branch pipes 1-6, tar branch pipes 2-9, and the main tar pipe 7 heat and insulate the tar in the pipes, preventing tar solidification and ensuring smooth transport of the tar to subsequent processing equipment. The steam coil 15 at the bottom of the main separation chamber 1 can be opened as needed to heat the mixture in the main separation chamber 1, reducing tar viscosity and accelerating tar settling.
[0022] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. These modifications will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A tar-ammonia-water separation system, characterized in that, The system includes a main separation chamber (1), several clarification chambers (2), and a tar main pipe (7). The bottom of the main separation chamber (1) is provided with a partition plate 1 (3) and a partition plate 5 (19). The top of the main separation chamber (1) is connected to a mixing pipe (4). The mixing pipe (4) is provided with a regulating valve (10). The outlet end of the mixing pipe (4) extends to the bottom of the main separation chamber (1). An ammonia water outlet pipe (5) is provided on one side of the main separation chamber (1) and the clarification chambers (2). Each ammonia water outlet pipe (5) is provided with a water pump (12). The main separation chamber (1) and the several clarification chambers (2) are connected to a tar main pipe (7). The bottom of each clarification chamber (2) is provided with a tar branch pipe 1 (6) and a tar branch pipe 2 (9). Each of the tar branch pipe 1 (6) and the tar branch pipe 2 (9) is connected to the tar main pipe (7). Each of the tar branch pipe 1 (6) and the tar branch pipe 2 (9) is provided with a gate valve (11). Each of the clarification chambers (2) is provided with an ammonia inlet pipe (8) at the top. Each of the clarification chambers (2) is provided with a partition plate 2 (13) at the top and a partition plate 3 (14) at the bottom. The ammonia outlet pipe (5) of the clarification chamber (2) is connected to the ammonia inlet pipe (8) of another clarification chamber (2).
2. The tar-ammonia-water separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the main separation chamber (1) is provided with a steam coil (15).
3. The tar-ammonia-water separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several wave coalescing plates (16) are provided between the partition plate 2 (13) and the side wall of the clarification chamber (2), and the wave coalescing plates (16) are located directly below the ammonia water inlet pipe (8).
4. The tar-ammonia-water separation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wave coalescing plate (16) is inclined.
5. The tar-ammonia-water separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main separation chamber (1) is equipped with a partition four (17) at the top near the ammonia outlet pipe (5).
6. The tar-ammonia-water separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned tar branch pipe one (6), tar branch pipe two (9) and tar main pipe (7) is provided with a heat tracing cable (18).