Ultra-precision air static pressure circulating cooling servo main shaft

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ultra-precise air static pressure circulating cooling servo main shaft which comprises a driving assembly, an air floating assembly, a cooling assembly and a control assembly. The driving assembly is connected with the main shaft to drive the main shaft to rotate; the air floating assembly is used for wrapping the main shaft and is communicated with external compressed air so as to support the main shaft to suspend in the axial direction and the radial direction through the compressed air; the cooling assembly is used for communicating with external cooling water so as to circularly cool the main shaft; the control assembly is used for being arranged on the main shaft and controlling the rotating precision of the main shaft. Radial air floating supporting and axial air floating supporting are formed in the spindle, zero friction is achieved, abrasion is avoided, high rotating precision of the spindle is guaranteed, the bearing capacity is high, operation is stable, and the spindle can be widely applied to various precise and ultra-precise numerical control machine tools with rotating shafts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool technology, specifically to an ultra-precision air static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle. Background Technology

[0002] Servo spindles are widely used in the precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tool industry. They are an essential basic functional component for many precision CNC machine tools, such as lathes, grinding machines, four-axis machine tools, and five-axis machine tools with rotary axes. The precision of the servo spindle determines the accuracy level of the machine tool.

[0003] However, existing servo spindles generally use rolling bearings for support, which limits their rotational accuracy. During operation, friction between the rolling elements and the bearing raceways can easily generate vibration and cause wear, resulting in reduced accuracy after a period of use. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultra-precision air static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an ultra-precision air static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle, comprising: a drive assembly, an air flotation assembly, a cooling assembly, and a control assembly;

[0006] The drive assembly is used to connect to the spindle to drive the spindle to rotate;

[0007] The air flotation assembly is used to enclose the main shaft and is in communication with external compressed air to support the main shaft levitation from the axial and radial directions by compressed air;

[0008] The cooling component is used to communicate with external cooling water to circulate and cool the spindle.

[0009] The control component is mounted on the spindle to control the rotational accuracy of the spindle.

[0010] In some embodiments, the spindle includes a spindle support, a spindle seat, and a spindle core;

[0011] The spindle support is provided inside the spindle holder, and the spindle core is provided inside the spindle holder.

[0012] In some embodiments, one end of the spindle core is connected to a vacuum suction cup via a vacuum suction cup mounting base, and the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the vacuum suction cup. The spindle core is provided with a through vacuum channel, and the vacuum channel is connected to a vacuum cover at the other end of the spindle core. A vacuum adapter is provided on the vacuum cover.

[0013] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a power motor, a motor sleeve, and a stator mounting sleeve;

[0014] The power motor is connected to the main shaft seat through the motor sleeve, and the stator mounting sleeve is disposed inside the motor sleeve, with the motor sleeve and the stator mounting sleeve having a clearance fit.

[0015] In some embodiments, a sealing ring is provided between the stator mounting sleeve and the motor sleeve.

[0016] In some embodiments, the air flotation assembly includes an axial float, a radial float, a gap adjustment ring, and an end cap;

[0017] The axial float is mounted on the upper and lower sides of the spindle core through an axial float fixing plate, and the axial float and the adjacent surface of the spindle core are fixedly connected with a predetermined gap, forming an overall I-shaped structure. The spindle core is located inside the radial float. Precision filtered compressed air enters the ventilation channel opened in the motor sleeve and the ventilation pipe arranged on the spindle seat through the air inlet pipe joint set on the motor sleeve, and enters the axial float to provide axial support for the spindle core, and the radial float provides radial support for the spindle core.

[0018] In some embodiments, gap adjustment rings are provided on the upper and lower sides of the spindle core shoulder, the gap adjustment rings are connected to the spindle seat, and an end cap is provided at the end of the spindle seat.

[0019] In some embodiments, the cooling assembly includes a water-cooled copper sleeve disposed between the spindle seat and the radial float, and the water-cooled copper sleeve is interference-fitted with the spindle seat.

[0020] External ultra-precision cooling water enters the water inlet channel inside the motor sleeve through the water inlet pipe joint set on the motor sleeve, and then enters the water inlet channel between the spindle seat and the water-cooled copper sleeve and the end cover adjacent surfaces. It then enters the return water channel between the spindle seat and the water-cooled copper sleeve, the end cover, the stator mounting sleeve and the motor sleeve, and exits through the return water pipe joint set on the motor sleeve, so that the space between the water-cooled copper sleeve, the stator mounting sleeve and the end cover is filled with ultra-precision water.

[0021] In some embodiments, the control components include a circular grating and an encoder.

[0022] In some embodiments, the encoder is mounted on an encoder mounting plate via a reading head bracket, and the encoder mounting plate is fixedly connected to the stator mounting sleeve;

[0023] The circular grating is mounted on the rotor shaft of the power motor.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the ultra-precision air static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle provided by this utility model has at least the following advantages:

[0025] 1. The embodiments of this utility model form radial air bearing and axial air bearing inside the spindle, achieving zero friction, avoiding wear, ensuring high precision of spindle rotation, and having high load-bearing capacity and smooth operation. It can be widely used in various precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tools with rotating axes, such as lathes, grinding machines, four-axis machine tools, five-axis machine tools, etc., and is especially suitable for ultra-precision air static pressure high-speed electric spindles with a wide speed range.

[0026] 2. In the embodiments of this utility model, the cooling component is connected to external cooling water to circulate and cool the spindle, which can effectively improve the spindle's lifespan and stability.

[0027] 3. The embodiments of this utility model control the rotational accuracy of the spindle through the control component, which can ensure stable positioning accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-precision air static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0029] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1-Radial float; 2-Axial float; 3-Axial float; 4-Vacuum chuck; 5-Vacuum chuck mounting base; 6-End cover; 7-Axial float fixing plate; 8-Gap adjusting ring; 9-Spindle seat; 10-Spindle core; 11-Water-cooled copper sleeve; 12-Spindle bracket; 13-Stator mounting sleeve; 14-Motor sleeve; 15-Power motor; 16-Encoder mounting plate; 17-Encoder; 18-Encoder pressure plate; 19-Vacuum adapter; 20-Vacuum pressure cover. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific implementation schemes. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the implementation schemes described below are only for illustrating this utility model and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of this utility model. Based on the implementation schemes in this utility model, all other implementation schemes obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0031] The ultra-precision air static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle provided in this embodiment of the utility model includes: a drive assembly, an air flotation assembly, a cooling assembly, and a control assembly;

[0032] A drive assembly for connecting to the spindle to drive its rotation;

[0033] An air flotation assembly is used to enclose the spindle and communicate with external compressed air to suspend the spindle axially and radially by compressed air.

[0034] Cooling components are used to connect with external cooling water to circulate and cool the spindle.

[0035] The control component is mounted on the spindle to control the spindle's rotational accuracy.

[0036] Obviously, the present invention forms radial air bearing and axial air bearing inside the spindle, achieving zero friction, avoiding wear, ensuring high precision of spindle rotation, and having high load-bearing capacity and smooth operation. It can be widely used in various precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tools with rotary axes, such as lathes, grinding machines, four-axis machine tools, and five-axis machine tools, and is especially suitable for ultra-precision air static pressure high-speed electric spindles with a wide speed range.

[0037] Meanwhile, this embodiment of the invention connects the cooling component to external cooling water to circulate and cool the spindle, which can effectively improve the spindle's lifespan and stability.

[0038] Furthermore, the present invention can ensure stable positioning accuracy by controlling the rotational accuracy of the spindle through the control component.

[0039] In this embodiment of the utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the spindle includes a spindle support 12, a spindle seat 9, and a spindle core 10;

[0040] A spindle seat 9 is installed inside the spindle support 12, and a spindle core 10 is installed inside the spindle seat 9.

[0041] Specifically, one end of the spindle core 10 is connected to the vacuum chuck 4 via the vacuum chuck mounting base 5, and the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the vacuum chuck 4. The spindle core 10 is provided with a through vacuum channel, which is connected to the vacuum cover 20 at the other end of the spindle core 10. A vacuum adapter 19 is provided on the vacuum cover 20.

[0042] Clearly, the above settings not only facilitate the clamping and installation of the workpiece, but also do not affect the spindle rotation accuracy.

[0043] In embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drive assembly includes a power motor 15, a motor sleeve 14, and a stator mounting sleeve 13;

[0044] The power motor 15 is connected to the main shaft seat 9 through the motor sleeve 14. The stator mounting sleeve 13 is provided inside the motor sleeve 14, and the motor sleeve 14 and the stator mounting sleeve 13 are clearance-fitted.

[0045] Specifically, a sealing ring is provided between the stator mounting sleeve 13 and the motor sleeve 14 to prevent hydraulic medium from flowing out and ensure the sealing of the spindle.

[0046] In embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the air flotation assembly includes an axial float 2, a radial float 1, a gap adjustment ring 8, and an end cap 6;

[0047] The upper and lower sides of the spindle core 10 are provided with axial floats 2 through axial float fixing plates 7. The axial floats 2 and the adjacent surfaces of the spindle core 10 are fixedly connected with a predetermined gap. The overall structure is I-shaped. The spindle core 10 is located inside the radial floats 1. Compressed air that has been precisely filtered enters the ventilation channel opened in the motor sleeve 14 and the ventilation pipe arranged on the spindle seat 9 through the air inlet pipe joint set on the motor sleeve 14. It enters the axial floats 2 to provide axial support for the spindle core 10 and provides radial support for the spindle core 10 through the radial floats 1.

[0048] The upper and lower sides of the spindle core 10 are also provided with clearance adjustment rings 8, which are connected to the spindle seat 9. The end cap 6 is provided at the end of the spindle seat 9, thus forming the axial and radial support of the spindle core 10.

[0049] In embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cooling assembly includes a water-cooled copper sleeve 11, which is disposed between the spindle seat 9 and the radial float 1, and the water-cooled copper sleeve 11 is interference-fitted with the spindle seat 9.

[0050] External ultra-precision cooling water enters the water inlet channel inside the motor sleeve 14 through the water inlet pipe joint set on the motor sleeve 14, and then enters the water inlet channel between the spindle seat 9 and the water-cooled copper sleeve 11 and end cover 6. It then enters the return water channel between the spindle seat 9 and the water-cooled copper sleeve 11, end cover 6, stator mounting sleeve 13 and motor sleeve 14, and exits through the return water pipe joint set on the motor sleeve 14. This fills the space between the cold copper sleeve and the stator mounting sleeve 13 and end cover 6 with ultra-precision water, thus cooling the rotation of the spindle components.

[0051] In embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control components include a circular grating and an encoder;

[0052] The encoder mounting plate 16 presses and fixes the stator mounting sleeve 13 from the outside through the encoder pressure plate 18. The encoder mounting plate 16 is equipped with a reading head bracket, and the reading head bracket is equipped with an encoder 17. A circular grating is set on the rotor mounting shaft of the power motor 15. The encoder 17 works together to achieve precise closed-loop control of the main shaft rotation angle, which is convenient to use.

[0053] As can be seen, by setting a circular grating and using an encoder, precise closed-loop control of the spindle rotation angle can be achieved. It is easy to use and can be widely applied to various precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tools with rotary axes, such as lathes, grinding machines, four-axis machine tools, and five-axis machine tools.

[0054] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle, characterized in that, include: Drive components, air flotation components, cooling components, and control components; The drive assembly is used to connect to the spindle to drive the spindle to rotate; The air flotation assembly is used to enclose the main shaft and is in communication with external compressed air to support the main shaft levitation from the axial and radial directions by compressed air; The cooling component is used to communicate with external cooling water to circulate and cool the spindle. The control component is mounted on the spindle to control the rotational accuracy of the spindle.

2. The ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spindle includes a spindle support, a spindle seat, and a spindle core; The spindle support is provided inside the spindle holder, and the spindle core is provided inside the spindle holder.

3. The ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the spindle core is connected to a vacuum suction cup via a vacuum suction cup mounting base. The workpiece is clamped and fixed by the vacuum suction cup. The spindle core is provided with a through vacuum channel, which is connected to a vacuum cover at the other end of the spindle core. A vacuum adapter is provided on the vacuum cover.

4. The ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a power motor, a motor sleeve, and a stator mounting sleeve; The power motor is connected to the main shaft seat through the motor sleeve, and the stator mounting sleeve is disposed inside the motor sleeve, with the motor sleeve and the stator mounting sleeve having a clearance fit.

5. The ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the stator mounting sleeve and the motor sleeve.

6. The ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The air flotation assembly includes an axial float, a radial float, a gap adjustment ring, and an end cap; The axial float is mounted on the upper and lower sides of the spindle core through an axial float fixing plate, and the axial float and the adjacent surface of the spindle core are fixedly connected with a predetermined gap, forming an overall I-shaped structure. The spindle core is located inside the radial float. Precision filtered compressed air enters the ventilation channel opened in the motor sleeve and the ventilation pipe arranged on the spindle seat through the air inlet pipe joint set on the motor sleeve, and enters the axial float to provide axial support for the spindle core, and the radial float provides radial support for the spindle core.

7. The ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper and lower sides of the spindle core shoulder are also provided with clearance adjustment rings, which are connected to the spindle seat, and the end of the spindle seat is provided with an end cap.

8. The ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cooling assembly includes a water-cooled copper sleeve, which is disposed between the spindle seat and the radial float, and the water-cooled copper sleeve is interference-fitted with the spindle seat. External ultra-precision cooling water enters the water inlet channel inside the motor sleeve through the water inlet pipe joint set on the motor sleeve, and then enters the water inlet channel between the spindle seat and the water-cooled copper sleeve and the end cover adjacent surfaces. It then enters the return water channel between the spindle seat and the water-cooled copper sleeve, the end cover, the stator mounting sleeve and the motor sleeve, and exits through the return water pipe joint set on the motor sleeve, so that the space between the water-cooled copper sleeve, the stator mounting sleeve and the end cover is filled with ultra-precision water.

9. The ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control components include a circular grating and an encoder.

10. The ultra-precision air-static pressure circulating cooling servo spindle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The encoder is mounted on the encoder mounting plate via a reading head bracket, and the encoder mounting plate is fixedly connected to the stator mounting sleeve. The circular grating is mounted on the rotor shaft of the power motor.

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