Large steel-concrete combined caisson

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gravity type foundation construction, in particular to a large steel-concrete combined caisson. The caisson structure comprises a top plate, the top plate is a steel shell concrete plate, and the top plate comprises a steel shell and concrete arranged in the steel shell; the bottom plate and the top plate are oppositely arranged; the two ends of the vertical wall are fixedly connected with the top plate and the bottom plate respectively, and the vertical wall is arranged along the outer periphery of the top plate in the circumferential direction; the multiple stand columns are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate to support the top plate. The top plate of the caisson adopts the steel shell concrete plate, the concrete in the steel shell provides strength and durability, the steel shell outside the concrete also has the characteristic of high construction speed, and the construction cost is lower than that of a steel foundation; the problem that a large gravity type caisson cannot give consideration to strength and rapid construction can be solved, the overall structure is simple, construction is easy, and great popularization value is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gravity foundation construction technology, specifically to a large steel-concrete composite caisson. Background Technology

[0002] Gravity foundations rely on their own structural dimensions and gravity to ensure structural stability, overturning resistance, and anti-slip performance. Due to their simplicity, reliability, and ease of prefabrication, gravity foundations have been widely used in recent years for structures such as offshore wind turbines and offshore platforms. Gravity foundation structures are generally divided into two categories: caisson foundations and pedestal foundations. Depending on the construction materials, caisson foundations are further divided into concrete caissons and steel structure caissons.

[0003] Concrete caissons have high strength and durability and low maintenance costs, but in large gravity caisson foundations, they are heavy, require sophisticated installation equipment, and have a long construction period. Steel structure caissons have the advantages of relatively light weight and fast construction speed, but they are more expensive. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a large steel-concrete composite caisson.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is: a large steel-concrete composite caisson, which includes...

[0006] The top plate is a steel-shell concrete slab, which includes a steel shell and concrete inside the steel shell;

[0007] A base plate, which is disposed opposite to the top plate;

[0008] The vertical wall is fixed to the top plate and the bottom plate at both ends, and is arranged around the top plate to form a box-shaped structure with the top plate and the bottom plate;

[0009] Multiple columns are fixed on the base plate to support the top plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the top plate includes two steel wall panels arranged opposite each other, multiple support beams that are fixed to the two steel wall panels at both ends respectively, and steel side plates that connect the two steel wall panels at the edges of the steel wall panels.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple crisscrossing reinforcing secondary beams are provided on the opposing sides of the two steel wall panels, and the two ends of the support beams are respectively fixed to the reinforcing secondary beams of the two steel wall panels.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple support beams are arranged side by side at horizontal intervals as a group, and multiple groups of support beams are arranged at longitudinal intervals, with steel diagonal braces fixed between adjacent support beams arranged side by side.

[0013] Furthermore, two adjacent steel diagonal braces are installed on the same support beam in a V-shaped or inverted V-shaped structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the vertical wall includes an outer ring wall and an inner ring wall located within the outer ring wall. Multiple partition walls are provided between the outer ring wall and the inner ring wall, and the multiple partition walls, together with the outer ring wall and the inner ring wall, form multiple compartments.

[0015] Furthermore, the vertical wall is formed by splicing together multiple vertical wall units.

[0016] Furthermore, the partition wall is arranged horizontally or vertically, and the columns are arranged at intervals at the connection between the horizontal partition wall and the inner ring wall in the horizontal direction. The parallel columns are fixedly connected to the inner ring wall by steel trusses.

[0017] Furthermore, at least one partition wall has perforations at its bottom to allow adjacent compartments to connect.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a main beam, which is fixed on the opposite sides of the top plate and the bottom plate. The main beam includes horizontal beams and vertical beams arranged in a grid pattern.

[0019] Furthermore, the end of the column is fixed at the connection between the crossbeam and the longitudinal beam.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model include: 1. The top plate is made of steel-shell concrete slab. The concrete inside the steel shell provides strength and durability, while the steel shell outside the concrete also takes into account the characteristics of fast construction speed. The cost is lower than that of steel structure caissons. The vertical walls, top plate and bottom plate form a cavity that can be used for water injection and sinking. Multiple columns on the bottom plate support the top plate to ensure the strength of the caisson. The overall weight is lighter than that of concrete caissons, which can solve the problem that large gravity caissons cannot take into account both strength and fast construction.

[0021] 2. The steel-shell concrete slab has a simple structure. It is formed by two steel wall panels, multiple supporting beams and steel side plates. After concrete is poured into the steel shell, it has weight and strength.

[0022] 3. The strength of the two steel panels can be enhanced by multiple crisscrossing reinforcing secondary beams, and the strength of the steel shell is ensured by multiple supporting beams fixed to the reinforcing secondary beams.

[0023] 4. Multiple support beams are arranged horizontally at intervals, and adjacent support beams are fixed together by steel diagonal braces, which can improve the strength and stability of the steel shell;

[0024] 5. Adjacent steel diagonal braces are V-shaped or inverted V-shaped, connecting the steel diagonal braces on opposite sides of the support beam, giving the steel wall panel better resistance to tilting and greater stability;

[0025] 6. Multiple compartments are formed by the outer ring wall, inner ring wall and partition wall. The multiple compartments are set around the outer ring of the steel shell, which makes it easy for the caisson to sink evenly after water is filled into the compartments and avoids tilting.

[0026] 7. The vertical wall is composed of multiple vertical wall units, which facilitates manufacturing and assembly to form a compartment;

[0027] 8. The columns are arranged horizontally to correspond to the partition walls. The parallel columns can be fixed to the connection between the inner wall and the partition wall by steel trusses, which has higher strength in the horizontal direction.

[0028] 9. At least one partition wall has a perforation at the bottom to allow the compartments to connect, facilitating the injection of water into the required compartments for sinking as needed.

[0029] 10. The strength of the top and bottom slabs can be enhanced by using crossbeams and longitudinal beams;

[0030] 11. The end of the column is fixed at the connection between the horizontal beam and the longitudinal beam, so that the column can exert a supporting force on the top plate through the horizontal beam and the longitudinal beam, which increases the contact area and has higher stability.

[0031] This utility model relates to a large steel-concrete composite caisson, suitable for the construction of large gravity foundations exceeding 100 meters. The top plate is made of steel-shell concrete slab, with the concrete inside the steel shell providing strength and durability, while the steel shell outside the concrete also ensures fast construction speed. The cost is lower than that of steel foundations. It can solve the problem that large gravity caissons cannot balance strength and rapid construction. The overall structure is simple, easy to construct, and has great promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 : A top view of the structure of this large steel-concrete composite caisson;

[0033] Figure 2 :for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA;

[0034] Figure 3 :for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point BB;

[0035] Figure 4 : A structural schematic diagram of one possible scheme for the top slab;

[0036] Figure 5 : Structural schematic diagram of another option for the top slab;

[0037] Wherein: 1—Top plate; 11—Steel wall panel; 12—Support beam; 13—Steel side plate; 14—Reinforced secondary beam; 15—Steel diagonal brace; 2—Bottom plate; 3—Main beam; 31—Horizontal beam; 32—Longitudinal beam; 4—Vertical wall; 41—Outer ring wall; 42—Inner ring wall; 5—Column; 6—Compartment; 61—Separation wall; 7—Steel truss. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The drawings are not drawn to scale and are intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0039] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] This utility model relates to a large steel-concrete composite caisson, suitable for the construction of large gravity foundations exceeding 100 meters. The top plate 1 is made of steel-shell concrete slab, with the concrete inside the steel shell providing strength and durability, while the steel shell outside the concrete also ensures fast construction speed. The cost is lower than that of steel foundations. The vertical walls 4, together with the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2, form a cavity that can be used for water injection and sinking. Multiple columns 5 support the top plate 1 on the bottom plate 2 to ensure the strength of the caisson. The overall weight is lighter than that of concrete caissons, which can solve the problem that large gravity caissons cannot balance strength and rapid construction. The overall structure is simple, easy to construct, and has great promotional value.

[0043] A large steel-concrete composite caisson, specifically, such as Figure 1-5As shown, the structure includes a top slab 1, a bottom slab 2, vertical walls 4, and columns 5. The top slab 1 is a steel-shell concrete slab, comprising a steel shell and concrete inside the steel shell. The steel shell contains concrete during the caisson's sinking and installation. The concrete inside the steel-shell concrete slab can be poured after the steel shell is assembled, or it can be poured into the steel shell after the caisson is assembled. Self-compacting concrete that does not require vibration is preferred, as it is poured inside the steel shell without the need for vibration. The bottom slab 2 is positioned opposite the top slab 1. The vertical walls 4 are fixed to both ends of the top slab 1 and the bottom slab 2, respectively, and are located around the top slab 1, forming a hollow box-shaped structure with the top slab 1 and the bottom slab 2. Multiple columns 5 are fixed on the bottom slab 2 to support the top slab 1. The bottom slab 2 can also be a steel-shell concrete slab, balancing strength and rapid construction.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the top plate 1 includes two opposing steel wall panels 11, multiple support beams 12 with their ends fixed to the two steel wall panels 11 respectively, and steel side plates 13 connecting the two steel wall panels 11 at their edges. The steel side plates 13 connect the two steel wall panels 11 to form a cavity for accommodating concrete. The multiple support beams 12 are arranged in a matrix on the steel wall panels 11. The steel shell concrete slab has a simple structure. The steel shell is formed by the two steel wall panels 11, multiple support beams 12, and steel side plates 13. After concrete is poured into the steel shell, it has a certain weight and strength.

[0045] The top plate 1 includes two opposing steel wall panels 11, such as Figure 4 As shown, multiple crisscrossing reinforcing secondary beams 14 are provided on the opposing sides of the two steel wall panels 11. The two ends of the support beam 12 are fixed to the reinforcing secondary beams 14 on both sides of the steel wall panels 11. The structure and size of the transverse reinforcing secondary beams 14 and the longitudinal reinforcing secondary beams 14 may be different. Preferably, the two ends of the support beam 12 are fixed to the connection of the crisscrossing reinforcing secondary beams 14, so that the support beam 12 supports the steel wall panels 11 through the transverse and longitudinal reinforcing secondary beams 14, thereby strengthening the steel shell.

[0046] The top plate 1 includes two opposing steel wall panels 11, such as Figure 5 As shown, multiple support beams 12 are arranged side by side at horizontal intervals as a group, and multiple groups of support beams 12 are arranged at longitudinal intervals. Steel diagonal braces 15 are fixed between adjacent support beams 12 arranged side by side. One end of the steel diagonal brace 15 is fixed to the top end of a support beam 12, and the other end is fixed to the bottom end of a support beam 12. This can enhance the reliability of the connection between the two steel wall panels 11 and improve the strength and stability of the steel shell.

[0047] Based on the fact that steel diagonal braces 15 are fixed between adjacent side-by-side support beams 12, such as Figure 5As shown, two adjacent steel diagonal braces 15 are set on the same support beam 12 in a V-shaped or inverted V-shaped structure. That is, the steel diagonal braces 15 connected on both sides of a support beam 12 are fixed at the same height of the support beam 12, so that the steel wall panel 11 has better anti-tilting ability and greater stability.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the vertical wall 4 has two rings around the outer perimeter of the top plate 1. The vertical wall 4 includes an outer ring wall 41 arranged circumferentially around the outer perimeter of the top plate 1 and an inner ring wall 42 located within the outer ring wall 41. The top and bottom ends of the outer ring wall 41 and the inner ring wall 42 are respectively fixed to the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2. Multiple partition walls 61 are provided between the outer ring wall 41 and the inner ring wall 42, forming multiple compartments 6. The multiple compartments 6 are arranged around the outer perimeter of the steel shell to facilitate the uniform sinking of the caisson after water is injected into the compartments 6, avoiding lateral tilting.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the vertical wall 4 is composed of multiple vertical wall units, and the vertical wall units can have various sizes and specifications; in a specific solution, such as Figure 1 As shown, the compartment 6 is a rectangular compartment formed by two vertical wall units and two partition walls 61. The vertical wall units can be used as partition walls 61. Multiple steel truss 7 are continuously and circumferentially fixed to the outer perimeter of the top plate 1 and connected to the bottom plate 2. The vertical wall units on the outer side of the multiple compartments 6 are connected to form an outer ring wall 41, and the vertical wall units on the side of the compartment 6 near the middle area of ​​the top plate 1 are connected to form an inner ring wall 42. The vertical wall 4 is spliced ​​from multiple vertical wall units, which facilitates manufacturing and assembly to form the compartment 6 and improves construction efficiency.

[0050] The vertical wall 4 includes an outer ring wall 41 and an inner ring wall 42 located within the outer ring wall 41, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the columns 5 are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction at the connection points of the partition wall 61 and the inner ring wall 42. The parallel columns 5 are fixedly connected to the inner ring wall 42 by steel trusses 7. The steel trusses 7 connect the inner ring wall 42 and the partition wall 61. The connection points of the inner ring wall 42 and the partition wall 61 have higher strength. The steel trusses 7 can transfer force to the partition wall 61 at this connection point of the inner ring wall 42, which has better stability. Preferably, the partition wall 61 is arranged in the horizontal or vertical direction, including a part of the partition wall 61 arranged in the horizontal direction and a part of the partition wall 61 arranged in the vertical direction, so that the parallel columns 5 are parallel to the horizontal partition wall 61. In one specific design, the compartment 6 has a rectangular structure, preferably a square structure. The columns 5 correspond to the horizontally arranged partition walls 61 and the vertically arranged partition walls 61. The parallel columns 5 can also be fixed to the inner ring wall 42 by steel trusses 7. The connection between the partition wall 61 and the inner ring wall 42 has higher strength. The parallel columns 5 can be fixed to the connection between the inner ring wall 42 and the partition wall 61 by steel trusses 7, which has higher strength in the lateral direction.

[0051] Multiple compartments 6 are formed by multiple partition walls 61, outer ring wall 41 and inner ring wall 42. At least one partition wall 61 has a perforation at the bottom to connect adjacent compartments 6, which can reduce the number of injection holes on the vertical wall 4 and facilitate the injection of water into the required compartments 6 as needed.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the steel-concrete composite caisson also includes a main beam 3, which is fixed to the opposite sides of the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2. The main beam 3 includes horizontal beams 31 and longitudinal beams 32 arranged in a grid pattern, and the horizontal beams 31 and longitudinal beams 32 are fixedly connected. The horizontal beams 31 and longitudinal beams 32 can strengthen the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the end of the column 5 is fixed to the connection between the crossbeam 31 and the longitudinal beam 32. Both ends of the column 5 are fixed to the connection between the crossbeam 31 and the longitudinal beam 32, so that the column 5 applies a supporting force to the top plate 1 through the crossbeam 31 and the longitudinal beam 32, which expands the contact area and has higher stability.

[0054] In actual use, both the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 are made of steel-shell concrete slabs, and are connected to each other using vertical wall units to form rectangular compartments 6. Multiple rectangular compartments 6 are continuously and circumferentially fixed to the outer perimeter of the top plate 1 and connected to the bottom plate 2. Main beams 3 are fixed to the opposite sides of the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2, and the top plate 1 is supported by the connection between the horizontal beam 31 and the longitudinal beam 32 through columns 5. In actual construction, the components of the caisson are fabricated in the dry dock of the prefabrication yard and assembled into a caisson. An appropriate amount of water is injected into the compartments 6 to ensure the stability of the caisson during the floating and transportation process; water is then injected into the dry dock of the prefabrication yard to achieve the floating of the caisson; the caisson is towed to the installation area; after the caisson is accurately positioned, water is injected into the compartments 6 again to achieve the sinking and installation of the caisson.

[0055] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A large steel-concrete composite caisson, characterized in that: include, Top plate (1), the top plate (1) is a steel shell concrete slab, the top plate (1) includes a steel shell and concrete inside the steel shell; A base plate (2) is disposed opposite to a top plate (1); Vertical wall (4), the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (2), and are arranged around the top plate (1) to form a box structure with the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (2); Multiple columns (5) are fixed on the base plate (2) to support the top plate (1).

2. The large steel-concrete composite caisson as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (1) includes two steel wall panels (11) arranged opposite each other, multiple support beams (12) that are fixed to the two steel wall panels (11) at both ends respectively, and steel side plates (13) that connect the two steel wall panels (11) at the edge of the steel wall panels (11).

3. A large steel-concrete composite caisson as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Both of the steel wall panels (11) are provided with multiple crisscrossing reinforcing secondary beams (14) on their opposite sides, and the two ends of the support beam (12) are respectively fixed to the reinforcing secondary beams (14) of the steel wall panels (11) on both sides.

4. A large steel-concrete composite caisson as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple support beams (12) are arranged side by side at a horizontal interval as a group, and multiple groups of support beams (12) are arranged at a longitudinal interval. Steel diagonal braces (15) are fixed between adjacent support beams (12) arranged side by side.

5. A large steel-concrete composite caisson as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Two adjacent steel diagonal braces (15) are set on the same support beam (12) in a V-shaped or inverted V-shaped structure.

6. A large steel-concrete composite caisson as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The vertical wall (4) includes an outer ring wall (41) and an inner ring wall (42) located inside the outer ring wall (41). Multiple partition walls (61) are provided between the outer ring wall (41) and the inner ring wall (42), and the multiple partition walls (61) together with the outer ring wall (41) and the inner ring wall (42) form multiple compartments (6).

7. A large steel-concrete composite caisson as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The partition wall (61) is arranged in the horizontal or vertical direction. The columns (5) are arranged at intervals at the connection between the horizontal partition wall (61) and the inner ring wall (42) in the horizontal direction. The columns (5) are fixedly connected to the inner ring wall (42) through steel trusses (7).

8. A large steel-concrete composite caisson as described in claim 6, characterized in that: At least one partition wall (61) has a perforation at its bottom to connect adjacent compartments (6).

9. A large steel-concrete composite caisson as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a main beam (3), which is fixed on the opposite sides of the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (2). The main beam (3) includes crossbeams (31) and longitudinal beams (32) arranged in a grid pattern.

10. A large steel-concrete composite caisson as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The end of the column (5) is fixed at the connection between the crossbeam (31) and the longitudinal beam (32).

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