Stone blasting charging structure of karst area
By using PVC pipes filled with sand and loaded with explosives in sections in karst areas, and by fixing the PVC pipes with fixing components, the problem of high flying rock accident rate in karst areas was solved, and safe and efficient blasting construction was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520820365.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Traditional blasting techniques in karst areas are prone to inaccurate calculation of explosive charge due to the presence of karst caves, resulting in a high rate of flying rock accidents. Existing equipment requires high positioning accuracy in karst caves and increases construction difficulty.
The PVC pipe is filled with sand and the explosive is loaded in sections. The PVC pipe is fixed with fixing components. The sand filling buffers the blast energy, and the sectioned loading improves energy utilization and reduces flyrock.
Effectively control flying rocks during blasting, improve construction safety and convenience, ensure blasting quality, and reduce safety hazards in the construction environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN223940125U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of blasting technology in geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a blasting charge structure for rock blasting in karst areas. Background Technology
[0002] Karst areas are characterized by complex geological conditions and widespread cavern development, posing significant challenges to rock blasting operations. Traditional blasting techniques perform well in homogeneous rock formations, but in karst areas, the presence of caverns can easily lead to inaccurate calculations of explosive charges. In recent years, as infrastructure construction has extended into geologically complex areas, the accident rate in karst blasting has increased significantly. Industry statistics show that rockfall accidents in these areas account for 34% of all engineering accidents, seriously threatening construction safety and the surrounding environment. Currently, the industry mainly mitigates the problem by increasing protection levels or safety distances, but this cannot fundamentally solve the problem of uncontrolled energy release caused by caverns.
[0003] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN214620897U, which discloses a blasting hole charging structure for karst areas. The structure includes a charging tube with borehole plugs at both ends. The charging tube contains several charging sections, each containing a detonating charge. A lead wire is connected to each detonating charge, and all leads pass through the same borehole plug and extend from the same end of the charging tube. The charging tube also includes a hollow section, with partitions between each hollow section and its adjacent charging sections. Each partition has two partition plates and a support rod, with both ends of the support rod penetrating the two partition plates and secured to them by fasteners. This application aims to reduce the adverse effects of karst caves on blasting effectiveness and improve blasting quality.
[0004] The device places the cavity section at the karst cave to reduce the adverse effects of the karst cave on the blasting effect. However, reducing the charge density by using air gaps requires extremely high accuracy in karst cave positioning, which increases the difficulty and time of construction and reduces the convenience of construction. Utility Model Content
[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a rock blasting charge structure for karst areas, aiming to improve the problem that existing structures are prone to energy diffusion and generate a large amount of flyrock when blasting karst caves, which increases the safety hazards of the construction environment.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a rock blasting charge structure for karst areas, comprising a rock mass and a karst cave, wherein a borehole is drilled inside the rock mass, a PVC pipe is inserted into the borehole, and the PVC pipe extends into the interior of the karst cave, the interior of the PVC pipe is filled with a first section of sand and soil, the interior of the PVC pipe is filled with a second section of sand and soil, the second section of sand and soil is placed to the side of the first section of sand and soil, and the second section of sand and soil is placed inside the karst cave, one end of the PVC pipe extends out of the outer side of the rock mass, and a fixing component is sleeved on the extended end of the PVC pipe.
[0007] Through the above technical solution: the second section of sand filling is set inside the karst cave area. When blasting the rock mass, the second section of sand filling can disperse and attenuate the blasting energy, and make the energy transfer more continuous and uniform, thereby improving the energy utilization rate, enhancing the blasting and crushing effect, and effectively preventing the safety hazards caused by flying rocks to the construction environment.
[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0009] The fixing component includes a sleeve ring, a screw hole, and a positioning bolt. The sleeve ring is fitted onto the outside of the extended end of the PVC pipe, the screw hole is opened on the outside of the sleeve ring, and the positioning thread is threaded into the inside of the screw hole.
[0010] The above technical solution involves passing multiple positioning bolts sequentially through the positioning bolt holes, thereby fixing the sleeve ring to the rock mass and simultaneously fixing the position of the PVC pipe placed inside the sleeve ring, ensuring the stability of the PVC pipe inserted into the borehole.
[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0012] A silicone ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve ring, and a strong adhesive coating is provided on the inner surface of the silicone ring.
[0013] Through the above technical solution: after the PVC pipe passes through the inside of the silicone ring, its outer surface can come into contact with the strong adhesive coating layer. Therefore, the PVC pipe can be fixed and glued to the inside of the silicone ring. At the same time, through the deformation of the silicone ring, the PVC pipe can be contracted and squeezed, ensuring the stability of the PVC pipe inside the silicone ring and preventing the PVC pipe from expanding and contracting inside the silicone ring.
[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0015] One end of the positioning bolt extends out of the screw hole and the extended end of the positioning bolt is inserted into the rock mass.
[0016] The above technical solution involves passing the positioning bolts through the screw holes in sequence and extending them into the interior of the rock mass, thereby fixing the socket ring to the rock mass. This ensures the stability of the PVC pipe installed inside the socket ring and prevents the PVC pipe from slipping out of the inclined drill hole.
[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0018] The PVC pipe contains a first explosive, and the first explosive contains a first detonator.
[0019] The above technical solution demonstrates the functionality of the entire device, including its structure, by using a first detonator to detonate the first explosive, which in turn can blast the rock mass.
[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0021] The first explosive is placed between the first section of sand filling and the second section of sand filling.
[0022] Through the above technical solution: when the first explosive detonates, its explosive energy will diffuse in the direction of the first and second sand filling sections. The filling sand can buffer the high-pressure gas and shock wave generated by the blast, thereby reducing the generation of flying rocks during the blasting process and ensuring the safety of the construction environment.
[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0024] The PVC pipe contains a second explosive, and the second explosive contains a second detonator.
[0025] By using the above technical solution, the first and second explosives are set in separate sections, which can avoid energy concentration or waste, and allow the blasting energy to act more accurately on the target rock mass, thereby increasing the blasting effect and blasting quality on the rock mass.
[0026] As a further description of the above technical solution: a plug is fitted inside the extension end of the PVC pipe.
[0027] The above technical solution allows for the following: after the PVC pipe is fully inserted into the drilled hole, the opening at the end of the PVC pipe can be plugged with a plugging device to prevent the filling material inside the PVC pipe from falling out and affecting the normal construction process.
[0028] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0029] 1. This utility model uses segmented charging, filling the charging section in the karst cave with sand instead of explosives, which reduces the amount of explosives, effectively controls flying rocks during blasting, ensures the safety of blasting operations, and makes the construction process extremely convenient, as sand can be directly filled into the karst cave section, greatly increasing the convenience of construction.
[0030] 2. This utility model incorporates a fixing component. After the PVC pipe is installed inside the drilled hole, a sleeve ring can be fitted over the outside of the PVC pipe. At this time, the silicone ring on its inner side contacts the PVC pipe, allowing it to be compressed. Furthermore, the strong adhesive coating on the inner surface of the silicone ring contacts the PVC pipe, thus fixing the fixing component to the outside of the PVC pipe. Then, the positioning bolt can be screwed into the bolt hole and extended into the rock mass, thereby fixing the PVC pipe and preventing it from slipping out of the drilled hole when the PVC pipe is installed obliquely inside the rock mass, which would affect the construction process. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a rock blasting charge structure for karst areas proposed in this utility model;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rock mass cross-section structure of a rock blasting charge structure in a karst area proposed in this utility model;
[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed component structure of a rock blasting charge structure in a karst area proposed in this utility model;
[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic plan view of the charge structure for rock blasting in karst areas proposed in this utility model.
[0035] Legend:
[0036] 1. Rock mass; 2. Fixing components; 201. Connecting ring; 202. Screw hole; 203. Positioning bolt; 3. Plug; 4. PVC pipe; 5. Drill hole; 6. Cavern; 7. First section of sand filling; 8. First explosive; 9. Second section of sand filling; 10. Second explosive; 11. Silicone ring; 12. Strong adhesive coating layer; 13. First detonator; 14. Second detonator. Detailed Implementation
[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 An embodiment of this utility model provides a rock blasting charge structure in a karst area, including a rock mass 1, a drill hole 5 is opened inside the rock mass 1, a PVC pipe 4 is inserted into the drill hole 5, and the PVC pipe 4 extends into the interior of a karst cave 6. The interior of the PVC pipe 4 is provided with a first section of sand filling 7 and a second section of sand filling 9, and the second section of sand filling 9 is placed to the side of the first section of sand filling 7 and is placed inside the karst cave 6. One end of the PVC pipe 4 extends out of the outside of the rock mass 1, and a fixing component 2 is sleeved on the extended end of the PVC pipe 4.
[0039] Specifically, during construction, drilling equipment 5 is used to drill holes into the interior of rock mass 1 to a specified depth. Based on the drilling depth, PVC pipes 4 of corresponding length are cut and extended into the interior of drill hole 5. Due to the complex geological conditions of the karst area, groundwater and fissures may exist. The pipe has excellent waterproof and moisture-proof properties, effectively protecting the explosives placed inside the PVC pipe 4 from the influence of a humid environment, ensuring the stability of the explosives' performance, and preventing problems such as misfires and insufficient explosive power due to moisture. The PVC pipe 4 also separates the explosives from the inner wall of the borehole 5, preventing impurities from the borehole 5 from entering the explosives and affecting the explosion effect. Furthermore, the PVC pipe 4 is easy to cut, increasing the convenience of construction. The interior of the PVC pipe 4 is filled with a first section of sand filling 7 and a second section of sand filling 9, with the second section of sand filling 9 located in the karst cave 6 area. Since the original karst cave 6 has a relatively open interior space, the blasting energy may be dispersed and attenuated quickly. Filling the karst cave 6 with sand changes the blasting energy propagation medium, making energy transmission more continuous and uniform, improving energy utilization, and enhancing the blasting fragmentation effect. The sand filling also buffers the high-pressure gas and shock wave generated by the blast, reducing energy diffusion to the surrounding environment and decreasing the range and intensity of harmful effects such as blasting vibration, flyrock, and noise, greatly increasing safety during construction.
[0040] Reference Figure 3 The fixing component 2 includes a sleeve ring 201, a screw hole 202, and a positioning bolt 203. The sleeve ring 201 is sleeved on the outside of the extension end of the PVC pipe 4. The screw hole 202 is opened on the outside of the sleeve ring 201. The positioning thread is threaded into the inside of the screw hole 202. A silicone ring 11 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve ring 201. A strong adhesive coating layer 12 is provided on the inner surface of the silicone ring 11. One end of the positioning bolt 203 extends out of the inside of the screw hole 202, and the extended end of the positioning bolt 203 is inserted into the inside of the rock mass 1.
[0041] Specifically, when cutting the PVC pipe 4, its length should be greater than the depth of the drill hole 5. When the PVC pipe 4 is inserted into the drill hole 5, one end of the PVC pipe 4 can extend out of the drill hole 5. When it is necessary to drill at an angle inside the rock mass 1 due to blasting operations, the PVC pipe 4 may slide down inside the angled drill hole 5. In this case, a strong adhesive coating can be applied to the inner surface of the silicone ring 11, and the connecting ring 201 can be fitted onto the extended end of the PVC pipe 4. At this time, the outer surface of the PVC pipe 4 can contact the strong adhesive coating on the inner surface of the silicone ring 11, and the strong adhesive coating can fix the PVC pipe 4 to the silicone ring. Inside the silicone ring 11, and due to the soft and malleable nature of the silicone ring 11, when the PVC pipe 4 is placed inside the silicone ring 11, the silicone ring 11 can contract and squeeze the outer surface of the PVC pipe 4, thereby further increasing the fixing effect on the PVC pipe 4. After the PVC pipe 4 is fitted inside the adjusting ring, the positioning bolt 203 can be passed through the inside of the screw hole 202 in sequence, and the positioning bolt 203 can be extended into the inside of the rock mass 1. In this way, the adjusting ring can be fixed on the outer surface of the rock mass 1, thereby fixing the PVC pipe 4 and preventing the PVC pipe 4 from sliding down in the inclined borehole 5, ensuring the normal construction of the blasting operation.
[0042] Reference Figure 4 The PVC pipe 4 contains a first explosive 8, the first explosive 8 contains a first detonator 13, the first explosive 8 is located between the first section of sand filling 7 and the second section of sand filling 9, the PVC pipe 4 contains a second explosive 10, the second explosive 10 contains a second detonator 14.
[0043] Specifically, the first explosive 8 and the second explosive 10 are set in sections inside the PVC pipe 4, and the first explosive 8 and the second explosive 10 are set on both sides of the cave 6 area. Therefore, when the first explosive 8 and the second explosive 10 are detonated, their impact force will be concentrated in the second section of sand filling 9 in the cave 6 area. This can prevent the blast energy from being dispersed and generating a large number of flying rocks, which would affect the safety environment of construction. The first explosive 8 and the second explosive 10 can be detonated by the first detonator 13 and the second detonator 14 respectively.
[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The extension end of PVC pipe 4 is fitted with a plug 3.
[0045] Specifically, the plugging component 3 can seal the opening at the extension end of the PVC pipe 4, thereby preventing the explosives and sand placed inside the PVC pipe 4 from falling out. The plugging component used here is made of rubber. Through the soft properties of rubber, the contact area between the plugging component 3 and the inner wall at the port of the PVC pipe 4 can be increased, thereby increasing the sealing performance of the plugging at the port of the PVC pipe 4.
[0046] Working principle: When using this device, the blasting location of rock mass 1 can be marked according to the construction situation, and the blasting location can be drilled according to the external drilling equipment. Drill to the specified depth, cut PVC pipe 4, the length of which should be 20CM greater than the depth of the borehole 5, and insert PVC pipe 4 completely into the borehole 5 so that one end of PVC pipe 4 extends out of the outside of rock mass 1. When a karst cave 6 is detected inside rock mass 1, the first section of sand filling 7, the first explosive 8, the second section of sand filling 9 and the second explosive 10 can be added to the inside of PVC pipe 4 in sequence, and the second section of sand filling 9 is placed inside the karst cave 6.
[0047] When the PVC pipe 4 is fully inserted into the borehole 5 and the borehole 5 is at an angle, the strong adhesive layer 12 can be applied to the surface of the silicone ring 11, and the connecting ring 201 can be fitted onto the extension end of the PVC pipe 4. This can initially fix the PVC pipe 4 to the inside of the connecting ring 201. The positioning bolts 203 are then passed through the screw holes 202 in sequence and extended into the interior of the rock mass 1. This can fix the connecting ring 201 to the rock mass 1 and fix the PVC pipe 4 to the rock mass 1, preventing the PVC pipe 4 from falling out of the borehole 5. This device increases the safety during construction and also facilitates the fixing of the position of the PVC pipe 4.
[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A rock blasting charge structure in a karst area, comprising a rock mass (1) and a karst cave (6), characterized in that: A borehole (5) is provided inside the rock mass (1). A PVC pipe (4) is inserted into the borehole (5) and extends into the interior of the cave (6). The interior of the PVC pipe (4) is provided with a first section of sand filling (7) and a second section of sand filling (9). The second section of sand filling (9) is placed to the side of the first section of sand filling (7) and is placed inside the cave (6). One end of the PVC pipe (4) extends out of the outside of the rock mass (1) and is fitted with a fixing component (2).
2. The rock blasting charge structure in a karst area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing component (2) includes a sleeve ring (201), a screw hole (202) and a positioning bolt (203). The sleeve ring (201) is sleeved on the outside of the extension end of the PVC pipe (4). The screw hole (202) is opened on the outside of the sleeve ring (201). The positioning bolt (203) is threaded into the inside of the screw hole (202).
3. The rock blasting charge structure in a karst area according to claim 2, characterized in that: A silicone ring (11) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve ring (201), and a strong adhesive coating layer (12) is provided on the inner surface of the silicone ring (11).
4. The rock blasting charge structure in a karst area according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the positioning bolt (203) extends out of the interior of the screw hole (202), and the extended end of the positioning bolt (203) is inserted into the interior of the rock mass (1).
5. The rock blasting charge structure in a karst area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVC pipe (4) contains a first explosive (8), and the first explosive (8) contains a first detonator (13).
6. The rock blasting charge structure in a karst area according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first explosive (8) is placed between the first section of sand filling (7) and the second section of sand filling (9).
7. The rock blasting charge structure in a karst area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVC pipe (4) is equipped with a second explosive (10), and the second explosive (10) is equipped with a second detonator (14).
8. The rock blasting charge structure in a karst area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension end of the PVC pipe (4) is fitted with a plug (3).