Tool apron structure and machining tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tool apron structure and a processing machine tool, the tool apron structure comprises a seat body, a driving assembly and a plurality of cutting knives, an accommodating cavity and a plurality of guide grooves are arranged in the seat body, and the accommodating cavity is communicated with the plurality of guide grooves. The cutters correspond to the guide grooves in a one-to-one mode, the cutters are provided with the guide grooves in a sliding mode, and the cutters are provided with first positions hidden in the guide grooves and second positions at least partially protruding out of the guide grooves. The driving assembly is arranged in the containing cavity, is in transmission connection with the cutters and drives the cutters to be switched between the first position and the second position. The cutting tool needing to be used is located at the second position, the cutting tool protrudes out of the guide groove to cut the part, the cutting tool not needing to be used is located at the first position, and then the cutting tool not needing to be used is far away from the workpiece. The driving assembly is hidden in the accommodating cavity, so that the driving assembly is prevented from being influenced by a severe working environment, and the driving assembly is prevented from being damaged by the severe working environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of parts processing, specifically to a tool holder structure and a processing machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] To achieve different processing results, machine tools often need to be equipped with multiple cutting tools of different specifications.

[0003] To facilitate quick tool changes, individual cutting tools are often mounted on tool holders. Existing tool holder structures can be found in patent application number CN202110344040.8. These tool holders feature a rotating tool disc on which each cutting tool is mounted. Rotating the disc allows different cutting tools to face the workpiece, enabling the machining of the workpiece using different tools. However, these tool holder structures are exposed to harsh working environments, and external factors such as metal shavings and high temperatures can easily damage them.

[0004] Therefore, how to protect the transmission components of the tool changer in harsh working environments is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a tool holder structure and a machining tool to solve the technical problem that the transmission components of tool changing are easily damaged in harsh working environments in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On the one hand, this utility model provides a tool holder structure, which includes:

[0008] The base has a receiving cavity and several guide grooves inside, and the receiving cavity is connected to several of the guide grooves;

[0009] A plurality of cutting blades corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of guide grooves, the cutting blades being slidably disposed in the guide grooves, each cutting blade having a first position hidden within the guide groove and a second position at least partially protruding from the guide groove; and

[0010] A drive assembly, which is built into the receiving cavity, is drively connected to a plurality of the cutting blades and drives the cutting blades to switch between the first position and the second position.

[0011] In some embodiments, one end of the cutting tool has a plunger portion, which is movably disposed in the guide groove, and the outer periphery of the plunger portion is attached to the inner wall of the guide groove.

[0012] In some embodiments, an annular sealing groove is further provided on the inner wall of the guide groove, and the tool holder structure further includes a sealing ring, which is embedded in the sealing groove and fits against the outer wall of the plunger portion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the driving assembly includes a plurality of driving members, each of which corresponds to a plurality of cutting blades. The driving members are tractively connected to the cutting blades to drive the cutting blades to slide along the guide groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, the drive includes a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of which is disposed within the receiving cavity, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends into the guide groove and is connected to the cutting tool.

[0015] In some embodiments, the cutting tool has a connecting portion that is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] In some embodiments, one end of the seat body is provided with a pick-up and put-out port communicating with the receiving cavity, and the seat body also has a cover plate, which is detachably installed on the pick-up and put-out port to close the pick-up and put-out port.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cover plate has a flange on its outer periphery, and the outer wall of the base plate has a plurality of screw holes corresponding to the flange. Bolts are passed through the flange and screwed into the screw holes so that the cover plate is installed in the loading and unloading port.

[0018] On the other hand, this utility model also provides a machining tool, which includes a frame and a spindle. The spindle is rotatably mounted on the frame and is used to drive the workpiece to rotate. It includes the above-mentioned tool holder structure, which is disposed on one side of the spindle so that the cutting tool in the second position can cut the rotating workpiece.

[0019] In some embodiments, there are two tool holder structures, which are arranged opposite to each other and located on both sides of the spindle.

[0020] Each cutting tool is slidably positioned in its corresponding guide groove. A drive assembly moves the cutting tools, positioning the required cutting tool in the second position, where it protrudes from the guide groove to cut the workpiece. Conversely, the unused cutting tool is positioned in the first position, thus moving away from the workpiece. Because the drive assembly is concealed within the housing cavity, it is protected from harsh working environments and is protected from damage caused by adverse conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: base 100, receiving cavity 110, guide groove 120, pick-up and drop-out port 130, cover plate 140, flange 141, drive assembly 200, drive component 210, hydraulic cylinder 211, cutting tool 300, connecting part 310, plunger part 320, sealing ring 400, frame A, spindle B. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0025] To address the technical problem that the transmission components of tool changing devices are easily damaged in harsh working environments, this utility model provides a tool holder structure that hides the transmission components within the receiving cavity 110, thus preventing the transmission components from being affected by harsh working environments.

[0026] It should be noted that the tool holder structure of this utility model is used in, but not limited to, machine tools. For ease of explanation, this utility model only uses the application of the tool holder structure in machine tools as an example. The principle of the tool holder structure applied to other types of equipment is essentially the same as that applied to machine tools, and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder structure in one embodiment of the present invention. The tool holder structure includes a base 100, a drive assembly 200, and a plurality of cutting blades 300. The base 100 has a receiving cavity 110 and a plurality of guide grooves 120, and the receiving cavity 110 is connected to the plurality of guide grooves 120. The plurality of cutting blades 300 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of guide grooves 120. The cutting blades 300 are slidably disposed in the guide grooves 120. The cutting blades 300 have a first position hidden in the guide grooves 120 and a second position that at least partially protrudes from the guide grooves 120. The drive assembly 200 is built into the receiving cavity 110 and is drively connected to the plurality of cutting blades 300, driving the cutting blades 300 to switch between the first position and the second position.

[0028] In this embodiment, each cutting tool 300 is slidably disposed in its corresponding guide groove 120. The driving assembly 200 drives the cutting tools 300 to move, so that the cutting tool 300 to be used is in the second position, protruding from the guide groove 120 to cut the part, and the cutting tool 300 not to be used is in the first position, thereby moving the unused cutting tool 300 away from the workpiece. Since the driving assembly 200 is hidden inside the receiving cavity 110, it is protected from the influence of harsh working environments and is prevented from being damaged by harsh working environments.

[0029] In some embodiments, the drive assembly 200 includes a plurality of drive members 210, each corresponding to a plurality of cutting blades 300. The drive members 210 are driveably connected to the cutting blades 300 to drive the cutting blades 300 to slide along the guide groove 120. Each drive member 210 is responsible for driving its corresponding cutting blade 300 to slide within the guide groove 120. When the cutting blade 300 is concealed within the guide groove 120, it is in a first position; when it protrudes from the guide groove 120, it is in a second position. By driving the cutting blades 300 to slide back and forth within the guide groove 120, the drive members 210 can switch the cutting blades 300 between the first and second positions.

[0030] Any implementation of the drive component 210 that can drive the cutting tool 300 to reciprocate within the guide groove 120 is feasible. For example, the drive component 210 can be an electric push rod or a lead screw and slider structure. In some embodiments, the drive component 210 includes a hydraulic cylinder 211, the cylinder body of which is placed in the receiving cavity 110, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 211 extends into the guide groove 120 and is connected to the cutting tool 300. The sliding of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 211 relative to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 211 can drive the cutting tool 300 to reciprocate within the guide groove 120.

[0031] In some embodiments, the cutting tool 300 has a connecting portion 310, which is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 211. The connecting portion 310 is located at the tail end of the cutting tool 300, and the cutting tool 300 is interconnected with the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 211 through the connecting portion 310, so that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 211 can drive the cutting tool 300 to move. The implementation of the connecting portion 310 is varied. The connecting portion 310 can be a retainer with a groove, in which the piston rod is fitted, so that the piston rod and the cutting tool 300 are stably connected to each other.

[0032] In some embodiments, the cutting tool 300 has a plunger portion 320 at one end, which movably passes through the guide groove 120, and the outer periphery of the plunger portion 320 is in contact with the inner wall of the guide groove 120. Because the plunger portion 320 is in contact with the inner wall of the guide groove 120, on the one hand, the cutting tool 300 can be prevented from shaking within the guide groove 120, improving the stability of the cutting tool 300; on the other hand, the sealing between the plunger portion 320 and the inner wall of the guide groove 120 can be improved, preventing harsh external working environments from affecting the receiving cavity 110 through the guide groove 120.

[0033] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, an annular sealing groove is further formed on the inner wall of the guide groove 120, and the tool holder structure also includes a sealing ring 400, which is embedded in the sealing groove and conforms to the outer wall of the plunger portion 320. Under the action of the sealing ring 400, the sealing performance between the plunger portion 320 and the inner wall of the guide groove 120 can be further improved. Furthermore, the specific implementation of the sealing ring 400 is diverse, as long as the sealing requirements are met. For example, the sealing ring 400 can be a rubber ring. Because rubber rings have flexibility and elasticity, they can fully fill the small gaps between the plunger portion 320 and the inner wall of the guide groove 120, thereby improving the sealing performance between the plunger portion 320 and the inner wall of the guide groove 120.

[0034] In some embodiments, the base 100 has a loading / unloading port 130 at one end, which communicates with the receiving cavity 110. The base 100 also has a cover plate 140, which is detachably mounted on the loading / unloading port 130 to close it. By closing the loading / unloading port 130 with the cover plate 140, the receiving cavity 110 is sealed, thereby protecting the drive assembly 200. When the drive assembly 200 needs to be inspected or maintained, the cover plate 140 can be removed, and the drive assembly 200 can be inspected or maintained through the loading / unloading port 130.

[0035] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, the cover plate 140 has a flange 141 on its outer periphery, and the outer wall of the base 100 has several screw holes corresponding to the flange 141. Bolts are passed through the flange 141 and screwed into the screw holes to install the cover plate 140 onto the access port 130. By having the bolts pass through the flange 141 and screwed into the screw holes, the cover plate 140 can be fixed to the access port 130. When it is necessary to remove the cover plate 140 to open the access port 130, the bolts can be removed, and the cover plate 140 can then detach from the base 100 to open the access port 130.

[0036] In addition, see also Figure 2The present invention also provides a machining tool, which includes a frame A and a spindle B. The spindle B is rotatably mounted on the frame A and is used to drive the workpiece to rotate. The feature is that it includes the above-mentioned tool holder structure, which is disposed on one side of the spindle B so that the cutting tool 300 in the second position cuts the rotating workpiece.

[0037] In the above embodiment, the workpiece is fixed to the spindle B. The rotation of the spindle B can drive the workpiece to rotate. Since the tool holder structure is set on one side of the spindle B, the cutting tool 300 in the second position can contact the rotating workpiece, and then the cutting tool 300 can be used to process the workpiece.

[0038] Based on the above embodiments, in some embodiments, there are two tool holder structures, which are arranged opposite each other and located on both sides of the spindle B. Since the number of cutting tools 300 that can be placed in a single holder 100 is limited, arranging two tool holder structures opposite each other and located on both sides of the spindle B allows for the placement of more cutting tools 300.

[0039] To better understand this utility model, the following is combined with... Figures 1 to 2 The technical solution of this utility model is described in detail below:

[0040] Each cutting tool 300 is slidably disposed in its corresponding guide groove 120. Since the plunger portion 320 is in contact with the inner wall of the guide groove 120, it prevents the cutting tool 300 from shaking within the guide groove 120, improving its stability. Furthermore, it enhances the seal between the plunger portion 320 and the inner wall of the guide groove 120, preventing harsh external working environments from affecting the receiving cavity 110 via the guide groove 120. A sealing ring 400 is embedded in the sealing groove, effectively filling the small gaps between the plunger portion 320 and the inner wall of the guide groove 120, further improving the seal between them. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 211 is placed within the receiving cavity 110, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 211 extends into the guide groove 120 and connects to the cutting tool 300. The sliding of the piston rod relative to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 211 causes the cutting tool 300 to reciprocate within the guide groove 120. The hydraulic cylinder 211 drives the cutting tool 300 to switch to the second position, causing the cutting tool 300 to protrude from the guide groove 120 to perform cutting on the part. The unused cutting tool 300 is then placed in the first position, thus moving it away from the workpiece. The cover plate 140 closes the pick-up / drop-off port 130, sealing the receiving cavity 110 and protecting the hydraulic cylinder 211. When maintenance or repair of the hydraulic cylinder 211 is required, the cover plate 140 can be removed, allowing for maintenance and repair through the pick-up / drop-off port 130. Because the hydraulic cylinder 211 is concealed within the receiving cavity 110, the drive assembly 200 is protected from harsh working environments, preventing damage to the hydraulic cylinder 211 due to adverse conditions.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0043] The specific embodiments of this utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tool holder structure, characterized in that, include: The base has a receiving cavity and several guide grooves inside, and the receiving cavity is connected to several of the guide grooves; A plurality of cutting blades corresponding one-to-one with a plurality of guide grooves, the cutting blades being slidably disposed in the guide grooves, the cutting blades having a first position hidden within the guide grooves and a second position having at least partially protruding from the guide grooves; as well as A drive assembly, which is built into the receiving cavity, is drively connected to a plurality of the cutting blades and drives the cutting blades to switch between the first position and the second position.

2. The tool holder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool has a plunger portion at one end, which is movably inserted into the guide groove, and the outer periphery of the plunger portion is attached to the inner wall of the guide groove.

3. The tool holder structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the guide groove is also provided with an annular sealing groove, and the tool holder structure also includes a sealing ring, which is embedded in the sealing groove and fits against the outer wall of the plunger part.

4. The tool holder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a plurality of drive components, each of which corresponds to a plurality of cutting blades. The drive components are connected to the cutting blades in a driving manner to drive the cutting blades to slide along the guide groove.

5. The tool holder structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive component includes a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of which is placed in the receiving cavity, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends into the guide groove and is connected to the cutting tool.

6. The tool holder structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cutting tool has a connecting part, which is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.

7. The tool holder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the seat is provided with a pick-up and put-out port that communicates with the receiving cavity, and the seat also has a cover plate that is detachably installed on the pick-up and put-out port to close the pick-up and put-out port.

8. The tool holder structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cover plate has a flange on its outer periphery, and the outer wall of the base has several screw holes corresponding to the flange. Bolts are passed through the flange and screwed into the screw holes so that the cover plate is installed in the loading and unloading port.

9. A machine tool comprising a frame and a spindle, the spindle being rotatably mounted on the frame for driving a workpiece to rotate, characterized in that, Includes a tool holder structure as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the tool holder structure is disposed on one side of the spindle so that the cutting tool in the second position cuts the rotating workpiece.

10. The machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, There are two tool holder structures, which are arranged opposite each other and located on both sides of the spindle.

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