Four-motor coupling wheel edge driving structure

Abstract

A four-motor coupling wheel edge driving structure comprises a gearbox and a planet row. The gearbox is characterized by comprising a first motor, a first input shaft, a second motor, a second input shaft, a third motor, a third input shaft, a fourth motor, a fourth input shaft, a first composite constant mesh gear shaft meshed with the first input shaft and the second input shaft respectively, and a second composite constant mesh gear shaft meshed with the third input shaft and the fourth input shaft respectively. The two-gear speed change mechanism is connected with the first composite constant mesh gear shaft and the second composite constant mesh gear shaft and has a two-gear speed change function, the output assembly is meshed with the two-gear speed change mechanism, the first input shaft, the second input shaft, the third input shaft and the fourth input shaft are sequentially arranged in parallel, and a sun gear of the planet row is connected with the output assembly. The planet carrier is fixed to the gearbox shell, and the gear ring is fixed to the driving wheel. The utility model is suitable for the extreme heavy load working condition of the mining loader, and achieves the optimal matching of the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of the whole loader.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure, belonging to the field of wheel-side drive technology for mining loaders. Background Technology

[0002] Large-tonnage mining loaders, due to their ultra-large tonnage (typically exceeding 50 tons), ultra-heavy loads (single load capacity reaching 10-30 tons), and extremely harsh working conditions, place almost stringent requirements on the power density, environmental adaptability, and durability of their drive systems. Traditional mining loaders mostly adopt a central drive system, transmitting power through complex mechanical structures such as drive shafts and differentials. This results in drawbacks such as long drive chains, significant efficiency losses, high energy consumption, and high maintenance costs. Especially under extreme working conditions such as heavy-load climbing and muddy roads, problems such as uneven power distribution and tire slippage are prone to occur, severely restricting operational efficiency and equipment reliability. By replacing the drive axle with wheel-side drive, wheel-side drive can fully leverage its own configuration advantages and the control function of the whole machine controller, achieving a wide range of power torque distribution without additional energy consumption. The driving torque of each drive wheel can be individually controlled and actively adjusted according to the vehicle's operating status and road conditions, forming an electronic differential. This makes it easier to improve the potential advantages of the whole machine in terms of traction performance and operational adaptability, and improve passability. However, due to the limitations of complex terrain and diverse working conditions, mining loaders still face problems such as insufficient adaptability of the transmission system and high energy consumption in mountainous and mining operations. If a single-motor wheel-side drive is used, the single motor needs to consider too many working conditions. A single motor drive cannot meet the high torque power output requirements under heavy loads. It is necessary to use a single high-torque, low-speed drive motor, combined with a fixed speed ratio reduction device. This will result in problems such as large weight of the electric drive system, high manufacturing cost, and insufficient power performance at medium and high speeds. If a multi-motor wheel-side drive is used, the power confluence structure is complex. The gearbox assembly is large, complex in structure, inefficient, has mismatched speed ratios, and high manufacturing and maintenance costs. Multi-speed gearboxes are not suitable for electric mining loaders because of their many gears and high cost. Moreover, although multi-speed gearboxes improve the power performance of the vehicle at medium and high speeds, they will still cause power interruption due to frequent gear shifting and reduce comfort. Utility Model Content

[0003] The four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure provided by this utility model improves the power density of the drive wheel torque, meets the demand for high torque power output, adapts to the extreme heavy-load working conditions of mining loaders, realizes power redundancy and dynamic distribution, so as to take into account the power requirements of various working conditions, improve the adaptability to complex terrain, and achieve the best match between the power performance and economy of the whole vehicle.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure includes a gearbox and a planetary gear set connected to the gearbox and outputting power to the drive wheels. The gearbox comprises: a first motor, an input shaft connected to the first motor, a second motor, an input shaft connected to the second motor, a third motor, an input shaft connected to the third motor, a fourth motor, an input shaft connected to the fourth motor, a compound constant mesh gear shaft first meshing with input shafts one and two respectively, a compound constant mesh gear shaft second meshing with input shafts three and four respectively, a two-speed transmission mechanism connecting the compound constant mesh gear shafts one and two and having a two-speed transmission function, and an output component meshing with the two-speed transmission mechanism. Input shafts one, two, three, and four are arranged in parallel sequence. The sun gear of the planetary gear set is connected to the output component. The planet carrier is fixed to the gearbox housing, and the ring gear is fixed to the drive wheels.

[0006] Preferably, the two-speed transmission mechanism includes an intermediate shaft one coaxially aligned with the compound constant meshing shaft and an intermediate shaft two coaxially aligned with the compound constant meshing shaft two. Shifting components are respectively mounted on intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two. The shifting component on intermediate shaft one is connected to the compound constant meshing shaft one, and the shifting component on intermediate shaft two is connected to the compound constant meshing shaft two. Intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two are respectively engaged with the output component.

[0007] Preferably, shift gears are fixed on intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two respectively. The shift assembly includes a shift sleeve that is slidably mounted on the shift gear along the axial direction, a first-gear drive gear that is rotatably mounted on intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two, a second-gear drive gear fixed on compound constant mesh gear shaft one and compound constant mesh gear shaft two, and driven gear shafts that mesh with the first-gear drive gear and the second-gear drive gear respectively. The first-gear drive gear shaft and the second-gear drive gear are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the shift sleeve. The shift sleeve moves to the right to engage with the first-gear drive gear and moves to the left to engage with the second-gear drive gear. The outer diameter of the first-gear drive gear is larger than the outer diameter of the second-gear drive gear.

[0008] Preferably, a first-gear driven gear that meshes with a first-gear driving gear and a second-gear driven gear that meshes with a second-gear driving gear are fixed on the driven gear shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two are respectively fixed with output gear one, and the output shaft assembly includes an output shaft and an output gear two fixed on the output shaft and meshing with output gear one. The outer diameter of output gear two is larger than the outer diameter of output gear one, and the output shaft is coaxially fixed with the sun gear.

[0010] Preferably, the driven gear shaft, compound constant mesh shaft one, and compound constant mesh shaft two are all hollow shafts. The output shaft passes through the driven gear shaft, intermediate shaft one passes through compound constant mesh gear shaft one, and intermediate shaft two passes through compound constant mesh gear shaft two. Intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two are symmetrically distributed with the output shaft as the center.

[0011] Preferably, a first planetary gear that meshes with the sun gear and a second planetary gear that meshes with the ring gear and has an outer diameter smaller than the first planetary gear are fixed on the planetary gear shaft of the planetary carrier, and the ring gear is supported outside the gearbox housing by bearings.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] This utility model discloses a four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure. A compound constant mesh gear shaft one couples the power of motor one and motor two; a compound constant mesh gear shaft two couples the power of motor three and motor four; a two-speed transmission assembly couples the power of compound constant mesh gear shaft one and compound constant mesh gear shaft two, and through gear shifting, forms two power transmission output shaft assemblies with different speeds and torques. The output shaft assembly transmits the power to a planetary gear set, and after reduction and torque amplification by the planetary gear set, it drives the drive wheels, thus achieving drive. The power of the four motors is first coupled by compound constant mesh gear shaft one and compound constant mesh gear shaft two, then coupled a second time by the two-speed transmission mechanism, and further reduced by the planetary gear set, forming a low-speed, high-torque configuration. Driven by increasing the power density of the drive wheel torque, it breaks through the power density limitation of a single motor, meets the demand for high torque power output, adapts to the extreme heavy-load conditions of mining loaders, and can adjust the number of motors starting and the gears of the two-speed transmission mechanism in the four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure according to the load and operating conditions of the mining loader, realizing power redundancy and dynamic distribution to take into account the power requirements of various working conditions, realize the switching between low-speed high torque and high-speed energy-saving modes, and make the motor work in the high-efficiency range. Under extreme working conditions such as heavy-load climbing and muddy roads, it performs vector control of the torque of each drive wheel, realizes electronic differential, improves the adaptability to complex terrain, and achieves the best match between the power and economy of the whole vehicle.

[0014] Shifting components are respectively installed on intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two. The power on the compound constant mesh shaft one is transmitted to intermediate shaft one, and the power on the compound constant mesh shaft two is transmitted to intermediate shaft two. Intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two couple the power to the output shaft assembly. During the shifting process, the two sets of shifting components shift gears sequentially to ensure the continuity of power during shifting, avoid the risk of power interruption, reduce the power shock caused by the synchronous shifting of the two sets of shifting components, improve shifting smoothness, and improve the safety of continuous vehicle operation under heavy load conditions.

[0015] By forming a wheel-side drive structure that is coaxially aligned with the wheel, the axial dimension of the wheel-side drive structure is effectively reduced. Furthermore, by utilizing the compact structural characteristics of the planetary gear set, the overall volume of the wheel-side drive structure is reduced, thereby lowering the requirements of the wheel-side drive structure for wheel-side installation space. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission of the four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure for first-gear power output.

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the four-motor coupled wheel-side drive system when forming a second-gear power output. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following is combined Figures 1-3 The embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below.

[0020] A four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure includes a gearbox and a planetary gear set connected to the gearbox and outputting power to the drive wheel. The gearbox comprises: a motor 1, an input shaft 5 connected to the motor 1, a motor 2, an input shaft 6 connected to the motor 2, a motor 3, an input shaft 7 connected to the motor 3, a motor 4, an input shaft 8 connected to the motor 4, a compound constant mesh gear shaft 9 meshing with input shaft 5 and input shaft 2, a compound constant mesh gear shaft 10 meshing with input shaft 7 and input shaft 4, a two-speed transmission mechanism 11 connecting the compound constant mesh gear shaft 9 and the compound constant mesh gear shaft 2, and an output assembly 12 meshing with the two-speed transmission mechanism 11. Input shafts 5, 2, 6, 3, 7, and 4 are arranged in parallel sequence. The sun gear 13 of the planetary gear set is connected to the output assembly 12. The planet carrier 14 is fixed to the gearbox housing, and the ring gear 15 is fixed to the drive wheel 100.

[0021] The four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure described above uses a compound constant mesh gear shaft 9 to couple the power of motor 1 and motor 2, and a compound constant mesh gear shaft 10 to couple the power of motor 3 and motor 4. A two-speed transmission assembly 11 couples the power of compound constant mesh gear shaft 9 and compound constant mesh gear shaft 10, and through gear shifting, forms two power transmission output shaft assemblies with different speeds and torques. The output shaft assembly 12 transmits the power to the planetary gear set, and after reduction and torque amplification by the planetary gear set, it drives the drive wheel, thus achieving drive. The power of the four motors is first coupled by compound constant mesh gear shaft 1 and compound constant mesh gear shaft 2, and second coupled by the two-speed transmission mechanism, with the planetary gear set further reducing speed. This system forms a low-speed, high-torque drive, increases the power density of the drive wheel torque, breaks through the power density limitation of a single motor, meets the demand for high-torque power output, adapts to the extreme heavy-load conditions of mining loaders, and can adjust the number of motors starting and the gears of the two-speed transmission mechanism in the four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure according to the load and operating conditions of the mining loader, to achieve power redundancy and dynamic distribution, so as to take into account the power requirements of various working conditions, realize the switching between low-speed, high-torque and high-speed energy-saving modes, and make the motor work in the high-efficiency range. In extreme working conditions such as heavy-load climbing and muddy roads, vector control of the torque of each drive wheel is performed to realize electronic differential, improve the adaptability of complex terrain, and achieve the best match between the power and economy of the whole vehicle.

[0022] The two-speed transmission mechanism includes an intermediate shaft 16 coaxially aligned with the compound constant meshing shaft 9 and an intermediate shaft 17 coaxially aligned with the compound constant meshing shaft 10. Shifting components 18 are respectively mounted on the intermediate shaft 16 and the intermediate shaft 17. The shifting component 15 on the intermediate shaft 16 is connected to the compound constant meshing shaft 9, and the shifting component 18 on the intermediate shaft 17 is connected to the compound constant meshing shaft 10. The intermediate shaft 16 and the intermediate shaft 17 are respectively engaged with the output component 12. The power on the compound constant meshing shaft 9 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 16 via the shift assembly 18, and the power on the compound constant meshing shaft 10 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 17. The intermediate shafts 16 and 17 couple the power to the output shaft assembly 12. During the shifting process, the two shift assemblies 18 shift gears sequentially to ensure the continuity of power during shifting, avoid the risk of power interruption, reduce the power shock caused by the synchronous shifting of the two shift assemblies, improve shifting smoothness, and improve the safety of continuous vehicle operation under heavy load conditions.

[0023] The intermediate shaft 16 and intermediate shaft 27 are respectively fixed with shift gears 19. The shift assembly 18 includes a shift sleeve 20 that is slidably mounted on the shift gear 19 along the axial direction, a first-gear drive gear 21 that is rotatably mounted on the intermediate shaft 16 and intermediate shaft 27, a second-gear drive gear 22 that is fixed on the compound constant mesh gear shaft 19 and compound constant mesh gear shaft 20, and a driven gear shaft 23 that meshes with the first-gear drive gear 21 and the second-gear drive gear 22 respectively. The first-gear drive gear shaft 21 and the second-gear drive gear 22 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the shift sleeve 20. The shift sleeve 20 moves to the right to engage with the first-gear drive gear 21 and moves to the left to engage with the second-gear drive gear 22. The outer diameter of the first-gear drive gear 21 is larger than the outer diameter of the second-gear drive gear 22. Compound constant meshing shaft 19 and compound constant meshing shaft 20 drive the second gear drive gear 22 to move, and through the driven gear shaft 23, cause the first gear drive gear 21 to move synchronously. In the initial state, the shift sleeve 20 is in the neutral position between the first gear drive gear 21 and the second gear drive gear 22 and is not engaged with either of them. When the shift sleeve 20 moves to the right and engages with the first gear drive gear 21, the first gear 21 will drive the intermediate shaft 16 and intermediate shaft 27 to move synchronously. The intermediate shaft 16 and intermediate shaft 27 drive the output shaft assembly 12 to move, and the output shaft assembly 12 transmits power to the planetary gear set, driving the drive wheel 100 to move, forming the first gear power output. When the shift sleeve 20 moves to the left and engages with the second gear drive gear 22, the second gear 11 will drive the intermediate shaft 16 and intermediate shaft 27 to move synchronously. Intermediate shaft 16 and intermediate shaft 2 17 drive the output shaft assembly 12 to move. The output shaft assembly 12 transmits power to the planetary gear set, driving the drive wheel 100 to move, forming a two-speed power output. The two-speed power with different speeds and torques is transmitted to intermediate shaft 1 and intermediate shaft 2 through the shift assembly. Then, the output shaft assembly 12 couples the power of intermediate shaft 16 and intermediate shaft 2 17 and transmits it to the planetary gear set, realizing two-speed drive of the drive wheel, reducing the number of gears in the gearbox and simplifying the gearbox structure. It can also adjust the number of motors starting in the four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure and the gears of the two-speed transmission mechanism according to the load and operating conditions of the mining loader, realizing power redundancy and dynamic distribution, so as to take into account the power requirements of various working conditions and realize the switching between low-speed high torque and high-speed energy-saving modes.

[0024] The driven gear shaft 23 has a first-gear driven gear 24 meshing with the first-gear driving gear 21 and a second-gear driven gear 25 meshing with the second-gear master gear 22. Through the meshing of the first-gear driven gear 24 and the second-gear driven gear 25 on the driven gear shaft 23 with the first-gear driving gear 21 and the second-gear driving gear 22 respectively, the first-gear driving gear 21 and the second-gear driving gear 22 are connected. The first-gear driving gear 21 and the second-gear driving gear 22 are synchronously driven as the compound constant mesh shaft 19 and the compound constant mesh shaft 20 rotate. The shift sleeve 20 engages with the first-gear driving gear 21 or the second-gear master gear 22, transmitting the power of the compound constant mesh shaft 19 to the intermediate shaft 16, and the power of the compound constant mesh shaft 10 to the intermediate shaft 27.

[0025] The intermediate shaft 16 and intermediate shaft 17 are respectively fixed with an output gear 26. The output shaft assembly 12 includes an output shaft 27 and an output gear 28 fixed on the output shaft 27 and meshing with the output gear 26. The outer diameter of the output gear 28 is larger than the outer diameter of the output gear 26. The output shaft 27 is coaxially fixed with the sun gear 13. Through the meshing of the output gear 26 and the output gear 28, the power on the intermediate shaft 16 and intermediate shaft 17 is coupled to the output shaft 27 and transmitted to the sun gear 13.

[0026] The driven gear shaft 23, the compound constant mesh shaft 9, and the compound constant mesh shaft 10 are all hollow shafts. The output shaft 27 passes through the driven gear shaft 23, the intermediate shaft 16 passes through the compound constant mesh shaft 9, and the intermediate shaft 17 passes through the compound constant mesh shaft 10. The intermediate shafts 16 and 17 are symmetrically distributed with the output shaft 27 as the center. The output shaft 27 is located in the middle, and the intermediate shafts 16 and 17 are symmetrically arranged on both sides. The driven gear shaft 23 is coaxially arranged outside the output shaft 27. This effectively reduces the axial connection size between the output shaft 27 and the shift assembly 18, thereby shortening the axial size of the entire drive structure and forming a rotary symmetrical structure centered on the output shaft 27. This allows the drive structure and the drive wheel to be coaxially aligned, improving the stability of the drive wheel during operation.

[0027] In this configuration, planetary gear 29, which meshes with sun gear 13, and planetary gear 30, which meshes with ring gear 15 and has an outer diameter smaller than planetary gear 29, are fixed on the planetary gear shaft of planetary carrier 14. Ring gear 15 is supported outside the gearbox housing by bearings. Planetary gear 29 meshes with sun gear 13 and rotates synchronously with sun gear 13, thereby driving the planetary gear shaft on planetary carrier 14 to rotate, causing planetary gear 30 to rotate synchronously. Planetary gear 30 drives ring gear 14 to rotate, thereby driving drive wheel 100 to rotate synchronously. The arrangement of planetary gear 29 and planetary gear 30 allows the planetary gear set to use ring gear 14 as the power output end, and can effectively increase the speed ratio of the planetary gear set, improve the reduction and torque increase characteristics, and adapt to the high torque drive requirements under heavy load conditions. The gear ring 8 is supported outside the gearbox housing by bearings, which improves the support reliability and stability of the gear ring 8, forms a wheel-side drive structure that is coaxially aligned with the wheel, effectively reduces the axial dimension of the wheel-side drive structure, and utilizes the compact structure characteristics of the planetary gear set to reduce the volume of the entire wheel-side drive structure and reduce the requirements of the wheel-side drive structure for wheel-side installation space.

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model have been fully described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure, comprising a gearbox and a planetary gear set connected to the gearbox and outputting power to the drive wheels, characterized in that: The gearbox includes a motor 1, an input shaft 1 connected to the motor 1, a motor 2, an input shaft 2 connected to the motor 2, a motor 3, an input shaft 3 connected to the motor 3, a motor 4, an input shaft 4 connected to the motor 4, a compound constant mesh gear shaft 1 meshing with input shaft 1 and input shaft 2 respectively, a compound constant mesh gear shaft 2 meshing with input shaft 3 and input shaft 4 respectively, a two-speed transmission mechanism connecting compound constant mesh gear shaft 1 and compound constant mesh gear shaft 2 and having a two-speed transmission function, and an output component meshing with the two-speed transmission mechanism. Input shaft 1, input shaft 2, input shaft 3 and input shaft 4 are arranged in parallel in sequence. The sun gear of the planetary gear set is connected to the output component. The planet carrier is fixed to the gearbox housing, and the ring gear is fixed to the drive wheel.

2. The four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-speed transmission mechanism includes an intermediate shaft one coaxially aligned with the compound constant meshing shaft and an intermediate shaft two coaxially aligned with the compound constant meshing shaft two. Shifting components are respectively mounted on intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two. The shifting component on intermediate shaft one is connected to the compound constant meshing shaft one, and the shifting component on intermediate shaft two is connected to the compound constant meshing shaft two. Intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two are respectively engaged with the output component.

3. The four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A shift gear is fixed on intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two respectively. The shift assembly includes a shift sleeve that is slidably mounted on the shift gear along the axial direction, a first-gear drive gear that is rotatably mounted on intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two, a second-gear drive gear fixed on compound constant mesh gear shaft one and compound constant mesh gear shaft two, and driven gear shafts that mesh with the first-gear drive gear and the second-gear drive gear respectively. The first-gear drive gear shaft and the second-gear drive gear are respectively located on the left and right sides of the shift sleeve. The shift sleeve moves to the right to engage with the first-gear drive gear and moves to the left to engage with the second-gear drive gear. The outer diameter of the first-gear drive gear is larger than the outer diameter of the second-gear drive gear.

4. The four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driven gear shaft is fixed with a first-gear driven gear that meshes with the first-gear driving gear and a second-gear driven gear that meshes with the second-gear driving gear.

5. The four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two are respectively fixed with output gear one and output shaft assembly including output shaft and output gear two fixed on output shaft and meshing with output gear one. The outer diameter of output gear two is larger than the outer diameter of output gear one. The output shaft is fixed coaxially with sun gear.

6. The four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driven gear shaft, compound constant mesh shaft one, and compound constant mesh shaft two are all hollow shafts. The output shaft passes through the driven gear shaft, intermediate shaft one passes through compound constant mesh gear shaft one, and intermediate shaft two passes through compound constant mesh gear shaft two. Intermediate shaft one and intermediate shaft two are symmetrically distributed with the output shaft as the center.

7. The four-motor coupled wheel-side drive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Planetary gear one, which meshes with the sun gear, and planetary gear two, which meshes with the ring gear and has an outer diameter smaller than planetary gear one, are fixed on the planetary gear shaft of the planetary carrier. The ring gear is supported outside the gearbox housing by bearings.

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