Kitchen anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of biogas pretreatment equipment, in particular to kitchen anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment which comprises a crushing assembly, the crushing assembly comprises a crushing box, two crushing rollers are rotationally connected in the crushing box, a feeding pipe is arranged at the top of the crushing box in a penetrating mode, a material guiding pipe is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box, and a dewatering assembly is arranged at the output end of the material guiding pipe. The dewatering assembly comprises a dewatering box, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the top of the dewatering box, a movable rod of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the top of the dewatering box and is fixedly connected with an extrusion plate, a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the bottom of the dewatering box, a discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the right side of the dewatering box, and a loosening assembly is arranged at the discharging opening. According to the kitchen anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment, the dehydration assembly adopts a hydraulically-driven extrusion plate to mechanically extrude and dehydrate crushed kitchen waste, and the design of a drainage hole and a drainage pipe at the bottom of the dehydration box is combined, so that free moisture in materials can be quickly removed, and the anaerobic digestion environment is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of biogas pretreatment equipment, specifically to anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste. Background Technology

[0002] Anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste refers to the process of converting organic matter in kitchen waste into renewable energy under anaerobic conditions through anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion is a biochemical process that utilizes microorganisms to decompose organic matter under anaerobic conditions, and the resulting biogas mainly consists of methane and carbon dioxide. As a clean energy source, anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste not only effectively utilizes urban solid waste but also reduces greenhouse gas emissions, offering significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0003] While anaerobic digestion of food waste is an effective method for treating and utilizing organic waste, its complex composition and physical characteristics present numerous challenges. Food waste typically contains high moisture content, high oil content, and non-biodegradable substances, which may inhibit microbial activity and reduce biogas production during anaerobic digestion. Therefore, proper pretreatment of food waste before anaerobic digestion is crucial. Effective pretreatment can increase the specific surface area of ​​the material, promote microbial attachment and reproduction, and thus improve biogas production efficiency.

[0004] Currently, many pretreatment methods for food waste still suffer from low efficiency, high cost, and complex operation. Traditional cutting and mixing equipment may fail to effectively crush and uniformly mix various components, resulting in uneven material processing. In the dehydration stage, existing technologies often cannot remove excess moisture in time, leading to a poor anaerobic digestion environment and affecting digestion efficiency. Furthermore, insufficiently pretreated food waste is prone to forming sediments and producing odors during anaerobic digestion, thus affecting the normal operation of the equipment and biogas production. Therefore, designing an anaerobic biogas pretreatment system for food waste to overcome these problems and improve the anaerobic digestion efficiency of food waste has become an urgent issue to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pretreatment device for anaerobic biogas from kitchen waste to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] The anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste includes a crushing component, which includes a crushing box. Two crushing rollers are rotatably connected inside the crushing box. The two crushing rollers crush the kitchen waste fed into the crushing box. A feed pipe is provided through the top of the crushing box, through which workers feed the kitchen waste into the crushing box. A guide pipe is provided at the bottom of the crushing box, and a dewatering component is provided at the output end of the guide pipe to guide the crushed kitchen waste into the dewatering component.

[0008] The dehydration assembly includes a dehydration tank. The output end of the feed pipe passes through the left side of the dehydration tank to its interior, and is used to guide the crushed kitchen waste into the dehydration tank. A hydraulic cylinder is provided on the top of the dehydration tank. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to an external hydraulic drive system. The movable rod of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the top of the dehydration tank and is fixedly connected to a squeezing plate. The squeezing plate is driven to move up and down by the hydraulic cylinder. When the squeezing plate moves down, it can squeeze the crushed kitchen waste that has entered the dehydration tank, thereby achieving the function of squeezing and dehydration. It can quickly remove the free water in the kitchen waste and reduce the water burden that needs to be treated in subsequent processing.

[0009] A first cylinder is located on the left side of the dehydration box near the bottom. The movable rod of the first cylinder passes through the left side of the dehydration box and is fixedly connected to a push plate. The push plate is moved left and right by the first cylinder. When the crushed kitchen waste is squeezed and dehydrated, the movable rod of the first cylinder drives the push plate to move to the right. The push plate pushes the blocky kitchen waste to the right, so that the blocky kitchen waste is output from the discharge port.

[0010] A second cylinder is located at the top and near the right side of the dehydration tank. Both the first and second cylinders are externally connected to a pneumatic drive system. The moving rod of the second cylinder passes through the top of the dehydration tank and is fixedly connected to a baffle. The second cylinder drives the baffle to move up and down. When the crushed kitchen waste is squeezed and dehydrated, the hydraulic cylinder drives the squeezing plate to move up and reset. The moving rod of the second cylinder drives the baffle to move upward, opening the discharge port and thus removing the blocky kitchen waste from the dehydration tank.

[0011] The bottom of the dehydration tank has multiple drainage holes to drain the water generated during the squeezing and dehydration process. The bottom right side of the dehydration tank has a discharge port for outputting lumpy kitchen waste. The right side of the dehydration tank, located at the discharge port, has a loosening component to break up the lumpy kitchen waste, loosen the dehydrated kitchen waste, restore its permeability, and ensure the smooth operation of the subsequent anaerobic digestion process.

[0012] Preferably, the front side of the crushing box is provided with a first motor for driving one of the crushing rollers to rotate. The first motor is powered by an external power source. The rear end of the crushing roller shaft passes through the rear side of the inner wall of the crushing box and is coaxially connected with a gear. The two gears mesh and drive each other. The first motor drives one crushing roller to rotate. Under the action of the two gears, the two crushing rollers rotate relative to each other, thereby crushing the kitchen waste.

[0013] Preferably, when the movable rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fully extended, the front and rear sides of the extrusion plate are respectively in contact with the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the dehydration tank, and the left and right sides of the extrusion plate are respectively in contact with the opposite sides of the push plate and the baffle, so as to ensure that the extrusion plate effectively extrudes the crushed kitchen waste.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the dehydration tank is provided with a drain pipe, and the plurality of drain holes are all connected to the drain pipe to drain the water.

[0015] Preferably, when the movable rod of the second cylinder is fully extended, the baffle closes the discharge port; when the movable rod of the second cylinder is fully retracted, the bottom of the baffle is located above the discharge port, facilitating the opening and closing of the discharge port.

[0016] Preferably, the loosening component includes a rectangular cover fixedly connected to the right side of the dewatering tank, wherein the left side and bottom of the rectangular cover are open structures, so that the discharge port is connected to the rectangular cover.

[0017] Preferably, a rotating rod is rotatably connected between the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the rectangular cover. Multiple cutting blades are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the rotating rod. A second motor is provided on the front side of the rectangular cover to drive the rotating rod to rotate. The second motor is connected to an external power source and drives the rotating rod to rotate, thereby causing the rotating rod to drive the multiple cutting blades to rotate, thus breaking up the blocky kitchen waste.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. This anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste can efficiently and uniformly crush kitchen waste through two relatively rotating crushing rollers in the crushing component, significantly increasing the specific surface area of ​​the material and creating favorable conditions for subsequent microbial attachment and degradation, thus solving the problem of low degradation efficiency caused by uneven crushing in traditional equipment.

[0020] 2. This anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste uses a hydraulically driven extrusion plate to mechanically extrude and dehydrate the crushed kitchen waste. Combined with the drainage holes and drainage pipes at the bottom of the dehydration tank, it can quickly remove free water from the material, optimize the anaerobic digestion environment, avoid the problem of microbial activity inhibition caused by excessive moisture, and reduce the water burden of subsequent treatment.

[0021] 3. This anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste breaks up lumpy materials through the cutting blades of the loosening component after dehydration, effectively restoring the looseness and permeability of the materials, avoiding the negative impact of compaction and agglomeration on mass transfer efficiency and gas permeability during anaerobic digestion, and ensuring that the materials are evenly distributed and efficiently degraded in subsequent reactors. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall first-view structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing component structure in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dehydration component structure in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Crushing assembly; 10. Crushing box; 11. Crushing roller; 12. First motor; 13. Gear; 14. Feed pipe; 15. Guide pipe; 2. Dewatering assembly; 20. Dewatering box; 200. Drainage hole; 201. Discharge port; 21. Hydraulic cylinder; 22. Extrusion plate; 23. First cylinder; 24. Push plate; 25. Second cylinder; 26. Baffle; 27. Drainage pipe; 3. Loosening assembly; 30. Rectangular cover; 31. Rotating rod; 32. Cutting blade; 33. Second motor. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0030] Please see Figures 1-5 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0031] The anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste includes a crushing component 1, which includes a crushing box 10. Two crushing rollers 11 are rotatably connected inside the crushing box 10. The two crushing rollers 11 crush the kitchen waste fed into the crushing box 10. A feed pipe 14 is provided through the top of the crushing box 10. The operator feeds the kitchen waste into the crushing box 10 through the feed pipe 14. A guide pipe 15 is provided at the bottom of the crushing box 10. A dewatering component 2 is provided at the output end of the guide pipe 15 to guide the crushed kitchen waste into the dewatering component 2. When the dewatering component 2 is working, the crushing component 1 stops working.

[0032] The dewatering assembly 2 includes a dewatering tank 20. The output end of the feed pipe 15 passes through the left side of the dewatering tank 20 to its interior, and is used to guide the crushed kitchen waste into the dewatering tank 20. A hydraulic cylinder 21 is provided on the top of the dewatering tank 20. The hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected to an external hydraulic drive system. The movable rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 passes through the top of the dewatering tank 20 and is fixedly connected to a squeezing plate 22. The squeezing plate 22 is driven to move up and down by the hydraulic cylinder 21. When the squeezing plate 22 moves down, it can squeeze the crushed kitchen waste that has entered the dewatering tank 20, thereby achieving the function of squeezing and dewatering. It can quickly remove the free water in the kitchen waste and reduce the water burden that needs to be treated in subsequent processing.

[0033] A first cylinder 23 is located on the left side of the dehydration tank 20 near the bottom. The movable rod of the first cylinder 23 passes through the left side of the dehydration tank 20 and is fixedly connected to a push plate 24. The first cylinder 23 drives the push plate 24 to move left and right. When the crushed kitchen waste is squeezed and dehydrated, the movable rod of the first cylinder 23 drives the push plate 24 to move to the right. The push plate 24 pushes the blocky kitchen waste to the right, so that the blocky kitchen waste is output from the discharge port 201.

[0034] A second cylinder 25 is located at the top and near the right side of the dehydration tank 20. Both the first cylinder 23 and the second cylinder 25 are externally connected to a pneumatic drive system. The moving rod of the second cylinder 25 passes through the top of the dehydration tank 20 and is fixedly connected to a baffle 26. The second cylinder 25 drives the baffle 26 to move up and down. When the crushed kitchen waste is squeezed and dehydrated, the hydraulic cylinder 21 drives the squeezing plate 22 to move up and reset. The moving rod of the second cylinder 25 drives the baffle 26 to move upward, so that the discharge port 201 opens, thereby removing the blocky kitchen waste from the dehydration tank 20.

[0035] The bottom of the dewatering tank 20 has multiple drainage holes 200 to drain the water generated during the dewatering process. The bottom right side of the dewatering tank 20 has a discharge port 201 for outputting lumpy kitchen waste. The right side of the dewatering tank 20, located at the discharge port 201, has a loosening component 3 to break up the lumpy kitchen waste, loosen the dewatered kitchen waste, restore its permeability, and ensure the smooth operation of the subsequent anaerobic digestion process.

[0036] In this embodiment, a first motor 12 for driving one of the crushing rollers 11 to rotate is provided on the front side of the crushing box 10. The first motor 12 is powered by an external power source. The rear end of the shaft of the crushing roller 11 passes through the rear side of the inner wall of the crushing box 10 and is coaxially connected to a gear 13. The two gears 13 mesh and drive each other. The first motor 12 drives one crushing roller 11 to rotate. Under the action of the two gears 13, the two crushing rollers 11 rotate relative to each other, thereby crushing the kitchen waste.

[0037] Specifically, when the movable rod of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is fully extended, the front and rear sides of the extrusion plate 22 are in contact with the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the dehydration tank 20, respectively, and the left and right sides of the extrusion plate 22 are in contact with the opposite sides of the push plate 24 and the baffle 26, respectively, to ensure that the extrusion plate 22 effectively extrudes the crushed kitchen waste.

[0038] Furthermore, the bottom of the dehydration tank 20 is provided with a drain pipe 27, and multiple drain holes 200 are connected to the drain pipe 27 to drain water.

[0039] Furthermore, when the movable rod of the second cylinder 25 is fully extended, the baffle 26 closes the discharge port 201. When the movable rod of the second cylinder 25 is fully retracted, the bottom of the baffle 26 is located above the discharge port 201, which facilitates the opening and closing of the discharge port 201.

[0040] Furthermore, the loosening component 3 includes a rectangular cover 30 fixedly connected to the right side of the dewatering tank 20. The left side and bottom of the rectangular cover 30 are open structures, so that the discharge port 201 and the rectangular cover 30 are connected.

[0041] Furthermore, a rotating rod 31 is rotatably connected between the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the rectangular cover 30. Multiple cutting blades 32 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the rotating rod 31. A second motor 33 is provided on the front side of the rectangular cover 30 to drive the rotating rod 31 to rotate. The second motor 33 is connected to an external power source and drives the rotating rod 31 to rotate, thereby causing the rotating rod 31 to drive the multiple cutting blades 32 to rotate, thus breaking up the blocky kitchen waste.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste is in use, the operator starts the first motor 12 of the crushing component 1, which drives one of the crushing rollers 11 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of the gear 13, the two crushing rollers 11 rotate relative to each other. Then, the kitchen waste is put into the crushing box 10 of the crushing component 1 through the feed pipe 14. The two crushing rollers 11 efficiently crush the kitchen waste. The crushed material is transported to the dewatering box 20 of the dewatering component 2 through the guide pipe 15. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 21 drives the extrusion plate 22 to move downward, mechanically extruding and dewatering the material. The water generated by the extrusion is discharged through the drain hole 2 at the bottom of the dewatering box 20. 00 and drain pipe 27 are discharged; after dewatering, hydraulic cylinder 21 drives extrusion plate 22 to move upward to reset, and at the same time, second cylinder 25 drives baffle 26 to move upward to open discharge port 201. Then, first cylinder 23 pushes push plate 24 to the right to push the dewatered block material to discharge port 201. The block material then enters the rectangular cover 30 of loosening component 3. The second motor 33 drives rotating rod 31 to drive cutting blade 32 to rotate at high speed to cut and break up the block material and restore its loose state. Finally, the processed material is discharged through the opening at the bottom of rectangular cover 30 and enters the subsequent anaerobic digestion process.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for anaerobic biogas from kitchen waste, comprising a crushing component (1), characterized in that: The crushing assembly (1) includes a crushing box (10), inside which two crushing rollers (11) are rotatably connected. A feed pipe (14) is provided through the top of the crushing box (10), and a guide pipe (15) is provided at the bottom of the crushing box (10). A dewatering assembly (2) is provided at the output end of the guide pipe (15). The dewatering assembly (2) includes a dewatering box (20). The output end of the guide pipe (15) passes through the left side of the dewatering box (20) to its interior. A hydraulic cylinder (21) is provided at the top of the dewatering box (20). The movable rod of the hydraulic cylinder (21) passes through the top of the dewatering box (20) and is fixedly connected to a pressing plate (22). A first cylinder (23) is provided on the left side and near the bottom of the dehydration tank (20). The moving rod of the first cylinder (23) passes through the left side of the dehydration tank (20) and is fixedly connected to a push plate (24). A second cylinder (25) is provided on the top and near the right side of the dehydration tank (20). The moving rod of the second cylinder (25) passes through the top of the dehydration tank (20) and is fixedly connected to a baffle (26). A plurality of drainage holes (200) are provided at the bottom of the dehydration tank (20). A discharge port (201) is provided at the bottom right side of the dehydration tank (20). A loosening component (3) is provided on the right side of the dehydration tank (20) at the discharge port (201).

2. The anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the crushing box (10) is provided with a first motor (12) for driving one of the crushing rollers (11) to rotate. The rear end of the shaft of the crushing roller (11) passes through the rear side of the inner wall of the crushing box (10) and is coaxially connected with a gear (13). The two gears (13) mesh and drive each other.

3. The anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the movable rod of the hydraulic cylinder (21) is fully extended, the front and rear sides of the extrusion plate (22) are respectively attached to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the dehydration tank (20), and the left and right sides of the extrusion plate (22) are respectively attached to the opposite sides of the push plate (24) and the baffle (26).

4. The anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the dehydration tank (20) is provided with a drain pipe (27), and the multiple drain holes (200) are all connected to the drain pipe (27).

5. The anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the movable rod of the second cylinder (25) is fully extended, the baffle (26) closes the discharge port (201). When the movable rod of the second cylinder (25) is fully retracted, the bottom of the baffle (26) is above the discharge port (201).

6. The anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loose component (3) includes a rectangular cover (30) fixedly connected to the right side of the dehydration tank (20), the left side and bottom of the rectangular cover (30) being open structures.

7. The anaerobic biogas pretreatment equipment for kitchen waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: A rotating rod (31) is rotatably connected between the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the rectangular cover (30). Multiple cutting blades (32) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the rotating rod (31). A second motor (33) for driving the rotating rod (31) to rotate is provided on the front side of the rectangular cover (30).

Images