Metal hydride hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The utility model discloses a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank which comprises a tank body and further comprises a gas guide partition plate arranged in the tank body, the gas guide partition plate is provided with a gas guide pipe used for conveying hydrogen and a plurality of partition plates connected to the peripheral face of the gas guide pipe, and the two ends of the gas guide pipe extend to the top wall and the bottom wall of the tank body respectively in the axial direction of the tank body. The end, away from the gas guide pipe, of the partition plate extends to the circumferential inner wall of the tank body in the radial direction of the gas guide pipe, the other two opposite ends of the partition plate extend to the top wall and the bottom wall of the tank body in the axial direction of the tank body, and the gas guide pipe and the partition plate are jointly matched so that a plurality of longitudinal spaces can be formed in the tank body at intervals; and the hydrogen storage bed body comprises a hydrogen storage alloy layer, a metal plate and an expanded graphite plate positioned between the hydrogen storage alloy layer and the metal plate, so that the hydrogen storage bed has good heat and mass transfer performance and stable hydrogen absorption and desorption rates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology, and in particular to a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen storage technologies mainly include high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, and metal hydride hydrogen storage.

[0003] Solid-state metal hydride hydrogen storage technology, which uses metal alloys as the hydrogen storage medium, has advantages such as low operating pressure, high safety, high volumetric hydrogen storage density, and mild operating conditions, making it an important development direction for hydrogen storage technology. However, during the cyclic absorption and desorption of hydrogen, the hydrogen storage medium of metal hydride hydrogen storage will continuously pulverize into fine powder particles, which tend to accumulate at the bottom of the hydrogen storage container under the influence of gravity, leading to a deterioration in heat and mass transfer performance and thus a slower absorption and desorption rate. In addition, the accumulated fine powder will expand during the hydrogen absorption process, generating significant stress on the walls of the hydrogen storage container, which may cause deformation or even rupture in severe cases, ultimately leading to safety accidents. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank that ensures good heat and mass transfer performance as well as stable hydrogen absorption and desorption rates.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank, including a tank body and a gas guiding baffle disposed within the tank body. The gas guiding baffle has a gas guiding pipe for conveying hydrogen and multiple baffles connected to the outer circumferential surface of the gas guiding pipe. Both ends of the gas guiding pipe extend axially along the tank body to the top and bottom walls of the tank body, respectively. One end of the baffle opposite to the gas guiding pipe extends radially along the gas guiding pipe to the circumferential inner wall of the tank body, and the other two opposite ends extend axially along the tank body to the top and bottom walls of the tank body, respectively. The gas guiding pipe and the baffles cooperate to create multiple longitudinal spaces within the tank body. A multi-layer hydrogen storage bed is disposed within each longitudinal space, and the hydrogen storage bed includes a hydrogen storage alloy layer, a metal plate, and an expanded graphite disk located between the hydrogen storage alloy layer and the metal plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the air guide pipe is a steel pipe, and the circumferential wall of the steel pipe has a plurality of first air holes; the partition plate is a copper plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the steel pipe is 4-10 mm, and the thickness of the copper plate is 5-8 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, multiple baffles are arranged in a ring at equal intervals around the air guide pipe; and / or, the air guide pipe is located at the center of the tank body.

[0010] Furthermore, the metal plate is arc-shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the metal plate is 0.3 to 0.5 mm; the metal plate has a plurality of equally spaced second air holes, the diameter of which is 2 to 5 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the metal plate is an aluminum metal plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a copper metal plate, or a copper alloy plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the expanded graphite disk has a loose, porous, worm-like structure and a thickness of 1–2 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage alloy layer is a rare earth-based AB5 type hydrogen storage alloy layer, a titanium-based AB2 type hydrogen storage alloy layer, a titanium-based AB type hydrogen storage alloy layer, or a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy layer; the powder particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy layer is 0.1-1 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the tank body is a seamless aluminum alloy tank body or a seamless stainless steel tank body; the outer diameter of the tank body is 60-100mm, and its wall thickness is 3-5mm; a cap is fixedly connected to the top of the tank body, and a valve is installed on the cap; a filter head is provided inside the cap.

[0016] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The gas guide baffle divides the inner cavity of the tank into multiple longitudinal spaces, and the metal plate further separates the hydrogen storage alloy layer within the same longitudinal space. By circulating the hydrogen storage alloy layer, the expanded graphite disk, and the metal plate, the heat transfer effect of the hydrogen storage bed can be effectively improved. It can also prevent the fine powder formed by the hydrogen storage alloy layer during hydrogen absorption and desorption from depositing at the bottom of the tank, and reduce the local stress generated by the hydrogen storage alloy layer during hydrogen absorption and expansion, thereby improving the safety of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0018] In addition, the gas guide plate and the hydrogen storage alloy layer can be in full contact, which can also improve the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank in the embodiment.

[0020] Figure 2 The image shown is a cross-sectional view of the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank in the embodiment.

[0021] Figure 3The diagram shown is a partially enlarged view of the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank in the embodiment.

[0022] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic of the air guide baffle in the embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of the present invention and are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments, and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementations and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0024] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank (hereinafter referred to as a hydrogen storage tank) for storing hydrogen.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hydrogen storage tank in this embodiment includes a tank body 7, a cap 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the tank body 7, a valve 1 is mounted on the cap 2, and a filter head is provided inside the cap 2.

[0027] The hydrogen storage tank in this embodiment also includes a gas guide baffle 3 disposed inside the tank body 7, specifically, as shown in the example below. Figure 4 The gas guide baffle 3 shown has a gas guide pipe 31 for conveying hydrogen and three baffles 32 connected to the outer peripheral surface of the gas guide pipe 31. The upper and lower ends of the gas guide pipe 31 extend along the axial direction of the tank body 7 to the top wall 71 and the bottom wall 72 of the tank body 7, respectively, and the gas guide pipe 31 can connect to the valve 1. The baffles 32 extend radially from the outer end of the gas guide pipe 31 to the circumferential inner wall 73 of the tank body 7, and the other opposite upper and lower ends of the baffles 32 extend along the axial direction of the tank body 7 to the top wall 71 and the bottom wall 72 of the tank body 7, respectively.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas guide pipe 31 and the baffle 32 work together to create three longitudinal spaces 74 within the tank 7, and each longitudinal space 74 is equipped with a multi-layer hydrogen storage bed 100, such as... Figure 3 The hydrogen storage bed 100 shown includes a hydrogen storage alloy layer 4, a metal plate 6, and an expanded graphite disk 5 located between the hydrogen storage alloy layer 4 and the metal plate 6.

[0029] In this embodiment, the tank 7 is a seamless aluminum alloy tank or a seamless stainless steel tank. The total height of the tank 7 is 400mm, the thickness of the partition 32 is 5-8mm, and the powder particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 4 is 0.1-1mm.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, three baffles 32 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals around the gas guide pipe 31, which is located at the center of the tank body 7. Multiple hydrogen storage beds 100 are stacked along the axial direction of the tank body 7 in each longitudinal space 74 to ensure that the hydrogen storage beds 100 are evenly distributed in the tank body 7 and are tightly fitted with the gas guide baffles 3 respectively. The hydrogen storage alloy layer 4, the expanded graphite disk 5 and the metal plate 6 of each hydrogen storage bed 100 are arranged in a cyclical manner. That is, the metal plate 6 is first placed on the bottom wall 72 of the tank body 7, then the expanded graphite disk 5 is placed on top of the metal plate 6, and finally the hydrogen storage alloy layer 4 is placed on top of the expanded graphite disk 5. This cyclical arrangement ensures that multiple hydrogen storage beds 100 are evenly distributed in each longitudinal space 74.

[0031] More specifically, the gas guide pipe 31 is a stainless steel pipe, and the circumferential wall of the gas guide pipe 31 has multiple first gas holes 311 to facilitate the flow of hydrogen. The partition plate 32 is a copper plate, and the gas guide partition plate 3 is made by welding three partition plates 32 to the outer wall of a stainless steel pipe.

[0032] The metal plate 6 is made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper or copper alloy, and has multiple equally spaced second pores to facilitate the flow of hydrogen.

[0033] The expanded graphite disk 5 has a loose, porous, worm-like structure and a thickness of 1 mm. It is formed by pressing expanded graphite worms, which not only ensures good heat and mass transfer performance but also provides good buffering and can absorb some of the stress generated by the expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy powder due to hydrogen absorption. Of course, in other embodiments, the thickness of the expanded graphite disk 5 can also be selected in the range of 1 to 2 mm.

[0034] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage alloy layer 4 can be a rare earth-based AB5 type hydrogen storage alloy layer, a titanium-based AB2 type hydrogen storage alloy layer, a titanium-based AB type hydrogen storage alloy layer, or a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy layer, which will not be described in detail here.

[0035] The inner cavity of the tank 7 is divided into multiple longitudinal spaces 74 by the gas guide baffle 3, and the hydrogen storage alloy layer 4 in the same longitudinal space 74 is further separated by the metal plate 6. By circulating the hydrogen storage alloy layer 4, the expanded graphite disk 5 and the metal plate 6, the heat transfer effect of the hydrogen storage bed 100 can be effectively improved. It can also prevent the fine powder formed by the hydrogen storage alloy layer 4 during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process from depositing at the bottom of the tank, and reduce the local stress generated by the hydrogen storage alloy layer 4 during hydrogen absorption and expansion, thereby improving the safety of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0036] In addition, the gas guide plate 3 and the hydrogen storage alloy layer 4 can be in full contact, which can also improve the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate and stability.

[0037] In summary, the hydrogen storage tank in this embodiment has a simple structure, stable hydrogen absorption and desorption rates, and good heat and mass transfer effects.

[0038] Of course, in other embodiments, the number of partitions 32 may be 2, 4 or other, and a corresponding number of longitudinal spaces 74 may be provided.

[0039] More preferably, the metal plate 6 is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the second vent can be selected within the range of 2 to 5 mm. For example, if a second vent with a diameter of 2 mm is used, the heat transfer efficiency in the hydrogen storage tank can be further improved, thereby increasing the hydrogen absorption and release rate and its utilization efficiency.

[0040] In this specific embodiment, the outer diameter of the tank 7 can be selected in the range of 60 to 100 mm, and its wall thickness can be selected in the range of 3 to 5 mm. Therefore, the outer diameter of the tank 7 used in this embodiment is 80 mm, and its wall thickness is 5 mm.

[0041] The outer diameter of the air duct 31 is 4 mm, and the thickness of the metal plate 6 is 0.3 mm.

[0042] The filter head inside the end cap 2 is a metal tubular structure processed by powder metallurgy. Its diameter is 8-15mm and its porosity is 1-5μm. This enables the rapid input and output of hydrogen, as well as the filtration effect of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. It also prevents the hydrogen storage alloy powder from flowing out with the gas flow when releasing hydrogen, thus avoiding a decrease in the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0043] Of course, in other embodiments, the outer diameter of the air duct 31 can also be selected in the range of 4mm to 10mm.

[0044] Furthermore, the thickness of metal plate 6 can also be selected within the range of 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

[0045] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims, and all such changes shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal hydride hydrogen storage tank, comprising a tank body, characterized in that: It also includes a gas guide baffle disposed inside the tank; The gas guide baffle has a gas guide pipe for conveying hydrogen and a plurality of baffles connected to the outer circumferential surface of the gas guide pipe; both ends of the gas guide pipe extend axially to the top wall and bottom wall of the tank body, respectively; one end of the baffle opposite to the gas guide pipe extends radially to the inner circumferential wall of the tank body, and the other two opposite ends extend axially to the top wall and bottom wall of the tank body, respectively; the gas guide pipe and the baffle cooperate to create a plurality of longitudinal spaces within the tank body; The longitudinal space is provided with a multi-layer hydrogen storage bed, and the hydrogen storage bed includes a hydrogen storage alloy layer, a metal plate, and an expanded graphite disk located between the hydrogen storage alloy layer and the metal plate.

2. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide pipe is a steel pipe, and the circumferential wall of the steel pipe has multiple first air holes; the partition plate is a copper plate.

3. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the steel pipe is 4-10 mm, and the thickness of the copper plate is 5-8 mm.

4. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Multiple baffles are arranged in a ring at equal intervals around the air guide pipe; and / or, the air guide pipe is located at the center of the tank body.

5. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The metal plate is in the shape of an arc.

6. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal plate has a thickness of 0.3 to 0.5 mm; the metal plate has a plurality of equally spaced second air holes, the diameter of which is 2 to 5 mm.

7. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal plate is an aluminum metal plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a copper metal plate, or a copper alloy plate.

8. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The expanded graphite disk has a loose, porous, worm-like structure and a thickness of 1–2 mm.

9. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage alloy layer is a rare earth-based AB5 type hydrogen storage alloy layer, a titanium-based AB2 type hydrogen storage alloy layer, a titanium-based AB type hydrogen storage alloy layer, or a magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy layer; the powder particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy layer is 0.1-1 mm.

10. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The tank body is a seamless aluminum alloy tank body or a seamless stainless steel tank body; the outer diameter of the tank body is 60-100mm, and its wall thickness is 3-5mm; a cap is fixed to the top of the tank body, and a valve is installed on the cap; a filter head is installed inside the cap.

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