Monitoring and alarming device for cable duct bank or small comprehensive pipe gallery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of cable duct bank and small comprehensive pipe gallery monitoring, in particular to a cable duct bank or small comprehensive pipe gallery monitoring and alarming device. Comprising a data analysis device and a detection device, and the detection device is composed of a well lid opening and closing grating sensor, a liquid level grating sensor, a settlement monitoring grating sensor, a temperature monitoring grating sensor and the like. The data analysis device is connected with various detection devices arranged in a calandria working well or a small comprehensive pipe gallery through optical fibers, can read real-time data of the detection devices in real time, and uploads the data to the system management platform through a bus; therefore, the opening and closing state of the well lid in the working well, the temperature of the cable connector, the sedimentation of the working well and the water level state of the working well are monitored in real time, and real-time alarm is given for abnormal conditions. According to the utility model, monitoring of the cable duct bank or the small comprehensive pipe gallery is realized by using the detection device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of monitoring technology for cable ducts and small integrated utility tunnels, and in particular to a monitoring and alarm device for cable ducts or small integrated utility tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, cable ducts and small-scale integrated utility tunnels, as important carriers of urban underground pipelines, are experiencing continuous expansion in construction scale. However, due to the generally limited space and power supply conditions of these facilities, existing monitoring and alarm technologies are difficult to apply directly. Currently, most cable ducts and small-scale integrated utility tunnels lack real-time monitoring, relying solely on manual inspections or simple mechanical monitoring devices, which has the following significant drawbacks:

[0003] Current technologies lack the ability to monitor key parameters such as the opening and closing status of manhole covers, cable joint temperatures, manhole liquid levels, and civil engineering settlement. For example, it is difficult to detect and warn of illegal opening of manhole covers or overheating of cable joints in a timely manner, leading to frequent accidents such as fires, flooding, and equipment damage, posing significant safety hazards. Existing monitoring methods cannot accurately locate fault points; for example, when abnormal liquid levels or settlement occur, maintenance personnel need to spend a lot of time tracing the specific location, delaying emergency response efficiency. Existing monitoring devices are mostly single-function devices, making it difficult to integrate multi-parameter monitoring and flexibly expand the number of sensors or work in conjunction with other management systems, failing to meet the needs of dynamically growing urban pipe networks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated monitoring device that can monitor multiple parameters and has fault location and intelligent alarm functions. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the above issues, this invention proposes a monitoring and alarm device for cable ducts or small integrated utility tunnels. Through a grating-based sensor, it achieves real-time monitoring of manhole cover status, liquid level, settlement, and temperature. Combined with a data analysis device and a system management platform, it constructs a low-cost, highly reliable, and easily expandable intelligent monitoring system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solutions were adopted:

[0006] A monitoring and alarm device for cable ducts or small integrated utility tunnels includes:

[0007] Manhole cover opening and closing grating sensor is used to monitor the opening and closing status of manhole covers in cable ducts or small integrated pipe corridors in real time;

[0008] Liquid level grating sensor is used to monitor the liquid level in cable duct wells or small integrated pipe gallery sump in real time;

[0009] Settlement monitoring grating sensors are used to monitor the civil settlement of cable duct manholes or small integrated pipe corridors in real time.

[0010] Temperature grating sensor is used to monitor the temperature of power cable joints in cable ducts or small integrated pipe corridors in real time;

[0011] The data analysis device is connected via optical fiber to the well cover opening and closing grating sensor, liquid level grating sensor, sedimentation monitoring grating sensor, and temperature grating sensor. It is used to receive and analyze the data from each sensor and upload it via a bus.

[0012] Furthermore, the manhole cover opening and closing grating sensor includes a top cap, a compression spring, a tray, a cantilever beam, and a sensing grating; when the manhole cover is opened or closed, the top cap is subjected to force, which drives the tray to move through the compression spring. The tray lifts one side of the cantilever beam, causing the sensing grating to deform, thereby determining the state of the manhole cover through wavelength changes.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid level grating sensor includes a grating sensitive element, a first transparent liquid storage cylinder, and a float; the first transparent liquid storage cylinder is placed in a sump, and when the liquid level changes, the float causes the grating sensitive element to experience a change in force, and the data analysis device calculates the liquid level height through the wavelength change.

[0014] Furthermore, the sedimentation monitoring grating sensor includes two levels connected by a liquid flow pipe, used to calculate the uneven sedimentation difference by means of changes in the grating wavelength.

[0015] Furthermore, the temperature grating sensor includes a grating structure for writing ultraviolet light into an optical fiber, which is used to obtain temperature information by means of temperature modulation of the grating wavelength.

[0016] Furthermore, the system management platform includes:

[0017] It includes an information sharing module, which connects to the operation and maintenance unit's system via an industrial bus interface to share monitoring data so that operation and maintenance personnel can obtain operational status information;

[0018] The fault prediction, alarm and location module is used to monitor cable joint temperature, manhole cover status, water level and settlement through various sensors to achieve fault prediction, alarm and location.

[0019] The online diagnostic module is used to display the sensor's operating status in real time and to provide an alarm for the location of sensor open circuits.

[0020] The threshold setting alarm module is used to set the sensor alarm threshold. When the monitored data exceeds the threshold, it triggers an audible and visual alarm, displays the fault location, and notifies relevant personnel.

[0021] The data query and modification module is used by users to query monitoring data, modify monitoring point parameters, and combine map display with querying monitoring point details.

[0022] Expansion modules are used to add sensors or upgrade functional modules, and to integrate and work collaboratively with other related systems.

[0023] Furthermore, the operation method of the fault prediction alarm and location module is as follows:

[0024] The temperature monitoring grating sensor collects the temperature data of the cable joint in real time and transmits the data to the data analysis device, which then uploads it to the system management platform.

[0025] The platform analyzes continuously collected temperature data based on preset temperature change trends, and triggers the fault prediction function when the temperature change reaches the conditions for predicting a fault.

[0026] Once the temperature of the cable joint exceeds the set alarm threshold, the fault prediction alarm and location module generates an alarm message. At the same time, based on the sensor location information, it determines the location of the overheating and pushes the alarm message and location information to the monitoring interface for display.

[0027] The manhole cover opening and closing grating sensor, liquid level grating sensor, and settlement monitoring grating sensor collect corresponding data according to their respective monitoring principles. The data processing and alarm location process is the same as that for temperature monitoring.

[0028] Furthermore, the operation method of the threshold setting alarm module is as follows:

[0029] Upload the alarm threshold corresponding to each sensor through the system management platform's operation interface;

[0030] The threshold setting alarm module stores the threshold values ​​of each sensor in the system database;

[0031] The monitoring data uploaded by the data analysis device is compared in real time with the thresholds stored in the database;

[0032] When the monitored data exceeds the threshold, the audible and visual alarm device is triggered, the fault location is displayed, and an alarm notification is sent through the automatic call system based on the pre-entered contact information of relevant personnel.

[0033] Correspondingly, this utility model also includes an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of each module in the system management platform.

[0034] Correspondingly, this utility model also includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of each module in the system management platform.

[0035] This utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0036] This invention, based on grating sensors, utilizes grating sensors for manhole cover opening / closing, liquid level, settlement, and temperature to achieve comprehensive real-time monitoring of manhole cover status, water level, civil engineering settlement, and cable joint temperature, solving the problem of missing key parameter monitoring in existing technologies. The sensors require no external power supply, transmitting signals solely through optical fiber, significantly reducing construction and maintenance costs, and are particularly suitable for cable ducts or small integrated utility tunnels without a stable power supply.

[0037] The fault prediction alarm and location module of the system management platform can accurately locate the specific location of cable joint overheating, illegal opening of manhole cover, excessive liquid level or abnormal settlement by analyzing sensor data and location information. Combined with audible and visual alarms and automatic notification functions, it can greatly shorten the time for fault diagnosis and handling and effectively prevent the accident from escalating. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring and alarm device for cable ducts or small integrated pipe corridors in this utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the manhole cover opening and closing optical grating sensor structure in this utility model;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid level grating sensor structure in this utility model;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the settlement monitoring grating sensor structure in this utility model;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature grating sensor structure in this utility model.

[0043] Numbers in the diagram:

[0044] 1. Top cap; 2. Spring; 3. Tray; 4. Cantilever beam; 5. Fixing aluminum block; 6. Sensor housing; 7. Mounting bracket; 10. First top cover; 20. Fixing component; 30. Connecting rod; 40. Fixing ring; 50. Float; 60. First transparent liquid storage cylinder; 70. Base; 80. Chassis; 100. Second top cover; 200. Second transparent liquid storage cylinder; 300. Hook; 400. Float; 500. Base; 600. Support bolt; 700. Mounting base plate; 800. Mounting base plate; 900. Locking nut; 1000. Vent pipe; 1100. Liquid passage pipe; 1200. Fiber optic connector. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this embodiment clearer, the technical solutions of this embodiment will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this cable duct or small integrated pipe gallery monitoring and alarm device, and not all embodiments. The components of this embodiment described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 The cable duct or small integrated utility tunnel monitoring and alarm device of this utility model mainly consists of a system management platform, a data analysis device, and a detection device. The system management platform and data analysis device are typically located in the monitoring center of the cable duct or small utility tunnel. The data analysis device is connected to the detection device, which consists of a manhole cover opening / closing grating sensor, a liquid level grating sensor, a settlement monitoring grating sensor, and a temperature grating sensor, via optical fiber fusion splicing. The optical fiber is laid in the cable hole of the cable duct or in the small utility tunnel's own cable tray. The data analysis device has multi-channel characteristics, and the number of channels can be flexibly configured according to the number of sensors required by the system.

[0047] Please see Figure 2 The manhole cover opening and closing optical grating sensor consists of a top cap 1, a spring 2, a tray 3, a cantilever beam 4, a fixing aluminum block 5, a sensor housing 6, and a mounting bracket 7. During actual installation, the sensor is installed at a specific position on the manhole cover. After installation, debugging is performed to adjust the sensor's installation position and parameters, ensuring that the manhole cover accurately presses against the top cap 1 when it opens or closes. When the manhole cover opens or closes, the top cap 1 is stressed, which, through the compression spring 2, moves the tray 3 up and down. This movement of the tray 3 lifts one side of the cantilever beam 4, causing the optical grating mounted on that side of the cantilever beam 4 to deform, resulting in a change in wavelength. The monitoring center detects this change in the optical grating's wavelength to accurately determine the opening and closing status of the manhole cover, achieving real-time monitoring of the manhole cover's condition.

[0048] Please see Figure 3The liquid level grating sensor consists of a top cover 10, a fixing component 20, a connecting rod 30, a fixing ring 40, a float 50, a transparent liquid storage cylinder 60, a base 70, and a chassis 80. During installation, the liquid storage cylinder 60 is placed in a sump within a pipework well or small integrated pipe gallery. The liquid storage cylinder 60 is fixed to the side wall of the sump using the fixing component 20, connecting rod 30, and fixing ring 40. After installation, the float 50 and the grating sensing element are tested to ensure that the float 50 moves smoothly up and down when the liquid level changes, and that changes in buoyancy are accurately transmitted to the grating sensing element. Under normal conditions, the liquid storage cylinder 60 is placed in the sump. When water enters the sump, it enters through the lower inlet of the liquid storage cylinder 60, and the liquid level inside the liquid storage cylinder 60 matches the liquid level in the sump. A fiber optic grating sensor is installed at the top of the float 50. As the liquid level changes, the buoyancy of the float 50 changes, and the force acting on the grating sensing element changes. The data analysis device calculates the liquid level height based on the wavelength change corresponding to the force change sensed by the grating sensing element, thereby achieving accurate monitoring of the liquid level in the sump.

[0049] Please see Figure 4 The settlement monitoring grating sensor consists of components such as a top cover 100, a transparent liquid storage cylinder 200, a hook 300, a float 400, a base 500, support bolts 600, a mounting base plate 700, a mounting base plate 800, a locking nut 900, a vent pipe 1000, a liquid passage pipe 1100, and an optical fiber connector 1200. When installing the settlement monitoring grating sensor in a pipe well or small integrated utility tunnel, it is essential to ensure the levelness of the two levels and the sealing of the liquid passage pipe 1100 connection. After installation, adjust the initial liquid level of the levels and the parameters of the grating sensor. Based on the principle of communicating vessels, the liquid levels in the two levels connected by the liquid passage pipe 1100 are correlated and remain balanced. When settlement occurs in the pipe well or small integrated utility tunnel, causing a change in liquid level, the buoyancy of the float 400 changes, which is transmitted to the grating sensing element, causing a change in the grating wavelength. By monitoring the change in grating wavelength, the liquid level can be determined. The difference in liquid level between the two floats represents the difference in uneven settlement at the location of the two floats, thereby enabling effective monitoring of the settlement of pipe wells or small integrated pipe corridors.

[0050] Please see Figure 5The temperature grating sensor consists of components such as an optical cable 501, a capillary glass tube 502, a stainless steel tube 503, thermally conductive oil 504, a fiber optic grating 505, and adhesive 506. The fiber optic grating temperature sensor encapsulates the fiber optic grating 505 within the capillary glass tube 502, with one end fixed by adhesive and the other end freely relaxed within the tube. The capillary glass tube 502 is then protected by a stainless steel tube 503, and the middle is filled with high-temperature thermally conductive oil 504 to improve the temperature transfer rate. During installation, the temperature monitoring grating sensor employs a traditional structure where ultraviolet light is written into the grating within the optical fiber. During installation, the temperature monitoring grating sensor is installed at the cable connector or other location requiring temperature monitoring, ensuring good thermal conductivity contact between the sensor and the object being measured. After installation, the sensor is calibrated to enable the system to accurately resolve temperature values ​​based on changes in grating wavelength, achieving a temperature measurement accuracy of ±1℃ and a temperature resolution of 0.1℃. Based on the physical principle that the wavelength of a grating changes with temperature modulation, precise monitoring of the temperature of parts such as cable joints can be achieved by analyzing the wavelength change information.

[0051] The system management platform boasts a variety of functions. In terms of information sharing, it connects to the systems of cable duct or small integrated utility tunnel maintenance units via an industrial bus interface. The host computer installed in the monitoring center and networked computers can receive and automatically display relevant alarm information in real time, facilitating timely monitoring of operational status by maintenance personnel. Regarding fault prediction, alarm, and location functions, temperature monitoring grating sensors monitor cable joint temperature in real time. The system analyzes data based on preset temperature change trends to predict overheating faults in advance. When an overheating fault occurs at a cable joint, the system quickly alarms and accurately locates the overheating point, while simultaneously saving historical data to provide a basis for accident analysis. Fiber optic grating switch sensors monitor the status of manhole covers, liquid level grating sensors monitor water levels, and settlement monitoring grating sensors monitor settlement changes, ensuring comprehensive safe operation. The online diagnostic function displays the working status of each sensor in real time. When a sensor experiences an open circuit, it accurately alarms the location of the open circuit, facilitating rapid repair by maintenance personnel. The threshold-setting alarm function allows maintenance units to set different alarm thresholds for each sensor according to actual needs. When the monitored data reaches the threshold, the system triggers an audible and visual alarm device, displays the fault alarm location on the monitoring interface, and notifies relevant personnel via an automatic call system. The data query and modification function allows users to query monitoring data for any point, set and modify parameters such as warning values, alarm values, and recording accuracy for any monitoring point. When integrated with GIS or electronic maps, it can display the location information of monitoring points on the electronic map and allow users to query specific details. The expansion function allows the system to increase the number of sensors or upgrade system functional modules, and also integrates and collaborates with other related systems to achieve fully automated management.

[0052] During system installation, data parsing devices are installed at the monitoring center or centralized monitoring point, and monitoring channels, fiber optic splice boxes, and fiber optic cables are connected as required. Fiber optic cables are laid along the cable holes in the ductwork or on the self-owned cable trays of small pipe racks to each location requiring monitoring. Inside the ductwork manholes, fiber optic cables are connected via fiber optic splice boxes, and then the fiber optic cables inside the manhole are sequentially connected to each sensor. Connection methods can include fusion splicing or flange connections, ensuring secure connections and stable signal transmission.

[0053] During system operation, after system startup, the data analysis device periodically reads real-time data from various sensors and uploads the data to the system management platform via the bus. The system management platform software performs real-time data analysis, such as determining whether temperature data exceeds preset thresholds, whether liquid level data reaches dangerous levels, and whether sedimentation data changes are within normal ranges. When an anomaly is detected, an audible and visual alarm is immediately activated, and an alarm message is sent to relevant personnel via an automatic call system. Simultaneously, detailed fault locations and related data are displayed on the monitoring interface. Maintenance personnel can query data and modify sensor parameters at any time through the system operation interface, achieving efficient and intelligent monitoring and management of cable ducts or small integrated utility tunnels.

Claims

1. A monitoring and alarm device for cable ducts or small integrated utility tunnels, characterized in that, include: Manhole cover opening and closing grating sensor is used to monitor the opening and closing status of manhole covers in cable ducts or small integrated pipe corridors in real time; Liquid level grating sensor is used to monitor the liquid level in cable duct wells or small integrated pipe gallery sump in real time; Settlement monitoring grating sensors are used to monitor the civil settlement of cable duct manholes or small integrated pipe corridors in real time. Temperature grating sensor is used to monitor the temperature of power cable joints in cable ducts or small integrated pipe corridors in real time; The data analysis device is connected via optical fiber to the well cover opening and closing grating sensor, liquid level grating sensor, sedimentation monitoring grating sensor, and temperature grating sensor. It is used to receive and analyze the data from each sensor and upload it via a bus.

2. The monitoring and alarm device for cable ducts or small integrated pipe corridors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manhole cover opening and closing grating sensor includes a top cap (1), a compression spring (2), a tray (3), a cantilever beam (4), and a sensing grating. When the manhole cover is opened or closed, the top cap (1) is subjected to force and drives the tray (3) to move through the compression spring (2). The tray (3) lifts one side of the cantilever beam (4) to deform the sensing grating, thereby determining the state of the manhole cover by the change in wavelength.

3. The monitoring and alarm device for cable ducts or small integrated utility tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid level grating sensor includes a grating sensitive element, a first transparent liquid storage cylinder (60), and a float (50); the first transparent liquid storage cylinder (60) is placed in a water collection pit, and when the liquid level changes, the float (50) causes the grating sensitive element to change in force, and the data analysis device calculates the liquid level height by changing the wavelength.

4. The monitoring and alarm device for cable ducts or small integrated utility tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sedimentation monitoring grating sensor includes two levels connected by a liquid passage pipe (1100) for calculating the uneven sedimentation difference by means of changes in the grating wavelength.

5. The monitoring and alarm device for cable ducts or small integrated utility tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature grating sensor includes a grating structure for writing ultraviolet light into an optical fiber, which is used to obtain temperature information by means of temperature modulation of the grating wavelength.

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