Liquid hydrogen expansion turbine testing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a liquid hydrogen expansion turbine testing device which comprises an outer shell and an inner cylinder which are sleeved together, a closed heat insulation cavity is formed between the inner side wall of the outer shell and the outer side wall of the inner cylinder, one end of the inner cylinder extends out of one side face of the outer shell, and the other end of the inner cylinder extends out of the other side face of the outer shell. The radial side of the inner cylinder in the heat insulation cavity is communicated with one end of an air inlet pipe, an air return pipe is coaxially arranged in an inner cavity of the inner cylinder, a port of the turbo expander extends into the cavity of the inner cylinder, the butt flange edge is connected with a circumferential flange of the turbo expander, and an air outlet port in the middle of the port of the turbo expander is connected with a port of the air return pipe. During testing, low-temperature cold nitrogen is introduced into the air inlet pipe, the rotating speed, sealing performance, vibration, temperature, air pressure and the like are detected through various sensors of the turbo expander, the function result of the turbo expander is reflected, the device is simple in structure and small in occupied space, the environment of the turbo expander during low-temperature hydrogen liquefaction is achieved as much as possible, and a simple simulation testing environment is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of expander technology, specifically to a test device for a liquid hydrogen turbine expander. Background Technology

[0002] The main principle of a turbo expander is that gas inside the expander performs work on the outside under a certain pressure, consuming its internal energy and thus achieving cooling or refrigeration. When gas has a certain pressure and temperature, it generates kinetic energy. The turbo expander utilizes this kinetic energy to cool the gas. This process can be compared to pumping air into a cylinder, where the piston compresses the gas and releases heat; in a turbo expander, the process is reversed. The energy output by the turbo expander can be recovered by a coaxial compressor or consumed by a brake fan. The working process of a turbo expander can be divided into four stages: intake, expansion, exhaust, and recovery. First, airflow with a certain pressure enters the turbo machine, generating kinetic and pressure energy through the action of the blades. Then, the airflow expands on the turbine blades, causing the blades to drive the rotor to rotate, simultaneously converting heat energy into mechanical energy. Next, the airflow is discharged from the turbo expander, at which point the pressure and temperature have significantly decreased. Finally, the working fluid is recompressed through the recovery system, forming a cycle, thus achieving the desired gas state. The working principle of a turbine expander is similar to that of a steam turbine, but it is more flexible and suitable for small and medium-sized equipment. It can be used independently or in combination with other energy equipment to improve energy efficiency. As a core component for realizing its functions, the turbine expander's performance parameters during use, such as speed, sealing, vibration, temperature, and air pressure, significantly affect the expansion and cooling results of the airflow. During operation, internal sensors monitor various data and provide feedback on actual usage conditions. However, before the turbine expander is put into normal use after production, it needs to be tested to check its quality. The testing process needs to simulate the actual operating environment, but currently there is no air inlet and outlet device that can interface with the turbine expander. Furthermore, heat insulation is required to ensure similar low-temperature operating scenarios and make the test results more accurate. Currently, there is a lack of such a testing device that can simulate the actual operating environment and interface with the turbine expander. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a liquid hydrogen turbine expander testing device, which solves the problem that there is a lack of testing equipment that can be connected to the turbine expander and can simulate the actual use environment during the testing process.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A liquid hydrogen turbine expander testing device includes an outer shell and an inner cylinder fitted together. The inner cylinder is suspended within the inner cavity of the outer shell. A closed, insulated cavity exists between the inner wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the inner cylinder. One end of the inner cylinder extends from one side of the outer shell, and the outer circumference of the extended end of the inner cylinder is sealed to the side wall of the outer shell. A mating opening is provided on the outer end face of the inner cylinder extending from the outer shell, and a mating flange for fixing and installing the turbine expander is provided on the outer circumference of the mating opening. One radial side of the inner cylinder within the insulated cavity is connected to one end of an inlet pipe, and the other end of the inlet pipe extends out of the outer shell through the insulated cavity. The outer side of the inlet pipe is connected to... The outer shell and inner cylinder are sealed together. A return gas pipe is coaxially installed in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder. One end of the return gas pipe is suspended in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder and faces the docking opening. The port of the return gas pipe is positioned to connect with the outlet port of the expander, which is fixedly installed on the docking flange. The other end of the return gas pipe extends through the inner cylinder and the insulation cavity and then extends out of the outer shell. The outer side of the return gas pipe is sealed to the joint of the outer shell and the inner cylinder. During operation, the input and output ports of the turbine expander extend into the cavity of the inner cylinder from the docking opening. The docking flange is sealed to the circumferential flange of the turbine expander. The outlet port in the middle of the turbine expander is sealed to the port of the return gas pipe.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the lower part of the outer side of the outer shell is provided with a support leg with shock-absorbing pads.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the insulation cavity is a vacuum insulation chamber formed by evacuation, and a vacuum port is provided on the side wall of the insulation cavity, and a vacuum valve is provided on the vacuum port.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the inner cylinder, the return pipe, and the inlet pipe are all provided with heat insulation layers on the side walls inside the insulation cavity.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the insulation layer is formed by alternating layers of fiberglass paper and aluminum foil.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the cold air flow in the intake pipe is nitrogen gas at a temperature of -150°C to -90°C.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The inner cylinder is connected to the inlet pipe and the return pipe, serving as an airflow pipeline for testing with the turbine expander. To simulate the low-temperature environment under operating conditions and to ensure the accuracy of the test results, the inner cylinder is placed inside the insulation chamber to guarantee the insulation effect of the low-temperature cold airflow. The insulation chamber is vacuum-sealed to maximize the insulation effect. Insulation layers are attached to the side walls of the inner cylinder, return pipe, and inlet pipe inside the insulation chamber to further reduce heat loss. The outer shell is made of thick steel plate, making the overall structure stable and highly resistant to pressure. The outer shell is securely fixed with support legs to provide stable support for the turbine expander under test, reducing vibration of the turbine expander under high-speed rotation and ensuring the accuracy of the test results. During testing, cryogenic nitrogen gas is introduced to ensure safety. Various sensors on the turbine expander itself are used to detect parameters such as rotational speed, sealing performance, vibration, temperature, and gas pressure, reflecting the functional results of the turbine expander. This device has a simple structure and occupies little space, and it strives to simulate the environment of the turbine expander when using liquefied cryogenic hydrogen gas, thus achieving a simple simulated testing environment. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model in use;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figures 1-2 Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Inlet pipe; 2. Outer shell; 3. Support leg; 4. Connecting flange edge; 5. Insulation layer; 6. Vacuum port; 7. Return pipe; 8. Inlet chamber; 9. Insulation chamber; 10. Turbine expander; 11. Inner cylinder; 12. Connecting opening; 101. Outlet port; 102. Inlet port. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] See Figures 1-2The diagram shows a liquid hydrogen turbine expander testing device according to this utility model, comprising an outer shell 2 and an inner cylinder 11 fitted together. The inner cylinder 11 is suspended in the inner cavity of the outer shell 2. A closed insulating cavity 9 exists between the inner wall of the outer shell 2 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 11. One end of the inner cylinder 11 extends from one side of the outer shell 2, and the outer circumference of the extended end of the inner cylinder 11 is sealed to the side wall of the outer shell 2. A docking opening 12 is provided on the outer end face of the inner cylinder 11 extending outside the outer shell 2. A docking flange 4 for fixing and installing a turbine expander 10 is provided on the outer circumference of the docking opening 12 of the inner cylinder 11. One radial side of the inner cylinder 11 in the insulating cavity 9 is connected to one end of an inlet pipe 1. The other end of the inlet pipe 1 extends out of the outer shell 2 through the insulating cavity 9. The outer side of the inlet pipe 1 is sealed to the outer shell 2. A return pipe 7 is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 11. One end of the return pipe 7 is suspended in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 11 and faces the docking opening 12. The port of the return pipe 7 is positioned to be connected to the outlet port 101 of the expander 10, which is fixedly installed on the docking flange 4. The other end of the return pipe 7 extends through the inner cylinder and the insulation cavity 9 in sequence and then extends out of the outer shell 2. The outer side of the return pipe 7 is sealed to the junction of the outer shell 2 and the inner cylinder 11. During operation, the input and output ports of the turbine expander 10 extend from the docking opening 12 into the cavity of the inner cylinder 11. The docking flange 4 is sealed to the circumferential flange of the turbine expander 10. The outlet port 101 in the middle of the turbine expander 10 is sealed to the port of the return pipe 7. Cold air flows into the inlet pipe 1. The cold air enters the turbine expander 10 from the inlet port 102 around the end face of the turbine expander 10 and then enters the return pipe 7 from the outlet port 101 in the middle of the end face and is discharged.

[0018] Specifically, the inner cylinder 11 has an air inlet chamber 8 around the return air pipe 7. The air inlet chamber 8 is connected to the annular air inlet port 102 of the turbo expander 10. The air inlet port 102 on the end face of the turbo expander 10 corresponds to the impellers distributed in a circle. The air outlet port 101 extending from the middle of the end face of the turbo expander 10 is used to draw out the internal airflow. When the airflow drives the impeller to rotate inside the turbo expander 10, a cooling effect is achieved. The airflow is then output from the air outlet port 101. The inner cylinder 11 for air inlet and outlet is set in the insulation chamber 9 to insulate and heat the cold airflow used for testing, simulating the real use environment. The temperature and state of the cold airflow used for testing after passing through the turbo expander 10, as well as the temperature sensor, pressure sensor, speed control device, and vibration condition built into the turbo expander 10, are used to provide feedback on whether the use function of the turbo expander 10 meets the requirements, thereby achieving the purpose of simulation testing.

[0019] In this embodiment, a support leg 3 with a shock-absorbing pad is provided on the lower part of the outer side of the outer shell 2. The support leg 3 is fixed to the ground, firmly fixing the outer shell 2 and making it less prone to shaking. This ensures that the turbine expander 10 rotates smoothly during operation, reduces shaking, and guarantees the accuracy of the test results.

[0020] In this embodiment, the insulation cavity 9 is a vacuum insulation chamber formed by evacuation. A vacuum port 6 is provided on the side wall of the insulation cavity 9, and a vacuum valve is installed on the vacuum port 6. Through the vacuum port 6, the inside of the insulation cavity 9 is evacuated during each test to ensure the vacuum effect. The side wall of the outer shell 2 is made of thick steel plate, and the joints are sealed by welding, making the overall structure sturdy and stable.

[0021] In this embodiment, the inner cylinder 11, the return air pipe 7, and the inlet air pipe 1 are all provided with heat insulation layers 5 on the side walls inside the insulation cavity 9. The heat insulation layers 5 reduce the leakage of cold air temperature used for testing. The difference between the temperature of the air entering the turbine expander 10 and the temperature of the output air reflects the functional status of the turbine expander 10, thus realizing the testing process.

[0022] In this embodiment, the heat insulation layer 5 is formed by alternating layers of fiberglass paper and aluminum foil. Fiberglass paper is a thin sheet of paper made from fine glass fibers using papermaking methods. It is a commonly used heat insulation material. Attaching the fiberglass paper to the outer surface of the inner cylinder 11, and to the outer surface of the return pipe 7 and the inlet pipe 1 in the heat insulation cavity 9 reduces the outward dissipation of temperature from the input and output cold airflow.

[0023] In this embodiment, the cold air flow in the intake pipe 1 is nitrogen gas at a temperature of -150°C to -90°C. Nitrogen is a safe and common gas. By cooling the nitrogen gas to below -100°C and introducing it through the intake pipe 1 for testing, the operating effect of low-temperature hydrogen gas is simulated.

[0024] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0025] As shown in Figure 1-2, first, the support leg 3 of this device is effectively fixed. Then, the vacuum degree of the insulation cavity 9 inside the outer shell 2 is tested through the vacuum port 6. If it is not qualified, it is vacuumed again through the vacuum port 6 until it is qualified.

[0026] Next, a sealing test is performed on the device. The docking opening 12 is sealed with an end cap, and the four sides of the end cap are connected to the docking flange edge 4. Airflow is introduced from the inlet pipe 1 into the inner cylinder 11. The airflow inside the inner cylinder 11 flows out from the return pipe 7. The air pressure and flow rate of the airflow introduced by the inlet pipe 1 and the airflow output by the return pipe 7 are compared to determine the sealing performance.

[0027] After the device itself passes the test, the performance of the turbine expander 10 is then tested. Specifically, the cold nitrogen supply line is connected to the outer end of the inlet pipe 1, the return pipe 7 is led into the recovery box, and the circumferential flange of the turbine expander 10 is connected to the docking flange 4. After the connection is completed, the airtightness test of the turbine expander 10 is first carried out. After the test is passed, other corresponding sensors on the turbine expander 10 are used to collect feedback on the speed, sealing, vibration, temperature, air pressure, etc. of the turbine expander 10 during operation, and various performance tests are carried out on the turbine expander 10.

[0028] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model, as well as some of its applications, and are not intended to limit this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A liquid hydrogen turboexpander test device, characterized by, The application relates to a double-cylinder turbine expander, which comprises an outer shell (2) and an inner cylinder (11) sleeved together, the inner cylinder (11) is suspended in the inner cavity of the outer shell (2), a closed heat-insulating cavity (9) is formed between the inner side wall of the outer shell (2) and the outer side wall of the inner cylinder (11), one end of the inner cylinder (11) extends from one side of the outer shell (2), the outer circumference of the extending end of the inner cylinder (11) is sealingly connected with the side wall of the outer shell (2), a butt flange (4) for fixing and mounting a turbine expander (10) is arranged on the outer circumference of a butt opening (12) formed on the outer end surface of the inner cylinder (11) extending out of the outer shell (2), the heat-insulating cavity (9) is connected with one end of a gas inlet pipe (1) on the radial side, the other end of the gas inlet pipe (1) extends out of the outer shell (2) through the heat-insulating cavity (9), the outer side surface of the gas inlet pipe (1) is sealingly connected with the outer shell (2), a gas return pipe (7) is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder (11), one end of the gas return pipe (7) is suspended in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder (11) and faces the butt opening (12), the port position of the gas return pipe (7) can be connected with the gas outlet port (101) of the expander (10) fixedly mounted on the butt flange (4), the other end of the gas return pipe (7) extends out of the outer shell (2) through the inner cylinder and the heat-insulating cavity (9) in sequence, and the outer side surface of the gas return pipe (7) is sealingly connected with the outer shell (2) and the inner cylinder (11) respectively; during operation, the input and output ports of the turbine expander (10) extend into the cavity of the inner cylinder (11) from the butt opening (12), the butt flange (4) is sealingly connected with the circumferential flange of the turbine expander (10), and the gas outlet port (101) in the middle of the port of the turbine expander (10) is sealingly connected with the port of the gas return pipe (7).

2. The liquid hydrogen turboexpander test device of claim 1, wherein, A supporting leg (3) with a damping pad is arranged on the lower part of the outer side surface of the outer shell (2).

3. The liquid hydrogen turboexpander test device of claim 1, wherein, The heat-insulating cavity (9) is a vacuum heat-insulating cavity formed by vacuumizing, a vacuum valve is arranged on the vacuumizing port (6) formed on the side wall of the heat-insulating cavity (9).

4. The liquid hydrogen turboexpander test device of claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein, Heat-insulating layers (5) are arranged on the side walls of the heat-insulating cavity (9) of the inner cylinder (11), the gas return pipe (7) and the gas inlet pipe (1).

5. The liquid hydrogen turboexpander test device of claim 4, wherein, The heat-insulating layer (5) is formed by alternately stacking glass fiber paper and aluminum foil.

6. The liquid hydrogen turboexpander test device of claim 1, wherein, The cold gas flow in the gas inlet pipe (1) is nitrogen gas with a temperature of-150 DEG C to-90 DEG C.

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