Emergency lighting centralized power supply based on battery boost-buck circuit management

Abstract

The utility model provides an emergency lighting centralized power supply based on battery boost-buck circuit management, and belongs to the technical field of emergency lighting centralized power supplies. The battery pack is used for storing electric energy and providing standby power for the emergency lighting system; and the buck-boost circuit is connected with the battery pack and used for converting the voltage of the battery pack into the voltage required by the load, and the efficient synchronous rectification buck-boost circuit design is adopted, so that the electric energy conversion efficiency reaches up to more than 90%, and the buck-boost circuit is obviously superior to a traditional linear voltage stabilization circuit or a simple switch voltage stabilization circuit. Due to the design of a wide input voltage range, the emergency lighting centralized power supply can work stably in various complex environments, stability of output voltage can be ensured no matter a new battery or an aged battery, and therefore reliability and flexibility of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of emergency lighting centralized power supply technology, specifically relating to an emergency lighting centralized power supply based on battery buck-boost circuit management. Background Technology

[0002] Emergency lighting systems provide essential illumination for evacuation and firefighting operations in emergency situations such as building fires and power outages. As a core component of emergency lighting systems, the reliability and stability of the centralized power supply are crucial.

[0003] First, they are inefficient. Due to the limitations of their operating principle, linear voltage regulator circuits have low energy conversion efficiency, typically only 40% to 60%, leading to significant energy waste and generating additional heat. This not only increases operating costs but may also affect the lifespan of the equipment. Second, they are bulky. To achieve sufficient output power, traditional circuits often require large heat dissipation devices and other auxiliary components, making the entire device large in size, occupying a lot of space, and hindering installation and maintenance. The cost of traditional emergency lighting centralized power supplies is also high due to the need for numerous electronic components and complex structural designs. Furthermore, the high failure rate also increases subsequent maintenance and replacement costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a centralized emergency lighting power supply based on a battery-powered step-up / step-down circuit. This addresses several shortcomings of existing technologies. First, low efficiency: linear voltage regulators, due to their inherent limitations, have low energy conversion efficiency, typically only 40% to 60%, leading to significant energy waste and heat generation. This not only increases operating costs but may also affect equipment lifespan. Second, large size: to achieve sufficient output power, traditional circuits often require large heat dissipation devices and other auxiliary components, resulting in a bulky device that occupies considerable space, hindering installation and maintenance. Furthermore, the high cost of traditional centralized emergency lighting power supplies is due to the need for numerous electronic components and complex structural designs. Finally, a high failure rate also increases subsequent maintenance and replacement costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An emergency lighting centralized power supply based on battery buck-boost circuit management includes:

[0007] Battery packs are used to store electrical energy and provide backup power for emergency lighting systems;

[0008] A step-up / step-down circuit, connected to the battery pack, is used to convert the voltage of the battery pack into the voltage required by the load and to control the charging of the battery.

[0009] A control module, connected to the buck-boost circuit, is used to control the operating state of the buck-boost circuit;

[0010] The output circuit, connected to the step-up / step-down circuit, is used to power emergency lighting fixtures.

[0011] The display module is used to show settings and current status information.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the buck-boost circuit adopts a synchronous rectification architecture, which can automatically adjust the output control according to the battery voltage and load requirements to achieve stable voltage output under a wide range of input voltage.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the control module is implemented using an MCU, which is responsible for battery charging and discharging management, buck-boost circuit control, status monitoring, and fault protection functions.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the output circuit provides multiple isolated DC outputs, suitable for different types of emergency lighting fixtures.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the battery pack is a lead-acid battery, which has the advantages of safety, long energy cycle life, and low self-discharge rate.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the step-up / step-down circuit achieves a stable voltage output to power the lamp by adjusting the duty cycle D. When the main power fails, the circuit is a step-up circuit, and the backup power output supplies power, Vout = (1-D)Vin, where Vin is the battery pack voltage and Vout is the output voltage. When the main power is normal and in the charging state, the circuit is a step-down circuit, and the main power input charges the battery pack, Vout = D Vin, where Vin is the main power voltage and Vout is the battery pack voltage.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. This solution employs a highly efficient synchronous rectification buck-boost circuit design, achieving an energy conversion efficiency of over 90%, significantly superior to traditional linear regulators or simple switching regulators. This design not only reduces energy loss but also improves the overall energy efficiency of the emergency lighting system. Furthermore, this invention supports a wide range of battery voltage fluctuations, adapting to different battery types and their usage requirements under various conditions. This wide input voltage range design enables the emergency lighting centralized power supply to operate stably in various complex environments, ensuring output voltage stability regardless of whether the battery is new or aged, thereby enhancing the system's reliability and flexibility.

[0019] 2. In this solution, an MCU is used to comprehensively manage functions such as battery charging and discharging, buck-boost circuit control, status monitoring, and fault protection. This intelligent management not only improves the system's automation level but also enhances its safety and stability. For example, when an abnormal situation is detected, the system can automatically take protective measures to prevent equipment damage or accidents. Furthermore, this invention adopts a modular design, facilitating installation and maintenance. Users can flexibly configure different functional modules according to actual needs, greatly simplifying the equipment deployment process and reducing maintenance costs. This design approach not only improves the system's scalability but also extends the equipment's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the backup power voltage detection method of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a sampling and detection diagram of the output control voltage of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the step-up / step-down circuit diagram of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0028] An emergency lighting centralized power supply based on battery buck-boost circuit management includes:

[0029] Battery packs are used to store electrical energy and provide backup power for emergency lighting systems;

[0030] A step-up / step-down circuit, connected to the battery pack, is used to convert the voltage of the battery pack to the voltage required by the load and can control the charging of the battery.

[0031] The control module is connected to the buck-boost circuit and is used to control the operating status of the buck-boost circuit.

[0032] The output circuit, connected to the step-up / step-down circuit, is used to power emergency lighting fixtures;

[0033] The display module is used to show settings and current status information.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the battery pack is the core energy storage unit of the entire system, used to store electrical energy and provide backup power for the emergency lighting system when the mains power fails. The battery pack can be either lead-acid or lithium iron phosphate batteries, which have advantages such as safety, long energy cycle life, and low self-discharge rate. A buck-boost circuit is connected to the battery pack, responsible for converting the battery pack voltage to the voltage required by the load. It can automatically adjust the output control according to the battery voltage and load requirements to achieve stable voltage output under a wide range of input voltages. Simultaneously, this circuit can also control the charging of the battery. The mains power charges the battery pack through the charging circuit. At this time, the mains voltage of 36V is the input voltage, and the backup voltage is the output voltage. The upper transistor M1... 2. The lower transistor M14 acts as a freewheeling diode, forming a BUCK circuit. The controller adjusts the output voltage by controlling the conduction duration of the upper and lower transistors of the gate driver U12. The battery pack supplies power to the load through a buck-boost circuit. At this time, the battery backup voltage is the input voltage, and the main 36V is the output voltage. The lower transistor M14 acts as the switch, and the upper transistor M12 acts as a freewheeling diode, forming a BOOST circuit. The control system dynamically adjusts the duty cycle D according to the current battery backup voltage to achieve a stable voltage output. The control module is implemented using an MCU (microcontroller unit), responsible for battery charging and discharging management, buck-boost circuit control, status monitoring, and fault protection functions. The system automatically adjusts charging parameters to prevent overcharging or over-discharging. Through precise control of the buck-boost circuit, it ensures stable output voltage to adapt to different load requirements. It monitors battery voltage, current, and temperature in real time to ensure optimal system operation. In case of abnormalities (such as short circuits, overloads, or overheating), it automatically takes protective measures to prevent equipment damage or accidents. The output circuit connects to the buck-boost circuit, providing multiple isolated DC outputs to power different types and power emergency lighting fixtures. Each output is isolated to ensure electrical independence between loads and avoid mutual interference. Users can select different numbers and types of lighting fixtures according to their actual needs. The system can flexibly adjust the output to... To meet diverse lighting needs, the display module shows system settings and current status information, including battery voltage, output voltage, operating mode (mains / emergency), and fault alarms. The LED display screen intuitively displays various system parameters for easy viewing and operation. Indicator lights of different colors and flashing frequencies quickly indicate the system's current operating status or fault information. Through an efficient synchronous rectification architecture, intelligent management, and modular design, it solves the problems of low efficiency, large size, and high cost inherent in existing technologies. Its components work collaboratively, providing high efficiency, a wide input voltage range, intelligent management, and convenient installation and maintenance, significantly improving the reliability and flexibility of the emergency lighting system.

[0035] Please refer to the details. Figures 1-4The buck-boost circuit adopts a synchronous rectification architecture, which can automatically adjust the output control according to the battery voltage and load requirements to achieve stable voltage output under a wide range of input voltage.

[0036] In this embodiment, the synchronous rectification architecture is a highly efficient DC-DC conversion technology. By using MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors) instead of traditional diodes for rectification, it reduces conduction losses and improves conversion efficiency. The synchronous rectification architecture can significantly reduce energy loss during the rectification process, resulting in an energy conversion efficiency of over 90%. This architecture can adapt to large input voltage fluctuations, ensuring a stable output voltage under different battery states and load conditions. The buck-boost circuit integrates current and voltage detection mechanisms to monitor battery voltage and load requirements in real time and automatically adjusts output control parameters to maintain a stable output voltage. Whether the battery is new or old, fully charged or nearly depleted, the buck-boost circuit can automatically adjust the duty cycle to ensure that the output voltage remains within the set range. When the lamp load changes, the system can quickly detect the change in output voltage and restore output voltage stability by automatically adjusting the duty cycle.

[0037] Please refer to the details. Figures 1-4 The control module is implemented using an MCU and is responsible for battery charging and discharging management, buck-boost circuit control, status monitoring, and fault protection functions.

[0038] In this embodiment, a single-chip system integrating a processor core, memory, input / output interfaces, and timers is used. The high-performance, low-power MCU ensures the efficient operation and stability of the system, can quickly process complex algorithms and data, and guarantees real-time response. The MCU monitors the battery voltage, current, and temperature in real time through a built-in or external battery management system to prevent overcharging, overheating, and other problems. In the event of a power outage or emergency, the MCU controls the battery pack to supply power to the load, monitors the remaining battery capacity (SOC), and issues an alarm or takes corresponding measures when the power is insufficient.

[0039] Please refer to the details. Figures 1-4 The output circuit provides multiple isolated DC outputs, suitable for different types of emergency lighting fixtures.

[0040] In this embodiment: the multi-channel isolation design means that the output circuit can provide electrically isolated DC power to multiple independent loads. Each output is isolated to ensure the electrical independence between each load, avoid mutual interference or fault propagation. Different numbers and types of lamps can be flexibly configured according to actual needs. The system can adjust the output to meet different lighting requirements. Through the precise control of the step-up and step-down circuit, the output voltage remains stable and is not affected by input voltage fluctuations. According to the needs of different lamps, the output circuit can provide power of different current levels to ensure the normal operation of the lamps.

[0041] Please refer to the details. Figures 1-4 The battery pack is a lead-acid battery, which has advantages such as safety, long energy cycle life, and low self-discharge rate.

[0042] In this embodiment: lead-acid batteries have relatively stable chemical reactions and are not prone to thermal runaway. Therefore, they are very safe under normal use conditions. Even in the case of overcharging or short circuit, lead-acid batteries are not easy to catch fire or explode, which makes them widely used in many application scenarios.

[0043] Please refer to the details. Figures 1-4 The step-up / step-down circuit achieves a stable voltage output to power the lamps by adjusting the duty cycle D. When the main power fails, the circuit is a step-up circuit, and the backup power output supplies power. Vout = (1-D)Vin, where Vin is the battery pack voltage and Vout is the output voltage. When the main power is normal and in the charging state, the circuit is a step-down circuit, and the main power input charges the battery pack. Vout = D Vin, where Vin is the main power voltage and Vout is the battery pack voltage.

[0044] In this embodiment: Under normal circumstances, the mains power charges the battery pack and supplies power to the load through a buck-boost circuit. At this time, the buck-boost circuit operates in buck mode, converting a higher input voltage to a lower output voltage. When a lower output voltage is needed, the duty cycle D is decreased; when a higher output voltage is needed, the duty cycle D is increased. When the mains power fails or a backup power supply command is received from the controller, the battery pack supplies power to the load through the buck-boost circuit. At this time, the buck-boost circuit operates in boost mode, converting a lower input voltage to a higher output voltage. This not only improves the overall efficiency of the system but is also suitable for emergency lighting scenarios with high requirements for power stability and safety.

[0045] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: The MCU dynamically adjusts charging parameters (such as charging current and charging cut-off voltage) based on the current battery voltage, current, and temperature to prevent overcharging, overheating, and other problems. The controller also performs equalization management to ensure that the voltage of each battery is consistent, avoiding overcharging or discharging of individual batteries. The buck-boost circuit converts the input voltage Vin into the output voltage Vout required by the load. In the charging state, the buck-boost circuit operates in BUCK mode (step-down mode), controlling the output voltage by adjusting the duty cycle D. The MCU monitors the output voltage in real time through a voltage sensor and adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal according to the feedback signal to ensure stable output voltage. The MCU monitors the system status in real time through various sensors, and the monitoring data is displayed to the user through the display module. Information includes battery status, output voltage, and operating mode. If an abnormality is detected, the controller will trigger the corresponding protection mechanism. When the mains power fails or the controller receives a command to start backup power supply, the system switches to backup power supply mode, and the battery pack supplies power to the load through a buck-boost circuit. When the mains power fails, the controller automatically switches to battery power supply mode. After detecting a mains power failure, the controller immediately activates the battery pack as the input power source. Throughout the entire operation, the system has a complete fault protection and alarm mechanism to ensure the safety and reliability of the system. When the battery voltage is lower than the set threshold, the controller issues a low battery warning to prompt the user to replace or charge the battery in time. When any abnormality is detected, the controller notifies the user through audible and visual alarms or other means, and records fault information for subsequent analysis.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An emergency lighting centralized power supply based on battery step-up / down circuit management, characterized by, The application relates to an emergency lighting system, which comprises: a battery pack for storing electric energy to provide backup power for the emergency lighting system; a boost-buck circuit connected with the battery pack, which is used for converting the voltage of the battery pack into the voltage required by the load and can control the charging of the battery; a control module connected with the boost-buck circuit, which is used for controlling the working state of the boost-buck circuit; an output circuit connected with the boost-buck circuit, which is used for supplying power for the emergency lighting lamps; a display module used for displaying setting and current state information.

2. The centralized emergency lighting power supply based on battery buck-boost circuit management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boost-buck circuit adopts a synchronous rectification architecture and can automatically adjust the output control according to the battery voltage and the load demand, so that stable voltage output under wide-range input voltage is realized.

3. The centralized emergency lighting power supply based on battery buck-boost circuit management according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control module is realized by an MCU and is responsible for the functions of battery charging and discharging management, boost-buck circuit control, state monitoring and fault protection.

4. The centralized emergency lighting power supply based on battery buck-boost circuit management according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output circuit provides multiple isolated DC outputs and is suitable for different types of emergency lighting lamps.

5. The centralized emergency lighting power supply based on battery buck-boost circuit management according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery pack is a lead-acid battery and has the advantages of safety, long energy cycle life and low self-discharge rate.

6. The centralized emergency lighting power supply based on battery buck-boost circuit management according to claim 5, characterized in that: The boost-buck circuit realizes stable voltage output for supplying power for the lamps by adjusting the duty cycle D; when the main power is powered off, the circuit is a boost circuit and the backup power is output to supply power, Vout=(1-D) Vin, Vin is the voltage of the battery pack and Vout is the output voltage; when the main power is normal and in the charging state, the circuit is a buck circuit, the main power is input to charge the battery pack, Vout=D Vin, Vin is the voltage of the main power and Vout is the voltage of the battery pack.

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