Immersed negative pressure fire extinguishing device for battery energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an immersed negative pressure fire extinguishing device for battery energy storage equipment, the battery energy storage equipment comprises a plurality of waterproof boxes for installing energy storage battery cells, the waterproof boxes are arranged in a flowing water channel, and each waterproof box is communicated with a negative pressure cavity, so that the energy storage battery cells are positioned in a vacuum environment or an approximately vacuum environment; a hot melting valve is arranged on the box wall, making contact with water in the flowing water channel, of the waterproof box, when the energy storage battery cell is in a thermal runaway state, gas generated during thermal runaway of the energy storage battery cell is pumped out by negative pressure and dissipated to the negative pressure cavity, and when the thermal runaway temperature enables the hot melting valve to be switched on, water enters the negative pressure cavity through the hot melting valve and the waterproof box, and a fire extinguishing flowing water path is formed. When the energy storage battery cell is cooled, gas generated during thermal runaway of the energy storage battery cell is discharged to the negative pressure cavity through high-speed flowing of water; according to the utility model, out-of-control combustion-supporting gas and poisonous gas of the battery cell can be discharged through flowing of high-pressure water, and the lithium battery cell which is thermally out of control can be automatically discharged and separated from battery energy storage equipment through flowing pressure of the high-pressure water.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to an immersion type negative pressure fire extinguishing device for a battery energy storage device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The lithium battery type energy storage scheme in the current energy storage device has a fire risk due to thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell. Since an oxidizing agent is present in the lithium battery, flammable gas and toxic gas may be generated during thermal runaway, which brings great difficulty to the fire fighting work of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell. How to solve this problem is a research direction. SUMMARY

[0003] The immersion type negative pressure fire extinguishing device for a battery energy storage device can discharge flammable gas and toxic gas generated by the lithium battery cell during the fire extinguishing process, and can automatically discharge the lithium battery cell in thermal runaway and separate it from the battery energy storage device by the flow pressure of high pressure water.

[0004] The immersion type negative pressure fire extinguishing device for a battery energy storage device can discharge flammable gas and toxic gas generated by the lithium battery cell during the fire extinguishing process, and can automatically discharge the lithium battery cell in thermal runaway and separate it from the battery energy storage device by the flow pressure of high pressure water.

[0005] The immersion type negative pressure fire extinguishing device for a battery energy storage device can discharge flammable gas and toxic gas generated by the lithium battery cell during the fire extinguishing process, and can automatically discharge the lithium battery cell in thermal runaway and separate it from the battery energy storage device by the flow pressure of high pressure water.

[0006] The energy storage cell is a lithium battery cell, the box wall of the waterproof box is a heat conducting box wall, and the heat conducting box wall is connected to the energy storage cell in a heat conducting structure. The waterproof level of the waterproof box is not lower than IP67.

[0007] The gas generated by the energy storage cell in thermal runaway is flammable gas, toxic gas or flammable gas, including oxygen or hydrogen fluoride.

[0008] The negative pressure cavity is arranged below the flowing water channel, and the top of the negative pressure cavity is connected to the bottom end surface of the flowing water channel.

[0009] The bottom end surface of the flowing water channel is a plane, the waterproof boxes are arranged in rows at the bottom end surface of the flowing water channel, the bottom of the waterproof box is connected to the negative pressure cavity, and the bottom of the waterproof box is provided with a negative pressure hole connected to the negative pressure cavity.

[0010] The waterproof box bottom is a pluggable wedge-shaped bottom cover, and the energy storage cell is fixed at the waterproof box bottom.

[0011] The negative pressure cavity is communicated with external air extraction equipment through an air extraction pipeline.

[0012] The flow water channel is provided with a water input port at one side end and a water output port at the other side end.

[0013] The water input port is a high-pressure water input port, the water output port is a high-pressure water output port, and the flow water in the flow water channel is high-pressure flow water; when the water in the flow water channel rapidly enters the negative pressure cavity through the heat melting valve, the waterproof box and the negative pressure hole of the waterproof box to form a fire extinguishing flow water path, the high-pressure flow water of the fire extinguishing flow water path pushes the wedge-shaped bottom cover and the energy storage cell fixed on the wedge-shaped bottom cover into the negative pressure cavity by water pressure, so that the energy storage cell in the thermal runaway state is separated from the battery energy storage equipment.

[0014] The waterproof boxes are regularly arranged in rows in the flow water channel, and intervals are arranged between the waterproof boxes for water flow and heat dissipation.

[0015] The utility model discloses a high-pressure water is used as fire extinguishing medium, can be in the fire extinguishing process with the flow of high-pressure water and the combustion-supporting gas and toxic gas that lithium cell core produced are discharged, and can be with the flow pressure of high-pressure water and lithium cell core of thermal runaway are discharged and separate battery energy storage equipment.

[0016] The utility model discloses can form vacuum environment in waterproof box, make lithium battery be in oxygen-free environment and not easy to burn, even if lithium battery produces thermal runaway, the flammable gas and combustion-supporting gas (oxygen) that lithium battery thermal runaway process produced are also extracted rapidly by the negative pressure of negative pressure cavity, greatly reduced the combustion probability of lithium battery.

[0017] The utility model discloses a heat melting valve is used as fire extinguishing trigger mechanism, once the lithium battery thermal runaway in waterproof box, and temperature rises to heat melting valve conduction, then the high-pressure water in flow water channel is high speed under the action of negative pressure and enters waterproof box and forms high-speed water flow in waterproof box, not only can fast lithium cell temperature, but also can push lithium cell out energy storage equipment with high-pressure water flow, prevent the diffusion of lithium cell's runaway to adjacent cell.

[0018] The utility model discloses design has the fire extinguishing scheme of negative pressure environment and high-pressure water environment, can form huge pressure difference therefore, even if the water path of fire extinguishing flow water in energy storage equipment is narrow because of the compact design of cell, still can form the fire extinguishing water flow of large flow under high pressure difference, form reliable fire extinguishing capacity.

[0019] The utility model discloses not adopt electric trigger device, with pure physical structure scheme to trigger fire extinguishing action and cell discharge action, therefore avoid the fire extinguishing lag problem caused by circuit failure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0021] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing how high-pressure water pushes the runaway battery cell out of the energy storage device after the thermoelectric valve is turned on.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Flowing water channel; 2-Water; 3-Heat fusion valve; 4-Waterproof box; 5-Negative pressure chamber; 6-Energy storage cell; 7-Negative pressure hole; 8-Wedge-shaped bottom cover; 9-Water inlet port; 10-Water outlet port; 11-Air extraction pipe; 12-Air extraction equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0024] As shown in the figure, an immersion negative pressure fire extinguishing device for battery energy storage equipment includes several waterproof boxes 4 for installing energy storage cells 6. The waterproof boxes are placed in a flowing water channel 1, and one side wall of each waterproof box is connected to a negative pressure chamber 5 to place the energy storage cells in a vacuum or near-vacuum environment. A thermal fusion valve 3 is provided at the box wall where the waterproof box contacts the water in the flowing water channel. When the energy storage cell is in a thermal runaway state, the gas generated during the thermal runaway is extracted by the negative pressure and dispersed into the negative pressure chamber. When the temperature during the thermal runaway process causes the thermal fusion valve to open, the water 2 in the flowing water channel quickly enters the negative pressure chamber through the thermal fusion valve and the waterproof box, forming a fire extinguishing flowing water path in the waterproof box. While cooling the energy storage cell, the fire extinguishing flowing water path discharges the gas generated during the thermal runaway of the energy storage cell into the negative pressure chamber at high speed.

[0025] The energy storage cell is a lithium battery cell, the waterproof box wall is a heat-conducting box wall and the heat-conducting box wall is connected to the energy storage cell by a heat-conducting structure, and the waterproof rating of the waterproof box is not lower than IP67.

[0026] The gas generated when the energy storage cell experiences thermal runaway is a flammable gas, a toxic gas, or a combustion-supporting gas, including oxygen or hydrogen fluoride.

[0027] The negative pressure chamber is located below the flowing water channel, and the top of the negative pressure chamber is connected to the bottom end face of the flowing water channel.

[0028] The bottom end face of the flowing water channel is flat, and the waterproof boxes are installed in rows at the bottom end face of the flowing water channel. The bottom of the waterproof box is connected to the negative pressure chamber, and the bottom of the waterproof box is provided with a negative pressure hole 7 that communicates with the negative pressure chamber.

[0029] The bottom of the waterproof box is a removable wedge-shaped bottom cover 8, and the energy storage cell is fixed to the bottom of the waterproof box.

[0030] The negative pressure chamber is connected to an external air extraction device 12 via an air extraction pipe 11.

[0031] The flowing water channel has a water inlet port 9 on one side and a water outlet port 10 on the other side.

[0032] The water input port is a high-pressure water input port, and the water output port is a high-pressure water output port. The flowing water in the flowing water channel is high-pressure flowing water. When the water in the flowing water channel quickly enters the negative pressure chamber through the heat-fusion valve, the waterproof box, and the negative pressure hole of the waterproof box to form a fire extinguishing flowing water path, the high-pressure flowing water in the fire extinguishing flowing water path uses water pressure to push the wedge-shaped bottom cover together with the energy storage cell fixed on the wedge-shaped bottom cover into the negative pressure chamber, so that the energy storage cell in the thermal runaway state is separated from the battery energy storage device.

[0033] Each waterproof box is arranged regularly in rows and columns within the flowing water channel, with gaps between each waterproof box to allow for water flow and heat dissipation.

[0034] In this example, the small end of the wedge-shaped bottom cover faces upwards and is fixed to the bottom of the waterproof box by the elastic force of the bottom cover when it deforms and the friction force of the side of the bottom cover. The bottom of the waterproof box is provided with a pull handle at the bottom surface of the waterproof box where it connects with the negative pressure chamber. When the energy storage cell is in a thermal runaway state, the thermal runaway energy storage cell can be pulled out of the waterproof box by pulling the handle, so that the thermal runaway energy storage cell is disconnected from the battery energy storage device.

[0035] In this example, the energy storage cell inside the waterproof box is connected to the outside via the power supply circuit at the wedge-shaped bottom cover. The circuit is equipped with a short-circuit fuse (fuse or fuse tube). When the temperature during the thermal runaway process causes the thermal fusion valve to open, and high-pressure water is drawn into the waterproof box under negative pressure, the short-circuit fuse cuts off the power supply circuit of the energy storage cell. When the high-pressure flowing water pushes the wedge-shaped bottom cover out of the energy storage device by water pressure, the energy storage cell fixed on the wedge-shaped bottom cover is completely disconnected from the energy storage device.

[0036] Example:

[0037] When a lithium battery cell in a waterproof box catches fire due to thermal runaway, the thermal fusion valve melts and becomes conductive under the high temperature of the flame. High-pressure water rushes into the waterproof box and forms a fire-extinguishing water flow path. The high-speed water flow removes flammable or combustible gases from the waterproof box to prevent the fire from growing further. At the same time, the high-speed water flow forms a heat insulation barrier to prevent the thermal runaway from spreading to adjacent cells.

[0038] When the high-pressure flowing water pushes the wedge-shaped bottom cover and the lithium battery cell fixed on the wedge-shaped bottom cover into the negative pressure chamber, water is continuously introduced into the negative pressure chamber to completely submerge the lithium battery cell inside the negative pressure chamber, completely isolate the open flame at the lithium battery cell from the energy storage device, and extinguish the fire of the lithium battery cell.

Claims

1. Submerged negative pressure fire extinguishing device for battery energy storage plants, characterized in that: The battery energy storage device comprises a plurality of waterproof boxes for mounting energy storage cells, the waterproof boxes are arranged in a flowing water channel, one side wall of each waterproof box is communicated with a negative pressure cavity, so that the energy storage cells are located in a vacuum environment or an approximate vacuum environment, a hot melt valve is arranged at the box wall of the waterproof box which is in contact with the water in the flowing water channel, when the energy storage cells are in a thermal runaway state, the gas generated by the energy storage cells in thermal runaway is extracted by negative pressure and dispersed to the negative pressure cavity, when the temperature of the thermal runaway process causes the hot melt valve to be conductive, the water in the flowing water channel enters the negative pressure cavity quickly through the hot melt valve and the waterproof box, forming an extinguishing flowing water path in the waterproof box, which discharges the gas generated by the energy storage cells in thermal runaway to the negative pressure cavity while cooling the energy storage cells.

2. The submerged sub-atmospheric pressure fire extinguishing apparatus for battery energy storage devices of claim 1, wherein: The energy storage cells are lithium battery cells, the box wall of the waterproof box is a heat-conducting box wall, and the heat-conducting box wall is in thermal contact with the energy storage cells in a heat-conducting structure, and the waterproof level of the waterproof box is not less than IP67.

3. The submerged sub-atmospheric pressure fire extinguishing apparatus for battery energy storage devices of claim 2, wherein: The gas generated by the energy storage cells in thermal runaway is flammable gas, toxic gas or combustion-supporting gas, including oxygen or hydrogen fluoride.

4. The submerged sub-atmospheric pressure fire extinguishing apparatus for battery energy storage devices of claim 1, wherein: The negative pressure cavity is arranged below the flowing water channel, and the top of the negative pressure cavity is in contact with the bottom end face of the flowing water channel.

5. The submerged sub-atmospheric pressure fire extinguishing apparatus for battery energy storage devices of claim 4, wherein: The bottom end face of the flowing water channel is a plane, and the waterproof boxes are arranged in rows at the bottom end face of the flowing water channel, the bottom of the waterproof box is in contact with the negative pressure cavity, and the bottom of the waterproof box is provided with a negative pressure hole communicated with the negative pressure cavity.

6. The submerged sub-atmospheric pressure fire extinguishing apparatus for battery energy storage devices of claim 4, wherein: The bottom of the waterproof box is a pluggable wedge-shaped bottom cover, and the energy storage cells are fixed at the bottom of the waterproof box.

7. The submerged sub-atmospheric pressure fire extinguishing apparatus for battery energy storage devices of claim 4, wherein: The negative pressure cavity is communicated with an external air extraction device through an air extraction pipeline.

8. The submerged sub-atmospheric pressure fire extinguishing apparatus for battery energy storage devices of claim 6, wherein: One side end of the flowing water channel is provided with a water input port, and the other side end is provided with a water output port.

9. The submerged sub-atmospheric pressure fire extinguishing apparatus for battery energy storage devices of claim 8, wherein: The water input port is a high-pressure water input port, the water output port is a high-pressure water output port, and the flowing water in the flowing water channel is high-pressure flowing water, when the water in the flowing water channel enters the negative pressure cavity quickly through the hot melt valve, the waterproof box and the negative pressure hole of the waterproof box to form an extinguishing flowing water path, the high-pressure flowing water of the extinguishing flowing water path pushes the wedge-shaped bottom cover and the energy storage cells fixed on the wedge-shaped bottom cover into the negative pressure cavity by water pressure, so that the energy storage cells in thermal runaway state are separated from the battery energy storage device.

10. The submerged sub-atmospheric pressure fire extinguishing apparatus for battery energy storage devices of claim 1, wherein: Each waterproof box is arranged in a row in the flowing water channel, and a space for water flow and heat dissipation is arranged between each waterproof box.

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