Hollow quincuncial catalyst particle configuration

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hollow quincunx-shaped catalyst particle structure, and the cross section of a catalyst particle at least comprises a circumscribed circle which is used for forming a blade outer arc line; the groove structures are divided into five groups and are arranged in a central symmetry manner relative to the circle center of the circumscribed circle; each group comprises two blade angle small circles and a transition ellipse to form five teeth in a frog head shape; the two blade angle small circles in each group are respectively tangent to the circumscribed circle and are tangent to the two ends of the transition ellipse clamped between the two blade angle small circles; a center circle concentric with the circumscribed circle and disposed inside the groove configuration; a smooth curve formed by a blade outer arc line, a blade angle small circle outer arc line formed by the groove configuration and a transition ellipse inner arc line forms a cross section outer contour line of the catalyst particle; the center circle forms the inner contour line of the cross section of the catalyst particle. By adopting the configuration design of the utility model, the catalyst particles have smaller particle stacking density, and the catalyst bed layer has higher void ratio.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to catalysts used in the petrochemical field, and in particular to a hollow plum blossom-shaped catalyst particle configuration. Background Technology

[0002] The irregular shape of catalyst particles is a widely used technique in hydrogenation catalysts, primarily aimed at improving the effective factor of the catalyst particles and reducing the pressure drop in fixed-bed reactors. Researchers, through examining three irregularly shaped catalysts—ring-shaped, wheel-shaped, and honeycomb-shaped—concluded that the pressure drop in irregularly shaped particle beds is the result of multiple factors, with bed porosity having the greatest impact, while the influence of particle shape cannot be ignored. Furthermore, the shape of the support during molding also relates to important catalyst parameters such as the ease of support molding, catalyst packing density, and catalyst packing porosity, significantly affecting the bed pressure drop and catalyst activity.

[0003] The morphology of a catalyst significantly influences its strength, specific surface area, pore volume, pressure drop, and mass transfer efficiency. Specially designed hollow, plum-blossom-shaped catalyst particles possess high porosity and a large-pore structure, exhibiting superior metal removal and compatibility properties. This eliminates diffusion resistance during the adsorption and reaction of macromolecules on the catalyst surface, improving reaction efficiency, increasing the porosity between catalyst particles, effectively alleviating pressure drop issues, and ensuring long-term operation of the unit.

[0004] In the prior art, for example, Chinese patent CN202741152U discloses a hollow serrated catalyst support, which comprises a through hole, protrusions, and a cylinder; 3 to 5 arc-shaped solid protrusions are arranged in a serrated pattern around the outer periphery of the cylinder; the cylinder and protrusions are an integral structure; the through hole is axially located at the center of the cylinder; the diameter of the through hole is equal to one-third of the radius of the cross-section of the hollow serrated cylinder; the axial length of the support is equal to the diameter of the cross-section of the support. Although this type of catalyst particle can increase the lateral pressure bearing capacity and improve the lateral pressure strength, and has good rolling properties, the flow groove between adjacent blades of this type of hollow serrated catalyst is formed by tooth grooves, resulting in shallow grooves in the hollow serrated particles. The catalyst particles designed using this method have a high packing density and a low porosity in the catalyst bed. When processing heavier raw materials, the diffusion resistance of reactants in the grooves increases, the pore blockage phenomenon increases significantly, and the catalyst is prone to coking and deactivation, thereby reducing the utilization rate of catalyst particles. In addition, heavier components are prone to scale buildup, which causes catalyst particles to stick together and clump together, which can easily lead to an increase in bed pressure drop.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more optimized hollow plum blossom-shaped catalyst particle configuration, which can more effectively reduce the particle packing density and increase the porosity between catalyst particles while meeting the catalyst strength requirements. This can enhance the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, thereby effectively alleviating the pressure drop problem of the unit.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hollow, plum blossom-shaped catalyst particle configuration that, while meeting the catalyst strength requirements, has a low particle packing density, a high porosity in the catalyst bed, enhances the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, optimizes material flow distribution, significantly alleviates the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improves catalyst utilization, and fully utilizes catalyst activity.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a hollow plum blossom-shaped catalyst particle configuration. The cross-section of the catalyst particle includes at least: an circumscribed circle, which forms the outer arc of the blade; a groove configuration, which is divided into five groups and is centrally symmetrical with respect to the center of the circumscribed circle; each group includes two small leaf corner circles and a transition ellipse, forming five teeth in the shape of a frog's head; each group of two small leaf corner circles is tangent to the circumscribed circle and tangent to the two ends of the transition ellipse sandwiched between them; a central circle, which is concentric with the circumscribed circle and is located inside the groove configuration; a smooth curve composed of the outer arc of the blade, the outer arc of the small leaf corner circles formed by the groove configuration, and the inner arc of the transition ellipse forms the outer contour line of the cross-section of the catalyst particle; the central circle forms the inner contour line of the cross-section of the catalyst particle.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the inner arc of the transition ellipse is preferably half the circumference of the transition ellipse. The center line connecting the five teeth of the frog head shape preferably forms a regular pentagon, and the center of the regular pentagon is concentric with the center of the central circle.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, let the radius of the circumscribed circle be R; the radius of the central circle be r1; the length of the major axis of the transition ellipse be D; and the radius of the leaf corner circle be r2. Preferably, the length of the major axis D of the transition ellipse is greater than or equal to twice the radius of the leaf corner circle r2, and less than or equal to the radius of the central circle r1. R is preferably 1.5 mm to 5.0 mm. r1 is preferably 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of R. D is preferably 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0012] 1) The configuration design of this utility model is as follows: the catalyst particles with cross-sectional contour lines (the particles are composed of solid internal carriers and active components on the surface) are centrally symmetrically arranged. The configuration consists of the outer arc of the blades, the outer arc of the small circle of the blade corner formed by the groove configuration, and the inner arc of the transition ellipse connected together, as well as the hollow central circle. This makes the catalyst have a small particle packing density and the catalyst bed has a high porosity. It can enhance the filtering and storage capacity of mechanical impurities, optimize the material distribution, greatly alleviate the rise of catalyst bed pressure drop, and give full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0013] 2) In the configuration of this utility model, the five "frog head" shaped particles make the transition elliptical arc (i.e., the inner arc of the transition ellipse) more open. The more open inner arc of the transition ellipse and the outer arc of the small circle at the leaf corner constitute the smooth constricted particle groove of the catalyst (i.e., without constriction). When the catalyst is used, it can effectively reduce the diffusion resistance of the reactants in the groove and reduce the clogging of the groove, thereby improving the utilization rate of the catalyst particles. It solves the problems of uneven distribution of raw material flow leading to easy coking and increased pressure drop in the catalyst bed in the prior art.

[0014] 3) The five "frog head" shaped teeth of this utility model form a pentagon by connecting their centers. This not only ensures a centrally symmetrical structure but also allows the central part of the particle to have a larger size. While ensuring the overall strength of the catalyst particles, it can effectively increase the specific surface area and porosity of the hollow catalyst particles, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of the catalyst and giving full play to the activity of the catalyst.

[0015] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, technical features and advantages of this utility model easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow plum blossom-shaped catalyst particle configuration of this utility model.

[0017] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0018] 1-Circumscribed circle; 2A-First transition ellipse, 2B-Second transition ellipse, 2C-Third transition ellipse, 2D-Fourth transition ellipse, Fifth transition ellipse; 3A-First leaf corner circle, 3B-Second leaf corner circle, 3C-Third leaf corner circle, 3D-Fourth leaf corner circle, 3E-Fifth leaf corner circle, 3F-Sixth leaf corner circle, 3G-Seventh leaf corner circle, 3H-Eighth leaf corner circle, 3I-Ninth leaf corner circle, 3J-Tenth leaf corner circle; 4-Regular pentagon; 5-Central circle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0020] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0021] In this document, for ease of description, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “down,” “above,” “above,” “upper,” etc., are used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation, in addition to those depicted in the figures. For example, if an object in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “under” another element or feature would be oriented “above” that element or feature. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both the downward and upward orientations. An object may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0022] In this document, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to define specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first," "second," etc., can also be used interchangeably.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model provides a hollow plum blossom-shaped catalyst particle configuration. The cross-section of the catalyst particle includes at least an circumscribed circle, a groove configuration, and a central circle. The circumscribed circle 1 is used to form the outer arc of the blade (i.e., the solid line portion of the circumscribed circle 1). The groove configuration is divided into five groups and is centrally symmetrical with respect to the center of the circumscribed circle 1; each group includes two small leaf corner circles and a transition ellipse, forming five teeth in the shape of a frog's head; the two small leaf corner circles in each group are tangent to the circumscribed circle 1 and tangent to the two ends of the transition ellipse sandwiched between them. Specifically, the first set of groove configurations includes a first leaf corner circle 3A, a second leaf corner circle 3B, and a first transition ellipse 2A, forming the first tooth of the frog head shape. The first leaf corner circle 3A and the second leaf corner circle 3B are tangent to the circumscribed circle 1 and to the two ends of the first transition ellipse 2A sandwiched between them. The second set of groove configurations includes a third leaf corner circle 3C, a fourth leaf corner circle 3D, and a second transition ellipse 2B, forming the second tooth of the frog head shape. The third leaf corner circle 3C and the fourth leaf corner circle 3D are tangent to the circumscribed circle 1 and to the two ends of the second transition ellipse 2B sandwiched between them. The third set of groove configurations includes a fifth leaf corner circle 3E, a sixth leaf corner circle 3F, and a third transition ellipse 2C, forming the second tooth of the frog head shape. The first set of three teeth, the fifth leaflet corner circle 3E and the sixth leaflet corner circle 3F, are tangent to the outer tangent circle 1 and to both ends of the third transition ellipse 2C sandwiched between them. The fourth set of groove configurations includes the seventh leaflet corner circle 3G, the eighth leaflet corner circle 3H, and the fourth transition ellipse 2D, forming the fourth tooth in the shape of a frog's head. The seventh leaflet corner circle 3G and the eighth leaflet corner circle 3H are tangent to the outer tangent circle 1 and to both ends of the fourth transition ellipse 2D sandwiched between them. The fifth set of groove configurations includes the ninth leaflet corner circle 3I, the tenth leaflet corner circle 3J, and the fifth transition ellipse 2E, forming the fifth tooth in the shape of a frog's head. The ninth leaflet corner circle 3I and the tenth leaflet corner circle 3J are tangent to the outer tangent circle 1 and to both ends of the fifth transition ellipse 2E sandwiched between them. The central circle 5 is concentric with the outer tangent circle 1 and is located inside the five sets of groove configurations, used to construct the hollow structure of the catalyst particles. The aforementioned outer arc of the blade (i.e., the solid line portion of the circumscribed circle 1), and the outer arc of the small circle at the blade angle formed by the groove configuration (i.e.) Figure 1 The solid line portion of the small circle in the middle blade) and the inner arc of the transition ellipse (i.e.) Figure 1 The smooth curve formed by the solid line portion of the transition ellipse in the middle forms the outer contour of the catalyst particle's cross-section. The central circle forms the inner contour of the catalyst particle's cross-section (i.e., the hollow portion of the catalyst particle).

[0024] Catalyst particles with this type of cross-sectional profile (particles consisting of a solid internal support and active components on the surface) have a centrally symmetrical configuration. The configuration consists of tangentially connected outer arcs of the blades, blade angle arcs and groove arcs of the groove configuration, and a hollow central circle. This results in a low particle packing density and a high porosity in the catalyst bed, which enhances the filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, optimizes the material flow distribution, significantly alleviates the increase in catalyst bed pressure drop, effectively improves catalyst utilization, and fully utilizes the catalyst's activity.

[0025] Further as Figure 1 As shown, preferably, but not limitingly, the inner arc of the transition ellipse is half the circumference of the transition ellipse. This inner arc of the transition ellipse actually forms the particle groove of the catalyst, which not only allows the inner arc of the transition ellipse to connect smoothly with the outer arc of the adjacent blade, but also allows the particle groove to have a more open state.

[0026] In designing the cross-sectional shape of the particles, this invention sets the radius of the circumscribed circle to R; the radius of the central circle to r1; the length of the major axis of the transition ellipse to D; and the radius of the leaf angle small circle to r2. Further as... Figure 1 As shown, preferably but not limitingly, the major axis length D of the transition ellipse is greater than or equal to twice the radius r2 of the leaf angle small circle, and less than or equal to the radius r1 of the central circle 5. The center line connecting the five teeth in the frog head shape forms a regular pentagon 4, and the center of the regular pentagon 4 is concentric with the center of the central circle 5. This ensures that the cross-section of the catalyst particle has a centrally symmetrical structure, effectively guaranteeing the strength of the particle.

[0027] Further, preferably but not limitingly, the radius R of the circumscribed circle 1 can be from 1.5 mm to 5.0 mm, and the radius r1 of the central circle 5 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the radius R of the circumscribed circle 1. Specifically, the major axis length D of the blade ellipse can be from 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm. Experiments and calculations show that this configuration design can balance the overall strength and specific surface area of ​​the catalyst particles.

[0028] The catalyst particles of this invention feature a five-frog-head-shaped configuration, resulting in a more open transition elliptical arc (i.e., the inner arc of the transition ellipse). This more open inner arc of the transition ellipse, combined with the outer arc of the small leaf-angle rounded corners, forms the smooth, constricted particle grooves of the catalyst. This solves the problems of high particle packing density, low filtration and storage capacity for mechanical impurities, uneven raw material distribution leading to coking, and increased pressure drop in the catalyst bed in existing technologies. It not only effectively improves the catalyst utilization rate but also fully leverages the catalyst's activity.

[0029] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical applications, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various different choices and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the foregoing exemplary embodiments should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hollow clover-shaped catalyst particle configuration, characterized in that, The cross section of the catalyst particle comprises: an excircle for forming an outer camber line of the vane; a groove configuration, which is divided into five groups and is arranged centrosymmetrically relative to the center of the excircle; each group comprises two vane corner minor circles and one transition ellipse, forming five teeth in frog head shape; each of the two vane corner minor circles in each group is tangent to the excircle and tangent to the two ends of the transition ellipse clamped therebetween; a center circle, which is concentric with the excircle and is arranged inside the groove configuration; the smooth curve formed by the outer camber line of the vane, the outer camber line of the vane corner minor circle formed by the groove configuration and the inner camber line of the transition ellipse forms the outer profile line of the cross section of the catalyst particle; the center circle forms the inner profile line of the cross section of the catalyst particle.

2. Hollow Wye-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner camber line of the transition ellipse is half of the circumference of the transition ellipse.

3. Hollow Wobbler catalyst particle configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that The center line of the five teeth in frog head shape forms a regular pentagon, and the center of the regular pentagon is concentric with the center of the center circle.

4. The hollow Wulff's star shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of the excircle is R; the radius of the center circle is r1; the major axis length of the transition ellipse is D, and the radius of the vane corner minor circle is r2.

5. Hollow Wye-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that The major axis length D of the transition ellipse is greater than or equal to twice the radius r2 of the vane corner minor circle and less than or equal to the radius r1 of the center circle.

6. Hollow Wobbler catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that The R is 1.5mm to 5.0mm.

7. Hollow Wye-shaped catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that The r1 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the R.

8. Hollow Wobbler catalyst particle configuration according to claim 4, characterized in that The D is 0.5mm to 2.5mm.

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