High-elasticity composite buoyancy material with high compression resistance and high tensile strength

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-elasticity composite buoyancy material with high compression resistance and high tensile strength, which comprises a wear-resistant and weather-resistant protective layer, and a plurality of composite elastic layers which are circularly arranged are arranged in the wear-resistant and weather-resistant protective layer. The composite elastic layer comprises a first synthetic fiber layer, a first elastic layer, a second synthetic fiber layer and a second elastic layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The first elastic layer and the second elastic layer are made of rubber or synthetic resin. Hollow glass beads which are uniformly distributed are arranged in the first elastic layer and the second elastic layer. The composite material is a flexible composite material which has high compressive strength, high tensile strength and high elasticity, has the density smaller than that of fresh water / seawater and can generate buoyancy, and can meet certain specific application requirements in ship and ocean engineering and other industrial fields.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to buoyancy material technical field especially is related to a high elasticity composite buoyancy material of high compression resistance, high tensile resistance. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, such as high compression strength, high tensile strength, high elasticity material: the more common application of this material is rubber tube. When producing rubber, first, the rubber strip or rubber sheet of unvulcanized natural rubber or synthetic rubber is wound on the mandrel according to certain angle and tension by winding machine to form the blank of rubber tube. In the winding process, reinforcing layer such as fiber wire, steel wire, etc. can be added according to needs to improve the strength and pressure resistance of the rubber tube. After winding, the blank is put into the vulcanization tank for vulcanization treatment to crosslink and solidify the rubber molecules. The vulcanized rubber tube is then subjected to core removal, cutting, inspection and other processes. After production, the material constituting the wall of the rubber tube is a material with high compression strength, high tensile strength and high elasticity.

[0003] In the working state, the fiber wire can withstand the axial tension generated by the weight of the rubber tube or the pulling force, the fiber wire and the steel wire can withstand the circumferential tension generated by the internal positive pressure of the rubber tube, and the spiral steel wire can withstand the radial pressure generated by the internal negative pressure (i.e. external positive pressure) of the rubber tube. Rubber tube is often used in situations where it needs to be connected to an interface, transport fluid and compensate for movement or follow-up, so a qualified rubber tube needs to have high elasticity to keep the pipeline smooth and streamlined, facilitating the transportation of fluid in the tube. When the total length of the rubber tube is relatively long, it is often wound on a reel. The high elasticity of the rubber tube allows it to be wound on the reel without plastic deformation, and when the rubber tube is released from the reel, it can naturally stretch out, making it easy to use. Therefore, the composite material used to manufacture the rubber tube needs to have high compression strength, high tensile strength and high elasticity.

[0004] Secondly, it is a material with high compression strength and buoyancy in deep water: the more common application of this material is ROV float in deep sea, riser float, etc.

[0005] Patent No. CN85106037B introduces a kind of buoyancy material, adopts the hollow glass bead extracted from power plant waste fly ash as basic raw material, epoxy resin as matrix, material density is 0.6g / cm 3 , pressure capacity is 500 meters water column, and the material does not have processability.

[0006] Patent application No. 200410030821.6 discloses a solid buoyancy material prepared by chemical foaming, which uses chemical foaming material as core material and is wrapped with water-blocking layer, and the material density is less than 0.33g / cm 3It has a compressive strength of 5.5 MPa and a water absorption rate of less than 1%, which can meet the requirements of a water depth of 550 meters.

[0007] Patent application number 201910401492.8 describes a flexible, pressure-resistant buoyancy material, comprising a liquid silicone matrix, hollow microspheres, and a diluent. This buoyancy material possesses good elasticity and toughness, is not easily damaged in impacts, and can be cast in a single process as needed. Through the selection and proportioning of the microspheres, the density of the flexible buoyancy material can be achieved to be 0.5-0.8 g / cm³. 3 The compressive strength is 40-110 MPa. It can be used in the true full ocean depth from 2,000 meters to 10,000 meters. The preparation method used can greatly reduce the air bubbles inside the flexible material, thereby improving its compressive strength and reducing the water absorption rate. The prepared material has a compression deformation rate of less than 1% and a water absorption rate of less than 0.25% under 72 hours of 110 MPa hydrostatic pressure.

[0008] Patent application number 202410046001.3 discloses a deep-sea flexible pressure-resistant buoyancy material, comprising an elastomer, an incompressible liquid, and hollow glass microspheres; the elastomer contains at least one closed cavity that is not connected to the outside, and the cavity is filled with a mixture of incompressible liquid and hollow glass microspheres; this utility model ensures the buoyancy supply capacity, full-ocean-depth pressure resistance, and flexibility of the buoyancy material by setting a closed cavity in the elastomer to fill the incompressible liquid and hollow glass microspheres, and can be used in deep-sea flexible robots.

[0009] Patent application number 202310712259.8 discloses a deep-sea flexible pressure-resistant buoyancy material and its preparation method. The material is composed of lard as a matrix and hollow glass microspheres, with a mass ratio of lard to hollow glass microspheres of 100:(33-80). The density of the prepared material is 0.64-0.78 g / cm³. 3 It has a compression deformation rate of less than 1% at 70MPa, a water absorption rate of less than 0.25% after 72 hours, and a compressive strength of 70-110MPa. It is said to be able to serve water depths of over 5500 meters.

[0010] Patent application number 202310288370.9 discloses a deep-sea liquid robot with full-ocean-depth environment adaptability, including a support frame and several passive buoyancy adaptive modules. The flexible shell of each passive buoyancy adaptive module is filled with compressible liquid, and hollow glass microspheres that provide positive buoyancy are added to the compressible liquid in a specific proportion. This utility model optimizes the composition and dosage ratio of different compressible liquids so that the overall compressibility of the float can be consistent with the compressibility of seawater, thereby ensuring that the buoyancy change is always zero at different water depths, that is, always maintaining a neutral buoyancy state. It can achieve pressure balance and buoyancy balance at any depth and has full-ocean-depth environment adaptability without additional energy consumption during diving and surfacing.

[0011] Finally, there are buoyancy materials used in surface or shallow water. In the marine oil and gas and dredging industries, floating pipes are commonly used for transporting oil, gas, and dredging slurry. A floating pipe consists of a pipe and a float that provides buoyancy. The pipe can be a flexible or rigid tube. The float is typically a split hollow plastic pontoon, installed and fixed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the pipe to uniformly provide buoyancy, ensuring it maintains the proper buoyancy required for normal operation. To prevent water ingress and loss of buoyancy in case of damage to the hollow plastic pontoon, lightweight foam material can be filled inside.

[0012] During hose manufacturing, after the pressure-bearing layer is completed, an elastic, lightweight foam material can be wrapped around the outer layer. Then, a high-strength waterproof protective layer is wrapped around the outside of this lightweight foam material, giving the hose sufficient buoyancy to float on the water. Because of the elasticity of the lightweight foam material, the floating hose can be wound and stored on a reel. The advantage of this technical solution is that it reduces the amount of work required to install the float at the application site.

[0013] The existing technical solutions described above have the following drawbacks: In shipbuilding and marine engineering, materials with four properties are commonly used: high compressive strength, high tensile strength, high elasticity, and a density lower than freshwater / seawater to generate buoyancy. Engineers often select materials possessing one or more of these properties based on the actual needs of the application scenario. Generally, under the current technological background, the materials that can be manufactured and obtained are limited to the following types, which possess at most three of the above four properties and cannot meet the specific application requirements in shipbuilding and marine engineering and other industrial fields. Utility Model Content

[0014] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-compressive-strength, high-tensile-strength, highly elastic composite buoyancy material. This material is a flexible composite material that simultaneously possesses high compressive strength, high tensile strength, high elasticity, and a density lower than that of freshwater / seawater, enabling it to generate buoyancy. It can meet certain specific application needs in shipbuilding and marine engineering, as well as other industrial fields.

[0015] The above-mentioned utility model objective is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0016] A high compressive strength, high tensile strength, and high elastic composite buoyancy material includes a wear-resistant and weather-resistant protective layer. The wear-resistant and weather-resistant protective layer has several circularly arranged composite elastic layers inside. The composite elastic layers include a first synthetic fiber layer, a first elastic layer, a second synthetic fiber layer, and a second elastic layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top.

[0017] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the first elastic layer and the second elastic layer are rubber.

[0018] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the first elastic layer and the second elastic layer are SBS synthetic resin.

[0019] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the first synthetic fiber layer and the second synthetic fiber layer are in the form of equidistant parallel lines or a mesh;

[0020] If the second synthetic fiber layer is in the form of equidistant parallel lines, it is arranged at a 90-degree angle to the first synthetic fiber layer.

[0021] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the first elastic layer and the second elastic layer are respectively tightly bonded to the adjacent synthetic fiber layer, and through the gaps in the synthetic fiber layer, they are tightly bonded to the first elastic layer or the second elastic layer of the next layer to form a unified and continuous overall structure.

[0022] As a further technical solution of this utility model: hollow glass microspheres are uniformly distributed in the first elastic layer and the second elastic layer.

[0023] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the compressive strength of the hollow glass microspheres is 110 MPa, and the actual density is 460 kg / m³. 3 It has an average diameter of 20 μm and a softening temperature of 600℃.

[0024] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the first synthetic fiber layer and the second synthetic fiber layer are polyester fibers.

[0025] A method for preparing a high-compression, high-tensile, and highly elastic composite buoyancy material using rubber as a substrate, as described above, includes the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Raw material preparation. Select one of natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, or chloroprene rubber as the base material, and select polyester fiber filaments, hollow glass microspheres, and compounding agents.

[0027] Step 2, mixing: Rubber, hollow glass microspheres and compounding agents are added to mixing equipment, such as open mill or internal mixer, according to a certain formula ratio. Through mechanical stirring and shearing, the hollow glass microspheres and compounding agents are evenly dispersed in the rubber to form a compound.

[0028] Step 3: Calendering. The compounded rubber is calendered through a calender to form a rubber sheet of a certain thickness and width. The pretreated polyester synthetic fiber wire is introduced into the calender so that it is tightly bonded to the rubber sheet during the calendering process to form a rubber sheet blank with polyester fiber sandwiched in it. According to the target size of the flexible composite material board, the size of the rubber sheet is cut by a cutting machine.

[0029] Step 4: Stacking. Place the film, polyester synthetic fiber wire or mesh in the mold in a predetermined order and number of layers. After stacking, pre-press and compact it. Then cover the mold with the cover plate and lock it.

[0030] Step 5: Vulcanization. Hot pressing is carried out under certain temperature and pressure to further vulcanize and cure the rubber, while forming a good bond between the synthetic fibers and the rubber, and between the rubbers themselves. The vulcanization temperature is set between 140℃ and 180℃.

[0031] Step 6: Post-processing. After the vulcanized flexible composite material sheets undergo trimming and inspection, the qualified rubber-based flexible composite material sheets are packaged.

[0032] A method for preparing a high-compressive-strength, high-tensile-strength, highly elastic composite buoyancy material using SBS synthetic resin as a substrate, as described above, includes the following steps:

[0033] Step S1: Raw material preparation. SBS synthetic resin is selected as the base material, and polyester fiber wire, hollow glass microspheres and compounding agents are selected.

[0034] Step S2, mixing: SBS synthetic resin, hollow glass microspheres and compounding agents are added to a mixing equipment, such as an open mill or internal mixer, according to a certain formula ratio. The mixing is carried out at a temperature range of 150-200℃. Through mechanical stirring and shearing, the hollow glass microspheres and compounding agents are evenly dispersed in the SBS synthetic resin to form a mixture.

[0035] Step S3, calendering: The mixed SBS synthetic resin material is calendered through a calender to form a sheet of a certain thickness and width. The pretreated polyester synthetic fiber wire is introduced into the calender so that it is tightly bonded to the SBS synthetic resin sheet during the calendering process to form an SBS synthetic resin blank containing polyester fiber. According to the target size of the flexible composite material board, the sheet SBS synthetic resin is cut to size using a cutting machine.

[0036] Step S4: Stacking. Place the SBS synthetic resin sheets, polyester synthetic fiber wires or mesh sheets in the mold in a predetermined order and number of layers. After stacking, pre-press them, compact them, cover the mold with the cover plate and lock it.

[0037] Step S5: Molding. Place the mold in a hot press and perform hot pressing at a temperature of 180-220℃ and a pressure of 10-30MPa for 5-30 minutes.

[0038] Step S6, post-processing: After hot pressing, the mold is removed from the hot press and cooled to allow the board to cool and solidify, maintaining the shape after molding. After trimming and inspection, the qualified flexible composite material boards with SBS synthetic resin as the base material are packaged.

[0039] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0040] 1. Materials manufactured using existing technologies cannot simultaneously possess the four properties of high compressive strength, high tensile strength, high elasticity, and buoyancy due to their lower density than water. This fails to meet the specific application requirements in shipbuilding and marine engineering, as well as other industrial fields. To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention develops a structure and preparation method for a flexible composite material based on materials such as rubber or SBS synthetic resin. By selecting material components with appropriate properties and their proportions, the components are mutually compatible and form a unified whole. The resulting flexible composite material simultaneously possesses the four properties of high compressive strength, high tensile strength, high elasticity, and buoyancy due to its lower density than water, thus meeting the specific application requirements in shipbuilding and marine engineering, as well as other industrial fields. Its compressive strength can reach over 30-40 MPa, its tensile strength can reach over 20 MPa, it has high resilience, and its density can be as low as 700 kg / m³. 3 .

[0041] 2. This composite material can meet certain specific application requirements in shipbuilding and marine engineering and other industrial fields, such as for deep-sea applications (depths of 200m and above), applications requiring the ability to withstand large pressure and tension (withstanding deep-sea water pressure (2-40MPa) and load tension under operating conditions (not less than 20MPa), flexible / elastic (compensating for movement / displacement under operating conditions and facilitating roll-up and storage), and solid materials with positive buoyancy or zero buoyancy (providing positive buoyancy to the device or protecting the device from the adverse effects of positive buoyancy / gravity generated by it).

[0042] 3. The base material of this composite material is rubber or SBS synthetic resin or similar material, which has high compressive strength. The tensile strength of the polyester fiber introduced in the preparation process of this composite material is generally between 350-700MPa. The high tensile strength of the polyester fiber, after being well combined with the rubber or SBS synthetic resin or similar material as the base material, ensures the high tensile strength, high compressive strength and high shear strength of the composite material.

[0043] 4. The hollow glass microspheres introduced during the preparation of this composite material have an extremely small diameter (around 20 μm), comparable to the diameter of flour particles. This characteristic allows them to be fully mixed with other compounding agents or additives and similar materials such as rubber or SBS synthetic resin used as the base material, and to be distributed as evenly as possible. This prevents discontinuity and cracking of the base material, thus ensuring the high tensile strength, high compressive strength, high shear strength, and high elasticity of the composite material.

[0044] 5. The hollow glass microspheres introduced in this utility model are made of glass, which has stable physical and chemical properties. They will not react physically or chemically with the substrate or other compounding agents or additives, nor will they have a negative impact on the mechanical properties of the composite material. This ensures that the composite material has high compressive strength, high tensile strength, high compressive strength, high shear strength and high elasticity.

[0045] 6. The actual density of the hollow glass microspheres introduced in this invention is as low as 460 kg / m³. 3 Furthermore, its glass material is a special glass with good thermal stability, and its softening temperature is not lower than 600℃. When rubber is used as the base material for this composite material, the vulcanization temperature of commonly used rubber is lower than 200℃. When SBS synthetic resin and similar materials are used as the base material, the melting temperature is also lower than 200℃. Neither of these will cause the hollow glass microspheres to soften and lose their ability to maintain their shape, thereby ensuring the low density and buoyancy characteristics of the composite material.

[0046] 7. In the mixing, calendering, stacking, vulcanization / molding and post-treatment processes of this composite material preparation method, no impact load or impact force is applied. Moreover, the hollow glass microspheres introduced have a compressive strength of up to 110 MPa, which can ensure that most of the hollow glass microspheres will not break, thereby ensuring the low density / buoyancy characteristics of the composite material, while also ensuring the high compressive strength of the composite material. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0048] Reference numerals: 1. Wear-resistant and weather-resistant protective layer; 2. Composite elastic layer; 21. First synthetic fiber layer; 22. First elastic layer; 23. Second synthetic fiber layer; 24. Second elastic layer. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] This utility model relates to a flexible composite material that simultaneously possesses high compressive strength, high tensile strength, high elasticity, and a density less than that of freshwater / seawater, thus generating buoyancy. The finished product is a long, solid or hollow rod, the cross-section of which can be a solid or hollow circle, ellipse, rectangle, rhombus, or other regular or irregular shape; the finished product is a flat plate with a length and width much greater than its thickness; the finished product can also be in the form of a sphere, ellipsoid, cuboid, or polyhedron, or other shapes.

[0053] The structure of this flexible composite material will be illustrated below using a sheet material as an example.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] Reference Figure 1The present invention discloses a high compressive strength, high tensile strength, and high elastic composite buoyancy material, including a wear-resistant and weather-resistant protective layer 1. The wear-resistant and weather-resistant protective layer 1 has a plurality of circularly arranged composite elastic layers 2 inside it. The composite elastic layers 2 include a first synthetic fiber layer 21, a first elastic layer 22, a second synthetic fiber layer 23, and a second elastic layer 24 arranged from bottom to top.

[0056] The first elastic layer 22 and the second elastic layer 24 are made of rubber, and the first synthetic fiber layer 21 and the second synthetic fiber layer 23 are made of polyester fiber. In this embodiment, the wear-resistant and weather-resistant protective layer 1 is made of NBR nitrile rubber.

[0057] The first synthetic fiber layer 21 and the second synthetic fiber layer 23 are arranged in an equidistant parallel line or mesh pattern; if the second synthetic fiber layer 23 is arranged in an equidistant parallel line pattern, it is arranged at a 90-degree angle to the first synthetic fiber layer 21, so that the composite material exhibits isotropic mechanical properties. The region shown in number 6 is composed of several cyclic arrangements of numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4.

[0058] The first elastic layer 22 and the second elastic layer 24 are tightly bonded to the adjacent synthetic fiber layers, and through the gaps in the synthetic fiber layers, they are tightly bonded to the next layer of first elastic layer 22 or second elastic layer 24, forming a unified and continuous overall structure. Figure 1 The dimensions of each layer in the diagram do not represent actual dimensions, but only their relative positions. In terms of material mass percentage, rubber or synthetic resin accounts for the majority, while synthetic fibers account for a smaller portion. Rubber or synthetic resin provides the compressive strength and shear strength of the composite material, while synthetic fibers provide the tensile strength.

[0059] Hollow glass microspheres are uniformly distributed in the first elastic layer 22 and the second elastic layer 24. The compressive strength of the hollow glass microspheres is 110 MPa, and the actual density is 460 kg / m³. 3 It has an average diameter of 20 μm and a softening temperature of 600℃.

[0060] Hollow glass microspheres (compressive strength 110 MPa, actual density 460 kg / m³) are uniformly mixed into the main component of the composite material, namely rubber or synthetic resin, at a mass ratio of 100:5-100:40. 3 With an average diameter of 20 μm and a softening temperature of 600℃, it has a low density, which makes the average density of the composite material less than that of water, thus generating positive buoyancy; it has high compressive strength and a high melting point, resulting in an extremely low breakage rate during production; its small average diameter means that when it is uniformly mixed in the main material, it has little impact on the bonding between the molecules of the original main material; its composition is glass, and its chemical properties are stable, so it will not react chemically with other components during production.

[0061] A method for preparing a high-compression, high-tensile, and highly elastic composite buoyancy material using rubber as a substrate, as described above, includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Raw material preparation. Select the appropriate rubber type as the base material according to the requirements of the board. Choose one of natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, or chloroprene rubber as the base material. The rubber should have good elasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties. Also select polyester fiber filaments, hollow glass microspheres and compounding agents.

[0063] Polyester synthetic fibers: Based on the performance requirements of the board, polyester fiber yarns, felts, or sheets with suitable specifications (such as fiber density, monofilament fineness, and fabric structure) and properties (such as strength, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance) are selected as reinforcing materials. Pre-treatment of the polyester fibers, such as removing surface oil, impurities, and moisture, can be achieved through methods like washing and drying to enhance adhesion to rubber. It is important to note that the density of the synthetic fibers should not be too high; sufficient space must be left so that adjacent rubber sheets on both sides of the polyester synthetic fibers can fully bond together.

[0064] Hollow glass microspheres: Their main function is to reduce the density of the finished product, enabling it to generate sufficient buoyancy when used in water. Based on the stress conditions and water depth under which the flexible composite material sheet is used, the required tensile strength, compressive strength, density, and other indicators are determined. The compressive strength, density, diameter, and melting point of the hollow glass microspheres are then selected, and the type and quantity of hollow glass microspheres are determined accordingly.

[0065] Compounding agents include vulcanizing agents, accelerators, activators, antioxidants, and fillers. These compounding agents can improve the processing properties and physical and mechanical properties of rubber.

[0066] Step 2: Mixing. Rubber, hollow glass microspheres, and compounding agents are added to a mixing device, such as an open mill or internal mixer, according to a specific formula ratio. Through mechanical stirring and shearing, the hollow glass microspheres and compounding agents are evenly dispersed in the rubber to form a compound. During the mixing process, parameters such as temperature, time, and the order of addition need to be carefully controlled to ensure the quality of the compound. In this embodiment, the formula ratio of rubber, hollow glass microspheres, and compounding agents is 6:3:1, and the mixing temperature is 170℃-220℃.

[0067] Step 3: Calendering. The compounded rubber is calendered using a calender to produce a sheet of a certain thickness and width. During calendering, parameters such as the roller gap, speed, and temperature of the calender can be adjusted to control the thickness and surface quality of the sheet. A small amount of pretreated polyester synthetic fiber filaments are introduced into the calender to ensure close adhesion between the rubber sheet and the calender. By adjusting the fiber conveying speed and calender parameters, a good bonding effect between the two is ensured, forming a rubber sheet blank containing a small amount of polyester fiber. The sheet is then cut to size using a cutting machine according to the target dimensions of the flexible composite material sheet.

[0068] Step 4: Stacking. Place the film, polyester synthetic fiber wire or mesh in the mold in a predetermined order and number of layers. When stacking, pay attention to the balance of the materials in the plane and the height difference should not be too large. After stacking, pre-press and compact the material. Then cover the mold with the cover plate and lock it. Multi-layer molds can be used to improve space utilization efficiency.

[0069] Step 5: Vulcanization. Hot pressing is performed under certain temperature and pressure to further vulcanize and cure the rubber, while forming a good bond between the synthetic fibers and the rubber, and between the rubbers themselves. The vulcanization temperature is set between 140℃ and 180℃, the pressure is set between 20MPa and 50MPa, and the hot pressing time is 20min to 40min.

[0070] Vulcanization is a key process in the production of flexible composite material sheets. It causes cross-linking reactions in rubber molecules, forming a three-dimensional network structure, thereby improving the physical and mechanical properties and chemical stability of the flexible composite material sheets. Vulcanization is usually carried out in a vulcanizing tank or a flat vulcanizing machine, and parameters such as vulcanization temperature, time, and pressure need to be carefully controlled. The vulcanization temperature is generally between 140℃ and 180℃, and the vulcanization time depends on the thickness of the sheet and the type of rubber, generally ranging from tens of minutes to several hours.

[0071] Step 6: Post-processing. After the vulcanized flexible composite material sheets undergo trimming and inspection, the qualified rubber-based flexible composite material sheets are packaged.

[0072] Trimming: The vulcanized flexible composite material sheet may have some rough edges and burrs, which need to be trimmed to make its size and shape meet the requirements.

[0073] Inspection: The appearance, dimensions, and physical and mechanical properties of the sheets are inspected to ensure that the product quality meets standards and customer requirements. Inspection items include thickness, width, length, hardness, density, tensile strength, elongation at break, and bond strength.

[0074] Packaging: The inspected and qualified flexible composite material sheets with rubber as the base material are packaged, usually using packaging materials such as plastic film and woven bags, to prevent the sheets from being damaged during transportation and storage.

[0075] Example 2:

[0076] Reference Figure 1 A high-elasticity composite buoyancy material with high compressive and tensile strength, which differs from Example 1 in that the first elastic layer 22 and the second elastic layer 24 are SBS synthetic resin.

[0077] A method for preparing a high-compressive-strength, high-tensile-strength, highly elastic composite buoyancy material using SBS synthetic resin as a substrate, as described above, includes the following steps:

[0078] Step S1: Raw material preparation. SBS synthetic resin is selected as the base material, and polyester fiber wire, hollow glass microspheres and compounding agents are selected.

[0079] Based on the requirements of the board application, select the appropriate type of SBS resin as the base material, taking into full account factors such as its molecular weight, molecular structure, and the ratio of styrene to butadiene, in order to meet the final performance requirements of the board, such as hardness, elasticity, and tensile strength.

[0080] Polyester synthetic fibers: Based on the performance requirements of the board, select polyester fiber yarns, felts, or sheets with suitable specifications (such as fiber density, monofilament fineness, and fabric structure) and properties (such as strength, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance) as reinforcing materials. Pre-treat the polyester fibers, such as removing surface oil, impurities, and moisture, using methods like washing and drying, to enhance adhesion to SBS synthetic resin. Note that the density of the synthetic fibers should not be too high; sufficient space must be left so that adjacent synthetic resin fibers on both sides can fully bond together.

[0081] Hollow glass microspheres: Their main function is to reduce the density of the finished product, enabling it to generate sufficient buoyancy when used in water. Based on the stress conditions and water depth under which the flexible composite material sheet is used, the required tensile strength, compressive strength, density, and other indicators are determined. The compressive strength, density, diameter, and melting point of the hollow glass microspheres are then selected, and the type and quantity of hollow glass microspheres are determined accordingly.

[0082] Compounding agents: Additives such as plasticizers, anti-aging agents, lubricants, and fillers are added as needed. Plasticizers improve the flexibility and processing performance of SBS synthetic resin; anti-aging agents prevent SBS synthetic resin from aging and deteriorating during use, extending the service life of the sheets; lubricants help improve flowability during processing; fillers can reduce costs and improve certain properties of the sheets, such as hardness and dimensional stability. These compounding agents can improve the processing performance and physical and mechanical properties of SBS synthetic resin.

[0083] Step S2: Mixing. SBS synthetic resin, hollow glass microspheres, and compounding agents are added to a mixing device, such as an open mill or internal mixer, according to a certain formula ratio. The mixing is carried out at a temperature range of 150-200℃ and an appropriate speed. Through mechanical stirring and shearing, the hollow glass microspheres and compounding agents are evenly dispersed in the SBS synthetic resin to form a mixture. During the mixing process, it is necessary to control parameters such as temperature, time, and feeding sequence to ensure the quality of the mixture.

[0084] Step S3, calendering: The mixed SBS synthetic resin material is calendered through a calender to form sheets of a certain thickness and width. The roller temperature is adjusted between 160-180℃, and the appropriate speed and gap are controlled to ensure the thickness, uniformity, and surface quality of the material. Simultaneously, a small amount of pretreated polyester synthetic fiber is introduced into the calender, allowing it to adhere tightly to the SBS synthetic resin sheet during the calendering process. By adjusting the fiber conveying speed and calender parameters, a good bonding effect between the two is ensured, forming an SBS synthetic resin blank containing polyester fibers. The sheet SBS synthetic resin is then cut to the desired size according to the target dimensions of the flexible composite material sheet using a cutting machine.

[0085] Step S4: Stacking. Place the SBS synthetic resin sheets, polyester synthetic fiber wires or mesh sheets in the mold in a predetermined order and number of layers. After stacking, pre-press them, compact them, and then cover and lock the mold cover plate. Multi-layer molds can be used to improve space utilization efficiency.

[0086] Step S5: Molding. Place the mold in a hot press and hot press at a temperature of 180-220℃ and a pressure of 10-30MPa for 5-30 minutes. The hot pressing time depends on the thickness of the sheet and the size of the mold, but is generally 5-30 minutes. During this process, the SBS synthetic resin further melts and flows, forming a stronger bond with the polyester fibers and giving the sheet the desired shape and dimensional accuracy.

[0087] Step S6: Post-processing. After hot pressing, remove the mold from the hot press and cool it. Natural cooling or forced cooling (such as air cooling or water cooling) can be used to cool and solidify the board and maintain its shape. During cooling, prevent the board from being impacted or deformed by external forces.

[0088] After being hot-pressed and formed, the flexible composite material sheets undergo trimming and inspection processes. The qualified flexible composite material sheets with SBS synthetic resin as the base material are then packaged.

[0089] Trimming: Flexible composite material sheets after hot pressing may have some rough edges and burrs, which need to be trimmed to remove edge burrs and uneven parts, so that the surface is smooth, the dimensions are accurate, and it meets the technical requirements.

[0090] Inspection: The appearance, dimensions, and physical and mechanical properties of the sheets are inspected to ensure that the product quality meets standards and customer requirements. Inspection items include thickness, width, length, hardness, density, tensile strength, elongation at break, and bond strength.

[0091] Packaging: The inspected and qualified flexible composite material sheets based on SBS synthetic resin are packaged, usually using packaging materials such as plastic film and woven bags, to prevent the sheets from being damaged during transportation and storage.

[0092] The principle of this invention is as follows: Materials manufactured using existing technologies cannot simultaneously possess the four properties of high compressive strength, high tensile strength, high elasticity, and a density lower than water to generate buoyancy, thus failing to meet certain specific application requirements in shipbuilding and marine engineering, as well as other industrial fields. To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention develops a structure and preparation method for a flexible composite material based on materials such as rubber or SBS synthetic resin. By selecting material components with appropriate properties and their proportions, the components are made mutually compatible and form a unified whole. The resulting flexible composite material simultaneously possesses the four properties of high compressive strength, high tensile strength, high elasticity, and a density lower than water to generate buoyancy, thus meeting certain specific application requirements in shipbuilding and marine engineering, as well as other industrial fields. Its compressive strength can reach over 30-40 MPa, its tensile strength can reach over 20 MPa, it has high resilience, and its density can be as low as 700 kg / m³. 3 .

[0093] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high pressure resistant, high tensile resistant, high elasticity composite buoyancy material, characterized in that, The wear-resistant weather-resistant protective layer (1) is internally provided with a plurality of cyclically arranged composite elastic layers (2), and the composite elastic layer (2) comprises a first synthetic fiber layer (21), a first elastic layer (22), a second synthetic fiber layer (23) and a second elastic layer (24) arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

2. A high compression resistant, high tension resistant, high elasticity composite buoyancy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first elastic layer (22) and the second elastic layer (24) are rubber.

3. A high compression resistant, high tension resistant, high elasticity composite buoyancy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first elastic layer (22) and the second elastic layer (24) are SBS synthetic resin.

4. A high compression resistant, high tension resistant, high elasticity composite buoyancy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first synthetic fiber layer (21) and the second synthetic fiber layer (23) are equidistant parallel lines or nets. When the second synthetic fiber layer (23) is equidistant parallel lines, it is arranged at a 90-degree angle with the first synthetic fiber layer (21).

5. A high compression resistant, high tension resistant, high elasticity composite buoyancy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first elastic layer (22) and the second elastic layer (24) are respectively tightly combined with the adjacent synthetic fiber layer, and through the gap of the synthetic fiber layer, they are tightly combined with the first elastic layer (22) or the second elastic layer (24) of the next layer, forming a unified and continuous overall structure.

6. A high compression, high tension, high elasticity composite buoyancy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first elastic layer (22) and the second elastic layer (24) are provided with uniformly distributed hollow glass beads.

7. A high compression, high tension, high elasticity composite buoyancy material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hollow glass microsphere has a compressive strength of 110 MPa, a practical density of 460 kg / m 3 , an average diameter of 20 μm, and a softening temperature of 600℃.

8. A high compression, high tension, high elasticity composite buoyancy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first synthetic fiber layer (21) and the second synthetic fiber layer (23) are polyester fibers.

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