Open fire dryer with suspended combustion hearth

Abstract

The open fire drying machine comprises a machine shell, a combustion chamber, a drying chamber and an ash storage chamber located below the combustion chamber are arranged in the machine shell, the combustion hearth is arranged at the lower end of the combustion chamber, the combustion hearth is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe which is of a fold line structure and extends upwards, and the smoke exhaust pipe is of a heat conduction structure. A combustion chamber air inlet is formed in the upper end of the combustion chamber; one end of the upper end and the lower end of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air inlet communicated with the lower end of the combustion chamber, the other end of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber air outlet for discharging air in the drying chamber, and the combustion hearth is arranged in the combustion chamber in a suspended mode and communicated with the ash storage chamber through a plurality of ash outlet pipes. According to the open fire dryer with the suspended combustion hearth, heat of the combustion hearth can be quickly and sufficiently transferred to air for drying, and the problems that heat of a combustion hearth of an existing open fire dryer is much lost and cannot be sufficiently and quickly exchanged are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of food drying equipment technology, and in particular to an open flame dryer with a suspended combustion furnace. Background Technology

[0002] In food processing, it is sometimes necessary to dry fresh foods (such as bayberries and tea leaves). There are two methods for drying food: sun-drying and drying with a dryer. Some dryers are electrically heated, while others are heated by fuel combustion (i.e., open flame heating). The dryer used in rural households for drying bayberries is an open flame dryer, which uses firewood for heating. The basic structure of this dryer includes a casing, inside which are a combustion chamber and a drying chamber for storing the material to be dried. The lower end of the combustion chamber has a combustion furnace, and the combustion furnace has an upward-extending flue pipe with a zigzag structure. The flue pipe is a heat-conducting structure. The upper end of the combustion chamber has an air inlet for the combustion chamber. At the upper and lower ends of the drying chamber, one end has an air inlet for the drying chamber that communicates with the lower end of the combustion chamber, and the other end has an air outlet for the drying chamber that discharges the gas inside the drying chamber. The open-flame dryer has the following shortcomings: the combustion chamber is directly set on the bottom wall of the combustion chamber, and the heated air only flows through the upper part of the combustion chamber and the exhaust pipe, resulting in a large amount of heat loss through the combustion chamber. The current solution is to fill the lower side of the combustion chamber with refractory mud for insulation. However, this method prevents the heat from the combustion chamber from being carried away by the air to the drying chamber in a timely and sufficient manner, which also results in poor energy-saving effect. The flue gas and the heated exhaust gas will carry away a large amount of heat. When heating and drying food, the hot air can only flow in one direction, resulting in poor heating uniformity. Objects located at the air inlet dry quickly, while objects located at the air outlet dry slowly. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to provide an open flame dryer in which the heat of the combustion furnace can be quickly and fully transferred to the air for drying, and the combustion furnace is suspended in the air. This solves the problem that the heat of the combustion furnace of existing open flame dryers is lost in large quantities and cannot be fully and quickly exchanged away.

[0004] The following technical problem is solved by the following technical solution: A fire-fired dryer with a suspended combustion furnace includes a casing, a combustion chamber and a drying chamber for storing and drying materials inside the casing, a combustion furnace at the lower end of the combustion chamber, an upwardly extending exhaust pipe with a zigzag structure, the exhaust pipe being a heat-conducting structure, and an air inlet at the upper end of the combustion chamber; the drying chamber has an air inlet at one end communicating with the lower end of the combustion chamber and an air outlet at the other end for discharging the gas inside the drying chamber, characterized in that it further includes an ash storage chamber located below the combustion chamber, the combustion furnace being suspended inside the combustion chamber, and the combustion furnace communicating with the ash storage chamber through several ash discharge pipes. During operation, fuel (such as wood) is burned in the combustion chamber, while the material to be dried is stored in the drying chamber. Air enters from the air inlet in the combustion chamber and flows out from the air inlet in the drying chamber, finally exiting the casing from the air outlet in the drying chamber. As the air flows through the combustion chamber, it is heated by the exhaust pipe and the combustion chamber to form hot air. This hot air then dries the material as it flows through the drying chamber. The suspended combustion chamber allows all the dissipated heat to be absorbed by the flowing air, thus saving energy and ensuring that more heat is transferred to the material being dried using the same amount of fuel. In existing systems, the combustion chamber is directly connected to the casing on one side, resulting in heat loss and waste on the side in contact with the casing, leading to high energy consumption during drying.

[0005] Preferably, the system also includes a blower for blowing air into the ash storage chamber, which is a sealed structure. When combustion is incomplete, the blower is used to ensure complete combustion.

[0006] Preferably, an intake pipe extending into the combustion chamber is fitted onto the outlet section of the exhaust pipe. The outlet end of the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe form the air inlet of the combustion chamber. The intake pipe is a heat-conducting structure, and an exhaust pipe is fitted onto it. The inlet end of the exhaust pipe is sealed to the intake pipe. The exhaust pipe has an intake branch pipe connecting to the drying chamber, and the inlet end of the intake branch pipe forms the air outlet of the drying chamber. This design allows for preheating of the intake air using exhaust gas and heated exhaust gas, resulting in good energy savings. The stable exhaust gas, being hotter than heated exhaust gas and free of water, is heated inside the intake pipe, leading to higher heat recovery efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, the portion of the exhaust pipe located inside the intake pipe is inclined with the inlet end lower than the outlet end, and the exhaust pipe is inclined with the inlet end higher than the outlet end. This ensures smooth oxygen discharge, which leads to more complete combustion. It also prevents the condensate produced in the heated exhaust gas from flowing back (heating fresh items, such as bayberries, produces a large amount of water vapor).

[0008] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is a thermally conductive metal structure, which allows for better condensation of water vapor in the heated exhaust gas.

[0009] Preferably, the upper end of the combustion chamber is equipped with a fan that generates downward airflow, and the fan blades are located below the air intake of the combustion chamber. This allows for smooth airflow circulation without backflow.

[0010] Preferably, the drying chamber is provided with a return air vent connecting to the combustion chamber, the return air vent being located above the fan blades. The air outlet of the drying chamber is provided with an air outlet panel that can be opened to close the return air vent. This allows the air exhausted from the drying chamber to return to the combustion chamber when the items are dried to a low water vapor content, thereby achieving energy savings.

[0011] Preferably, the system also includes a temperature sensor that detects a stable temperature within the drying chamber. The top of the combustion chamber is equipped with a cold air inlet, which has a door panel for opening and closing. When a stable high temperature is detected, the cold air inlet is opened, allowing some air to enter directly without preheating, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling.

[0012] Preferably, an air inlet is formed between the outlet end of the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe, and the air inlet is equipped with a dust removal screen. This improves air cleanliness, resulting in cleaner dried items.

[0013] Preferably, the drying chamber is provided with several pairs of support strips distributed along the vertical direction. Two support strips in the same pair are connected to the left and right side walls of the drying chamber, and the support strips extend in the front and back direction. A drying chamber door is provided on the front side of the drying chamber. Two support strips in the same pair support the left and right sides of a storage tray with a breathable structure. In use, materials are stored on the storage tray for drying, and the breathable structure allows for faster drying.

[0014] Preferably, the drying chamber is equipped with a horizontal partition at its upper end, which separates an exhaust chamber and a storage chamber at the upper end of the drying chamber. The exhaust port of the drying chamber is located in the exhaust chamber. The horizontal partition has a first exhaust port. The storage chamber has an inner vertical partition on the side facing the combustion chamber and an outer vertical partition on the side away from the combustion chamber. The inner vertical partition separates an air inlet channel within the storage chamber. The lower end of the air inlet channel has an exhaust port for the drying chamber that communicates with the combustion chamber. The lower end of the inner vertical partition has a lower air inlet and the upper end has an upper air inlet. The horizontal partition separates an exhaust channel within the storage chamber. The lower end of the exhaust channel has a second exhaust port that communicates with the drying chamber, and the upper end communicates with the exhaust chamber through the exhaust port of the connecting channel. When hot air is input into the drying chamber through the lower air inlet, it exits through the first exhaust port. When hot air is input into the drying chamber through the upper air inlet, it exits through the second exhaust port. This allows the airflow direction to be either from top to bottom or vice versa during drying, thus facilitating the start of drying.

[0015] Preferably, the lower air intake is hinged to a lower door panel via a lower hinge shaft extending in the front-to-back direction. The lower hinge shaft is located above the lower air intake, and the lower door panel can be opened to close the lower end of the air intake channel, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the upper air intake. This is a technical solution for controlling the switching of the air intake.

[0016] Preferably, the end of the first air outlet furthest from the drying chamber is hinged to an upper door panel via an upper hinge shaft extending in the front-rear direction. The upper door panel can be opened to close the second air outlet. This provides a technical solution for switching between the first and second air outlets.

[0017] Preferably, the system includes a main switch cable, a lower fixed pulley, and an upper fixed pulley. One end of the lower switch cable is connected to the lower hinge shaft, and the other end passes over the lower fixed pulley and is connected to one end of the main switch cable. One end of the upper switch cable is connected to the upper hinge shaft, and the other end passes over the upper fixed pulley and is connected to one end of the main switch cable. The other end of the main switch cable passes through a guide hole and exits the housing. The distance from the connection point of the lower switch cable and the lower hinge shaft to the axis of the lower hinge shaft is equal to the distance from the connection point of the upper switch cable and the upper hinge shaft to the axis of the upper hinge shaft. The lower hinge shaft is equipped with an upper spring that drives the lower door panel to close the first outlet, and the upper hinge is equipped with a drive for the upper door panel. In use, when the main switch cable is pulled, the lower switch cable drives the lower hinge shaft to rotate, causing the lower door panel to close the lower end of the air intake channel and opening the lower air intake. The upper switch cable drives the upper hinge shaft to rotate, causing the upper door panel to close the second air outlet, i.e., the air outlet channel, allowing air to exit through the first air outlet.

[0018] Preferably, a water collection tray is provided below the drying chamber, and a condensation screen is provided above the water collection tray. The inlet end of the air outlet channel is located below the condensation screen. This allows for the condensation and storage of water from the dried air.

[0019] Preferably, there are two drying chambers, which are distributed on the left and right sides of the combustion chamber. This improves heat utilization efficiency.

[0020] Preferably, the housing is provided with a heat insulation layer, which can reduce energy consumption.

[0021] This invention has the following advantages: good energy saving effect; it can fully and quickly transfer the heat in the combustion chamber to the air used for heating; the heat carried away by the flue gas and heating exhaust gas is small; it can quickly adjust the temperature when heating with an open flame; the airflow direction in the drying chamber can be changed, so that the food in the drying chamber can be dried evenly. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention viewed in cross-section through a vertical plane extending to the left and right.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point B;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment when viewed in section through a vertically extending plane.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion at point C;

[0027] Figure 6 Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point D.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Casing; 2. Combustion chamber; 3. Drying chamber; 4. Combustion furnace; 5. Exhaust pipe; 6. Tail section; 7. Air inlet of combustion chamber; 8. Air inlet of drying chamber; 9. Air outlet of drying chamber; 10. Ash storage chamber; 11. Ash discharge pipe; 50. Blower; 12. Door of ash storage chamber; 13. Air inlet pipe; 14. Exhaust pipe; 15. Air inlet branch pipe; 16. Fan shaft; 17. Fan blades; 18. Fan motor; 19. Cold air inlet; 20. Cold air inlet door panel; 21. Dust collector screen; 22. Support strip; 23. Storage tray; 24. Horizontal partition; 25. Exhaust chamber; 26. Storage compartment. 26. Chamber 27. First air outlet 28. Inner vertical partition 29. Outer vertical partition 30. Air inlet 31. Lower air inlet 32. Air outlet 33. Second air outlet 34. Air outlet of connecting passage 35. Lower hinge 36. Lower door panel 37. Upper hinge 38. Upper door panel 39. Main switch pull cable 40. Lower fixed pulley 41. Upper fixed pulley 42. Lower switch pull rope 43. Upper switch pull rope 44. Guide hole 45. Water receiving tray 46. Condensate screen 47. Furnace bridge 51. Return air inlet 52. Air outlet door panel 53. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] See Figures 1 to 6 An open-flame dryer with a suspended combustion furnace includes a casing 1, within which are a combustion chamber 2 and a drying chamber 3 for storing and drying materials. There are two drying chambers, located on the left and right sides of the combustion chamber. The casing is equipped with a heat insulation layer. A combustion furnace 4 is located at the lower end of the combustion chamber, connected to an upward-extending flue pipe 5 with a zigzag structure. The flue pipe has a straight tail section 6. The generated ash can be separated from the burning fuel in a timely manner. A furnace bridge 51 is provided inside the combustion furnace, making the flue pipe a heat-conducting structure. An air inlet 7 is located at the upper end of the combustion chamber; at the upper and lower ends of the drying chamber, one end has a drying chamber air inlet 8 communicating with the lower end of the combustion chamber, and the other end has a drying chamber air outlet 9 for discharging the gas from the drying chamber. It also includes an ash storage chamber 10 located below the combustion chamber, with the combustion furnace suspended within it, and the combustion furnace communicating with the ash storage chamber via several ash discharge pipes 11. It also includes a blower 50 for blowing air into the ash storage chamber, which is a sealed structure. The outlet end of the blower is connected to the door 12 of the ash storage chamber.

[0031] During operation, fuel (such as wood) is burned in the combustion chamber, while the material to be dried is stored in the drying chamber. Air enters from the air inlet in the combustion chamber and flows out from the air inlet in the drying chamber, finally exiting the casing from the air outlet in the drying chamber. As the air flows through the combustion chamber, it is heated by the exhaust pipe and the combustion chamber to form hot air. This hot air then dries the material as it flows through the drying chamber. The suspended combustion chamber allows all the dissipated heat to be absorbed by the flowing air, thus saving energy and ensuring that more heat is transferred to the material being dried using the same amount of fuel. In existing systems, the combustion chamber is directly connected to the casing on one side, resulting in heat loss and waste on the side in contact with the casing, leading to high energy consumption during drying.

[0032] An intake pipe 13 extending into the combustion chamber is fitted onto the outlet section of the exhaust pipe. An intake port 7 for the combustion chamber is formed between the outlet end of the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe. The intake pipe has a heat-conducting structure. The ash discharge pipe has an insulated structure. An exhaust pipe 14 is fitted onto the intake pipe. The inlet end of the exhaust pipe is sealed to the intake pipe. The exhaust pipe has an intake branch pipe 15 connecting to the drying chamber. The inlet end of the intake branch pipe forms an exhaust port 9 for the drying chamber. The portion of the exhaust pipe inside the intake pipe, i.e., the tail section, is inclined with the inlet end lower than the outlet end, while the exhaust pipe is inclined with the inlet end higher than the outlet end. The exhaust pipe has a heat-conducting metal structure. A fan generating downward airflow is provided at the upper end of the combustion chamber. The fan includes a vertically mounted fan shaft 16, fan blades 17 connected to the fan shaft, and a fan motor 18 driving the fan shaft to rotate. The fan blades are located below the intake port of the combustion chamber. It also includes a temperature sensor that detects a stable temperature inside the drying chamber. A cold air inlet 19 is located at the top of the combustion chamber, and a cold air inlet door panel 20 is provided to switch the cold air inlet on and off. An air inlet is formed between the exhaust pipe and the outlet end of the intake pipe, and a dust removal screen 21 is provided at the air inlet.

[0033] The drying chamber is provided with several pairs of support strips distributed in the vertical direction. Two support strips 22 in the same pair are connected to the left and right side walls of the drying chamber. The support strips extend in the front and back direction. The front side of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber door. Two support strips in the same pair support a storage tray 23 with a breathable structure. Figure 1The image only shows the left and right sides of a storage tray. A horizontal partition 24 is provided at the top of the drying chamber, separating an exhaust chamber 25 and a storage chamber 26. The exhaust port of the drying chamber is located in the exhaust chamber, and a first exhaust port 27 is provided on the horizontal partition. An inner vertical partition 28 is provided on the side of the storage chamber facing the combustion chamber, and an outer vertical partition 29 is provided on the side away from the combustion chamber. The inner vertical partition separates an air inlet channel 30 within the storage chamber, and the lower end of the air inlet channel has an exhaust port 8 for the drying chamber that communicates with the combustion chamber. The lower end of the inner vertical partition has a lower air inlet 31, and the upper end has an upper air inlet 32. The right-hand partition separates an exhaust channel 33 within the storage chamber, and the lower end of the exhaust channel has a second exhaust port 34 that communicates with the drying chamber, while the upper end communicates with the exhaust chamber through an exhaust port 35 in the connecting channel section. When hot air is introduced into the drying chamber through the lower air inlet, it exits through the first air outlet. When hot air is introduced into the drying chamber through the upper air inlet, it exits through the second air outlet. The lower air inlet is hinged to a lower door panel 37 via a lower hinge shaft 36 extending in the front-to-back direction. The lower hinge shaft is located above the lower air inlet, and the lower door panel can be opened to close the lower end of the air inlet channel, thereby opening and closing the upper air inlet. The end of the first air outlet furthest from the drying chamber is hinged to an upper door panel 39 via an upper hinge shaft 38 extending in the front-to-back direction. The upper door panel can be opened to close the air outlet of the connecting channel. It also includes a main switch cable 40, a lower fixed pulley 41, and an upper fixed pulley 42. One end of the lower switch cable 43 is connected to the lower hinge shaft, and the other end passes over the lower fixed pulley and is connected to one end of the main switch cable. One end of the upper switch cable 44 is connected to the upper hinge shaft, and the other end passes over the upper fixed pulley and is connected to one end of the main switch cable. The other end of the main switch cable passes through the guide hole 45 and exits the housing. The distance from the connection point of the lower switch cable and the lower hinge shaft to the axis of the lower hinge shaft is equal to the distance from the connection point of the upper switch cable and the upper hinge shaft to the axis of the upper hinge shaft. The lower hinge shaft is equipped with an upper spring that drives the lower door panel to close the first outlet, and the upper hinge is equipped with a drive for the upper door panel. In use, when the main switch cable is pulled, the lower switch cable drives the lower hinge shaft to rotate, causing the lower door panel to close the lower end of the air intake channel and opening the lower air intake. The upper switch cable drives the upper hinge shaft to rotate, causing the upper door panel to close the second air outlet, i.e., the air outlet channel, allowing air to exit through the first air outlet. A water collection tray 46 is located below the drying chamber, and a condensation screen 47 is located above the water collection tray. The inlet end of the air outlet channel is located below the condensation screen. The drying chamber has a return air vent 52 that connects to the combustion chamber. The return air vent is located on the exhaust branch pipe. The return air vent is located above the fan blades. The air outlet of the drying chamber is equipped with an air outlet panel 53 that can be opened to close the return air vent.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A direct-fired drying machine with a suspended combustion chamber, comprising a casing, a combustion chamber and a drying chamber for storing materials to be dried are arranged in the casing, a combustion chamber is arranged at the lower end of the combustion chamber, an upwardly extending flue with a broken line structure is arranged in the combustion chamber, the flue is of heat-conducting structure, a combustion chamber inlet is arranged at the upper end of the combustion chamber; the upper and lower ends of the drying chamber are provided with a drying chamber inlet communicating with the lower end of the combustion chamber and a drying chamber outlet for discharging the gas in the drying chamber, characterized in that, The ash storage chamber is arranged below the combustion chamber, and the combustion furnace is suspended in the combustion chamber and communicates with the ash storage chamber through several ash discharge pipes.

2. A direct-fired dryer having a combustion chamber suspended from a support structure as defined in claim 1, wherein: An air blower is arranged to blow air into the ash storage chamber, and the ash storage chamber is a sealed structure.

3. The direct-fired dryer having a combustion chamber suspended according to claim 1, wherein An air inlet pipe is sleeved on the outlet section of the smoke exhaust pipe and extends into the combustion chamber, the outlet end of the air inlet pipe and the smoke exhaust pipe form the combustion chamber air inlet, the air inlet pipe is a heat conducting structure, an exhaust pipe is sleeved on the air inlet pipe, the inlet end of the exhaust pipe is sealingly connected with the air inlet pipe, the exhaust pipe is provided with an air inlet branch pipe which communicates with the drying chamber, and the inlet end of the air inlet branch pipe forms the drying chamber air outlet.

4. A direct-fired dryer having a combustion chamber suspended from a support structure as defined in claim 3, wherein: The portion of the smoke exhaust pipe in the air inlet pipe is inclined with the inlet end lower than the outlet end, and the exhaust pipe is inclined with the inlet end higher than the outlet end.

5. A direct-fired oven according to claim 4, wherein The exhaust pipe is a heat conducting metal structure.

6. A direct-fired dryer having a combustion chamber suspended from a support structure as defined in claim 3, wherein: The upper end of the combustion chamber is provided with a fan which generates downward air, and the fan blades of the fan are arranged below the combustion chamber air inlet.

7. A direct-fired oven according to claim 6, wherein A temperature sensor is arranged to detect the stable temperature in the drying chamber, the top of the combustion chamber is provided with a cold air inlet, and the cold air inlet is provided with a cold air inlet door plate which opens and closes the cold air inlet.

8. A direct-fired dryer having a combustion chamber suspended from a support structure as defined in claim 3, wherein: The air inlet is formed between the outlet end of the air inlet pipe and the smoke exhaust pipe, and the air inlet is provided with a dust removal net.

9. The direct-fired oven of claim 1, wherein: The drying chamber is provided with a plurality of strip pairs which are distributed in the up-down direction, the two strips in the same strip pair are connected to the left and right side walls of the drying chamber, the strips extend in the front-back direction, the front side of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber door, and the two strips in the same strip pair hold the left and right sides of the air permeable storage tray.

10. The direct-fired dryer having a combustion chamber suspended according to claim 1, wherein The machine shell is provided with a heat insulation layer.

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