Battery and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery and electric equipment, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The battery comprises a battery monomer and a functional part, a pressure relief mechanism is arranged on one side of the single battery along the first direction; the functional part is positioned on one side, provided with the pressure relief mechanism, of the battery monomer, and comprises a thermal management part and a protection part; a thermal management member attached to the battery cell, the thermal management member for adjusting a temperature of the battery cell; the protection member is connected to the thermal management member and covers at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism. The protection part is connected to the thermal management part to be integrated into a functional part, so that the thermal management part and the protection part can be firstly formed into an integral structure and then assembled on the same side of the single battery in the battery assembly process, the installation procedure is simplified, and the battery assembly difficulty is reduced. In addition, the protection piece and the heat management piece are arranged on the same side of the battery monomer, so that the internal space of the box body of the battery is reasonably utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicles use rechargeable batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and solid-state batteries, which have significant advantages such as high energy density and good cycle performance. These batteries are widely used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, power tools, drones, and energy storage devices. Simplifying battery manufacturing processes is beneficial for improving battery production efficiency and is of great significance for promoting the development of battery technology. Therefore, how to simplify battery assembly processes is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed in the battery industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a battery and an electrical device to reduce the difficulty of battery assembly.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery, including a battery cell and a functional component; the battery cell is provided with a pressure relief mechanism on one side along a first direction; the functional component is located on the side of the battery cell where the pressure relief mechanism is provided, and the functional component includes a thermal management component and a protective component; the thermal management component is attached to the battery cell and is used to regulate the temperature of the battery cell; the protective component is connected to the thermal management component and covers at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism.

[0005] In the above technical solution, the protective component is integrated with the thermal management component as a functional part. Therefore, during battery assembly, the thermal management component and the protective component can be formed into a single structure before being assembled on the same side of the battery cell, simplifying the installation process and reducing the difficulty of battery assembly. Furthermore, placing the protective component and the thermal management component on the same side of the battery cell facilitates the efficient use of the internal space of the battery casing.

[0006] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, along the first direction, the projection of the protective member in a plane perpendicular to the first direction covers the entire projection of the pressure relief mechanism in a plane perpendicular to the first direction.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the protective component covers the entire pressure relief mechanism, so that the emissions emitted from the pressure relief mechanism can be blocked by the protective component as much as possible, reducing the risk that the high-temperature gas emitted from the pressure relief mechanism will spread to other locations and damage other battery structures or cause a fire.

[0008] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the thermal management component is provided with a clearance hole for circumventing a pressure relief mechanism; along a first direction, a protective component is connected to the side of the thermal management component away from the battery cell and covers at least a portion of the clearance hole.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the clearance hole of the thermal management component avoids the pressure relief mechanism, which can prevent the thermal management component from interfering with the pressure relief mechanism. The protective component is connected to the side of the thermal management part away from the battery cell and covers at least a part of the clearance hole. It can not only block the emissions from the pressure relief mechanism, but the thickness of the thermal management component in the first direction can also increase the distance between the pressure relief mechanism and the protective component, which is conducive to the smooth opening of the pressure relief mechanism.

[0010] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, a first flow channel is formed inside the protective member, the first flow channel being used to contain a fluid medium.

[0011] In the above technical solution, a first flow channel is formed inside the protective component. If the first flow channel contains a fluid medium, it can increase the specific heat capacity of the protective component, thereby better playing the role of heat insulation and fire prevention.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, a second flow channel for containing a fluid medium is formed inside the thermal management component, and the first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the first flow channel and the second flow channel are connected, which allows the fluid medium in the first flow channel and the second flow channel to circulate with each other, improves the heat exchange capacity, and enables the thermal management device to better regulate the temperature of the battery cell.

[0014] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the battery further includes a unidirectional conductor configured to allow fluid medium in the second channel to flow into the first channel and to prevent fluid medium in the first channel from flowing into the second channel.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the unidirectional guide component allows the fluid medium to flow only from the second flow channel to the first flow channel. When the protective component is damaged due to the interaction with the high-temperature gas discharged by the pressure relief mechanism, the fluid medium can flow from the second flow channel to the first flow channel and flow from the damaged point to the pressure relief mechanism to achieve cooling and fire extinguishing, thereby reducing the risk of safety accidents.

[0016] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the first flow channel has a medium outlet and the second flow channel has a medium inlet.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the first flow channel and the second flow channel have a medium outlet and a medium inlet, respectively, which facilitates the circulation of the fluid medium inside the protective component and the thermal management component, thereby helping to regulate the temperature of the battery cell and maintain a large specific heat capacity of the protective component.

[0018] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the clearance hole penetrates at least one edge of the thermal management component along a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the clearance hole penetrates at least one edge of the thermal management component in the second direction, thus forming a discharge channel in the second direction. After the pressure relief mechanism is opened, the discharge material can be discharged along the second direction, improving the discharge efficiency and reducing the risk of secondary accidents caused by the discharge material discharged from the pressure relief mechanism accumulating in the clearance hole due to the obstruction of the protective component.

[0020] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, along a first direction, the protective member has a first surface facing and connected to the thermal management member, the first surface is provided with a groove, the groove extends through at least one edge of the protective member along a second direction, the groove communicates with a clearance hole, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the groove penetrates at least one edge of the protective member along the second direction. The groove is connected to the clearance hole. After the pressure relief mechanism is opened, it can quickly exhaust gas in the groove along the second direction, improve the exhaust efficiency, and reduce the risk of secondary accidents caused by the gas discharged from the pressure relief mechanism accumulating in the clearance hole.

[0022] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the protective member includes a connected body portion and an extension portion, the body portion being connected to the side of the thermal management member opposite to the battery cell, and the extension portion extending from the body portion into a clearance hole.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the extension portion extends into the clearance hole to form a positioning fit with the clearance hole, improving the relative stability of the thermal management component and the protective component. When a first flow channel is formed inside the protective component, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel corresponding to the extension portion is larger, which can accommodate more fluid medium, resulting in a larger specific heat capacity at the extension portion and improving the protective capability of the protective component.

[0024] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, a gap is formed between the pressure relief mechanism and the protective element along a first direction.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the pressure relief mechanism and the protective component form a gap in the first direction, which facilitates the smooth opening of the pressure relief mechanism to release the pressure inside the battery cell, thereby reducing the risk of safety accidents such as battery explosion and fire.

[0026] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the size of the gap along the first direction is h, which satisfies 0.2mm≤h≤5mm.

[0027] In the above technical solution, if the gap is too large in the first direction, the structure of the functional components and battery cells will not be compact and will occupy a lot of space. If the gap is too small in the first direction, the pressure relief mechanism may not be able to open to relieve pressure. Therefore, 0.2mm≤h≤5mm can make the overall structure formed by the functional components and battery cells more compact and can also enable the pressure relief mechanism to open smoothly to relieve pressure.

[0028] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the area of ​​the pressure relief mechanism is S, and the size of the gap along the first direction is h, satisfying...

[0029] In the above technical solution, the larger the pressure relief area of ​​the pressure relief mechanism, the larger the space required to open and achieve pressure relief, thus h ≥ This allows the pressure relief mechanism to open a certain area to achieve pressure relief.

[0030] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application,

[0031] In the above technical solution, This allows the pressure relief mechanism to open to a larger area, thus enabling rapid pressure relief.

[0032] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the battery further includes an adhesive layer, through which the thermal management component is connected to the battery cell.

[0033] In the above technical solution, the thermal management components are connected to the battery cells through an adhesive layer, which has good connection stability, so that the functional components and the battery cells have a stable relative positional relationship. Moreover, the connection method is simple and reduces the assembly difficulty of the battery cells.

[0034] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the melting point of the material of the protective element is A, which satisfies A≤1600℃.

[0035] In the above technical solution, if the melting point of the protective component material is too high, and a first flow channel is formed inside the protective component and the first flow channel contains a fluid medium, the protective component is not easily melted. As a result, the fluid medium inside the protective component is sprayed out to the pressure relief mechanism during the pressure relief process, thereby playing a role in cooling and extinguishing the fire. A≤1600℃, which can not only block the high-temperature gas and other emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism, but also melt in time when the temperature of the high-temperature gas and other emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism is too high, so that the internal fluid medium is sprayed out for cooling and extinguishing the fire, thereby reducing the risk of serious safety accidents such as explosions and fires.

[0036] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, A ≤ 800°C.

[0037] In the above technical solution, if A > 800℃, the internal temperature of the battery needs to be higher than 800℃ for the protective components to melt, which may damage other components of the battery with weaker temperature resistance. Therefore, A ≤ 800℃ can not only block the high-temperature gas and other emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism, but also melt in time when the temperature of the emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism is too high, so that the internal fluid medium can be sprayed out for cooling and fire extinguishing, thereby reducing the risk of serious safety accidents such as explosions and fires, and also reducing the risk of other internal components of the battery being damaged by high temperature.

[0038] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the volume of the protective member is V1, in dm. 3 The battery capacity is C, with the unit being Ah, and satisfies 1≤V1 / C.

[0039] In the above technical solution, the larger the battery capacity, the greater the amount and temperature of the discharge when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches the point where the pressure relief mechanism opens to release pressure. This also places higher demands on the protective components' ability to block the discharge. Therefore, 1≤V1 / C ensures that the protective components' ability to block the discharge is matched with the battery capacity, so that the protective components can better perform their functions of heat insulation and fire prevention, i.e., better fire protection.

[0040] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, V1 / C ≤ 10.

[0041] In the above technical solution, if V1 / C is too large, the blocking ability of the protective component to block the emissions will far exceed the blocking ability that matches the battery capacity. This not only wastes performance but also makes the protective component too large and occupies a lot of space. Therefore, V1 / C≤10 can make the blocking ability of the protective component slightly larger than the blocking ability that matches the battery capacity, reducing performance waste and ensuring that the size of the protective component is not too large, thus reducing the space occupied by the protective component.

[0042] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the volume of the thermal management component is V2, satisfying V1 / V2≤0.5.

[0043] In the above technical solution, the temperature regulation capability of the thermal management component is generally matched with the battery capacity. The larger the battery capacity, the higher the temperature regulation capability required of the thermal management component. When 1≤V1 / C, if the thermal management component is too large, its temperature regulation capability will exceed the theoretically required temperature regulation capability of the battery, resulting in performance waste. Moreover, an excessively large thermal management component will occupy more space. Therefore, V1 / V2≤0.5 is used to match the temperature regulation capability of the thermal management component with the battery capacity, reduce performance waste, and also prevent the thermal management component from becoming too large, thus reducing the space occupied by the thermal management component.

[0044] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, V1 / V2 ≤ 0.2.

[0045] In the above technical solution, if V1 / V2 is greater than 0.2, the thermal management component will still have a large performance waste under the condition that the battery capacity is fixed. Therefore, V1 / V2≤0.2 can reduce performance waste and also prevent the thermal management component from being too large, thus reducing the space occupied by the thermal management component.

[0046] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, each battery cell is provided with at least one pressure relief mechanism, and the thermal management component is provided with a plurality of clearance holes, the clearance holes being provided one-to-one with the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell.

[0047] In the above technical solution, the clearance holes are set one-to-one with the pressure relief mechanisms of the battery cells, which facilitates the release of internal pressure of each battery cell by each pressure relief mechanism and improves the safety performance of the battery.

[0048] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the battery includes a plurality of protective members, each of which covers a clearance hole.

[0049] In the above technical solution, each protective component covers the corresponding clearance hole, which facilitates the replacement of the protective component. During the replacement process, only the damaged part of the protective component needs to be replaced, instead of replacing all the protective components, thus reducing losses and saving costs.

[0050] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, a protective member covers multiple clearance holes.

[0051] In the above technical solution, one protective component covers multiple clearance holes, which can reduce the number of protective components for the battery; it can also reduce the number of parts that need to be assembled, thereby reducing assembly difficulty and improving assembly efficiency.

[0052] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the battery cell further has electrode terminals for outputting electrical energy of the battery cell, and the functional components are disposed on the side of the battery cell opposite to the electrode terminals.

[0053] In the above technical solution, the functional components are located on the side of the battery cell away from the electrode terminals, which facilitates the connection between the electrode terminals and other internal structures of the battery to output the electrical energy of the battery cell. This also reduces the risk of interference between the functional components and other internal structures of the battery.

[0054] In some embodiments of the first aspect of this application, the battery cell further has electrode terminals for outputting electrical energy of the battery cell, the functional components and the electrode terminals are located on the same side of the battery cell, and the thermal management components are arranged to avoid the electrode terminals.

[0055] In the above technical solution, the functional components and electrode terminals are located on the same side of the battery cell, and the thermal management components are arranged to avoid the electrode terminals. In this way, the functional components can utilize the space where the electrode terminals protrude from the end cap, thereby improving the space utilization rate inside the battery and improving the energy density of the battery.

[0056] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including the battery provided in any embodiment of the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0057] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in the prior art;

[0059] Figure 2 This application provides structural schematic diagrams of vehicles for some embodiments;

[0060] Figure 3 This application provides schematic diagrams of the battery structure for some embodiments.

[0061] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0062] Figure 5 This application provides schematic diagrams of the battery structure for some embodiments thereof;

[0063] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the battery structure provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0064] Figure 7 This application provides schematic diagrams of the battery structure in some further embodiments.

[0065] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management component provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0066] Figure 9 Cross-sectional views of thermal management components provided for other embodiments of this application;

[0067] Figure 10 Schematic diagrams of the structure of the protective element provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0068] Figure 11 Cross-sectional view of the protective element provided for other embodiments of this application;

[0069] Figure 12 An exploded view of a battery provided in some further embodiments of this application;

[0070] Figure 13 for Figure 12 An exploded view of part of the battery structure;

[0071] Figure 14 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0072] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the battery structure provided in some further embodiments of this application.

[0074] Icons: 1000 - Vehicle; 100′, 100 - Battery; 10 - Housing; 11 - First Part; 12 - Second Part; 20′, 20 - Battery Cell; 21 - End Cap; 22 - Housing; 221 - Opening; 23 - Electrode Assembly; 231 - Tab; 24′, 24 - Electrode Terminal; 25′, 25 - Pressure Relief Mechanism; 30 - Functional Component; 31′, 31 - Thermal Management Component; 311 - Clearance Hole; 311a - First Discharge Channel; 312 - Second Flow Channel; 3121 - Medium Inlet; 313 - Through Hole; 32′, 32 - Protective Component; 321 - First flow channel; 3211- Medium outlet; 3212- Channel section; 3213- Receiving section; 322- First surface; 323- Groove; 323a- Second discharge channel; 324- Body section; 325- Extension section; 40- One-way guide; 50- Gap; 60- Adhesive layer; 70- Support structure; 71- Connecting section; 72- First hollow section; 73- Second hollow section; 74- First limiting section; 75- First space; 76- Second limiting section; 77- Second space; 200- Controller; 300- Motor; X- First direction; Y- Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0076] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0077] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0078] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0079] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0080] Currently, judging from market trends, the application of power batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. Power batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of power battery applications, market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0081] In this application, the battery cell may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these. The battery cell may be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to their packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, cuboid / square battery cells, and pouch battery cells, and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these.

[0082] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack. A battery generally includes a housing for encapsulating one or more battery cells.

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery 100' includes a battery cell 20', a thermal management component 31', and a protective component 32'. The thermal management component 31' is used to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20'. The protective component 32' covers the pressure relief mechanism 25'. When the pressure relief mechanism 25' is opened, the high-temperature gas and other emissions released can be blocked by the protective component 32', so as to play a role in heat insulation and fire prevention.

[0084] The inventors found that the thermal management component 31' and the protective component 32' are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the battery cell 20'. Generally, the electrode terminals 24' and the pressure relief mechanism 25' of the battery cell 20' are arranged on the same side of the battery cell 20'. The thermal management component 31' is arranged on the side of the battery cell 20' away from the electrode terminals 24' to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20'. The protective component 32' is arranged on the side of the electrode terminals 24' and covers the pressure relief mechanism 25'. This requires the thermal management component 31' and the protective component 32' to be installed on opposite sides of the battery cell 20' respectively. This not only makes the installation process complicated and the assembly difficult, but also occupies the space on both sides of the battery cell 20', resulting in unreasonable space utilization.

[0085] Based on the above considerations, in order to alleviate the problems of high assembly difficulty and unreasonable space utilization of battery 100, the inventors, after in-depth research, designed a battery 100, which includes a battery cell 20 and a functional component 30; the battery cell 20 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 25 on one side along the first direction v; the functional component 30 is located on the side of the battery cell 20 where the pressure relief mechanism 25 is provided, and the functional component 30 includes a thermal management component 31 and a protective component 32; the thermal management component 31 is attached to the battery cell 20 and is used to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20; the protective component 32 is connected to the thermal management component 31 and covers at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism 25.

[0086] The protective component 32 is connected to the thermal management component 31 and integrated to form a functional component 30. In the process of assembling the battery 100, the thermal management component 31 and the protective component 32 can be formed into an integral structure and then assembled on the same side of the battery cell 20, which simplifies the installation process and reduces the difficulty of assembling the battery 100.

[0087] In addition, the protective component 32 and the thermal management component 31 are located on the same side of the battery cell 20, which is conducive to making reasonable use of the internal space of the battery 100 housing 10.

[0088] The battery 100 disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical equipment such as vehicles 1000, ships or aircraft. It can also be used in power systems that incorporate the battery 100 disclosed in this application, which helps to reduce the assembly difficulty of the battery 100 in the electrical equipment.

[0089] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0090] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 2 The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0092] In some embodiments of this application, the battery 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0093] Please refer to Figure 3 The battery 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, with the battery cell 20 housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 provides a space for the battery cell 20 and can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, which overlap each other, together defining a space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second portion 12 may be a hollow structure with an opening 221 at one end to form a cavity for accommodating the battery cell 20. The first portion 11 may be a plate-like structure, covering the opening 221 side of the second portion 12, so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together define the accommodating space. Alternatively, both the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be hollow structures with an opening 221 on one side to form a cavity for accommodating the battery cell 20, with the opening 221 side of the first portion 11 overlapping the opening 221 side of the second portion 12. Of course, the box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0094] In battery 100, there can be multiple battery cells 20, which can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel configurations. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 20 is housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, battery 100 can also be composed of multiple battery cells 20 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a whole, which is also housed within the housing 10. Battery 100 may also include other structures; for example, it may include a busbar component for electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.

[0095] In some embodiments, the battery 100 may also include a busbar (not shown), through which multiple battery cells 20 can be electrically connected to each other to achieve series, parallel, or mixed connection of multiple battery cells 20.

[0096] Each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery 100 or a primary battery 100; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery 100, a sodium-ion battery 100, or a magnesium-ion battery 100, but is not limited to these. The battery cell 20 can be flat, cuboid, or other shapes.

[0097] Battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that makes up battery 100. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a housing 22, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.

[0098] End cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening 221 of housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of housing 22 to fit it. Optionally, end cap 21 can be made of a material with certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that end cap 21 is not easily deformed under pressure and impact, allowing battery cell 20 to have higher structural strength and improved safety performance. Functional components such as electrode terminals 24 can be provided on end cap 21. Electrode terminals 24 can be used for electrical connection with electrode assembly 23 to output or input electrical energy to battery cell 20. In some embodiments, end cap 21 can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism 25 for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The material of end cap 21 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose special limitations on this. In some embodiments, an insulating element may be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21. The insulating element can be used to isolate the electrical connection components within the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating element may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

[0099] The housing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. This internal environment can accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and the end cap 21 can be independent components. An opening 221 can be provided on the housing 22, and the end cap 21 can close the opening 221 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can form a common connecting surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the housing 22, the end cap 21 closes the housing 22. The housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The material of the housing 22 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. This application embodiment does not impose any special limitations on this.

[0100] Electrode assembly 23 is the component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur. The casing 22 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 23. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode plates, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode plates. The portions of the positive and negative electrode plates containing active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 23, while the portions of the positive and negative electrode plates without active material each constitute tabs 231. The positive and negative tabs 231 may be located together at one end of the main body or separately at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery 100, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 231 connect to the electrode terminals 24 to form a current loop.

[0101] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery 100 includes a battery cell 20 and a functional component 30; the battery cell 20 is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 25 on one side along a first direction X; the functional component 30 is located on the side of the battery cell 20 where the pressure relief mechanism 25 is provided, and the functional component 30 includes a thermal management component 31 and a protective component 32; the thermal management component 31 is attached to the battery cell 20 and is used to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20; the protective component 32 is connected to the thermal management component 31 and covers at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism 25.

[0102] The pressure relief mechanism 25 can refer to an element or component that is actuated to release internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a predetermined threshold. This threshold design varies depending on design requirements. The threshold may depend on one or more materials of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator in the battery cell 20. The pressure relief mechanism 25 can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, explosion-proof disc, gas valve, pressure relief valve, or safety valve, and can specifically employ pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive elements or structures. That is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches the predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 25 actuates or a weak structure within the pressure relief mechanism 25 is damaged, thereby forming an opening 221 or channel for releasing internal pressure or temperature.

[0103] The pressure relief mechanism 25 can be disposed on the end cap 21 of the battery cell 20 or on the housing 22 of the battery cell 20. The pressure relief mechanism 25 and the electrode terminal 24 can be located on the same side of the battery cell 20. The pressure relief mechanism 25 and the electrode terminal 24 can be located on different sides of the battery cell 20, for example, the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the electrode terminal 24 can be located on opposite sides of the battery cell 20 along the first direction X.

[0104] The thermal management component 31 can raise the temperature of the battery cell 20. For example, when the ambient temperature is too low and the battery cell 20 cannot charge or discharge normally, the thermal management component 31 can raise the temperature of the battery cell 20 to enable it to charge and discharge normally. The thermal management component 31 can also be used to lower the temperature of the battery cell 20. For example, if the temperature of the battery cell 20 rises during charging or discharging, or if the ambient temperature of the battery cell 20 is too high, the thermal management component 31 can cool the battery cell 20 to maintain its normal operating temperature and reduce the possibility of safety accidents.

[0105] The protective component 32 has good high temperature resistance. The protective component 32 is used to block the emissions from the battery cell 20 through the pressure relief mechanism 25. The emissions from the battery cell include high temperature gas, electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the separator, high temperature and high pressure gas generated by the reaction, flames, etc.

[0106] The material of the protective component 32 can be iron, steel, copper, gold, aluminum, magnesium, etc.

[0107] If the protective member 32 covers at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism 25, then the protective member 32 and the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 25 in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X at least partially overlap. When the pressure relief mechanism 25 releases the pressure inside the battery cell 20, at least a portion of the discharge from the battery cell 20 via the pressure relief mechanism 25 can be blocked by the protective member 32 to prevent the high-temperature discharge from contacting other structures inside the battery 100 or to delay the time that the high-temperature discharge contacts other structures inside the battery 100, thereby reducing the risk of high-temperature damage to other structures inside the battery 100 and reducing the risk of fire, explosion, or other safety accidents caused by the high temperature caused by the pressure relief mechanism 25.

[0108] The thermal management component 31 and the battery cell 20 can be in contact or connected, for example, the thermal management component 31 and the battery cell 20 can be bonded together by an adhesive.

[0109] When the protective component 32 is connected to the thermal management component 31, the protective component 32 and the thermal management component 31 are integrated into one unit. The protective component 32 and the thermal management component 31 can be fixedly connected, such as by welding. The protective component 32 and the thermal management component 31 can also be detachably connected, such as by snap-fit ​​connection. In some other embodiments, the thermal management component 31 and the protective component 32 can also be integrally formed.

[0110] The protective component 32 is integrated with the thermal management component 31 as a functional component 30. Therefore, during the assembly of the battery 100, the thermal management component 31 and the protective component 32 can be formed into an integral structure before being assembled on the same side of the battery cell 20, simplifying the installation process and reducing the difficulty of assembling the battery 100. Furthermore, the fact that the protective component 32 and the thermal management component 31 are located on the same side of the battery cell 20 facilitates the efficient use of the internal space of the battery 100's casing 10.

[0111] In some embodiments, along the first direction X, the projection of the protective member 32 in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X covers the entire projection of the pressure relief mechanism 25 in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0112] It can be understood that if the protective component 32 completely covers the pressure relief mechanism 25, then all the emissions discharged from the battery cell 20 through the pressure relief mechanism 25 can act on the protective component 32. The protective component 32 can prevent the emissions from moving further to other positions inside the battery 100 along the injection direction or change the movement path of the emissions, so as to delay the time for the emissions to act on other structures inside the battery 100, which is beneficial to the cooling of the emissions.

[0113] If the protective component 32 covers the entire pressure relief mechanism 25, the emissions emitted from the pressure relief mechanism 25 can be blocked by the protective component 32 as much as possible, reducing the risk of high temperature damage to other internal structures of the battery 100 and causing safety accidents such as fire and explosion carried by the emissions emitted from the pressure relief mechanism 25.

[0114] The projections of the thermal management component 31 and the protective component 32 onto the surface perpendicular to the first direction X may or may not overlap.

[0115] Please continue to refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 In some embodiments, the thermal management component 31 is provided with a clearance hole 311 for clearance of the pressure relief mechanism 25; along the first direction X, the protective component 32 is connected to the side of the thermal management component away from the battery cell 20 and covers at least a portion of the clearance hole 311.

[0116] The shape of the clearance hole 311 is not limited; it can be a round hole, a square hole, a strip hole, or other irregularly shaped holes. The shape of the clearance hole 311 can also match the shape of the pressure relief mechanism 25. For example, if the pressure relief mechanism 25 is elliptical, then the shape of the clearance hole 311 can also be elliptical. Along the first direction X, the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 25 onto the thermal management component 31 lies within the clearance hole 311. Along the first direction X, the pressure relief mechanism 25 can extend into or outside the clearance hole 311.

[0117] The protective component 32 and the thermal management component 31 can be connected by welding, bonding or other methods. The protective component 32 is connected to the side of the thermal management component 31 away from the battery cell 20, and the projections of the protective component 32 and the thermal management component 31 in the plane perpendicular to the first direction X can at least partially overlap.

[0118] The clearance hole 311 of the thermal management component 31 avoids the pressure relief mechanism 25, thus preventing the thermal management component 31 from interfering with the pressure relief mechanism 25. The protective component 32 is connected to the side of the thermal management component 31 away from the battery cell 20 and covers at least a part of the clearance hole 311. It not only blocks the emissions from the pressure relief mechanism 25, but the thickness of the thermal management component 31 in the first direction X also increases the distance between the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the protective component 32, which is conducive to the smooth opening of the pressure relief mechanism 25 to relieve pressure.

[0119] In some embodiments, a first flow channel 321 is formed inside the protective member 32, the first flow channel 321 being used to contain a fluid medium.

[0120] The first flow channel 321 can be a closed space. The first flow channel 321 can also be a space with openings 221 at both ends, so that the fluid medium can flow along the extension direction of the first flow channel 321.

[0121] The fluid medium contained in the first flow channel 321 can be a gas or a liquid, such as air or water.

[0122] The protective component 32 has a first flow channel 321 inside. If the first flow channel 321 contains a fluid medium, it can increase the specific heat capacity of the protective component 32, thereby better playing the role of heat insulation and fire prevention.

[0123] Please continue to refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 In some embodiments, a second flow channel 312 for containing a fluid medium is formed inside the thermal management component 31, and the first flow channel 321 and the second flow channel 312 are connected.

[0124] The first flow channel 321 and the second flow channel 312 are connected to form a closed space, within which the fluid medium is confined. The first flow channel 321 and the second flow channel 312 can form a space with an outlet and an inlet, so that the fluid medium can flow along the extension direction of the first flow channel 321 and the second flow channel 312.

[0125] The first flow channel 321 and the second flow channel 312 are connected, which allows the fluid medium in the first flow channel 321 and the second flow channel 312 to circulate with each other, thereby improving the heat exchange capacity and enabling the thermal management component 31 to better regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20.

[0126] In some embodiments, after the first flow channel 321 and the second flow channel 312 are connected, the fluid medium in the first flow channel 321 can flow into the second flow channel 312, and the fluid medium in the second flow channel 312 can also flow into the first flow channel 321.

[0127] In other embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the battery 100 also includes a one-way flow element 40, which is configured to allow fluid medium in the second flow channel 312 to flow to the first flow channel 321 and to prevent fluid medium in the first flow channel 321 from flowing to the second flow channel 312.

[0128] That is, only the fluid medium in the second flow channel 312 can flow into the first flow channel 321, while the fluid medium in the first flow channel 321 cannot flow into the second flow channel 312. The one-way guide element 40 can be a one-way valve.

[0129] The unidirectional guide 40 allows the fluid medium to flow only from the second flow channel 312 to the first flow channel 321. When the protective component 32 is damaged due to the interaction with the high-temperature gas discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 25, the fluid medium can flow from the second flow channel 312 to the first flow channel 321 and flow from the damaged point to the pressure relief mechanism 25 to achieve cooling and fire extinguishing, thereby reducing the risk of safety accidents.

[0130] In some embodiments, the first flow channel 321 has a medium outlet 3211 ( Figure 13 As shown in the figure, the second flow channel 312 has a medium inlet 3121 ( Figure 13 (as shown in the image).

[0131] The fluid medium can enter the first flow channel 321 from the medium inlet 3121 and flow into the second flow channel 312, and finally be discharged from the medium outlet 3211. The medium inlet 3121 can be connected to a feeding device that provides the fluid medium, and the medium outlet 3211 can be connected to a return device that collects the fluid medium, wherein the return device and the feeding device can be the same.

[0132] The first flow channel 321 and the second flow channel 312 have a medium outlet 3211 and a medium inlet 3121, respectively, which facilitates the circulation of the fluid medium inside the protective component 32 and the thermal management component 31, thereby helping to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20 and maintain a large specific heat capacity of the protective component 32.

[0133] The emissions from the pressure relief mechanism 25, once blocked, need to be discharged promptly to effectively reduce the risk of safety accidents involving the battery cells 20. Therefore, as Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, in some embodiments, along the second direction Y, the clearance hole 311 penetrates at least one edge of the thermal management component 31, and the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0134] The clearance hole 311 penetrates one edge of the heat management component 31 in the second direction. In the second direction, the heat management component forms a first discharge channel extending in the second direction, and the discharged material can be discharged in the direction in which the clearance hole 311 penetrates the edge of the heat management component 31. The second direction is any direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0135] The clearance hole 311 can penetrate one edge of the thermal management component 31 along the second direction Y, or it can penetrate multiple edges. In the embodiment where the clearance hole 311 penetrates multiple edges of the thermal management component 31 along the second direction Y, multiple first discharge channels can be formed in the circumferential direction of the pressure relief mechanism 25, which is beneficial to improving discharge efficiency.

[0136] like Figure 8 As shown, the first discharge channel 311a can penetrate two opposite surfaces of the thermal management component 31 along a first direction. Figure 9 As shown, the first discharge channel 311a can extend along a first direction to one surface of the thermal management component 31.

[0137] The clearance hole 311 penetrates at least one edge of the thermal management component 31 in the second direction, thus forming a discharge channel in the second direction. After the pressure relief mechanism 25 is opened, the discharge can be discharged in the second direction, thereby improving the discharge efficiency and reducing the risk of secondary accidents caused by the discharge from the pressure relief mechanism 25 accumulating in the clearance hole 311 due to the obstruction of the protective component 32.

[0138] In an embodiment where the protective member 32 is connected to the side of the thermal management member 31 away from the battery cell 20, along the first direction X, the protective member 32 has a first surface 322 facing the thermal management member 31 and connected to the thermal management member 31. The first surface 322 is provided with a groove 323. The groove 323 penetrates at least one edge of the protective member 32 along the second direction. The groove 323 communicates with the clearance hole 311. The first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0139] The groove 323 and the clearance hole 311 are connected. The groove 323 penetrates at least one edge of the protective member 32 in the second direction. The protective member 32 is formed with a second discharge channel extending in the second direction. In the second direction, the discharge can be discharged through the clearance hole 311 and the groove 323 in sequence.

[0140] like Figure 10 As shown, the second discharge channel 323a can penetrate two opposite surfaces of the protection 32 along the first direction, that is, along the first direction X, the groove 323 extends to the other surface opposite to the first surface 322. Figure 10The area defined by the dashed line can be the area covering the clearance hole 311 in the first direction and opposite to the pressure relief mechanism 25. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the second discharge channel 323a can extend along the first direction X to one surface of the protective member 32, that is, along the first direction X, there is a distance between the bottom surface of the groove 323 and another surface of the protective member 32 opposite to the first surface 322 in the first direction X.

[0141] The groove 323 may penetrate one edge of the protective member 32 along the second direction, or it may penetrate multiple edges. In an embodiment where the groove 323 penetrates multiple edges of the protective member 32 along the second direction, the groove 323 forms multiple second discharge channels 323a extending along the second direction and communicating with the clearance hole 311. The emissions can be discharged simultaneously from the multiple second discharge channels 323a, which is beneficial to improving emission efficiency.

[0142] The groove 323 extends through at least one edge of the protective member 32 along the second direction. The groove 323 communicates with the clearance hole 311. After the pressure relief mechanism 25 is opened, it can quickly exhaust gas in the groove 323 along the second direction, improve the exhaust efficiency, and reduce the risk of secondary accidents caused by the gas discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 25 accumulating in the clearance hole 311.

[0143] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 11 In some embodiments, the protective member 32 includes a connected body portion 324 and an extension portion 325. The body portion 324 is connected to the side of the thermal management member 31 opposite to the battery cell 20, and the extension portion 325 extends from the body portion 324 into the clearance hole 311.

[0144] The body portion 324 and the thermal management component 31 are stacked in the first direction X. The edge of the body portion 324 may extend beyond the edge of the thermal management component 31, or the edge of the thermal management component 31 may extend beyond the edge of the body portion 324. Figure 5 , Figure 6 (As shown), or the edge of the body 324 is flush with the edge of the thermal management component 31. Figure 7 (As shown).

[0145] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 11As shown, in the embodiment where a first flow channel 321 is formed inside the protective member 32, a channel portion 3212 is formed inside the body portion 324, and a receiving portion 3213 is formed inside the extension portion 325. The channel portion 3212 and the receiving portion 3213 are connected at the connection position between the body portion 324 and the extension portion 325, and the channel portion 3212 and the receiving portion 3213 together constitute the first flow channel 321. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel 321 at the overlapping position of the channel portion 3212 and the receiving portion 3213 is larger than that at other positions, and the flow rate of the first flow channel 321 at the overlapping position of the channel portion 3212 and the receiving portion 3213 is greater than that at other positions of the first flow channel 321, which can accommodate more fluid medium. The overlapping position of the first flow channel 321 at the channel portion 3212 and the receiving portion 3213 is the position directly opposite the pressure relief mechanism 25, which makes the specific heat capacity of the extension portion 325 larger and improves the protective capability of the protective member 32.

[0146] Furthermore, the extension 325 extends into the clearance hole 311 and can form a positioning fit with the clearance hole 311, thereby improving the relative stability of the thermal management component 31 and the protective component 32.

[0147] In other embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the protective component 32 may only include the main body 324 and not the extension 325. This makes the gap 50 between the protective component 32 covering the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the pressure relief mechanism 25 in the first direction X larger, which is conducive to the smooth opening of the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the timely pressure relief of the battery cell 20.

[0148] In some embodiments, a gap 50 is formed between the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the protective member 32 along the first direction X.

[0149] In an embodiment where the protective member 32 includes a body portion 324 and an extension portion 325, the gap 50 formed between the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the protective member 32 refers to the space between the end of the extension portion 325 facing away from the body portion 324 and the pressure relief mechanism 25.

[0150] In embodiments where the protective member 32 includes only the body portion 324, the gap 50 formed between the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the protective member 32 refers to the space between the surface of the body portion 324 facing the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the pressure relief mechanism 25.

[0151] When the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 25 will perform a certain action or be activated to a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 20. The action performed by the pressure relief mechanism 25 may include, but is not limited to: at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism 25 ruptures, breaks, is torn, or opens, etc. A certain amount of space is required around the pressure relief mechanism 25 to accommodate its action.

[0152] Therefore, the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the protective component 32 form a gap 50 in the first direction X, which facilitates the smooth opening of the pressure relief mechanism 25 to release the pressure inside the battery cell 20, thereby reducing the risk of safety accidents such as explosion and fire of the battery 100.

[0153] Of course, in other embodiments, the pressure relief mechanism 25 may have different structural forms and pressure relief methods. If the protective member 32 abuts against the pressure relief mechanism 25 in the first direction X, the pressure relief mechanism 25 can also achieve pressure relief. This embodiment of the application is also feasible.

[0154] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, along the first direction, the size of the gap 50 is h, which satisfies 0.2mm≤h≤5mm.

[0155] h can be 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, etc.

[0156] If the gap 50 is too large in the first direction X, the structure of the functional component 30 and the battery cell 20 will not be compact and will occupy a lot of space. If the gap 50 is too small in the first direction X, the pressure relief mechanism 25 may not be able to open to relieve pressure. Therefore, 0.2mm≤h≤5mm can make the overall structure formed by the functional component 30 and the battery cell 20 more compact, and can also make the pressure relief mechanism 25 open smoothly to relieve pressure.

[0157] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the pressure relief mechanism 25 is S, and the size of the gap along the first direction is h, satisfying the following conditions:

[0158] The area of ​​the pressure relief mechanism 25 is S, and the unit is mm. 2 .

[0159] The area of ​​the pressure relief mechanism 25 can be the area of ​​its projection in a plane perpendicular to the first direction X. If the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 25 in the plane of the first direction X is irregular, its area can be obtained by equating the shape of the pressure relief mechanism 25 with a circle.

[0160] The larger the pressure relief area of ​​the pressure relief mechanism, the larger the space required to open and achieve pressure relief. This allows the pressure relief mechanism to open a certain area to achieve pressure relief.

[0161] Furthermore, This allows the pressure relief mechanism 25 to open to a larger area, thereby achieving rapid pressure relief.

[0162] The thermal management component 31 may be in contact with or connected to the battery cell 20, thereby enabling the thermal management component 31 to be attached to the battery cell 20. In embodiments where the thermal management component 31 is connected to the battery cell 20, the thermal management component 31 and the battery cell 20 may be bonded, welded, or snap-fitted together. In some embodiments, the battery 100 further includes an adhesive layer 60, through which the thermal management component 31 is connected to the battery cell 20.

[0163] The adhesive layer 60 can be formed by the curing of liquid adhesive applied between the battery cell 20 and the thermal management component 31, or it can be an adhesive tape bonded between the thermal management component 31 and the battery cell 20.

[0164] The thermal management component 31 is connected to the battery cell 20 through the adhesive layer 60, which has good connection stability, so that the functional component 30 and the battery cell 20 have a stable relative positional relationship, and the connection method is simple, reducing the assembly difficulty of the battery cell 20.

[0165] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, along the first direction X, the protective component 32 is connected to the side of the thermal management component 31 away from the battery cell 20, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 60 is m, which satisfies 0.2≤m≤5mm.

[0166] The thickness of the adhesive layer 60 refers to the distance between the surface of the adhesive layer 60 facing the battery cell 20 and the surface of the adhesive layer 60 facing the thermal management component 31 along the first direction X.

[0167] m can be 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, etc.

[0168] If the thickness of the adhesive layer 60 is too small, the bonding strength will be insufficient; if the thickness of the adhesive layer 60 is too large, the adhesive layer 60 will occupy a large space. Therefore, the thickness m of the adhesive layer 60 should satisfy 0.2mm≤m≤5mm. This ensures that the adhesive layer 60 has sufficient bonding strength while also making the thickness of the adhesive layer 60 reasonable, thus avoiding the adhesive layer 60 from being too large and affecting the energy density of the battery 100.

[0169] In some embodiments, the melting point of the material of the protective element 32 is A, which satisfies A≤1600℃.

[0170] Melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes its state from solid to liquid, that is, the temperature at which the protective component 32 changes from a solid state to a molten state.

[0171] A can be 1500℃, 1400℃, 1300℃, 1200℃, 1100℃, 1000℃, 900℃, 700℃, 600℃, 500℃, 400℃, etc. The material of the protective component 32 can be iron (melting point 1535℃), steel (melting point 1515℃), copper (melting point 1083℃), gold (melting point 1064℃), etc.

[0172] If the melting point of the material of the protective component 32 is too high, and the first flow channel 321 is formed inside the protective component 32 and contains a fluid medium, the protective component 32 will not easily melt. As a result, the fluid medium inside the protective component 32 will be sprayed out to the pressure relief mechanism 25 during the pressure relief process, thereby playing a role in cooling and extinguishing the fire. A≤1300℃, which can not only block the high temperature gas and other emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 25, but also melt in time when the temperature of the high temperature gas and other emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 25 is too high, so that the internal fluid medium can be sprayed out for cooling and extinguishing the fire, thereby reducing the risk of serious safety accidents such as explosions and fires.

[0173] In some embodiments, A ≤ 800°C.

[0174] A can be 750℃, 650℃, 550℃, 450℃, 350℃, 250℃, 200℃, 100℃, etc. The material of the protective component 32 can be aluminum (melting point 660℃), magnesium (melting point 648.8℃), etc.

[0175] If A > 800℃, the internal temperature of the battery 100 needs to be higher than 800℃ for the protective component 32 to melt, which may damage other components of the battery 100 with weaker temperature resistance. Therefore, A ≤ 800℃ can not only block the high-temperature gas and other emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 25, but also melt in time when the temperature of the emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism 25 is too high, so that the internal fluid medium can be sprayed out for cooling and fire extinguishing, thereby reducing the risk of serious safety accidents such as explosion and fire, and also reducing the risk of other internal components of the battery 100 being damaged by high temperature.

[0176] In some embodiments, the volume of the protective element 32 is V1, in dm. 3 The capacity of battery 100 is C, with the unit being Ah, and satisfies 1≤V1 / C.

[0177] V1 / C can be 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, etc.

[0178] The larger the capacity of battery 100, the greater the amount and temperature of the discharge when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 of battery 100 reaches the point where the pressure relief mechanism 25 opens to release pressure. This also places higher demands on the ability of the protective component 32 to block the discharge. Therefore, 1≤V1 / C, so that the ability of the protective component 32 to block the discharge is matched with the capacity of the battery, so that the protective component 32 can better play the role of heat insulation and fire prevention, that is, better play the role of fire protection.

[0179] In some embodiments, V1 / C ≤ 10.

[0180] V1 / C can be 9.5, 9, 8.5, 7, 7.5, 6, 5.5, 5, 4.5, etc.

[0181] If V1 / C is too large, the blocking capacity of the protective component 32 will far exceed the blocking capacity matching the capacity of the battery 100, which will not only waste performance, but also make the protective component 32 too large and occupy a lot of space. Therefore, V1 / C≤10 can make the blocking capacity of the protective component 32 slightly larger than the blocking capacity matching the capacity of the battery 100, reducing performance waste, and also prevent the protective component 32 from being too large, reducing the space occupied by the protective component 32.

[0182] In some embodiments, the volume of the thermal management component 31 is V2, satisfying V1 / V2≤0.5.

[0183] V1 / V2 can be 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, etc.

[0184] Generally, the temperature regulation capability of the thermal management component 31 is matched with the capacity of the battery 100. The larger the capacity of the battery 100, the higher the temperature regulation capability of the thermal management component 31 is required. When 1≤V1 / C, if the thermal management component 31 is too large, its temperature regulation capability will exceed the theoretically required temperature regulation capability of the battery 100, resulting in performance waste. In addition, if the thermal management component 31 is too large, it will also occupy more space. Therefore, V1 / V2≤0.5, so that the temperature regulation capability of the thermal management component 31 is matched with the capacity of the battery 100, reducing performance waste, and also ensuring that the thermal management component 31 is not too large, reducing the space occupied by the thermal management component 31.

[0185] In some embodiments, V1 / V2 ≤ 0.2.

[0186] V1 / V2 can be 0.02, 0.05, 0.07, 0.09, 0.11, 0.13, 0.17, 0.019, etc.

[0187] If V1 / V2 is greater than 0.2, then with a fixed capacity of battery 100, thermal management component 31 will still have a large performance waste. Therefore, V1 / V2≤0.2 can reduce performance waste and also prevent the thermal management component 31 from being too large, thus reducing the space occupied by the thermal management component 31.

[0188] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery 100 includes a plurality of battery cells 20, each battery cell 20 is provided with at least one pressure relief mechanism 25, and the thermal management component 31 is provided with a plurality of clearance holes 311, the clearance holes 311 being provided one-to-one with the pressure relief mechanism 25 of the battery cell 20.

[0189] The thermal management component 31 can simultaneously regulate the temperature of multiple battery cells 20. The thermal management component 31 is provided with multiple clearance holes 311 so that the thermal management component 31 can avoid the pressure relief mechanism 25 of each battery cell 20 attached to it, thus avoiding interference with the pressure relief of the battery cell 20.

[0190] The clearance hole 311 is set one-to-one with the pressure relief mechanism 25 of the battery cell 20, so that each pressure relief mechanism 25 can release the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 and improve the safety performance of the battery 100.

[0191] In other embodiments, the thermal management component 31 may also be provided with a clearance hole 311, which avoids the pressure relief mechanism 25 of multiple battery cells 20, thus making the structure of the thermal management component 31 simpler.

[0192] In some embodiments, the battery 100 includes a plurality of protective members 32, each protective member 32 covering a clearance hole 311.

[0193] The protective element 32 and the clearance hole 311 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence. Each protective element 32 covers the corresponding clearance hole 311 so as to block the discharge of the corresponding pressure relief mechanism 25.

[0194] Each protective component 32 covers the corresponding clearance hole 311, which facilitates the replacement of the protective component 32. During the replacement process, only the damaged part of the protective component 32 needs to be replaced, instead of replacing all the protective components 32, thus reducing wear and tear and saving costs.

[0195] In other embodiments, a protective element 32 covers multiple clearance holes 311. This can be understood as a protective element 32 blocking emissions from multiple pressure relief mechanisms 25. This reduces the number of protective elements 32 in the battery 100; it also reduces the number of components requiring assembly, thereby reducing assembly difficulty and improving assembly efficiency.

[0196] In embodiments where the battery 100 includes a plurality of battery cells 20, at least a portion of the plurality of battery cells 20 are stacked along a first direction X. Along the first direction X, the pressure relief mechanisms 25 of two adjacent battery cells 20 can be arranged opposite each other. Therefore, along the first direction X, two functional components 30 can be disposed between two adjacent battery cells 20. To improve the structural stability of the battery 100, a support structure 70 is disposed between the two functional components 30 between two adjacent battery cells 20 in the first direction X. In the first direction X, one functional component 30 is disposed between the support structure 70 and one battery cell 20, and the other functional component 30 is disposed between the support structure 70 and another battery cell 20.

[0197] like Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown, the support structure 70 is a hollow structure. The support structure 70 includes a connecting portion 71, a first hollow portion 72, and a second hollow portion 73. Along the second direction Y, the first hollow portion 72 and the second hollow portion 73 are respectively connected to both ends of the connecting portion 71. The cross-sections of both the first hollow portion 72 and the second hollow portion 73 are triangular, and triangular cavities are formed inside both the first hollow portion 72 and the second hollow portion 73 to reduce the weight of the support structure 70. Two surfaces of the first hollow portion 72 in the first direction X are respectively connected to first limiting portions 74. The first limiting portions 74 protrude from the surface of the first hollow portion 72 along the second direction Y towards the second hollow portion 73, and define a first space 75 on the surface of the first limiting portion 74 and the first hollow portion 72 in the first direction X. The second hollow portion 73 has two surfaces connected to second limiting portions 76 in the first direction X. The second limiting portions 76 protrude from the surface of the second hollow portion 73 in the second direction Y toward the first hollow portion 72, and define a second space 77 on the surfaces of the second limiting portions 76 and the second hollow portion 73 in the first direction X. The two ends of the thermal management component 31 in the second direction abut against the end of the first limiting portion 74 facing the second hollow portion 73 and the end of the second limiting portion 76 facing the first hollow portion 72, respectively, to limit the thermal management component 31. The two ends of the protective component 32 in the second direction Y are respectively held in the first space 75 and the second space 77 to limit the protective component 32, thereby limiting the functional component 30 and improving the installation stability of the functional component 30.

[0198] Since the second direction Y can be any direction perpendicular to the first direction X, the extension direction of the first emission channel 311a, the extension direction of the second emission channel 323a, and the arrangement direction of the first hollow part 72 and the second hollow part 73 in this application can be the same direction or different directions.

[0199] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5-7As shown, the battery cell 20 also has an electrode terminal 24 for outputting electrical energy of the battery cell 20, and the functional component 30 is disposed on the side of the battery cell 20 away from the electrode terminal 24.

[0200] In this embodiment, the pressure relief mechanism 25 is disposed on the side of the battery cell 20 away from the electrode terminal 24. For example, if the electrode terminal 24 is disposed on the end cap 21, the pressure relief mechanism 25 may be disposed on the bottom wall of the housing 22.

[0201] A circuit board can be installed inside the battery 100. This circuit board may include pressure and temperature sensors to detect relevant information within the battery 100, determining its proper function and effectively reducing the risk of safety accidents. For ease of setup and accuracy of information detection, the circuit board is typically positioned close to the electrode terminals 24. In embodiments where the battery 100 includes multiple battery cells 20, these cells can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination of multiple cells via a busbar, which is connected to the electrode terminals 24. Both the circuit board and the busbar require space on the electrode terminal 24 side. Other structures within the battery 100 include, but are not limited to, the circuit board and the busbar.

[0202] Therefore, the functional component 30 is located on the side of the battery cell 20 opposite to the electrode terminal 24, which facilitates the connection of the electrode terminal 24 with other structures inside the battery 100 to output the electrical energy of the battery cell 20. It also reduces the risk of interference between the functional component 30 and other structures inside the battery 100.

[0203] In other embodiments, such as Figure 16 As shown, the battery cell 20 also has an electrode terminal 24 for outputting electrical energy of the battery cell 20. The functional component 30 and the electrode terminal 24 are located on the same side of the battery cell 20, and the thermal management component 31 is disposed to avoid the electrode terminal 24.

[0204] In this embodiment, the pressure relief mechanism 25 and the electrode terminal 24 are located on the same side of the battery cell 20. For example, if the electrode terminal 24 is located on the end cap 21, the pressure relief mechanism 25 can also be located on the end cap 21.

[0205] The thermal management component 31 is provided with a through hole 313 for avoiding the electrode terminal 24, and the through hole 313 and the electrode terminal 24 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0206] The functional component 30 and the electrode terminal 24 are located on the same side of the battery cell 20, and the thermal management component 31 is arranged to avoid the electrode terminal 24. In this way, the functional component 30 can utilize the space where the electrode terminal 24 protrudes from the end cover 21, thereby improving the space utilization rate inside the battery 100 and improving the energy density of the battery 100.

[0207] This application also provides an electrical device, including the battery 100 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0208] This application provides a battery 100, which includes a battery cell 20 and a functional component 30. The battery cell 20 has a pressure relief mechanism 25 on one side along a first direction X. The functional component 30 is located on the side of the battery cell 20 where the pressure relief mechanism 25 is located, and includes a thermal management component 31 and a protective component 32. The thermal management component 31 is bonded to the side of the battery cell 20 opposite to the electrode terminals 24. The protective component 32 is connected to the side of the thermal management component 31 opposite to the battery cell 20 and covers the entire pressure relief mechanism 25. A first flow channel 321 is formed inside the protective component 32, and a second flow channel 312 is formed inside the thermal management component 31. The first flow channel 321 and the second flow channel 312 are connected.

[0209] The battery 100 also includes a one-way flow element 40, which allows the fluid medium in the second flow channel 312 to flow to the first flow channel 321 and prevents the fluid medium in the first flow channel 321 from flowing to the second flow channel 312.

[0210] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized by, The battery comprises: a battery cell provided with a pressure relief mechanism on one side thereof along a first direction; a functional component provided on the side of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism, the functional component comprising: a thermal management component attached to the battery cell, the thermal management component being configured to regulate the temperature of the battery cell; and a protective component connected to the thermal management component and covering at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism; the thermal management component is provided with an avoiding hole penetrating through opposite surfaces of the thermal management component along the first direction, the avoiding hole being configured to avoid the pressure relief mechanism, the protective component being connected to the side of the thermal management component away from the battery cell and covering at least a portion of the avoiding hole. The projection of the protective component in a plane perpendicular to the first direction covers the whole projection of the pressure relief mechanism in the plane perpendicular to the first direction along the first direction.

2. The battery of claim 1, wherein, The protective component is internally formed with a first flow channel configured to accommodate a fluid medium.

3. The battery of claim 1, wherein, The thermal management component is internally formed with a second flow channel configured to accommodate the fluid medium, the first flow channel and the second flow channel being in communication.

4. The battery of claim 3, wherein, The battery further comprises a one-way conducting component configured to allow the fluid medium in the second flow channel to flow to the first flow channel and to prevent the fluid medium in the first flow channel from flowing to the second flow channel.

5. The battery of claim 4, wherein, The first flow channel is provided with a medium outlet, and the second flow channel is provided with a medium inlet.

6. The battery of claim 5, wherein, The avoiding hole penetrates at least one edge of the thermal management component along a second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction.

7. The battery of claim 1, wherein, The protective component has a first surface facing and connected to the thermal management component along the first direction, the first surface being provided with a groove penetrating at least one edge of the protective component along a second direction, the groove being in communication with the avoiding hole, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction.

8. The battery of claim 1, wherein, The protective component comprises a body portion connected to the side of the thermal management component away from the battery cell and an extension portion extending from the body portion into the avoiding hole.

9. The battery of claim 1, wherein, A gap is formed between the pressure relief mechanism and the protective component along the first direction.

10. The battery of claim 1, wherein, The size of the gap along the first direction is h, satisfying 0.2 mm≤h≤5 mm.

11. The battery of claim 10, wherein, The battery further comprises an adhesive layer by which the thermal management component is connected to the battery cell.

12. The battery of claim 10, wherein, The area of the pressure relief mechanism is S, and the size of the gap in the first direction is h, satisfying h≥0.2 .

13. The battery of claim 12, wherein, h≥0.5* 。 14. The battery of claim 1, wherein, The melting point of the material of the protective component is A, satisfying A≤1600 ℃.

15. The battery of claim 1, wherein, V1 / C≤10.

16. The battery of claim 15, wherein, A≤800℃。 17. The battery of claim 1, wherein, The protector has a volume V1 in dm3 3 The capacity of the battery is C in Ah, and 1≤V1 / C is satisfied.

18. The battery of claim 17, wherein, The volume of the thermal management component is V2, satisfying V1 / V2≤0.

5.

19. The battery of claim 17, wherein, V1 / V2≤0.

2.

20. The battery of claim 19, wherein, The battery comprises a plurality of battery cells, each of which is provided with at least one pressure relief mechanism, the thermal management component is provided with a plurality of avoiding holes, and the avoiding holes are provided one by one corresponding to the pressure relief mechanisms of the battery cells.

21. The battery of claim 1, wherein, The battery comprises a plurality of protective components, each of which covers one avoiding hole.

22. The battery of claim 21, wherein, One protective component covers a plurality of avoiding holes.

23. The battery of claim 21, wherein, ​ 24. The battery of any one of claims 1-23, wherein, The battery cell also has an electrode terminal for outputting electric energy of the battery cell, and the functional member is provided on a side of the battery cell opposite to the electrode terminal.

25. The battery of any one of claims 1-23, wherein, The battery cell also has an electrode terminal for outputting electric energy of the battery cell, and the functional member and the electrode terminal are located on the same side of the battery cell, and the heat management member is provided avoiding the electrode terminal.

26. An electrical device, comprising: A battery comprising a battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 25.

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