Floating photovoltaic power generation body and power generation system thereof

Abstract

The utility model discloses a floating photovoltaic power generation body and a power generation system thereof. The floating photovoltaic power generation body comprises floating bodies, hinge seats are installed on the outer walls of the floating bodies, a plurality of floating bodies are hinged through the hinge seats, photovoltaic panels are installed on the upper sides of the floating bodies, and balance weight bodies are installed at the bottoms of the floating bodies. A buffer body is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the floating body, the photovoltaic panel is located on the upper side of the buffer body, and the counterweight body is located on the lower side of the buffer body. The floating body is used for floating on the water surface, the counterweight body enables the photovoltaic panel on the floating body to be located on the upper side all the time, the buffering body can achieve the buffering and damping effects when the floating body collides with one another, the buffering body can provide stable force for the floating body in the floating state in cooperation with the counterweight body, the floating body is prevented from overturning, and the photovoltaic panel can be installed on the water surface through the floating body. The power generation system can meet installation of the water pumping and storing reservoir, reduces water evaporation of the reservoir, generates power through the reservoir surface, and can adapt to large water level amplitude variation and water surface area variation of the water pumping and storing reservoir.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a floating photovoltaic power generation body and its power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] Pumped storage power stations are energy storage systems with power regulation functions. They are characterized by large water areas and upper and lower reservoirs at different elevations. The reservoirs are formed by constructing dams within mountain valleys, creating a basin-like structure with a wider upper section and a narrower lower section due to the mountain's shape. How to fully utilize the reservoir surface area of ​​pumped storage power stations, such as reducing water evaporation and generating electricity from the reservoir surface, to achieve greater engineering, economic, and social benefits, is a topic worthy of research. Currently, there are no mature technologies for this.

[0003] Although Chinese patent document CN219601565U discloses a floating flexible photovoltaic support device, including a flexible support body, a float, and anchor blocks; the first side of the flexible support body is used to assemble photovoltaic modules; the float is installed on the second side of the flexible support body; and the anchor blocks are connected to the flexible support body by fixing cables. The first and second sides of the flexible support body are opposite each other. In application, the first side of the flexible support body is close to the water surface, and the second side of the flexible support body is away from the water surface. This floating flexible photovoltaic support device uses the float to support the flexible support body and, together with the anchor blocks, positions the flexible support body on the water surface, avoiding pile driving and reducing construction costs. Its advantages are: low construction cost; its disadvantages are: firstly, anchor blocks need to be installed at the bottom of the reservoir, which is inconvenient for the installation of anchor blocks because the bottom of the pumped storage power station reservoir has an inverted trapezoidal structure; secondly, the water level of the pumped storage power station reservoir changes between low and high water levels every day, and this floating flexible photovoltaic support device cannot effectively adapt to the problem of large water level fluctuations and changes in water surface area. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the existing technical problems, the main objective of this utility model is to provide a floating photovoltaic power generation body and its power generation system, which can meet the installation requirements of pumped storage reservoirs, reduce water evaporation from the reservoir, generate electricity using the reservoir surface, and adapt to large water level fluctuations and changes in water surface area in pumped storage reservoirs.

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a floating photovoltaic power generation body, including a floating body, a hinge seat installed on the outer wall of the floating body, multiple floating bodies being hinged to each other through the hinge seat, a photovoltaic panel installed on the upper side of the floating body, and a counterweight installed on the bottom of the floating body; a buffer body is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the floating body, the photovoltaic panel is located on the upper side of the buffer body, and the counterweight is located on the lower side of the buffer body.

[0006] The floating body is spherical.

[0007] The upper outer wall of the floating body is provided with a first mounting structure, and multiple photovoltaic panels are mounted on the first mounting structure.

[0008] Connectors are installed on the buffer body.

[0009] The top of the floating body is provided with a second mounting structure, and a photovoltaic panel is mounted on the top of the second mounting structure.

[0010] The second mounting structure or the edge of the photovoltaic panel is fitted with connectors.

[0011] The connector is a magnet.

[0012] A floating photovoltaic power generation system, comprising:

[0013] Anchor piles, a plurality of the anchor piles are installed on the bank of one side of the reservoir basin;

[0014] A floating power generation string, wherein multiple floating power generation strings are provided, and each floating power generation string is connected to a corresponding anchor pile by a connecting rope;

[0015] The floating power generation string includes multiple floating bodies, adjacent floating bodies are connected in series by hinged joints, and the photovoltaic panels on each floating power generation string are connected by cables to transmit power to the outside.

[0016] It also includes a power system, and the cables of each of the floating power generation strings are electrically connected to the power system.

[0017] The power system includes a combiner, an inverter, and a transformer. The cables of each of the floating power generation strings are electrically connected to the combiner, the combiner is electrically connected to the inverter, and the inverter is electrically connected to the transformer.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention involves installing multiple anchor piles on the bank of one side of the reservoir basin. Each floating power generation string is connected to its corresponding anchor pile via connecting ropes. Each floating power generation string comprises multiple floating bodies, with adjacent floating bodies hinged together. Photovoltaic panels are mounted on the floating bodies, and the photovoltaic panels on each floating power generation string are connected by cables to transmit electricity. This invention can meet the installation requirements of pumped storage reservoirs, reduce reservoir water evaporation, utilize the reservoir surface for power generation, and adapt to large water level fluctuations and changes in water surface area in pumped storage reservoirs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the floating body of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer body of this utility model with the connecting parts installed.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the floating body of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure from the C-direction perspective.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 10. Storage basin, 11. Inlet and outlet, 12. Trash rack, 13. Anchor pile;

[0029] Floating power generation string 20, floating body 21, upper part 211, lower part 212, first mounting structure 22, counterweight 23, hinge seat 24, second mounting structure 25;

[0030] 30mm converging cable; 40mm connecting rope;

[0031] 50. Substation system; 51. Combiner; 52. Inverter; 53. Transformer;

[0032] Photovoltaic panel 60, cable 61, waterproof aviation connector 62;

[0033] Buffer body 70, connector 90. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Secondly, the term "this embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of this utility model.

[0037] Secondly, this utility model is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of this utility model, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not adhering to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In addition, actual manufacturing should include the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] See Figure 2 , 3 This embodiment provides a floating photovoltaic generator, including a floating body 21, which is spherical. A hinge seat 24 is installed on the outer wall of the floating body 21. Multiple floating bodies 21 are hinged to each other through the hinge seat 24. A photovoltaic panel 60 is installed on the upper side of the floating body 21, and a counterweight 23 is installed on the bottom of the floating body 21. A buffer body 70 is installed in the middle of the outer wall of the floating body 21. The photovoltaic panel 60 is located on the upper side of the buffer body 70, and the counterweight 23 is located on the lower side of the buffer body 70.

[0040] The float 21 is used to float on the water surface. The float 21 is a hollow sphere and can be made of plastic or metal. The counterweight 23 ensures that the photovoltaic panel 60 on the float 21 is always on the upper side. The counterweight 23 can be installed inside the bottom of the float 21 or on the bottom outside the float 21. With the above structure, the photovoltaic panel 60 can be installed on the water surface via the float 21.

[0041] See Figure 3 The buffer body 70 protrudes from the photovoltaic panel 60, thus providing cushioning and shock absorption when the floating bodies 21 collide with each other, preventing damage to the floating bodies 21 and the photovoltaic panel 60. The buffer body 70 can be a hollow, inflatable structure or a solid structure made of lightweight materials. The buffer body 70, together with the counterweight 23, provides stability to the floating body 21 in its floating state, preventing the floating body 21 from overturning. The buffer body 70 can be adhered to the outside of the floating body 21.

[0042] In this embodiment, see Figure 2A first mounting structure 22 is provided on the upper outer wall of the floating body 21, and multiple photovoltaic panels 60 are mounted on the first mounting structure 22. The first mounting structure 22 can be a platform on the floating body 21, and the platform and the floating body 21 can be an integral structure used to install the photovoltaic panels 60. The photovoltaic panels 60 can be installed using conventional fasteners. For example, two L-shaped pressure plates are set around the photovoltaic panels 60, and the pressure plates are screwed to the first mounting structure 22 by bolts. The bent end of the pressure plate abuts against the first mounting structure 22, and the other end presses against the photovoltaic panel 60, thereby fixing the photovoltaic panel 60.

[0043] In this embodiment, a connector 90 is installed on the buffer body 70. The connector 90 can be a magnet. The connector 90 allows the floating bodies 21 on adjacent floating power generation strings 20 to be connected together as a whole. The connector 90 is a magnet, facilitating the installation and separation of adjacent floating power generation strings 20. The magnet can be glued to the buffer body 70, or it can be installed on the buffer body 70 with screws through the hole in the center of the magnet.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, referring to 4, 5, and 6, a second mounting structure 25 is provided on the top of the floating body 21, and a photovoltaic panel 60 is mounted on the top of the second mounting structure 25. With this structure, the top of the floating body 21 forms a platform, making it more suitable for maintenance and repair. The second mounting structure 25 can be a plastic support frame or a metal support frame. The photovoltaic panel 60 can be installed and fixed to the second mounting structure 25 using conventional methods such as clips.

[0046] In one embodiment, a connector 90 is installed on the buffer body 70. The connector 90 allows the floating bodies 21 on adjacent floating power generation strings 20 to be connected to each other as a whole.

[0047] In another option, see Figure 4 , 6 A connector 90 is installed at the edge of the second mounting structure 25 or the photovoltaic panel 60. This further improves the stability of the connection between the floating bodies 21 on adjacent floating power generation strings 20. The connector 90 is a magnet, which facilitates the installation and separation of adjacent floating power generation strings 20. The magnet can be glued to the edge of the second mounting structure 25 or the photovoltaic panel 60, or it can be installed on the edge of the second mounting structure 25 or the photovoltaic panel 60 by screws through the hole in the center of the magnet.

[0048] Example 3:

[0049] Based on Example 1 or Example 2, see Figure 1 A floating photovoltaic power generation system, comprising:

[0050] Anchor pile 13, multiple anchor piles 13 are installed on the bank of one side of the reservoir basin 10;

[0051] Floating power generation string 20, multiple floating power generation strings 20 are provided, and each floating power generation string 20 is connected to the corresponding anchor pile 13 by a connecting rope 40;

[0052] The floating power generation string 20 includes multiple floating bodies 21, which are connected in series with each other through a hinge seat 24. The photovoltaic panels 60 on each floating power generation string 20 are connected by cables 61 to transmit power to the outside.

[0053] The above structure can meet the requirements for the installation of pumped storage reservoirs, reduce water evaporation from the reservoir, generate electricity from the reservoir surface, and adapt to large water level fluctuations and changes in water surface area in pumped storage reservoirs.

[0054] Further, see Figure 1 It also includes a substation system 50, and the cables 61 of each floating generator string 20 are electrically connected to the substation system 50.

[0055] Specifically, the substation system 50 includes a combiner 51, an inverter 52, and a transformer 53. The cables 61 of each floating generator string 20 are electrically connected to the combiner 51, the combiner 51 is electrically connected to the inverter 52, and the inverter 52 is electrically connected to the transformer 53.

[0056] Example 4:

[0057] More specifically, this invention arranges multiple anchor piles 13 on the edge of a platform surrounding the reservoir 10. Anchor rings are installed on the anchor piles 13, and the anchor rings are connected to floating bodies 21 via connecting ropes 40. The floating bodies 21 are connected in series or parallel via hinge points, primarily in series. To maximize power generation and evaporation prevention by covering the water surface of the reservoir 10, each floating power generation string 20 can also branch off into one or more power generation sub-strings at appropriate positions at its beginning and end. The anchor piles 13 are preferably arranged opposite the reservoir inlet / outlet 11, so that the floating power generation strings 20 will not block the inlet / outlet 11 while floating and swaying on the water surface, thus preventing power generation and water flow into the inlet.

[0058] The floating body 21 can take various suitable shapes, such as spherical or elliptical cross-sections, but is preferably described as spherical. The floating body 21 is a hollow structure made of suitable materials such as plastic, rubber, or metal to form sufficient buoyancy. Inside the floating body 21, there is a solid arc-shaped counterweight 23 made of metal or other materials with a certain weight. Alternatively, a cavity can be cut out at the bottom of the floating body and filled with a liquid with a higher density, such as water, to replace the counterweight 23.

[0059] Depending on the arrangement of the photovoltaic panels 60 on the floating body 21, there are two specific types of installation for the photovoltaic panels 60:

[0060] 1. Curved surface photovoltaic panels.

[0061] See Figure 2 A photovoltaic panel 60 is installed on the upper part of the outer wall of the floating body 21, covering most of the surface of the floating body 21 above the water surface. The arc-shaped photovoltaic panel can be formed by combining photovoltaic panels installed in small pieces on the arc-shaped upper surface of the power generation ball, or it can be a single flexible photovoltaic panel. A buffer body 70 is installed in the annular area above the water surface. The buffer body 70 is set out to protrude from the photovoltaic panel 60, so that it can buffer and absorb shock when the photovoltaic panels 60 collide with each other, so as to avoid damage to the floating body 21 and the photovoltaic panel 60. The buffer body 70 can be a hollow inflatable structure or a solid structure made of lightweight materials. It can also provide stability to the floating body 21 in the floating state in conjunction with the counterweight, preventing the floating body 21 from flipping or moving arbitrarily.

[0062] A hinge seat 24 is provided below the buffer body 70, through which the floating bodies 21 can be connected in series or in parallel. Multiple permanent magnets are installed on the buffer body 70 so that when the floating bodies 21 of different strings come close together, the permanent magnets attract each other, thereby connecting adjacent floating power generation strings 20 into a whole, which facilitates the overall operation and maintenance of the floating power generation strings 20.

[0063] The float 21 can be designed as a single, non-separable structure, so that the counterweight 23 can be installed inside the float 21 during the manufacturing process and then manufactured as a whole. Alternatively, the float 21 can be designed as a detachable structure, which facilitates internal maintenance and the installation or replacement of the counterweight 23. The upper and lower halves of the detachable float 21 are preferably connected by threaded connection or flange bolt connection. When using threaded connection, a sealing strip is provided at each thread position. During the thread engagement process, the sealing strip can fill the gap between the threads to prevent the formation of water leakage channels and ensure that external water does not enter the interior of the float 21.

[0064] 2. Planar photovoltaic panels.

[0065] See Figure 4 A planar photovoltaic panel means that a single flexible photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of the floating body 21, and no small photovoltaic panels are installed on other parts of the surface of the floating body 21.

[0066] This type of floating body 21 still has a buffer body 70 above the water surface. The permanent magnet is not set on the buffer body 70, but is set around the photovoltaic panel 60.

[0067] After the adjacent floating power generation strings 20 are attracted by the permanent magnets on the outside of the photovoltaic panel, a platform is formed on the upper surface as a whole, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it is more suitable for maintenance and repair.

[0068] The counterweight 23 allows a small portion of the power generation sphere to be submerged in the water, while the majority floats on the surface. This partial submersion increases the drag on the sphere, preventing it from flipping or drifting aimlessly with the current, thus better fulfilling its function. Furthermore, the counterweight creates a self-sustaining mechanism, ensuring the photovoltaic panel 60 of the power generation sphere always faces upwards, maximizing power generation. The photovoltaic panels 60 on each floating body 21 are connected via waterproof aviation connectors 62 on cables 61. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels 60 on each floating power generation string 20 is collected via a converging cable 30 and then transmitted to a combiner on shore. After conversion by an inverter, the electricity is then transmitted to the power grid or to the user via a transformer.

[0069] When the water level of the pumped storage basin 10 is at its lowest level, the floating body 21 fills the water surface. Due to the suspension and pulling of the anchor pile 13, the floating body 21 at the front end of part of the floating power generation string 20 is on the hillside. At this time, the counterweight 23 also moves its position due to gravity to keep the floating body 21 stable on the hillside. In this way, the photovoltaic panel 60 on the floating body 21 is on the side closer to the basin, rather than facing the hillside, which is convenient for collecting solar energy to generate electricity.

[0070] As the water level in the pumped storage basin 10 gradually rises, the floating bodies 21 that were originally on the hillside gradually transform into floating bodies on the water surface. By rationally setting the number and size of the floating bodies 21—that is, the sizes of the floating bodies 21 can vary—it can better match the changes in water surface area at different water levels. This ensures that a sufficient number of floating bodies 21 fill the water surface except for the area in front of the inlet, but without an excessive number causing stacking or damage. Smaller floating bodies 21 can also fill the gaps between larger floating bodies 21, creating a better complementary effect. Therefore, even when the water level in the basin is at its highest, the floating bodies 21 can still effectively fill the water surface, ensuring the effects of power generation and evaporation prevention.

[0071] For large-scale maintenance, the floating bodies 21 can be hoisted one by one to the reservoir bank using a winch for inspection before being returned to the water. For minor maintenance and repairs, personnel can board a maintenance vessel and ascend to the integrated array platform to perform maintenance on the photovoltaic panels, floating bodies 21, and other equipment and facilities. A cleaning device 80 installed on the floating bodies 21 is used to spray water onto the photovoltaic panels 60 for maintenance.

[0072] This patent uses a floating body 21 and anchor piles 13, which can be well adapted to the situation of pumped storage reservoirs. It effectively solves the problem of adapting to large water level fluctuations and changes in water surface area, and has very high power generation efficiency. It is highly innovative.

[0073] This patent enables rapid installation and dismantling using only a winch or other small cranes, avoiding the problems of poor economic efficiency, high site requirements, and cumbersome procedures associated with using large-tonnage lifting machinery.

[0074] This patent uses a winch to pull up the generator bulb for inspection and maintenance, which not only ensures the safety of personnel during maintenance but also fully leverages the flexibility and efficiency of personnel operations, making it highly practical.

[0075] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A floating photovoltaic power generator characterized by comprising: The floating body (21) is provided with a hinge seat (24) on the outer wall, a plurality of floating bodies (21) are hingedly connected to each other through the hinge seat (24), a photovoltaic panel (60) is arranged on the upper side of the floating body (21), and a counterweight (23) is arranged at the bottom of the floating body (21); a buffer body (70) is arranged at the middle of the outer wall of the floating body (21), the photovoltaic panel (60) is arranged on the upper side of the buffer body (70), and the counterweight (23) is arranged on the lower side of the buffer body (70).

2. The floating photovoltaic power generator according to claim 1, wherein: The floating body (21) is spherical.

3. The floating photovoltaic power generator according to claim 1, wherein: The upper side of the outer wall of the floating body (21) is provided with a first mounting structure (22), and a plurality of photovoltaic panels (60) are arranged on the first mounting structure (22).

4. The floating photovoltaic power generator according to claim 3, wherein: A connecting piece (90) is arranged on the buffer body (70).

5. The floating photovoltaic power generator according to claim 1, wherein: The top of the floating body (21) is provided with a second mounting structure (25), and the photovoltaic panel (60) is arranged on the top of the second mounting structure (25).

6. A floating photovoltaic power generator according to claim 5, wherein: The second mounting structure (25) or the edge of the photovoltaic panel (60) is provided with a connecting piece (90).

7. The floating photovoltaic power generator according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The connecting piece (90) is a magnet.

8. A floating photovoltaic power generation system characterized by: The application relates to a photovoltaic power generation system. Anchors (13) are arranged on the bank on one side of the reservoir basin (10); A plurality of floating power generation strings (20) are arranged, and each floating power generation string (20) is connected to a corresponding anchor (13) through a connecting rope (40); The floating power generation string (20) comprises a plurality of floating bodies (21) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, adjacent floating bodies (21) are connected to each other through hinge seats (24), and the photovoltaic panels (60) on each floating power generation string (20) are connected through a cable (61) to output power to the outside.

9. A floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 8, wherein: A power transformation system (50) is further arranged, and the cable (61) of each floating power generation string (20) is electrically connected to the power transformation system (50).

10. A floating photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 9, wherein: The power transformation system (50) comprises a current collector (51), an inverter (52) and a transformer (53), the cable (61) of each floating power generation string (20) is electrically connected to the current collector (51), the current collector (51) is electrically connected to the inverter (52), and the inverter (52) is electrically connected to the transformer (53).

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