Multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip
By using a multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip to directly perform nucleic acid electrophoresis analysis, the problem of cumbersome traditional gel preparation steps is solved, and efficient nucleic acid detection is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
AI Technical Summary
Traditional nucleic acid electrophoresis analysis requires gel preparation, which is cumbersome, time-consuming, and reduces detection efficiency.
The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip includes a substrate and a transparent top plate, and has multiple nucleic acid detection channels. It does not require gel preparation and consists of a buffer pool, nucleic acid electrophoresis channels and connection channels. Electrophoresis data is monitored using a fluorescence microscope or photodetector.
This technology enables nucleic acid electrophoresis analysis without the need for gel preparation, improving detection efficiency, allowing for the simultaneous detection of multiple nucleic acid samples, and generating clear nucleic acid fragment maps.
Smart Images
Figure CN224015666U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nucleic acid detection technology, specifically to a multi-channel electrophoretic nucleic acid analysis and detection chip. Background Technology
[0002] Nucleic acid analysis is commonly used in clinical diagnosis or laboratory settings in medicine. The traditional approach to nucleic acid analysis involves gel electrophoresis of the amplified nucleic acid samples. First, an agarose gel or polyacrylamide gel is prepared as a support and placed in a gel electrophoresis apparatus. Next, the amplified nucleic acid sample is mixed thoroughly with a buffer solution and carefully spotted into the sample wells of the gel. Then, a direct current is applied to the gel electrophoresis apparatus, causing the nucleic acid sample to move under the influence of the electric field. Finally, the sample is stained with ethidium bromide and the bands are observed under ultraviolet light.
[0003] Obviously, using gels for nucleic acid electrophoretic analysis requires the preparation of gel blocks in advance. The gel preparation process involves weighing, heating and melting, casting, and cooling, which is cumbersome and time-consuming, undoubtedly reducing the efficiency of nucleic acid analysis and detection. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. This invention provides a multi-channel electrophoretic nucleic acid analysis and detection chip that can be directly used for nucleic acid electrophoretic analysis without gel preparation, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of nucleic acid analysis and detection.
[0005] This invention provides a multi-channel electrophoretic nucleic acid analysis and detection chip, including a substrate and a transparent top plate attached to the substrate, wherein multiple nucleic acid detection channels are formed in the transparent top plate;
[0006] Each of the aforementioned nucleic acid detection channels comprises a negative electrode buffer pool, a nucleic acid electrophoresis channel, a connecting cavity, a connecting channel, and a positive electrode buffer pool connected in sequence.
[0007] In the same nucleic acid detection channel, the angle between the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel and the connecting channel is less than 20°, and the length of the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel is shorter than the length of the connecting channel;
[0008] Each of the aforementioned nucleic acid electrophoresis channels consists of two sub-channels spaced apart, one end of each sub-channel being connected to the negative electrode buffer pool, and the other end of each sub-channel being connected to the connecting cavity; the width of each sub-channel gradually decreases along the direction from the negative electrode buffer pool to the connecting cavity; each sub-channel has a sample loading port at the end near the negative electrode buffer pool, and a detection area at the end near the connecting cavity.
[0009] Specifically, in the same nucleic acid detection channel, the angle between the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel and the connecting channel ranges from 8° to 16°.
[0010] Specifically, the height of the connection channel is at least twice the height of the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel, and the height of the connection cavity is equal to the height of the connection channel.
[0011] Specifically, the width of the connection channel gradually decreases along the direction from the positive electrode buffer pool to the connection cavity.
[0012] Specifically, the geometric center of the negative electrode buffer pool and the geometric center of the positive electrode buffer pool are located on the same circle.
[0013] Specifically, the area of the negative electrode buffer pool is at least 2.5 times the area of the positive electrode buffer pool.
[0014] Specifically, the geometric centers of the sample loading ports of the two sub-channels are located on the same circle.
[0015] Specifically, the geometric centers of the detection areas of the two sub-channels are located on the same circle.
[0016] Specifically, there are four nucleic acid detection channels, which are distributed at equal angles around the same center in the transparent top plate;
[0017] The connecting cavity of the four nucleic acid detection channels is close to the center surrounded by the four nucleic acid detection channels, while the negative and positive buffer pools of the four nucleic acid detection channels are far from the center surrounded by the four nucleic acid detection channels.
[0018] Specifically, the angle between adjacent nucleic acid testing channels ranges from 6° to 12°.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0020] When using the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip of this invention, the nucleic acid detection channel is first filled with buffer solution through the positive or negative electrode buffer pool. Then, a fluorescently labeled nucleic acid sample is added through the sample loading port. Next, the corresponding electrodes are connected to the positive and negative electrode buffer pools, and the detection area is monitored using a fluorescence microscope or photodetector. In the same electric field, nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights have different migration velocities. These nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights will flow through the detection area in a zone-like manner according to their migration speed, and thus can be detected by fluorescence microscopes or photodetectors, forming electrophoretic data. By analyzing this electrophoretic data using data processing software, the corresponding nucleic acid fragment spectrum can be generated.
[0021] Obviously, the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip of this invention can be directly used for nucleic acid electrophoresis analysis without the need for gel preparation, thus avoiding the weighing, heating and melting, casting, and cooling operations required in the gel preparation process. Moreover, the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip of this invention has multiple nucleic acid detection channels, which can simultaneously detect multiple nucleic acid samples. Therefore, the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip of this invention can effectively improve the efficiency of nucleic acid analysis and detection. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip in this embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip in this embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the detection area in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0026] In the attached diagram, 100 is the substrate; 110 is the ear piece; 200 is the transparent top plate; 300 is the nucleic acid detection channel; 310 is the negative electrode buffer pool; 320 is the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel; 330 is the connecting cavity; 340 is the connecting channel; 350 is the positive electrode buffer pool; 400 is the sub-channel; 410 is the sample loading port; and 420 is the detection area. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0028] This invention provides a multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip. Figure 1 This diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2This diagram illustrates a planar structure of a multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip according to an embodiment of the present invention. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip includes a substrate 100 and a transparent top plate 200 bonded to the substrate 100. Multiple nucleic acid detection channels 300 are formed in the transparent top plate 200. Each nucleic acid detection channel 300 consists of a negative electrode buffer pool 310, a nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320, a connecting cavity 330, a connecting channel 340, and a positive electrode buffer pool 350 connected sequentially. In the same nucleic acid detection channel 300, the angle between the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320 and the connecting channel 340 is less than 20°. The length of the electrophoresis channel 320 is shorter than the length of the connecting channel 340; each of the nucleic acid electrophoresis channels 320 consists of two sub-channels 400 spaced apart, one end of each sub-channel 400 is connected to the negative electrode buffer pool 310, and the other end of each sub-channel 400 is connected to the connecting cavity 330; the width of each sub-channel 400 gradually decreases along the direction from the negative electrode buffer pool 310 to the connecting cavity 330; each sub-channel 400 has a sample loading port 410 at the end near the negative electrode buffer pool 310, and a detection area 420 at the end near the connecting cavity 330.
[0029] When using the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip of this invention, first fill the nucleic acid detection channel 300 with buffer solution through the positive electrode buffer pool 350 or the negative electrode buffer pool 310, then add the fluorescently labeled nucleic acid sample through the sample loading port 410, then connect the corresponding electrodes to the positive electrode buffer pool 350 and the negative electrode buffer pool 310, and monitor the detection area 420 with a fluorescence microscope or photodetector. Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the operation of the detection area in this embodiment of the invention. In the same electric field, nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights have different migration speeds. These nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights will flow through the detection area 420 in the form of zones according to their migration speed, so that they can be monitored by fluorescence microscopes or photodetectors to form electrophoretic data. By analyzing these electrophoretic data through data processing software, the corresponding nucleic acid fragment spectrum can be generated.
[0030] Obviously, the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip of this invention can be directly used for nucleic acid electrophoresis analysis without the need for gel preparation, thus avoiding the weighing, heating and melting, casting, and cooling operations required in the gel preparation process. Moreover, the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip of this invention has multiple nucleic acid detection channels 300, which can simultaneously detect multiple nucleic acid samples. Therefore, the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip of this invention can effectively improve the efficiency of nucleic acid analysis and detection.
[0031] In some specific embodiments, the substrate 100 is made of glass, plastic or polydimethylsiloxane, and the transparent top plate 200 is made of glass, plastic or polydimethylsiloxane, which facilitates processing.
[0032] Specifically, the substrate 100 is a light-shielding substrate 100, which helps to improve the fluorescence background and enhance the fluorescence clarity of nucleic acid fragments.
[0033] For further details, please refer to Figure 1 The substrate 100 has protruding ear pieces 110 for easy gripping by the user and to avoid touching the transparent top plate 200.
[0034] In some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The height of any of the sub-channels 400 ranges from 0.4 to 0.6 mm, the width of the end of any of the sub-channels 400 near the negative electrode buffer pool 310 ranges from 2 to 3 mm, and the width of the end of any of the sub-channels 400 near the connecting cavity 330 ranges from 0.8 to 1.2 mm. Combined with the characteristic that the width of the sub-channels 400 gradually decreases along the direction from the negative electrode buffer pool 310 to the connecting cavity 330, it is beneficial to improve the separation efficiency of nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights and form clearer bands.
[0035] Preferably, the height of any of the sub-channels 400 is 0.5 mm, the width of the end of any of the sub-channels 400 near the negative electrode buffer pool 310 is 2.5 mm, and the width of the end of any of the sub-channels 400 near the connecting cavity 330 is 1.0 mm.
[0036] In some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 In the same nucleic acid detection channel 300, the included angle between the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320 and the connecting channel 340 is between 8° and 16°. On the one hand, this can avoid the negative electrode buffer pool 310 and the positive electrode buffer pool 350 from being too close to affect the electric field. On the other hand, it is beneficial to control the space occupied by a single nucleic acid detection channel 300, so that more nucleic acid detection channels 300 can be accommodated in the transparent top plate 200.
[0037] Optionally, in the same nucleic acid detection channel 300, the angle between the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320 and the connecting channel 340 can be 8°, 10°, 12°, 14° or 16°, and a suitable angle can be selected according to the specifications of the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip.
[0038] In some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 1The height of the connection channel 340 is at least twice the height of the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320, and the height of the connection cavity 330 is equal to the height of the connection channel 340. This helps to ensure that the buffer solution can fully fill the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320 and avoid leaving air bubbles in the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320 when the buffer solution is injected.
[0039] In some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The width of the connection channel 340 gradually decreases along the direction from the positive electrode buffer pool 350 to the connection cavity 330, which is beneficial to improve the electrophoresis effect of nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights, so that the nucleic acid fragments can be effectively separated in the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320.
[0040] In some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The geometric center of the negative electrode buffer pool 310 and the geometric center of the positive electrode buffer pool 350 are located on the same circle, which is beneficial to improve the control accuracy of the electric field and facilitates the reasonable arrangement of each nucleic acid detection channel 300.
[0041] In some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The area of the negative electrode buffer pool 310 is at least 2.5 times that of the positive electrode buffer pool 350, which is beneficial to improving the electrophoresis effect of nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights, so that the nucleic acid fragments can be effectively separated in the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320.
[0042] In some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The geometric centers of the sample loading ports 410 of the two sub-channels 400 are located on the same circle, that is, the positions of the sample loading ports 410 of the two sub-channels 400 are consistent, which facilitates sample loading and is beneficial for comparing the nucleic acid electrophoresis results in the two sub-channels 400 side by side.
[0043] In some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The geometric centers of the detection areas 420 of the two sub-channels 400 are located on the same circle, that is, the detection areas 420 of the two sub-channels 400 are in the same position, which facilitates monitoring the electrophoresis results and makes it easy to compare the nucleic acid electrophoresis results in the two sub-channels 400 side by side.
[0044] In some specific embodiments, please refer to Figure 2The nucleic acid detection channel 300 has four channels, which are distributed at equal angles around the same center in the transparent top plate 200. The connecting cavity 330 of the four nucleic acid detection channels 300 is close to the center surrounded by the four nucleic acid detection channels 300, so that the detection area 420 is concentrated, which is convenient for monitoring by equipment such as fluorescence microscope or photodetector. Moreover, the negative electrode buffer pool 310 and positive electrode buffer pool 350 of the four nucleic acid detection channels 300 are far away from the center surrounded by the four nucleic acid detection channels 300, so that the negative electrode buffer pool 310 and positive electrode buffer pool 350 are dispersed, which is convenient for connecting the corresponding electrodes.
[0045] For details, please refer to Figure 2 The angle between adjacent nucleic acid detection channels 300 is 6° to 12°. This is to avoid the nucleic acid detection channels 300 from being too close to each other and to keep them as close as possible within the allowable range, so as to reduce the size of the multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis chip.
[0046] The working process of this novel multi-channel electrophoretic nucleic acid analysis and detection chip is as follows:
[0047] First, fill the nucleic acid detection channel 300 with buffer solution through the positive electrode buffer pool 350 or the negative electrode buffer pool 310. Then, add the fluorescently labeled nucleic acid sample through the sample loading port 410. Next, connect the corresponding electrodes to the positive electrode buffer pool 350 and the negative electrode buffer pool 310, and monitor the detection area 420 using a fluorescence microscope or photodetector. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 In the same electric field, nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights have different migration speeds. These nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights will flow through the detection area 420 in the form of zones according to their migration speed, so that they can be detected by fluorescence microscopes or photodetectors, forming electrophoretic data. By analyzing these electrophoretic data through data processing software, the corresponding nucleic acid fragment map can be generated.
[0048] Existing electric field control modules can provide precise electric field strength and direction control for multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chips; existing detection equipment, such as fluorescence microscopes or photodetectors, can clearly monitor fluorescence and generate electrophoresis data; and existing data processing software can effectively analyze and process the electrophoresis data to generate corresponding nucleic acid fragment maps.
[0049] This invention relates to a multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip, which can be directly used for nucleic acid electrophoresis analysis without the need for gel preparation, thus avoiding the weighing, heating and melting, casting, and cooling operations required in the gel preparation process. Moreover, this invention has multiple nucleic acid detection channels 300, which can simultaneously detect multiple nucleic acid samples. Therefore, this invention can effectively improve the efficiency of nucleic acid analysis and detection.
[0050] Furthermore, with the fine structure of the nucleic acid detection channel 300, the electrophoresis effect of nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights is good, which enables nucleic acid fragments of different molecular weights to be effectively separated in the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel 320, with high separation efficiency and good separation accuracy.
[0051] The above provides a detailed description of a multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip provided by the embodiments of this utility model. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
Claims
1. A multi-channel electrophoretic nucleic acid analysis and detection chip, characterized in that, The device includes a substrate and a transparent top plate attached to the substrate, wherein multiple nucleic acid detection channels are formed in the transparent top plate. Each of the aforementioned nucleic acid detection channels comprises a negative electrode buffer pool, a nucleic acid electrophoresis channel, a connecting cavity, a connecting channel, and a positive electrode buffer pool connected in sequence. In the same nucleic acid detection channel, the angle between the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel and the connecting channel is less than 20°, and the length of the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel is shorter than the length of the connecting channel; Each of the aforementioned nucleic acid electrophoresis channels consists of two sub-channels spaced apart, one end of each sub-channel being connected to the negative electrode buffer pool, and the other end of each sub-channel being connected to the connecting cavity; the width of each sub-channel gradually decreases along the direction from the negative electrode buffer pool to the connecting cavity; each sub-channel has a sample loading port at the end near the negative electrode buffer pool, and a detection area at the end near the connecting cavity.
2. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the same nucleic acid detection channel, the included angle between the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel and the connecting channel ranges from 8° to 16°.
3. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the connection channel is at least twice the height of the nucleic acid electrophoresis channel, and the height of the connection cavity is equal to the height of the connection channel.
4. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the connection channel gradually decreases along the direction from the positive electrode buffer pool to the connection cavity.
5. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The geometric center of the negative electrode buffer pool and the geometric center of the positive electrode buffer pool are located on the same circle.
6. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The area of the negative electrode buffer pool is at least 2.5 times the area of the positive electrode buffer pool.
7. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The geometric centers of the sample loading ports of the two sub-channels are located on the same circle.
8. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The geometric centers of the detection areas of the two sub-channels are located on the same circle.
9. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, There are four nucleic acid detection channels, which are distributed at equal angles around the same center in the transparent top plate. The connecting cavity of the four nucleic acid detection channels is close to the center surrounded by the four nucleic acid detection channels, while the negative and positive buffer pools of the four nucleic acid detection channels are far from the center surrounded by the four nucleic acid detection channels.
10. The multi-channel electrophoresis nucleic acid analysis and detection chip as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The angle between adjacent nucleic acid testing channels ranges from 6° to 12°.