Folding rudder structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a folding rudder structure which comprises a rudder surface, a rudder handle and a connecting piece, the bottom of the rudder surface is fixedly connected with a rudder root and a connector, and the rudder handle is connected with the rudder root and the connector through the connecting piece; the connecting piece comprises a connecting shaft and a spring; the other end of the connecting shaft is movably connected with the rudder root; two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the tiller and the connector; a positioning head is arranged on the side, close to the tiller, of the rudder root, a positioning groove is formed in the side, close to the rudder root, of the tiller, and the positioning groove is connected with the positioning head in a matched mode. A rotation limiting groove is formed in the front portion of the side, close to the connector, of the tiller, extends in the circumferential direction of the tiller and is used for limiting the rotation stroke and the axial position of the connector; an auxiliary positioning groove is formed in the top of the side, close to the connector, of the tiller. By means of the design, the problems that in the prior art, the circumferential positioning reliability of a folding rudder is insufficient, and multiple limiting guarantees are lacked are effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of aircraft component production technology, concretely is a folding rudder structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of aerospace, folding rudder structures are widely used in aircraft such as missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles. The core function is to reduce space occupation by folding during installation and to provide aerodynamic control torque after launch to achieve precise adjustment of the aircraft's attitude. With the increasing demand for maneuverability and reliability of aircraft, the positioning stability of the folding rudder in the unfolded state has become a key technical indicator. At high speeds, the rudder surface needs to withstand complex aerodynamic loads and vibration environments. If the positioning is not accurate, it can easily cause the rudder surface to deflect or sway, affecting the stable output of aerodynamic force and reducing the maneuvering accuracy and flight safety of the aircraft. Therefore, how to achieve reliable positioning of the rudder surface in multiple dimensions in the unfolded state through structural design has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in the industry.

[0003] Existing folding rudder structures usually use a single positioning method, such as relying solely on a connecting shaft or a spring for limiting. This lacks effective constraints on the circumferential position of the rudder surface. When the aircraft is flying at high speed or performing maneuvering actions, the dramatic changes in aerodynamic loads and vibrations can cause the rudder surface to deflect circumferentially. In traditional structures, only the simple cooperation of the connecting head and the rudder handle can maintain stable circumferential positioning under complex working conditions. In addition, some designs do not have auxiliary positioning structures. When a single limiting component fails due to fatigue or abnormal stress, the rudder surface is prone to circumferential sway, leading to unstable control torque transmission and even causing loss of control of the flight attitude. The shortcomings of existing technologies are mainly the lack of reliable circumferential positioning and the lack of multiple limiting safeguards, which cannot meet the needs of modern aircraft for high precision and high stability control.

[0004] In the patent with application number CN202122681843.0, a folding rudder blade structure is disclosed, which includes a rudder blade seat and a folding rudder blade. The centers of two pin mounting holes are each equipped with an ejection pin and a pin spring, and the bottom of the folding rudder blade is provided with two pin positioning holes corresponding to the ejection pins. This structure of the folding rudder blade lacks reliable circumferential limiting mechanisms after unfolding, which can cause the rudder blade to sway circumferentially during flight, leading to unstable control torque transmission. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a folding rudder structure to solve the following technical problems raised in the background art:

[0006] The existing folding rudder lacks reliable circumferential positioning and lacks multiple limiting safeguards.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0008] The folding rudder structure comprises a rudder surface, a rudder handle and a connecting piece, the bottom of the rudder surface is fixedly connected with a rudder root and a connecting head, the rudder handle is connected with the rudder root and the connecting head through the connecting piece; the connecting piece comprises a connecting shaft and a spring; one end of the connecting shaft is connected with the rudder handle, and the other end is movably connected with the rudder root; the spring is connected with the rudder handle and the connecting head at two ends respectively; a positioning head is arranged on one side of the rudder root close to the rudder handle, a positioning groove is arranged on one side of the rudder handle close to the rudder root, and the positioning groove is connected with the positioning head in a matched mode; a rotation limiting groove is arranged on the front part of one side of the rudder handle close to the connecting head, the rotation limiting groove extends along the circumference of the rudder handle, and the rotation limiting groove is used for limiting the rotation stroke and the axial position of the connecting head; an auxiliary positioning groove is arranged on the top of one side of the rudder handle close to the connecting head, and the rotation limiting groove is used for positioning the circumferential position of the connecting head.

[0009] Further, the rudder surface comprises upper and lower two parts which are fixedly connected with each other; the upper part is a trapezoidal structure, and the lower part is a right-angled trapezoidal structure; the upper part and the lower part have an included angle, and the included angle is 140-150 degrees.

[0010] Further, the top of the rudder handle is provided with a mounting groove, and the spring is arranged in the mounting groove; one side of the rudder handle is provided with a first spring mounting hole, the connecting head is provided with a second spring mounting hole, one end of the spring is inserted into the first spring mounting hole, and the other end of the spring is inserted into the second spring mounting hole.

[0011] Further, the bottom of one side of the rudder handle is fixedly connected with a mounting column.

[0012] Further, the connecting shaft comprises a fixed shaft, a movable shaft and a positioning piece; the rudder root is provided with a first shaft hole, the connecting head is provided with a second shaft hole, and one side of the rudder handle close to the connecting head is provided with a third shaft hole; the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the rudder handle away from the connecting head, and the fixed shaft is movably inserted into the first shaft hole; the movable shaft is inserted into the second shaft hole and the third shaft hole and connected with the rudder handle through the positioning piece.

[0013] Further, one side of the movable shaft is provided with a limiting groove, the rudder handle is provided with a limiting hole, and one side of the limiting hole faces the limiting groove; the positioning piece is a limiting pin, and the limiting pin is inserted into the limiting hole and extends into the limiting groove.

[0014] Further, the rudder root is provided with an air pressure hole, and the air pressure hole is communicated with the first shaft hole.

[0015] Further, the rotation limiting groove limits the maximum rotation angle of the rudder surface to 100 degrees.

[0016] Further, the spring is made of alloy steel.

[0017] Further, an auxiliary limiting protrusion is arranged at a position close to the bottom of the front side of the rudder handle.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The positioning head of the rudder root cooperates with the positioning groove of the rudder handle, forms the circumferential main positioning, ensures that the rudder surface does not occur circumferential deflection under the aerodynamic load after being unfolded, stably transmits the control torque, and guarantees the accuracy of the attitude adjustment of the aircraft.

[0020] The spring is connected with the rudder handle and the connecting head respectively, after the aircraft is launched, the spring elastic force drives the rudder surface to twist and separate from the rotation limiting groove, then moves axially to make the positioning head cooperate with the positioning groove, completes the full-automatic process of "folding-unfolding-positioning", does not need external driving mechanism, simplifies the system design, and improves the response speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a partial sectional view schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a rudder surface structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a rudder handle structure schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0024] Marked in the drawing: 1-rudder surface, 2-positioning head, 3-fixed shaft, 4-rudder root, 5-first shaft hole, 6-air pressure hole, 7-positioning groove, 8-rudder handle, 9-mounting column, 10-mounting groove, 11-spring, 12-movable shaft, 13-limiting pin, 14-limiting hole, 15-limiting groove, 16-third shaft hole, 17-second shaft hole, 18-connecting head, 19-assistant positioning groove, 20-rotation limiting groove, 21-assistant limiting protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model, obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0026] Embodiment:

[0027] The application discloses a folding rudder structure, which comprises a rudder surface 1, a rudder stock 8 and a connecting piece, the bottom of the rudder surface 1 is fixedly connected with a rudder root 4 and a connecting head 18, the rudder stock 8 is connected with the rudder root 4 and the connecting head 18 through the connecting piece; the connecting piece comprises a connecting shaft and a spring 11; one end of the connecting shaft is connected with the rudder stock 8, and the other end of the connecting shaft is movably connected with the rudder root 4; the spring 11 is connected with the rudder stock 8 and the connecting head 18 at two ends respectively; a positioning head 2 is arranged on one side of the rudder root 4 close to the rudder stock 8, a positioning groove 7 is arranged on one side of the rudder stock 8 close to the rudder root 4, and the positioning groove 7 is connected with the positioning head 2 in a matched mode; a rotation limiting groove 20 is arranged on the front part of one side of the rudder stock 8 close to the connecting head 18, the rotation limiting groove 20 extends along the circumference of the rudder stock 8, and the rotation limiting groove 20 is used for limiting the rotation stroke and the axial position of the connecting head 18; an auxiliary positioning groove 19 is arranged on the top of one side of the rudder stock 8 close to the connecting head 18, and the rotation limiting groove 20 is used for positioning the circumferential position of the connecting head 18.

[0028] The spring 11 is used for driving the folded rudder surface 1 to reset, the positioning head 2 and the positioning groove 7 are arranged in a matched mode and are used for positioning the unfolded rudder surface 1. The rotation limiting groove 20 is used for limiting the folding angle of the rudder surface 1 and also facilitates the positioning of the folded rudder surface 1. The auxiliary positioning groove 19 is used for assisting in positioning the rudder surface 1 after the rudder surface 1 is unfolded, so that the rudder surface 1 is prevented from shaking. Specifically, in use, the rudder surface 1 needs to be folded first, so that the aircraft is conveniently installed. The rudder surface 1 is pulled towards the rudder root 4, so that the positioning head 2 is separated from the positioning groove 7, then the rudder surface 1 is rotated, and the root of the connecting head 18 enters the rotation limiting groove 20. At this time, the axial position of the rudder surface 1 is limited, and the aircraft is installed. After the aircraft is launched, the spring 11 drives the rudder surface 1 to twist, and the connecting head 18 is separated from the rotation limiting groove 20. Then the spring 11 drives the rudder surface 1 to move, and the positioning head 2 is connected with the positioning groove 7 in a matched mode. Meanwhile, the root of the connecting head 18 enters the auxiliary positioning groove 19. At this time, the axial position of the rudder surface 1 is fully limited.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the rudder surface 1 comprises upper and lower two parts which are fixedly connected with each other; the upper part is a trapezoidal structure, the lower part is a right-angled trapezoidal structure, and the upper part and the lower part have an included angle of 140-150 degrees. The trapezoidal structure of the upper part can provide a larger span width, increase the effective control area of the rudder surface 1, and improve the aerodynamic control efficiency, for example, generate larger normal force and pitch and yaw moments when the rudder is deflected. In the right-angled trapezoidal structure of the lower part, the bottom is directly connected with the connecting head 18 of the rudder root 4, so that the force arm is shortened and the bending moment of the connecting point of the rudder root 4 caused by the aerodynamic load is reduced. The included angle of 140-150 degrees forms a backward sweep angle, delays high-speed airflow separation, reduces shock wave resistance, simultaneously makes the overall aerodynamic center of the rudder surface 1 move backward, and improves the control stability. In the embodiment, the included angle is specifically 143 degrees.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the rudder handle 8 is provided with a mounting groove 10, and a spring 11 is arranged in the mounting groove 10; one side of the rudder handle 8 is provided with a first spring mounting hole, and the connecting head 18 is provided with a second spring mounting hole, one end of the spring 11 is inserted into the first spring mounting hole, and the other end is inserted into the second spring mounting hole. The mounting groove 10 can provide a relatively closed and stable accommodation space for the spring 11, avoiding the spring 11 from being displaced, deformed or even damaged due to external airflow impact, vibration or accidental collision with other parts during the flight of the aircraft, thereby ensuring that the spring 11 can normally play its function. By arranging the first spring mounting hole on one side of the rudder handle 8 and the second spring mounting hole on the connecting head 18, and inserting the two ends of the spring 11 into the two mounting holes respectively, the installation position of the spring 11 can be determined, preventing the spring 11 from being axially inclined during extension and contraction, and ensuring that the spring 11 can accurately drive the rudder surface 1 to perform the resetting action every time according to the design requirements.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of one side of the rudder handle 8 is fixedly connected with a mounting column 9, and the mounting column 9 is used to connect with the aircraft. The mounting column 9, as a connecting component between the rudder handle 8 and the aircraft, can provide a stable and reliable connection point. By being fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the rudder handle 8, the rudder handle 8 is firmly attached to the aircraft.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting shaft includes a fixed shaft 3, a movable shaft 12 and a positioning member; the rudder stock 4 is provided with a first shaft hole 5, the connecting head 18 is provided with a second shaft hole 17, and the rudder handle 8 is provided with a third shaft hole 16 on the side close to the connecting head 18; the fixed shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the side of the rudder handle 8 away from the connecting head 18, and is movably inserted into the first shaft hole 5; the movable shaft 12 is inserted into the second shaft hole 17 and the third shaft hole 16 and is connected with the rudder handle 8 through the positioning member. The fixed shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the side of the rudder handle 8 away from the connecting head 18 and is movably inserted into the first shaft hole 5 of the rudder stock 4, and the movable shaft 12 is inserted into the second shaft hole 17 of the connecting head 18 and the third shaft hole 16 on the side of the rudder handle 8 close to the connecting head 18. Such a design enables the rudder surface 1 and the rudder handle 8 to rotate relative to each other around the connecting shaft. The flexibility of relative rotation is fully embodied when the rudder surface 1 performs folding and unfolding actions, enabling the rudder surface 1 to be smoothly folded and unfolded according to the predetermined angle. When maintenance, repair or replacement of the folded rudder structure is required, such a structure makes it easy to carry out disassembly work. By releasing the connection between the positioning member, the movable shaft 12 and the rudder handle 8, the movable shaft 12 can be conveniently removed, and then the rudder surface 1 can be separated from the rudder handle 8, facilitating subsequent individual inspection, repair or replacement of each component, which is conducive to prolonging the service life of the entire folded rudder structure and improving its maintainability.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, one side of the movable shaft 12 is provided with a limiting slot 15, the rudder handle 8 is provided with a limiting hole 14, one side of the limiting hole 14 is directed to the limiting slot 15; the positioning member is a limiting pin 13, the limiting pin 13 is inserted into the limiting hole 14 and extends into the limiting slot 15. The limiting pin 13 is inserted into the limiting hole 14 and extends into the limiting slot 15, which can accurately limit the position of the movable shaft 12 relative to the rudder handle 8, ensure the relative position between the rudder surface 1 and the rudder handle 8 is accurate, guarantee the rudder surface 1 is in the accurate preset state when folding and unfolding, and improve the attitude control accuracy of the aircraft. When assembling, the limiting pin 13 is simple and intuitive to install, easy to operate, and improves the assembly efficiency. When maintaining, it is also easy to disassemble and check, facilitates the maintenance or replacement of related components, and is beneficial to improve the maintainability of the structure.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the rudder root 4 is provided with an air pressure hole 6, and the air pressure hole 6 is communicated with the first shaft hole 5. The air pressure hole 6 is used to ensure that the movement of the fixed shaft 3 in the first shaft hole 5 is smoother when the rudder surface 1 is reset. When the rudder surface 1 performs a reset action, the fixed shaft 3 moves relatively in the first shaft hole 5 of the rudder root 4. Because the air pressure hole 6 is communicated with the first shaft hole 5, the air pressure inside and outside the shaft hole can be balanced. If there is no air pressure hole 6, the air in the shaft hole will be compressed during the movement of the fixed shaft 3, which will generate air pressure resistance to hinder the movement of the fixed shaft 3. The existence of the air pressure hole 6 avoids this situation.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the rotation limiting slot 20 limits the maximum rotation angle of the rudder surface 1 to 100°. This angle can ensure that the folding rudder can be quickly reset under the premise of facilitating the installation of the aircraft.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the spring 11 is made of alloy steel. Alloy steel has high strength and can withstand tensile force, torsional force and the like during the folding and unfolding of the rudder surface 1, so as to ensure that the spring 11 is not easily deformed and damaged during repeated stretching and contraction, and to ensure reliable operation of the structure.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary limiting protrusion 21 is arranged on the front side of the rudder handle 8 near the bottom. Normally, the limiting is realized by the cooperation of the connecting head 18 and the rotation limiting slot 20 when the rudder surface 1 is folded, and the arrangement of the auxiliary limiting protrusion 21 can assist in the circumferential limiting.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "central", "both ends" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0039] In the utility model, unless another explicit provision and limitation, the term "installation" "arrangement" "connection" "fixation" "screw connection" and so on term should do the broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or become an integral whole, can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection, can be direct connection, also can indirectly connect through the intermediate medium, can be two element inside the intercommunication or two element's mutual action relation, unless another explicit limitation, for the ordinary skill in the art, can understand the specific meaning of the above-mentioned term in the utility model according to specific circumstances.

[0040] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the utility model, and the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A folding rudder structure, characterized by: It includes a rudder surface (1), a rudder handle (8), and a connector. The bottom of the rudder surface (1) is fixed with a rudder root (4) and a connector (18). The rudder handle (8) is connected to the rudder root (4) and the connector (18) through the connector. The connector includes a connecting shaft and a spring (11); one end of the connecting shaft is connected to the rudder handle (8), and the other end is movably connected to the rudder root (4); the two ends of the spring (11) are connected to the rudder handle (8) and the connector (18) respectively; A positioning head (2) is provided on the side of the rudder root (4) near the rudder handle (8), and a positioning groove (7) is provided on the side of the rudder handle (8) near the rudder root (4). The positioning groove (7) is connected to the positioning head (2). A rotation limiting groove (20) is provided on the front part of the rudder handle (8) near the connector (18). The rotation limiting groove (20) extends along the circumference of the rudder handle (8). The rotation limiting groove (20) is used to limit the rotation stroke and axial position of the connector (18). An auxiliary positioning groove (19) is provided on the top of the rudder handle (8) near the connector (18). The rotation limiting groove (20) is used to position the circumferential position of the connector (18).

2. The folded rudder structure of claim 1, wherein: The rudder (1) consists of two parts that are fixed to each other, the upper part is trapezoidal and the lower part is a right trapezoidal structure; there is an angle between the upper part and the lower part, which is 140°-150°.

3. The folded rudder structure of claim 1, wherein: The top of the rudder (8) is provided with a mounting groove (10), and the spring (11) is provided in the mounting groove (10); a first spring mounting hole is provided on one side of the rudder (8), and a second spring mounting hole is provided on the connector (18). One end of the spring (11) is inserted into the first spring mounting hole, and the other end is inserted into the second spring mounting hole.

4. The folded rudder structure of claim 1, wherein: A mounting post (9) is fixed to the bottom of one side of the rudder (8).

5. The folded rudder structure of claim 1, wherein: The connecting shaft includes a fixed shaft (3), a movable shaft (12), and a positioning element; a first shaft hole (5) is provided on the rudder root (4), a second shaft hole (17) is provided on the connector (18), and a third shaft hole (16) is provided on the side of the rudder handle (8) near the connector (18); the fixed shaft (3) is fixed to the side of the rudder handle (8) away from the connector (18), and the fixed shaft (3) is movably inserted into the first shaft hole (5); the movable shaft (12) is inserted into the second shaft hole (17) and the third shaft hole (16) and is connected to the rudder handle (8) through the positioning element.

6. A folded rudder structure according to claim 5, wherein: A limiting groove (15) is provided on one side of the movable shaft (12), and a limiting hole (14) is provided on the rudder handle (8). One side of the limiting hole (14) faces the limiting groove (15). The positioning element is a limiting pin (13), which is inserted into the limiting hole (14) and extends into the limiting groove (15).

7. The folded rudder structure of claim 5, wherein: The rudder root (4) is provided with an air pressure hole (6), which is connected to the first shaft hole (5).

8. The folded rudder structure of claim 1, wherein: The rotation limit groove (20) limits the maximum rotation angle of the rudder surface (1) to 100°.

9. The folded rudder structure of claim 1, wherein: The spring (11) is made of alloy steel.

10. The folded rudder structure of claim 1, wherein: An auxiliary limiting protrusion (21) is provided on the front side of the rudder (8) near the bottom.

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