Desilting project base habitat frame

Abstract

The utility model provides a desilting project base habitat frame, relates to the technical field of river ecological restoration, the desilting project base habitat frame mainly comprises a plurality of habitat frame units which are vertically and horizontally arranged and mutually connected, each habitat frame unit comprises a tray and a structural frame, the tray is located below the structural frame, the structural frame is located on an upstream face, and the tray is located below the structural frame. The structural frame is fixedly arranged on the tray, the structural frame is sequentially filled with stone grains with gradually increased grain sizes from bottom to top, and sand and gravels are sequentially placed in the tray from bottom to top. Compared with the prior art which only considers the effect of gaps and cannot simulate the form and the material level of an actual river and lake bottom bed, the stone particle combined ecological river and lake bottom bed model utilizes stone particles to form a multi-layer material unit combination and simulates the material composition and the structural form of a natural ecological river and lake bottom bed substrate, thereby being more beneficial to ecological improvement and formation of a stable and tough habitat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of river ecological restoration technology, and in particular to a substrate habitat frame for dredging projects. Background Technology

[0002] River development impacts aquatic ecosystems. In particular, construction projects such as water conservancy, navigation, flood control, docks, and bridges alter the natural topography, water depth distribution, flow velocity, flow field, and sediment composition of river channels, destroying breeding grounds and suitable habitats for aquatic organisms, with a particularly severe impact on fish. The construction of water-related facilities in large rivers is often more concentrated. For example, the numerous dams, channel improvement structures, cross-river bridges, and port terminals already built in the Yangtze River have obstructed river flow, hardened the riverbed, and created localized rapids, drastically reducing the living space for aquatic life.

[0003] Currently, to restore fish habitats, some underwater habitat improvement and construction structures have been proposed. For example, patent CN220619961U discloses a prefabricated hollow-shaped assembled ecological frame. The main body of the ecological frame has a filling groove formed inside by partitions for filling with stones. The front surface of the main body of the ecological frame has a hollow groove communicating with the filling groove. The middle of the side of the main body of the ecological frame has a circular hole communicating with the filling groove. The side of the main body of the ecological frame has a connecting protrusion. When adjacent ecological frame bodies are connected, the connecting protrusion is fastened by an anti-corrosion bolt assembly. In this utility model, after the anti-corrosion bolts are tightened, a tensioning wedge is inserted into the middle cylinder, causing the two ends of the middle cylinder to expand outwards and be tensioned and fixed within the connecting protrusion. This ecological frame serves as a revetment. Combining erosion resistance and permeability, this structure also allows for the planting of vegetation to restore the ecological environment. It addresses the problems of traditional revetment structures, such as altering the physical properties of the original boundary, damaging the original habitat conditions, and disrupting the connection between the original river water and the riverbed soil. Patent CN214102809U discloses a wood-and-stone slatted structure for underwater habitat improvement. This slatted structure includes an upper slatted structure and a lower netted structure. The upper slatted structure is tetrahedral, and the lower netted structure includes a hemp mesh and stones filled within the hemp mesh. By filling the mesh with stones, the structural center of gravity is lowered, improving stability. Simultaneously, combined with soil filling and grass planting, ecological integration is enhanced. The upper slatted structure is connected to the hemp mesh. This invention uses environmentally friendly materials and is easy to install. It is suitable for habitat improvement structures in areas with high flow velocity, high water level difference, and complex river morphology. The special shoal structure of this invention can create a slow-flowing effect, providing a good nursery site for fish fry to avoid danger and forage, thereby improving the survival rate of fry. At the same time, by filling with boulders, the center of gravity of the structure is lowered, improving stability. In addition, the combination of filling with soil and planting grass increases ecological integration.

[0004] The existing technologies described above only provide living space for organisms through pores and cavities, without considering the repair and replenishment of the substrate, making it difficult to achieve effective habitat restoration. Although some technologies do consider substrate placement, their materials are limited and their structural forms cannot be well integrated with the characteristics of the underwater environment, failing to meet the diverse habitat needs of various organisms. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a substrate habitat frame for dredging projects, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing technology does not consider the repair and replenishment of the substrate, which makes it difficult to achieve effective habitat restoration.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a habitat frame for dredging engineering, comprising several habitat frame units arranged longitudinally and laterally and interconnected. Each habitat frame unit includes a tray and a structural frame. The tray is located below the structural frame, and the structural frame is located on the water-facing side. The structural frame is fixedly mounted on the tray. The structural frame is filled with stones of gradually increasing size from bottom to top, and the tray is filled with sand and gravel from bottom to top.

[0007] Optionally, the structural frame is configured as a trapezoidal structural frame.

[0008] Optionally, the trapezoidal frame includes two first inclined rods and two second inclined rods, wherein the first inclined rods form an acute angle with the water flow direction, and the second inclined rods form an obtuse angle with the water flow direction.

[0009] Optionally, the length of the first hypotenuse is greater than the length of the second hypotenuse.

[0010] Optionally, the stone particles include sand, gravel, pebbles, and boulders, and the sand, gravel, pebbles, and boulders are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0011] Optionally, the sand has a particle size range of 0.1 mm to 2 mm and a thickness of 25 mm to 35 mm.

[0012] Optionally, the gravel has a particle size range of 2 mm to 16 mm and a thickness of 45 mm to 55 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the pebble has a particle size range of 16 mm to 250 mm and a thickness of 150 mm to 250 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the particle size of the boulder is above 250 mm and the thickness is 250 mm-350 mm.

[0015] Optionally, the area of ​​the tray is larger than the area of ​​the bottom surface of the trapezoidal frame.

[0016] The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame provided by this utility model has the following technical effects:

[0017] This type of dredging engineering substrate habitat frame mainly consists of several interconnected habitat frame units arranged longitudinally and laterally. Each habitat frame unit includes a tray and a structural frame. The tray is located below the structural frame, which is positioned on the water-facing side and fixed to the tray. The structural frame is filled with progressively larger pebbles from bottom to top, while the tray contains sand and gravel from bottom to top. Compared to existing technologies that only consider the effect of voids and cannot simulate the morphology and material layers of actual river and lake beds, this invention utilizes pebbles to form a multi-layered material unit combination, simulating the material composition and structural form of natural ecological river and lake beds, which is more conducive to ecological improvement and forms a stable and resilient habitat. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the substrate habitat frame for dredging engineering of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional filling effect of the habitat frame at the base of the dredging project;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the complete filling effect of the habitat frame at the base of the dredging project.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the unit splicing of the habitat frame of the dredging project.

[0023] in, Figures 1-4 :

[0024] 1. Habitat frame unit; 11. Trapezoidal frame structure; 111. First hypotenuse; 112. Second hypotenuse; 12. Tray;

[0025] 2. Sand; 3. Gravel; 4. Pebbles; 5. Boulders. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0027] Based on the shortcomings of existing technologies, the following section combines specific examples. Figure 1-4 This invention provides a detailed description of the substrate habitat frame for dredging engineering.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a habitat frame for dredging engineering. This habitat frame includes several habitat frame units 1, which are arranged longitudinally and laterally and connected to each other. Each habitat frame unit 1 includes a tray 12 and a structural frame. The tray 12 is a plate-like structure, and the structural frame is a frame structure. The tray 12 is located below the structural frame, and the structural frame is located on the water-facing side. The structural frame is fixed on the tray 12 and cannot move on the tray 12. Meanwhile, the structural frame is filled with stones of gradually increasing size from bottom to top, and the tray is filled with sand and gravel from bottom to top.

[0029] The structural frame of this utility model is preferably a trapezoidal structural frame 11, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the trapezoidal structural frame 11 and the tray 12 are connected longitudinally and transversely on the river and lake bottom after being combined. The structural frame is located on the water-facing side, forming a simulated sand wave structure or a stepped system in areas with drops. Sand wave structures and stepped systems are common river landforms that can form vertical and horizontal eddies, and have significant ecological effects.

[0030] In addition, in shallow water areas, planting soil and grass seeds can be added to the upper layer of the trapezoidal frame 11 and tray 12 to increase the richness of habitat species.

[0031] A trapezoidal frame 11 and a tray 12 are used as unit combinations. Sand 2, gravel 3, pebbles 4 and boulders 5 are filled in the trapezoidal frame 11 from bottom to top. Sand 2, gravel 3, pebbles 4 and boulders 5 are arranged in order from bottom to top.

[0032] Among them, the particle size of sand 2 ranges from 0.1 mm to 2 mm, and the thickness is 25 mm to 35 mm, preferably 30 mm; the particle size of gravel 3 ranges from 2 mm to 16 mm, and the thickness is 45 mm to 55 mm, preferably 50 mm; the particle size of pebble 4 ranges from 16 mm to 250 mm, and the thickness is 150 mm to 250 mm, preferably 200 mm; the particle size of boulder 5 is greater than 250 mm, and the thickness is 250 mm to 350 mm, preferably 300 mm. This creates a multi-layered environment with heterogeneous substrate particle size, porosity, and surface water flow patterns, providing habitats for aquatic communities such as algae, benthic animals, and fish. The habitat frame simulates the irregular shape, roughness coefficient, and bottom slope of a natural river channel, forming a non-uniform flow. The flowing water environment on pebble 4 ensures sufficient oxygen, and the attached microbial film and pebble 4 can form a complete habitat system.

[0033] In addition, see also Figure 1 As shown, the area of ​​the tray 12 in this embodiment is larger than the area of ​​the bottom surface of the trapezoidal structure. The tray 12 is filled with sand 2 and gravel 3 from bottom to top. The particle size of sand 2 is 0.1 mm-2 mm and the thickness is 25 mm-35 mm. The particle size of gravel 3 is 2 mm-16 mm and the thickness is 45 mm-55 mm, preferably 50 mm, which is the extension of sand 2 and gravel 3 in the trapezoidal structure frame 11.

[0034] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the trapezoidal frame 11 includes two first hypotenuse rods 111 and two second hypotenuse rods 112. The first hypotenuse rods 111 form an acute angle with the direction of water flow, and the second hypotenuse rods 112 form an obtuse angle with the direction of water flow. The length of the first hypotenuse rods 111 is greater than the length of the second hypotenuse rods 112.

[0035] By making the length of the first hypotenuse 111 greater than the length of the second hypotenuse 112, and making the first hypotenuse 111 at an acute angle to the direction of water flow and the second hypotenuse 112 at an obtuse angle to the direction of water flow, the trapezoidal frame 11 can form a structure similar to a sand slope, or form a stepped system in areas with drops. Sand slope structures and stepped systems are common river landforms that can form vertical and horizontal eddies, and have significant ecological effects.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A habitat frame for dredging engineering substrates, characterized in that, It includes several habitat frame units arranged in a longitudinal and transverse manner and interconnected. Each habitat frame unit includes a tray and a structural frame. The tray is located below the structural frame, and the structural frame is located on the water-facing side and fixed on the tray. The structural frame is filled with stones of gradually increasing size from bottom to top, and the tray is filled with sand and gravel from bottom to top.

2. The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural frame is set as a trapezoidal structural frame.

3. The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame according to claim 2, characterized in that, The trapezoidal frame includes two first inclined rods and two second inclined rods. The first inclined rods form an acute angle with the direction of water flow, and the second inclined rods form an obtuse angle with the direction of water flow.

4. The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the first hypotenuse is greater than the length of the second hypotenuse.

5. The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stone particles include sand, gravel, pebbles, and boulders, arranged sequentially from bottom to top.

6. The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sand has a particle size range of 0.1 mm to 2 mm and a thickness of 25 mm to 35 mm.

7. The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gravel has a particle size range of 2 mm to 16 mm and a thickness of 45 mm to 55 mm.

8. The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pebbles have a particle size range of 16 mm to 250 mm and a thickness of 150 mm to 250 mm.

9. The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame according to claim 5, characterized in that, The boulders have a particle size range of 250 mm or more and a thickness of 250 mm to 350 mm.

10. The dredging engineering substrate habitat frame according to any one of claims 2-9, characterized in that, The area of ​​the tray is larger than the area of ​​the bottom surface of the trapezoidal frame.

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