Foldable antenna with reconfigurable directional diagram and beam
By designing the dielectric substrate and reflector, the radiation pattern and beam can be reconfigured, solving the problems of angle coverage and structural complexity of existing antennas, and providing flexible beam steering and frequency coverage, making it suitable for wireless communication systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
Most existing pattern reconfigurable antennas can only achieve pattern reconfiguration at a limited angle and cannot provide 360° coverage. They also require complex feeding networks, which increases structural complexity and cost.
The design employs a dielectric substrate, a central circular metal patch, a reflector, and a coaxial feed line. The beam shape and radiation pattern are dynamically adjusted by vertically folding the reflector. The antenna has three switching states: omnidirectional, single-beam directional, and dual-beam directional. This avoids the defects of semiconductor devices and eliminates the need for a complex feed network.
It enables flexible switching between omnidirectional and directional antennas, and the beam can be turned within a 360° range. It has a simple structure, thin thickness, small size, and light weight, covers the 5GHz band, and is suitable for wireless communication systems, reducing structural complexity and cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN224036625U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antenna, concretely is a foldable antenna with pattern and beam reconfiguration. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the rapid development of a series of wireless communication technologies such as mobile communication, Internet of Things, AI, etc., multi-functional and small-size antennas are increasingly in demand. Reconfigurable antennas can enable wireless devices to switch flexibly between different frequency bands or polarities or directions or beam shapes without additional space, supporting more application scenarios. Among them, the pattern reconfigurable antenna can change the beam direction according to the communication demand, directional communication, improve the gain and utilization rate, and at the same time can avoid interference, greatly improving the communication efficiency.
[0003] The reconfigurability of the antenna is usually realized by using semiconductor devices (diodes, varactor diodes or transistors, etc.). The semiconductor reconfigurable antenna is small in size and easy to operate, but it introduces distortion in the transmission path or reduces the noise ratio in the receiving path of the wireless link, especially at high frequencies, and they are not suitable for high-power operation. In addition, semiconductor devices usually have a short service life and a high failure rate. Most of the existing pattern reconfigurable antennas can only realize limited-angle pattern reconfiguration and cannot cover 360°, and they also require complex feed networks, further increasing the structural complexity and cost. SUMMARY
[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a foldable antenna with pattern and beam reconfiguration to solve the technical problems that most of the existing pattern reconfigurable antennas can only realize limited-angle pattern reconfiguration and cannot cover 360°, and they also require complex feed networks.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of: a foldable antenna with pattern and beam reconfiguration, comprising: a dielectric substrate, the lower bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is attached with a substrate metal patch, and the upper top surface is printed with a center circular metal patch, the center circular metal patch has an annular gap; a coaxial feed line, which is connected to the center of the substrate metal patch and the center circular metal patch; a reflector plate, including a first reflector plate, a second reflector plate and a third reflector plate, connected to the outer side of the dielectric substrate, the back surface of each is attached with a reflector plate metal patch, the included angle between adjacent reflector plates is 120°, and each reflector plate can be folded vertically.
[0006] Further, six cylindrical short-circuit through holes are formed in the dielectric substrate, which uniformly surround the center of the center circular metal patch.
[0007] Further, each short-circuit through hole penetrates the dielectric substrate, the center circular metal patch on the top surface of the substrate and the substrate metal patch on the bottom surface.
[0008] Further, the center of each short-circuit through hole is 14mm away from the center of the circular metal patch.
[0009] Further, each short-circuit through hole is a hollow metal column with a radius of 0.8mm and a height of 2mm.
[0010] Further, the dielectric substrate is a right triangular prism with a side length of 62mm and a thickness of 2mm.
[0011] Further, the center circular metal patch has a radius of 16mm, and the center circular metal patch is divided into a circular patch with a radius of 8mm and a circular arc with a width of 7.4mm by an annular gap with a width of 0.6mm.
[0012] Further, the three reflecting plates are all cuboids with a width of 20mm, a length of 62mm and a thickness of 2mm.
[0013] Further, the reflecting plate metal patches are all isosceles trapezoids with an upper side length of 46mm, a lower side length of 54mm and a height of 18mm.
[0014] Further, the dielectric substrate 2 and the reflecting plates are F4B with a dielectric constant of 2.2, and the substrate metal patch (10) is copper.
[0015] The utility model discloses when using, can be through the reflecting plate of different number and different position vertical folding, realize the dynamic control of beam shape and directional diagram, the utility model discloses reconfigurable antenna has three switching states, specifically includes:
[0016] State 1: three reflecting plates are all unfolded and are in the same horizontal plane with the center circular metal patch 1, at this time, the antenna is an omnidirectional antenna, the antenna operating frequency band is 5.19-5.29GHz, and the peak gain is 4.77dB.
[0017] State 2: one of the three reflecting plates is vertically folded by 90 °, at this time, the antenna is a single-beam directional antenna, the operating frequency band is 5.19-5.30GHz, and the three reflecting plates 5 / 6 / 7 are sequentially vertically folded by 90 °, so that the main radiation direction changes sequentially and is 0 °, 120 ° and-120 ° respectively, at this time, the peak gain is 7.95dB.
[0018] State 3: two of the three reflecting plates are vertically folded by 90 °, at this time, the antenna is a double-beam directional antenna, the operating frequency band is 5.23-5.34GHz, the reconfigurable main radiation direction interval is 120 °, and the two peak gains of the double beam are spaced by 80 °, and are both 5.20dB.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0020] 1. The utility model discloses a perpendicular overturning of the reflecting plate realizes omnidirectional and directional antenna switching, and when making directional antenna, the beam can be turned in 360 ° range;
[0021] 2. The antenna can also beam shape reconfiguration, realize omnidirectional light beam, single beam, double light beam reconfiguration;
[0022] 3. Antenna operating frequency covers 5GHz waveband, and can have extensive application prospect in current wireless communication system;
[0023] 4. The utility model discloses the folding of antenna structure realizes the beam reconfiguration and the pattern reconfiguration of antenna, avoids the defect of semiconductor reconfigurable antenna, and simultaneously does not need complex feed network, greatly reduces the complexity and cost of structure.
[0024] The utility model discloses reconfigurable antenna structure simple, thin, small, light, radiation performance is good, multi -functional, application flexible. ACCURACY OF DRAWINGS
[0025] Figure 1 It is the antenna structure of the top surface of the dielectric substrate of the antenna.
[0026] Figure 2 It is the antenna structure of the lower bottom surface of the dielectric substrate of the antenna.
[0027] Figure 3 It is the structure of the foldable antenna of the antenna when being in state 2 (single beam directional antenna), if the 90 ° perpendicular folding of one reflecting plate is followed, the main radiation direction changes 120 ° in turn.
[0028] Figure 4 It is the structure of the foldable antenna of the antenna when being in state 3 (double beam directional antenna), if the 90 ° perpendicular folding of two reflecting plates is followed, the main radiation direction changes 120 ° in turn.
[0029] Figure 5 It is the pattern of XOY plane when the antenna is completely unfolded and is in state 1 (omnidirectional antenna).
[0030] Figure 6 It is the pattern of XOZ plane when the antenna is completely unfolded and is in state 1 (omnidirectional antenna).
[0031] Figure 7 It is the single radiation pattern of the antenna when being in state 2 (single beam directional antenna).
[0032] Figure 8 It is the three kinds of radiation direction schematic diagram of the antenna when being in state 2 (single beam directional antenna).
[0033] Figure 9 The antenna state 3 return loss curve diagram of the utility model.
[0034] Figure 10 The antenna state 1 return loss curve diagram of the utility model;
[0035] Figure 11 The antenna state 2 return loss curve diagram of the utility model;
[0036] Figure 12 The antenna state 3 return loss curve diagram of the utility model.
[0037] In the figure: 1, center circular metal patch;2, dielectric substrate;3, ring gap;4, short-circuit through-hole;5, first reflection plate;6, second reflection plate;7, third reflection plate;8, reflection plate metal patch;9, coaxial feed line;10, substrate metal patch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0038] The utility model is further illustrated below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that these examples are only used for illustrating the utility model and not for limiting the scope of the utility model, and after reading the utility model, the modification of various equivalent forms of the utility model by the person skilled in the art all fall within the range defined by the claims attached to the present application.
[0039] As Figures 1-12 The utility model provides a kind of direction diagram and beam reconfigurable foldable antenna, refer to Figure 1 And 2, including center circular metal patch 1, center circular metal patch 1 is printed on the top surface of medium substrate 2, center circular metal patch 1 has an annular gap 3, medium substrate 2 has six cylindrical short-circuit through holes 4, the lower bottom surface of medium substrate 2 is covered with substrate metal patch 10, medium substrate 2 is connected with three reflecting plates, including first reflecting plate 5, second reflecting plate 6 and third reflecting plate 7, the back of the three reflecting plates is covered with reflecting plate metal patch 8, the included angle between adjacent reflecting plates is 120 DEG, coaxial feed line 9 is located at the positive center of the antenna, and is connected with center circular metal patch 1 and substrate metal patch 10 on the lower bottom surface of medium substrate. Six short-circuit through holes 4 uniformly surround the center of circular metal patch 1, the center of short-circuit through hole 4 is 14mm away from the center of circular metal patch 1, each short-circuit through hole is a hollow metal column with a radius of 0.8mm and a height of 2mm, and each short-circuit through hole 4 penetrates medium substrate 2 and substrate metal patch 10 on the top surface and the bottom surface of the substrate. Circular metal patch 1 has a radius of 16mm, and is divided into a circular patch with a radius of 8mm and an annular patch with a width of 7.4mm by annular gap 3 with a width of 0.6mm. The three reflecting plates can be folded vertically by 90 DEG, and the three reflecting plates are all cuboids with a width of 20mm, a length of 62mm and a height of 2mm. The reflecting plate metal patch 8 on the back of the three reflecting plates is all an isosceles trapezoid with an upper side length of 46mm, a lower side length of 54mm and a height of 18mm. Medium substrate 2 and three reflecting plates 5 / 6 / 7 are F4B with a dielectric constant of 2.2, and reflecting plate metal patch 8 and substrate metal patch 10 are both copper Cu. Medium substrate 2 is a right triangular prism with a side length of 62mm and a thickness of 2mm.
[0040] The utility model discloses a reconfigurable antenna, which comprises a center circular metal patch 1 printed on the top surface of a medium substrate 2, the center circular metal patch 1 has an annular gap 3, the medium substrate 2 has six cylindrical short-circuit through holes 4, the lower bottom surface of the medium substrate 2 is covered with a substrate metal patch 10, the medium substrate 2 is connected with three reflecting plates, including a first reflecting plate 5, a second reflecting plate 6 and a third reflecting plate 7, the back of the three reflecting plates is covered with a reflecting plate metal patch 8, the included angle between adjacent reflecting plates is 120 DEG, a coaxial feed line 9 is located at the positive center of the antenna, and is connected with the center circular metal patch 1 and the substrate metal patch 10 on the lower bottom surface of the medium substrate.
[0041] State 1: as shown in the figure, three reflecting plates are unfolded, and the center circular metal patch 1 is in the same horizontal plane, at this time, the antenna is an omnidirectional antenna, the working frequency band of the antenna is 5.19-5.29GHz, and the peak gain is 4.77dB. Figure 1
[0042] State 2: as shown in the figure, one of the three reflecting plates is folded vertically by 90 DEG, at this time, the antenna is a single-beam directional antenna, the working frequency band is 5.19-5.30GHz, and the three reflecting plates 5 / 6 / 7 are sequentially folded vertically by 90 DEG, so that the main radiation direction changes sequentially and is respectively 0 DEG, 120 DEG and-120 DEG, at this time, the peak gain is 7.95dB. Figure 3
[0043] State 3: as shown in the figure, two of the three reflecting plates are folded vertically by 90 DEG, at this time, the antenna is a double-beam directional antenna, the working frequency band is 5.19-5.30GHz, and the three reflecting plates 5 / 6 / 7 are sequentially folded vertically by 90 DEG, so that the main radiation direction changes sequentially and is respectively 0 DEG, 120 DEG and-120 DEG, at this time, the peak gain is 7.95dB. Figure 4 As shown, two of the three reflecting plates are folded vertically by 90°, at which time the antenna is a dual-beam directional antenna, the operating frequency band is 5.23-5.34 GHz, the reconfigurable main radiation direction interval is 120°, and the two peak gains of the dual beams are spaced apart by 80°, both being 5.20 dB.
[0044] Figures 5-9 The radiation patterns of the antenna in state 1, state 2 and state 3 are respectively shown.
[0045] Figures 10-12 The |S 11 Simulation curves are shown. The impedance bandwidths of the three operating states are all in the 5.20
[0046] -5.30 GHz band.
[0047] The utility model discloses a reflecting plate vertical overturning realizes omnidirectional and directional antenna switching, and when making directional antenna can 360 degree range beam steering, in addition can beam shape reconfiguration, realizes omnidirectional light beam, single beam, double light beam reconfiguration. Antenna covers the medium frequency 5GHz band, has extensive application prospect in the existing wireless communication system. The utility model discloses simple structure, thin, small, light in weight, radiating performance is good, multi -functional, application flexible.
[0048] The above only is the preferred implementation of the utility model, should point out: for the ordinary skill in the art of the present technology, on the premise of not departing from the principle of the utility model, can also make a number of improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements also should be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A direction pattern and beam reconfigurable foldable antenna, characterized in that, It comprises: a dielectric substrate (2) with a substrate metal patch (10) on the bottom surface and a center circular metal patch (1) printed on the top surface, the center circular metal patch (1) having an annular gap (3); a coaxial feeder (9) connecting the substrate metal patch (10) and the center of the center circular metal patch (1); a reflector plate including a first reflector plate (5), a second reflector plate (6) and a third reflector plate (7) connected to the outer side of the dielectric substrate (2), the back of each reflector plate is attached to a reflector metal patch (8), the adjacent reflector plates are at an angle of 120°, and each reflector plate can be folded vertically.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein, Six cylindrical short-circuit holes (4) are formed on the dielectric substrate (2) and evenly surround the center of the center circular metal patch (1).
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, Each short-circuit hole (4) penetrates the dielectric substrate (2), the center circular metal patch (1) on the top surface and the substrate metal patch (10) on the bottom surface.
4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein, The center of each short-circuit hole (4) is 14mm away from the center of the circular metal patch (1).
5. The antenna of claim 4, wherein, Each short-circuit hole (4) is a hollow metal column with a radius of 0.8mm and a height of 2mm.
6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein, The dielectric substrate (2) is a right triangular prism with a side length of 62mm and a thickness of 2mm.
7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein, The center circular metal patch (1) has a radius of 16mm, and the center circular metal patch (1) is divided into a circular patch with a radius of 8mm and a circular arc with a width of 7.4mm by an annular gap (3) with a width of 0.6mm.
8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein, Each reflector plate is a cuboid with a width of 20mm, a length of 62mm and a thickness of 2mm.
9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein, Each reflector metal patch (8) is an isosceles trapezoid with an upper side length of 46mm, a lower side length of 54mm and a height of 18mm.
10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein, The dielectric substrate (2) and the reflector plate are F4B with a dielectric constant of 2.2, and the substrate metal patch (10) is copper.