Boiler flue gas filtering device
The boiler flue gas filtration device with multi-stage dust removal and waste heat recovery solves the problems of incomplete dust removal and energy waste in traditional devices, achieving efficient dust removal and deep purification, and improving energy utilization.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Traditional boiler flue gas filtration devices often fail to remove dust completely, leading to easy clogging of the filter components and an inability to effectively recover heat energy from the flue gas, resulting in energy waste.
The boiler flue gas filtration device adopts multi-stage dust removal and waste heat recovery, including a heat exchange dust removal box and a water washing dust removal box. It utilizes corrugated heat exchange plates and water washing dust removal, combined with transition metal catalysts, activated carbon fibers and molecular sieve purification layers, to achieve efficient dust removal and purification of harmful gases.
It significantly improves energy efficiency, reduces filter component clogging, achieves efficient dust removal and deep purification, and ensures that flue gas meets environmental emission standards.
Smart Images
Figure CN224040419U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment devices, specifically a boiler flue gas filtration device. Background Technology
[0002] In industrial production, boilers, as common pieces of equipment, generate large amounts of flue gas during operation. This flue gas is not only high in temperature and carries a significant amount of heat energy, but also contains various dust particles and harmful gases. If emitted directly without effective treatment, it will result in energy waste and environmental pollution. Traditional boiler flue gas filtration devices primarily focus on filtering harmful gases and dust. However, during the treatment process, they often lack effective means to recover and utilize the large amount of heat energy carried by the flue gas, causing this usable energy to be wasted and reducing the overall energy utilization rate.
[0003] In dust removal, traditional devices are limited by their design and technology, making it difficult to efficiently remove smoke and dust particles of various sizes. Large amounts of smoke and dust, especially fine particles, penetrate the initial dust removal stages and easily accumulate at subsequent harmful gas filtration components, causing blockages. This not only significantly reduces the lifespan of the filtration components but also severely affects the adsorption and purification efficiency of harmful gases. Utility Model Content
[0004] (I) Technical Issues
[0005] This utility model aims to provide a boiler flue gas filtration device that integrates high-efficiency waste heat recovery, multi-stage dust removal and harmful gas purification functions, solving the problems of energy waste and incomplete dust removal leading to easy clogging of filter components in traditional equipment.
[0006] (II) Technical Content
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a boiler flue gas filtration device, including a base and a heat exchange dust removal box and a water washing dust removal box fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the base in sequence. The heat exchange dust removal box has an air inlet at one end. A heat exchange shell communicating with the air inlet is fixedly disposed inside the heat exchange dust removal box. A plurality of heat exchange plates arranged at equal intervals are fixedly disposed inside the heat exchange shell. The heat exchange plates are hollow inside and are connected in sequence through an inlet pipe and a return pipe. The heat exchange plates are corrugated to block and separate flue gas particles. The bottom opening of the heat exchange shell allows dust particles to slide off. The air outlet of the heat exchange shell is connected to the inner cavity of the water washing dust removal box through a pipe. A harmful gas filtration component is connected to the exhaust port at the upper end of the water washing dust removal box.
[0008] Furthermore, the harmful gas filtration assembly includes a housing, inside which a transition metal catalyst layer, an activated carbon fiber adsorption layer, and a molecular sieve purification layer are fixedly disposed sequentially from bottom to top.
[0009] Further, the transition metal catalyst layer uses honeycomb cordierite ceramic as a carrier, and platinum, palladium, rhodium transition metal catalysts are loaded on the carrier.
[0010] Further, the activated carbon fiber adsorption layer uses phenolic-based activated carbon fiber.
[0011] Further, the molecular sieve purification layer selects ZSM-5 molecular sieve.
[0012] Further, the heat exchange dust removal tank is funnel-shaped at the bottom and is provided with a residue discharge port at the center.
[0013] (Three) technical effects
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:
[0015] 1. Efficient heat exchange: the heat exchange shell and the plurality of corrugated heat exchange plates arranged in the heat exchange dust removal tank greatly increase the heat exchange area. When the flue gas passes through the corrugated heat exchange plates, the airflow forms a turbulent flow, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect. The hollow heat exchange plates are connected in sequence by the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe, and cold water or other heat exchange medium can be introduced to fully absorb the heat in the flue gas. According to actual tests, the flue gas temperature can be reduced to a range suitable for subsequent processing, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium is significantly increased. The heat can be used for preheating boiler feed water, heating the workshop, etc., thereby effectively improving the energy utilization rate and reducing the demand for external energy.
[0016] 2. Multiple dust removal: the corrugated heat exchange plates in the heat exchange shell connected to the gas inlet realize heat exchange while blocking and separating the dust particles. The flue gas flows in the tortuous channel, and the dust particles are intercepted due to the inertia impact on the surface of the heat exchange plates. At the same time, the bottom of the heat exchange dust removal tank is funnel-shaped and is provided with a residue discharge port at the center, which facilitates the collection of the settled dust particles, and the preliminary dust removal effect is remarkable. The gas outlet of the heat exchange shell is connected to the inner cavity of the water washing dust removal tank through a pipeline, and the water washing dust removal tank further washes the flue gas to further reduce the dust content in the flue gas. After two-stage dust removal, the amount of dust entering the harmful gas filtration assembly is effectively reduced, which provides a good precondition for subsequent harmful gas purification and reduces the possibility of blockage.
[0017] 3. Deeply purify harmful gas: the transition metal catalyst layer in the harmful gas filtering assembly, which is supported by platinum, palladium, rhodium and other transition metal catalysts on the honeycomb cordierite ceramic, can convert harmful gas such as nitrogen oxide in flue gas into harmless substances through catalytic reaction at a suitable temperature. The activated carbon fiber adsorption layer adopts phenolic-based activated carbon fiber, which has strong adsorption capacity for volatile organic compounds, mercury and other harmful gases due to its high specific surface area and rich pore structure. The molecular sieve purification layer selects ZSM-5 molecular sieve, which can selectively adsorb and catalytically convert harmful small molecules according to their size and shape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the boiler flue gas filtering device of the utility model Figure One .
[0019] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the boiler flue gas filtering device of the utility model Figure Two .
[0020] Figure 3 is a front view structure diagram of the boiler flue gas filtering device of the utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 is a left view structure diagram of the boiler flue gas filtering device of the utility model.
[0022] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the boiler flue gas filtering device of the utility model Figure One .
[0023] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the boiler flue gas filtering device of the utility model Figure Two .
[0024] As shown in the figure: 1, base; 2, heat exchange dust removal tank; 3, water washing dust removal tank; 4, heat exchange shell; 5, heat exchange plate; 6, liquid inlet pipe; 7, liquid return pipe; 8, gas inlet; 9, pipeline; 10, harmful gas filtering assembly; 11, shell; 12, transition metal catalyst layer; 13, activated carbon fiber adsorption layer; 14, molecular sieve purification layer; 15, slag discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "center" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation structure and operation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.
[0026] In the description of the utility model, still need explaining, unless another explicit provision and limitation, term " be equipped with ", " install ", " link ", " connection " and so on should do broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or integral type connection, can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection, can be direct connection, also can be indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be two element inside intercommunication. For ordinary skilled person in the art, can understand the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the utility model according to specific circumstances.
[0027] The utility model makes further detailed description in combination with drawings.
[0028] In combination with the drawings Figure 1 To the drawings Figure 6 A boiler flue gas filtering device, including base 1 and heat exchange dust removal box 2 and water washing dust removal box 3 that are sequentially fixed on the end surface of base 1, the bottom of heat exchange dust removal box 2 is funnel-shaped and is provided with a center slag discharge port 15, and one end of heat exchange dust removal box 2 is provided with an air inlet 8, a heat exchange shell 4 in communication with the air inlet 8 is fixedly arranged in heat exchange dust removal box 2, a plurality of heat exchange plates 5 are fixedly arranged in the heat exchange shell 4 at equal intervals, the plurality of heat exchange plates 5 are hollow and are sequentially communicated through a liquid inlet pipe 6 and a liquid return pipe 7, the heat exchange plates 5 are corrugated to block and separate dust particles, the bottom of the heat exchange shell 4 is open to allow dust particles to slide off, and the air outlet of the heat exchange shell 4 is communicated with the inner cavity of the water washing dust removal box 3 through a pipeline 9, and a harmful gas filtering assembly 10 is arranged in communication with the exhaust port at the upper end of the water washing dust removal box 3.
[0029] In the embodiment, as a preferred technical solution, the harmful gas filtering assembly 10 includes a shell 11, and a transition metal catalyst layer 12, an activated carbon fiber adsorption layer 13 and a molecular sieve purification layer 14 are sequentially and fixedly arranged in the shell 11 from bottom to top. The transition metal catalyst layer 12 adopts a honeycomb cordierite ceramic as a carrier, and platinum, palladium and rhodium transition metal catalysts are loaded on the carrier. The activated carbon fiber adsorption layer 13 adopts a phenolic-based activated carbon fiber. The molecular sieve purification layer 14 selects ZSM-5 molecular sieve.
[0030] The working principle of the boiler flue gas filtering device is as follows: the device is based on multiple physical and chemical principles to process boiler flue gas. In the heat exchange dust removal box 2, the heat exchange principle is used to recover the waste heat of flue gas, and the heat exchange plates 5 are used to separate dust particles through blocking and inertial action. The water washing dust removal box 3 relies on the contact between water and flue gas, and further removes dust by using dissolution and scouring action. The harmful gas filtering assembly 10 purifies harmful gas by using catalytic reaction, adsorption and selective adsorption principles respectively.
[0031] The working process of the boiler flue gas filtering device is as follows:
[0032] 1. Flue gas introduction and waste heat recovery: The high-temperature flue gas generated by the boiler enters the heat exchange and dust removal box 2 from the air inlet 8 and directly enters the heat exchange shell 4 connected with the air inlet 8. The several heat exchange plates 5 inside the heat exchange shell 4 are hollow inside and connected in turn through the liquid inlet pipe 6 and the liquid return pipe 7, so that cooling medium (such as cold water) can be introduced. When the high-temperature flue gas flows through the corrugated heat exchange plates 5, heat is transferred from the heat exchange plates 5 to the cooling medium inside, achieving heat exchange. According to the principle of heat conduction, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas gradually decreases, and the temperature of the cooling medium increases, thereby completing the recovery of the waste heat of the flue gas. During this process, the cooling medium flows into the heat exchange plates 5 through the liquid inlet pipe 6, and flows out through the liquid return pipe 7 after absorbing heat, which can be used for other heating links to improve energy utilization.
[0033] 2. Preliminary dust removal: Since the heat exchange plates 5 are corrugated, when the flue gas flows in the tortuous channel, the dust particles in it will hit the surface of the heat exchange plates 5 due to inertial effect. According to the principle of inertia, the dust particles with larger mass cannot follow the tortuous flow path of the flue gas, and are thus blocked and separated out. The separated dust particles slide downward to the bottom of the heat exchange shell 4 under the action of gravity. Since the bottom of the heat exchange and dust removal box 2 is funnel-shaped and has a center discharge port 15, the dust particles can be discharged through the discharge port 15, completing the preliminary dust removal process.
[0034] 3. Water washing dust removal: After preliminary dust removal and waste heat recovery, the flue gas has a reduced temperature and some of the dust has been removed, and enters the water washing dust removal box 3 through the pipe 9 from the air outlet of the heat exchange shell 4. The pipe is immersed below the liquid level at the outlet of the water washing dust removal box. In the water washing dust removal box 3, the flue gas is in full contact with water. The water has a dissolving and scouring effect on the remaining dust particles in the flue gas, thereby further reducing the dust content in the flue gas.
[0035] 4. Harmful gas purification: After water washing and dust removal, the flue gas enters the harmful gas filter assembly 10 from the upper exhaust port of the water washing and dust removal tank 3. First, the flue gas enters the transition metal catalyst layer 12 in the shell 11. The transition metal catalyst such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc. supported by honeycomb cordierite ceramic as carrier can catalyze the chemical reaction of harmful gas in the flue gas. For example, nitrogen oxides react with other reducing gases under the action of the catalyst to form harmless nitrogen and water. Then, the flue gas enters the activated carbon fiber adsorption layer 13. The layer using phenolic-based activated carbon fiber has a rich microporous structure and a large specific surface area, and has strong adsorption capacity for harmful gases such as volatile organic compounds and mercury. According to the adsorption principle, harmful gas molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon fiber, thereby removing them from the flue gas. Finally, the flue gas passes through the molecular sieve purification layer 14. The layer using ZSM-5 molecular sieve selectively adsorbs and catalytically converts harmful small molecules according to their size and shape. Some harmful small molecules that have not been completely removed, such as carbon monoxide and formaldehyde, are further adsorbed or converted into harmless substances under the action of the molecular sieve. The purified flue gas is finally discharged from the device, meeting the environmental protection emission standard.
[0036] The above describes the present application and its embodiments, which are not restrictive. The embodiments shown in the drawings are only one of the embodiments of the present application, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by the above description, without departing from the spirit of the present application, similar structural modes and embodiments can be designed without creative design, which should belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A boiler flue gas filtration device, comprising a base (1) and a heat exchange dust removal box (2) and a water washing dust removal box (3) sequentially fixed on the upper surface of the base (1), wherein one end of the heat exchange dust removal box (2) is provided with an air inlet (8), characterized in that: The heat exchange dust removal box (2) is fixedly provided with a heat exchange shell (4) that communicates with the air inlet (8). The heat exchange shell (4) is fixedly provided with several heat exchange plates (5) arranged at equal intervals. The heat exchange plates (5) are hollow inside and are connected in sequence through the liquid inlet pipe (6) and the liquid return pipe (7). The heat exchange plates (5) are corrugated to block and separate the dust particles. The bottom of the heat exchange shell (4) is open for the dust particles to slide down. The air outlet of the heat exchange shell (4) is connected to the inner cavity of the water washing dust removal box (3) through the pipe (9). The exhaust port at the upper end of the water washing dust removal box (3) is connected to a harmful gas filter assembly (10).
2. The boiler flue gas filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The harmful gas filtration assembly (10) includes a housing (11), and inside the housing (11) a transition metal catalyst layer (12), an activated carbon fiber adsorption layer (13), and a molecular sieve purification layer (14) are fixedly arranged from bottom to top.
3. The boiler flue gas filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transition metal catalyst layer (12) uses honeycomb cordierite ceramic as a support, and platinum, palladium and rhodium transition metal catalysts are loaded on the support.
4. A boiler flue gas filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The activated carbon fiber adsorption layer (13) is made of phenolic activated carbon fiber.
5. A boiler flue gas filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molecular sieve purification layer (14) is made of ZSM-5 molecular sieve.
6. A boiler flue gas filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the heat exchange dust removal box (2) is funnel-shaped and has a slag discharge port (15) in the center.