Drying layer of grain dryer

Abstract

The drying layer of the grain drying machine comprises a drying shell and an air return fan, a drying cavity, an air inlet cavity, an air outlet cavity and an air return cavity are formed in the drying shell, a plurality of net pipe type air pipes are vertically arranged in the drying cavity at intervals, and grains enter the net pipe type air pipes from the top of the drying cavity and flow out from the bottom of the drying cavity. A communicated air return opening is formed between the air inlet cavity and the air return cavity, the air return fan is installed at the air return opening, a first air inlet is formed between the air return cavity and the drying cavity, the first air inlet is communicated with the upper end of the net pipe type air pipe, and hot air enters from the air inlet cavity and is blown into the drying cavity through the air return fan. Communicated air outlets are formed between the drying cavity and the air inlet cavity and between the drying cavity and the air outlet cavity, the lower end of the net pipe type air pipe is communicated with the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity through the air outlets, part of hot air is blown out of the air outlet cavity, and the other part of hot air is attracted by the air return fan to form hot air backflow. The improved drying layer has the effects of hot air backflow and reduction of impact on grains.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of grain drying equipment, and particularly relates to a drying layer of a grain dryer. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current grain dryer generally adopts a transverse angular box array type drying layer structure, and the grain is circulated from top to bottom through the drying layer by cooperating with equipment to realize drying of the grain, the structure has structural design limitations and defects of unitized module structure. The structural design limitations result in insufficient hot air circulation efficiency, the transverse angular boxes are arranged in a horizontal matrix in the drying layer, and a grain flow channel is formed between adjacent angular boxes. The hot air penetrates the grain layer in one direction through the angular box surface vent hole / slit, which can realize basic drying function, but is limited by the horizontal layout, cannot form a hot air return path in the drying layer, results in low waste heat utilization rate and increased energy consumption, and mechanical impact causes deterioration of grain quality, the falling grain flow directly collides with the surface of the transverse angular box, especially under high-speed drying working conditions, the mechanical impact force easily causes the surface of the grain particles (such as rice and corn) to be damaged or the internal cracks to be cracked, significantly increases the broken waist rate, and directly affects the commodity value and storage stability. The unitized module structure results in a contradiction between bearing capacity and durability, the transverse angular boxes are arranged in a modular matrix, a single unit integrates multiple angular boxes and forms the drying layer by splicing. In continuous operation, the unit structure needs to bear the vertical load of tons of grain and the hot air pressure, is prone to local deformation or even fracture due to stress concentration, has high requirements for material strength and welding process, significantly increases the equipment manufacturing cost, and the unitized module structure also results in high maintenance cost, the modular design results in poor fault tolerance in maintenance: a single angular box fault needs to disassemble the entire matrix unit, the maintenance operation involves large-scale shutdown and structure reorganization, and seriously affects the production continuity. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims at solving the above technical problem, and provides a drying layer of a grain dryer, the improved drying layer of the application has the effects of hot air return and reduction of grain impact.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model has:

[0005] The drying layer of the grain dryer comprises a drying shell and a return air fan, the drying shell is internally provided with a drying cavity, an air inlet cavity, an air outlet cavity and a return air cavity, a plurality of net tube type air pipes are arranged in the drying cavity in vertical intervals, grains enter the net tube type air pipes from the top of the drying cavity and flow out from the bottom of the drying cavity, a return air port is arranged between the air inlet cavity and the return air cavity and is in communication with the air inlet cavity and the return air cavity, the return air fan is installed at the return air port, a first air inlet port is arranged between the return air cavity and the drying cavity, the upper ends of some of the net tube type air pipes are in communication with the first air inlet port, so that hot air enters the drying cavity from the air inlet cavity and is blown into the drying cavity by the return air fan, air outlets are arranged between the drying cavity and the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity and are in communication with the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity, the lower ends of the other net tube type air pipes are in communication with the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity through the air outlets, so that part of the hot air is blown out of the air outlet cavity and the other part of the hot air is attracted by the return air fan to form a hot air return flow.

[0006] The drying layer of the grain dryer according to the application omits the horizontal angular box and provides another new drying air duct structure, grains can directly fall down and do not collide with the vertically arranged net tube type air pipes, the number of collisions between the grains and hard objects is reduced, the grains are prevented from being damaged under the action of external force during the drying process, the rate of grain breakage is reduced, and since there is no horizontal angular box, the load bearing and durability problems caused by the horizontal angular box are also avoided; hot air is blown into the drying cavity from the air inlet cavity, is blown into the net tube type air pipes from the upper ends of the net tube type air pipes under the traction of the return air fan, is blown into the grains through the mesh holes on the net tube type air pipes to dry the grains, and then the hot air with water vapor is blown out of the air outlets, part of the hot air is blown out of the air outlet cavity, and the other part of the hot air is attracted by the return air fan to form a hot air return flow to circularly dry the grains in the drying layer, so that the new drying air duct structure has the advantages of saving heat, improving the drying rate, ensuring the quality of grains and the like.

[0007] Further, the net tube type air pipes comprise net tube type air inlet pipes and net tube type air outlet pipes, the upper ends of the net tube type air inlet pipes are in communication with the first air inlet port, and the lower ends of the net tube type air outlet pipes are in communication with the air outlets. Hot air enters the net tube type air inlet pipes from the upper ends of the net tube type air inlet pipes, diffuses into the grains between the net tube type air pipes through the mesh holes of the pipe walls of the net tube type air inlet pipes, dries the grains, and then the moist hot air enters the net tube type air outlet pipes through the mesh holes of the pipe walls of the net tube type air outlet pipes and is discharged out of the drying cavity through the air outlets.

[0008] Further, the drying housing comprises a drying frame, an air inlet frame, an air outlet frame and an air return frame, the drying cavity, the air inlet cavity, the air outlet cavity and the air return cavity are correspondingly arranged in the drying frame, the air inlet frame, the air outlet frame and the air return frame, the drying frame has a first side and a second side arranged oppositely, the air inlet frame and the air return frame are arranged on the first side, and the air return frame is arranged on the upper part of the air inlet frame, the first air inlet is arranged on the first side, the air outlet frame is arranged on the second side, and the air outlet is arranged on the first side and the second side.

[0009] Further, the upper mounting seat and the lower mounting seat are fixed on the first side and the second side, the net pipe type air pipe comprises a net pipe type air inlet pipe and a net pipe type air outlet pipe, the upper end of the net pipe type air inlet pipe is fixed on the upper mounting seat, the lower mounting seat is provided with a plug-in column, and the lower end of the net pipe type air outlet pipe is plug-in mounted in the plug-in column.

[0010] Further, the top of the plug-in column is provided with a conical baffle. The conical baffle can avoid the accumulation of grains on the top of the plug-in column.

[0011] Further, the first side and the second side are provided with a first mesh plate, the first mesh plate communicates the drying cavity with the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity, the air inlet cavity has a second air inlet, the air inlet cavity is provided with a flow guide plate, the second air inlet is opposite to the flow guide plate, and the hot air entering the second air inlet is guided to the air return fan. The humid hot air after drying the grains can also enter the air inlet cavity or the air outlet cavity through the mesh holes of the first mesh plate, thereby improving the ventilation effect of the drying cavity.

[0012] Further, the drying frame further has a third side and a fourth side arranged oppositely, the third side and the fourth side are provided with a drying mesh frame, the drying mesh frame communicates with the first side and the second side, and the outer side of the drying mesh frame is provided with an observation cover. The drying mesh frame can increase the ventilation effect of the drying layer, and the observation cover can facilitate the observation of the state of the grains in the drying layer.

[0013] Further, the wind pipe connecting piece connects adjacent net pipe type air pipes. The wind pipe connecting piece can make the structure of the net pipe type air pipe more stable.

[0014] Further, the air outlet cavity is provided with an air outlet fan, the power of the air outlet fan is the same as that of the air return fan, and the quantity ratio of the air outlet fan to the air return fan is 2:3.

[0015] Further, the top of the drying cavity is provided with a conical top, and the conical top is arranged above the net pipe type air pipe. The conical top can make the grains enter the net pipe type air pipe smoothly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is the perspective view of the drying layer of the grain drying machine.

[0017] Figure 2 It is the explosion view of the drying layer of the grain drying machine.

[0018] Figure 3 It is the explosion view of the drying cavity.

[0019] Figure 4 It is the sectional view of the drying layer of the grain drying machine.

[0020] Figure 5 It is the structural schematic view of the air pipe connecting piece.

[0021] Figure 6 It is the air path schematic view of the drying layer of the grain drying machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The drying layer of the grain drying machine is described in connection with the drawings.

[0023] As shown in Figures 1 to 6 The drying layer of the grain drying machine, other equipment of the grain drying machine will help the grain to circulate through the drying layer in the grain drying machine, thereby circularly drying the grain, so that the grain can be uniformly dried, and the situation of broken rice due to long-time heating of the grain is avoided. The drying layer comprises a drying shell 1 and a return air fan 2. The drying shell 1 is internally provided with a drying cavity, an air inlet cavity, an air outlet cavity and a return air cavity. A plurality of net tube type air pipes 4 are vertically and spacedly arranged in the drying cavity. The grain enters between the net tube type air pipes 4 from the top of the drying cavity and flows out from the bottom of the drying cavity. The grain can directly fall down and will not collide with the vertically arranged net tube type air pipes 4, so that the collision times of the grain with hard objects are reduced, and the breakage of the grain under the action of external force in the drying process is avoided, thereby reducing the broken waist rate of the grain. The return air cavity and the air inlet cavity are provided with a return air opening 122 in communication. The return air fan 2 is installed at the return air opening 122. The return air cavity and the drying cavity are provided with a first air inlet opening 116. The upper ends of some of the net tube type air pipes 4 are in communication with the first air inlet opening 116, so that the hot air enters the air inlet cavity and is blown into the drying cavity by the return air fan 2. The drying cavity, the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity are all provided with air outlet openings (1112, 1122) in communication. The lower ends of the other net tube type air pipes 4 are in communication with the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity through the air outlet openings (1112, 1122), so that part of the hot air is blown out of the air outlet cavity, and the other part of the hot air is attracted by the return air fan 2 to form a hot air return flow. The grain drying machine generates heat through a hot blast furnace, and the hot blast furnace and the air inlet cavity are communicated through a draft fan. Figure 6As shown, the hot air is blown into the drying chamber by the air inlet cavity, and then is blown into the upper end of the net tube type air duct 4 under the traction of the air return fan 2, and is blown into the grain through the mesh holes on the tube wall of the net tube type air duct 4 to dry the grain, and then the moist hot air is blown out of the air outlets (1112, 1122), part of the hot air is blown out of the air outlet cavity, and the other part of the hot air is directly formed into a hot air return flow in the drying layer under the traction of the air return fan 2 to perform a circulating drying on the grain in the drying cavity.

[0024] The net tube type air duct 4 includes a net tube type air inlet duct 41 and a net tube type air outlet duct 42, the upper end of the net tube type air inlet duct 41 is communicated with the first air inlet 116, and the lower end of the net tube type air outlet duct 42 is communicated with the air outlets (1112, 1122), the hot air enters the upper end of the net tube type air inlet duct 41, diffuses into the grain between the net tube type air ducts 4 through the mesh holes on the tube wall of the net tube type air inlet duct 41 to dry the grain, and the moist hot air after drying enters the net tube type air outlet duct 42 through the mesh holes on the tube wall of the net tube type air outlet duct 42 and is discharged from the air outlets (1112, 1122) of the drying cavity, as shown in Figures 2 to 4 In the embodiment shown, the net tube type air inlet duct 41 is provided with three rows, and the net tube type air outlet duct 42 is provided with two rows, and the two rows of net tube type air outlet ducts 42 are arranged at intervals between the three rows of net tube type air inlet ducts 41.

[0025] As shown in Figure 5 The air duct connecting piece 8 is further included, the air duct connecting piece 8 connects adjacent net tube type air ducts 4, and the net tube type air ducts 4 are connected one by one through the air duct connecting piece 8 to form a whole structure, so that the structure of the net tube type air duct 4 is more stable, the air duct connecting piece 8 includes two semicircular sleeves and a connecting rod, the two semicircular sleeves are connected by bolts to be sleeved on the net tube type air duct 4, and then the bolts are connected with the connecting rod, so that the semicircular sleeves on the adjacent net tube type air ducts 4 are connected to form a whole structure, thereby making the structure of the net tube type air duct 4 more stable.

[0026] As shown in Figures 1 to 4 The drying shell 1 includes a drying frame body 11, an air inlet frame body 12, an air outlet frame body 13, and an air return frame body 14, the drying cavity, the air inlet cavity, the air outlet cavity, and the air return cavity are correspondingly arranged in the drying frame body 11, the air inlet frame body 12, the air outlet frame body 13, and the air return frame body 14, the drying frame body 11 has a first side surface 111 and a second side surface 112 arranged oppositely, the air inlet frame body 12 and the air return frame body 14 are arranged on the first side surface 111, and the air return frame body 14 is arranged on the upper part of the air inlet frame body 12, the first air inlet 116 is arranged on the first side surface 111, the air outlet frame body 13 is arranged on the second side surface 112, and the air outlets (1112, 1122) are arranged on the first side surface 111 and the second side surface 112.

[0027] As shown in Figures 2 to 4As shown, the upper mounting seat 5 and the lower mounting seat 6 are bolted on the first side surface 111 and the second side surface 112 at both ends, the upper end of the net tube type air inlet pipe 41 is bolted on the upper mounting seat 5, the lower mounting seat 6 is provided with a plug-in column 61, the lower end of the net tube type air outlet pipe 42 is plug-in installed in the plug-in column 61, a passage connecting the air outlet opening (1112, 1122) and the lower end of the net tube type air outlet pipe 42 is formed in the lower mounting seat 6, the top of the plug-in column 61 is provided with a conical baffle 62, the conical baffle 62 is sleeved on the net tube type air outlet pipe 42, the top of the plug-in column 61 is provided with a mounting flange, the conical baffle 62 is received by the mounting flange, and the conical baffle 62 can also be fixed by the mounting flange and the screw thread, and the conical baffle 62 can avoid the accumulation of grain at the top of the plug-in column 61.

[0028] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 The first side surface 111 and the second side surface 112 are provided with a first mesh plate (1111, 1121), the mesh holes of the first mesh plate (1111, 1121) connect the drying cavity with the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity, the air inlet cavity is provided with a guide plate 123, the second air inlet 121 is opposite to the guide plate 123, the hot air entering the second air inlet 121 is guided to the return air fan 2, the hot air humidified after drying the grain can also enter the air inlet cavity or the air outlet cavity through the mesh holes of the first mesh plate (1111, 1121), the ventilation effect of the drying cavity is improved, the air guide fan of the hot air stove is opposite to the second air inlet 121, so that the hot air is blown into the air inlet cavity, the guide plate 123 is arranged to guide the hot air blown into the air inlet cavity towards the return air fan 2, and the air outlet opening (1112, 1122) connecting the air inlet cavity is also towards the guide plate 123, the return hot air is guided towards the return air fan 2 by the guide plate 123, so that the hot air return is formed in the drying layer.

[0029] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 And Figure 3 The drying frame body 11 is a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, and the drying frame body 11 further has a third side surface 113 and a fourth side surface 114 arranged opposite to each other, the third side surface 113 and the fourth side surface 114 are provided with a drying mesh rack 7, the drying mesh rack 7 is connected with the first side surface 111 and the second side surface 112, the outer side of the drying mesh rack 7 is provided with an observation cover 71, the observation cover 71 is a detachable or transparent cover, so that the state of the grain in the drying layer can be observed conveniently, the drying mesh rack 7 further includes a second mesh plate 73 and a rack body 72, the second mesh plate 73 can ventilate and does not affect the observation of the state of the grain by the observation cover 71, and the rack body 72 provides support for the second mesh plate 73 and forms a ventilated space.

[0030] A plurality of pull rod connecting reinforcements are arranged between the first side surface 111 and the second side surface 112, so that the structures of the first side surface 111 and the second side surface 112 are more stable.

[0031] As shown in Figure 2 The air outlet cavity is provided with an air outlet fan 3, the power of the air outlet fan 3 is the same as that of the air return fan 2, and the quantity ratio is air outlet fan 3:air return fan 2=2:3, so that the air power generated by the air return fan 2 is greater than the air outlet power of the air outlet cavity. According to the drawings, it can be determined that three air return fans 2 and two air outlet fans 3 are arranged in the embodiment shown in the drawings.

[0032] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 The top of the drying cavity is provided with a conical top 115, which is arranged above the net tube type air duct 4. The conical top 115 is used to make the grain smoothly enter the net tube type air duct 4. The conical top 115 includes two sizes, three larger conical tops 115 are arranged above the upper mounting seat 5 of the three rows of net tube type air inlet ducts 41, and form a channel communicating the first air inlet 116 and the upper end of the net tube type air inlet duct 41. Two smaller conical tops 115 are arranged above the two rows of net tube type air outlet ducts 42, and the top of the lower mounting seat 6 is also provided with a conical surface to avoid the accumulation of grain on the lower mounting seat 6.

[0033] The mesh holes of the present application are all mesh holes with a size smaller than that of the grain, so that they can be used for ventilation and can also prevent the grain from leaking out of the mesh holes.

[0034] The drying structure of the present application is also tested to verify the effect of the drying structure of the present application on improving the drying efficiency and reducing the energy consumption.

[0035] First group of experiments:

[0036] 1. Test grouping

[0037] Control group: grain dryer adopting a traditional transverse angular box drying layer

[0038] Experimental group: grain dryer adopting the drying layer of the present application

[0039] 2. Experimental conditions

[0040] Grain type: rice (initial moisture content 25%)

[0041] Weight: 30 tons

[0042] Target moisture content: 13.5%

[0043] Drying temperature: 65℃

[0044] Air volume: 14000m3 / h (both groups consistent)

[0045] 3. Data collection

[0046] Record the time required to reach the target moisture content;

[0047] Measure the energy consumption of the hot air furnace.

[0048] Experimental results:

[0049] Group Drying time (hours) Consumed heat (kcal / kg) Control group 13.2 4435200 Experimental group 9.8 3292800

[0050] Analysis conclusion:

[0051] The drying efficiency of the experimental group increased by 25.76%, and the energy consumption decreased by 25.76%, indicating that the structural design of the present application significantly optimizes the heat energy utilization rate.

[0052] Second group of experiments:

[0053] 1. Test grouping

[0054] Control group: Use the traditional horizontal angular box drying layer of the grain dryer

[0055] Experimental group: Use the grain dryer with the drying layer of the present application

[0056] 2. Experimental conditions

[0057] Grain type: rice (initial moisture content 27%)

[0058] Weight: 28 tons

[0059] Target moisture content: 14%

[0060] Drying temperature: 65℃

[0061] Air volume: 14000m 3 / h (both groups consistent)

[0062] 3. Data collection

[0063] Record the time required to reach the target moisture content;

[0064] Measure the energy consumption of the hot air furnace.

[0065] Experimental results:

[0066] Group Drying time (hours) Consumed heat (kcal / kg) Control group 15.1 5073600 Experimental group 11.3 3796800

[0067] Analysis conclusion

[0068] The drying efficiency of the experimental group increased by 25.16%, and the energy consumption decreased by 25.16%, indicating that the structural design of the present application significantly optimizes the heat energy utilization rate.

[0069] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above description, the skilled in the art of the present application can also change and modify the above embodiments. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes of the present application should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application. In addition, although some specific terms are used in the specification, these terms are only for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A drying layer of a grain dryer, characterized in that The dryer shell is provided with a drying cavity, an air inlet cavity, an air outlet cavity and a return air cavity, a plurality of net tube type air ducts are vertically and spacedly arranged in the drying cavity, grains enter the net tube type air ducts from the top of the drying cavity and flow out from the bottom of the drying cavity, a return air port is arranged between the air inlet cavity and the return air cavity, the return air fan is installed at the return air port, a first air inlet port is arranged between the return air cavity and the drying cavity, the upper ends of some of the net tube type air ducts are communicated with the first air inlet port, so that hot air enters from the air inlet cavity and is blown into the drying cavity by the return air fan, air outlets are arranged between the drying cavity and the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity, the lower ends of the other net tube type air ducts are communicated with the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity through the air outlets, so that part of the hot air is blown out from the air outlet cavity and the other part of the hot air is sucked by the return air fan to form a hot air return flow.

2. The drying layer of the grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The net tube type air ducts include net tube type air inlet ducts and net tube type air outlet ducts, the upper ends of the net tube type air inlet ducts are communicated with the first air inlet port, and the lower ends of the net tube type air outlet ducts are communicated with the air outlets.

3. The drying layer of the grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying shell includes a drying frame, an air inlet frame, an air outlet frame and a return air frame, the drying cavity, the air inlet cavity, the air outlet cavity and the return air cavity are correspondingly arranged in the drying frame, the air inlet frame, the air outlet frame and the return air frame, the drying frame has a first side and a second side arranged oppositely, the air inlet frame and the return air frame are arranged on the first side, and the return air frame is arranged on the upper part of the air inlet frame, the first air inlet port is arranged on the first side, the air outlet frame is arranged on the second side, and the air outlets are arranged on the first side and the second side.

4. The drying layer of the grain dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that, Upper and lower mounting seats are further provided, the two ends of the upper and lower mounting seats are fixed on the first side and the second side, the net tube type air ducts include net tube type air inlet ducts and net tube type air outlet ducts, the upper ends of the net tube type air inlet ducts are fixed on the upper mounting seat, the lower mounting seat is provided with a plug-in column, and the lower ends of the net tube type air outlet ducts are plug-in installed in the plug-in column.

5. The drying layer of a grain dryer according to claim 4, characterized in that A conical baffle is arranged on the top of the plug-in column.

6. The drying layer of the grain dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that, First net plates are arranged on the first side and the second side, the first net plates communicate the drying cavity with the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity, the air inlet cavity is provided with a second air inlet port, a flow guide plate is arranged in the air inlet cavity, and the second air inlet port is opposite to the flow guide plate to guide the hot air entering the second air inlet port to the return air fan.

7. The drying layer of the grain dryer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drying frame further has a third side and a fourth side arranged oppositely, the third side and the fourth side are provided with a drying net rack, the drying net rack is communicated with the first side and the second side, and the outer side of the drying net rack is provided with an observation cover.

8. The drying layer of the grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Air duct connectors are further provided to connect adjacent net tube type air ducts.

9. The drying layer of the grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air outlet fan is installed in the air outlet cavity, the power of the air outlet fan is the same as that of the return air fan, and the quantity ratio of the air outlet fan to the return air fan is 2:

3.

10. The drying layer of the grain dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, A conical top is arranged on the top of the drying cavity and above the net tube type air ducts.

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