Flame-retardant box structure for battery of electric vehicle
The electric vehicle battery flame-retardant box structure, which incorporates multi-layer composite materials and an intelligent response mechanism, solves the problem of fire spread during battery explosions, achieving rapid heat insulation and automatic fire extinguishing, and enhancing the intelligent response capability of battery protection.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing electric vehicle battery protection devices cannot quickly and effectively contain the spread of fire when the battery explodes, and their structural design is simple, lacking layered temperature control and fire extinguishing functions.
It adopts a multi-layer composite material design, including an outer aerogel layer, carbon fiber plate, phase change material layer and fire extinguishing agent layer. Combined with the intelligent response mechanism of the mechanical structure, it can automatically trigger the emergency mechanism through temperature changes to achieve heat insulation, cooling and fire extinguishing.
It effectively prevents the spread of fire when the battery explodes, realizes automatic fire extinguishing function, improves the thermal management and intelligent response capability of the structure, and solves the problem of untimely response in the existing technology.
Smart Images
Figure CN224053215U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicle battery safety protection, in particular to a kind of electric vehicle battery flame-retardant box structure design. BACKGROUND
[0002] At present, the safety protection technology of electric vehicle battery mainly concentrates on battery management system (BMS) and external safety protection device;Traditional battery safety design mainly avoids battery overheat or explosion phenomenon through battery temperature monitoring, overcharge protection and external protective shell;Existing battery protection technology usually focuses on preventing battery abnormalities, and ignores how to effectively contain fire spread and protect vehicle body and surrounding environment when battery explosion occurs;Most of the battery protection devices on the market rely on electronic control system, which is monitored by temperature sensor and pressure sensor, and passive temperature control means is adopted;The deficiency of these methods is slow response speed, when battery explosion occurs, the existing protection system often cannot effectively isolate the fire source in a short time, leading to fire spread;Single structure design, many existing protection box bodies only rely on single material or simple structure, lack of hierarchical temperature control, heat insulation and fire extinguishing function, and cannot effectively respond in different situations. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0003] The utility model discloses a kind of electric vehicle battery flame-retardant box structure, which can solve the fire spread and temperature control problem when electric vehicle battery explosion occurs.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides a kind of electric vehicle battery flame-retardant box structure, characterized by, the flame-retardant box includes side plate, top plate, bottom plate, the side plate is mainly composed of flame-retardant plate and ventilation space and is set apart from each other, the flame-retardant plate is sequentially mainly composed of first aerogel layer, first carbon fiber plate and first phase change material from outside to inside, recessed and protruding structure is arranged on the opposite surface of first carbon fiber plate and first phase change material layer and is engaged with each other, the top plate is sequentially mainly composed of second aerogel layer, fire extinguishing agent layer and second phase change material layer from outside to inside, the top surface of first phase change material is fixedly connected with the second aerogel layer or the carbon fiber plate of ventilation space lower side, and compression spring is arranged between first carbon fiber plate and upper end baffle.
[0005] Preferably, the bottom plate is provided with a slanting ventilation opening, and the slanting ventilation opening has an inclination angle of 30-60 degrees and a width of 10-20 mm.
[0006] Preferably, the flame-retardant box side plate and top plate outer layer adopt aerogel material, and the thermal conductivity of the aerogel material is less than 0.02 W / (m·K).
[0007] Preferably, the first carbon fiber plate has a thickness of 2-10 mm, and the tensile strength of the first carbon fiber plate is not less than 1000 MPa.
[0008] Preferably, the first phase change material is magnesium chloride hexahydrate, and the first phase change material changes phase when the temperature reaches 40-60 DEG C.
[0009] Preferably, the height of the concave-convex structure of the first carbon fiber plate and the first phase change material layer is 1-9 mm, and the pitch of the concave-convex structure is 2-10 mm.
[0010] Preferably, the second aerogel layer has a thickness of 5-10 mm, and the thermal conductivity of the second aerogel layer is less than 0.03 W / (m*K).
[0011] Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent layer comprises a lithium battery special fire extinguishing agent, the thickness of the fire extinguishing agent layer is 3-8 mm, and the fire extinguishing agent layer is automatically released when the temperature reaches 50-70 DEG C.
[0012] Preferably, the second phase change material layer is magnesium chloride hexahydrate, the thickness of the second phase change material layer is 2-10 mm, and the second phase change material layer changes phase when the temperature reaches 45-65 DEG C.
[0013] Preferably, the elastic coefficient of the compression spring is 100-300 N / m.
[0014] The fireproof box structure for the electric vehicle battery has the following beneficial effects: the application effectively prevents the spread of fire when the battery explodes by the multi-layer composite material and the self-adaptive response mechanism, and realizes the automatic fire extinguishing function; the design of the multi-layer composite material, combined with the intelligent response of the mechanical structure, can automatically trigger the emergency mechanism according to the temperature change under different conditions, thereby realizing the effective heat insulation, cooling and fire extinguishing functions; this design not only effectively prevents the spread of fire, but also automatically responds and extinguishes the fire in the early stage of the fire, thereby solving the problems of delayed response and single structure in the prior art, and enhancing the thermal management and intelligent response of the structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creating labor, wherein:
[0016] Figure 1 It is a section view of the fireproof box structure for the electric vehicle battery of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 It is a battery combustion afterburning schematic view of the battery flame-retardant box structure for the electric vehicle battery;
[0018] Figure 3 It is a top plate structure view of the battery flame-retardant box structure for the electric vehicle battery;
[0019] Figure 4 It is a concave-convex structure view of the phase change material and the carbon fiber plate of the battery flame-retardant box structure for the electric vehicle battery;
[0020] Figure 5 It is a section view schematic view of the battery flame-retardant box structure for the electric vehicle battery;
[0021] Figure 6 It is a battery combustion afterburning schematic view of the battery flame-retardant box structure for the electric vehicle battery;
[0022] Although the embodiments of the present application have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the application listed in the specification and the embodiments, and can be applied to various fields suitable for the present application, and other modifications can be easily realized by those skilled in the art, and therefore the present application is not limited to specific details and the figures shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0024] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
[0025] Most of the battery protection devices on the market currently rely on electronic control systems, which monitor through temperature sensors and pressure sensors and take passive temperature control measures. Existing battery protection technologies usually focus on preventing battery abnormalities, but ignore how to effectively contain fire spread and protect the vehicle body and the surrounding environment when the battery explodes. To solve the above problems, in one embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, an electric vehicle battery fireproof box structure is provided, which comprises side plates, a top plate and a bottom plate. The side plates are mainly composed of fireproof plates 7 and ventilation spaces 9 arranged at intervals. The fireproof plate 7 is mainly composed of a first aerogel layer 3, a first carbon fiber plate 73 and a first phase change material 72 from outside to inside. The first carbon fiber plate 73, the first phase change material 72 and the ventilation space 9 in the fireproof plate 7 are arranged alternately in the longitudinal direction of the side plate (i.e. the height direction of the battery box). The opposite surfaces of the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the first phase change material layer 72 are provided with concave-convex structures and are engaged with each other. The top plate is mainly composed of a second aerogel layer 1, a fire extinguishing agent layer 5 and a second phase change material 6 layer from outside to inside. The top surface of the first phase change material 72 is fixedly connected with the carbon fiber plate 8 below the second aerogel layer 1 or the ventilation space 9. A compression spring 71 is arranged between the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the upper end partition plate. Figure 5 As shown, an electric vehicle battery fireproof box structure is provided, which comprises side plates, a top plate and a bottom plate. The side plates are mainly composed of fireproof plates 7 and ventilation spaces 9 arranged at intervals. The side plates are further provided with carbon fiber plates on the outermost side for supporting the fireproof plates 7. The fireproof plate 7 is mainly composed of a first aerogel layer 3, a first carbon fiber plate 73 and a first phase change material 72 from outside to inside. The first aerogel layer 3, the first carbon fiber plate 73, the first phase change material 72 and the ventilation space 9 in the fireproof plate 7 are arranged alternately in the longitudinal direction of the side plate (i.e. the height direction of the battery box). The opposite surfaces of the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the first phase change material layer 72 are provided with concave-convex structures and are engaged with each other. The top plate is mainly composed of a carbon fiber plate, a second aerogel layer 1, a fire extinguishing agent layer 5 and a second phase change material 6 layer from outside to inside. The top surface of the first phase change material 72 is fixedly connected with the carbon fiber plate 8 below the second aerogel layer 1 or the ventilation space 9. A compression spring 71 is arranged between the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the upper end partition plate.
[0026] The side plate in the embodiment is mainly composed of fireproof plate 7 and ventilation space 9 arranged at intervals. The fireproof plate 7 is mainly composed of the following three layers from outside to inside. The first aerogel layer 3 is located at the outermost layer, has an extremely low thermal conductivity (less than 0.02 W / (m·K)), and can effectively insulate heat and prevent heat conduction outward. The thickness of the aerogel layer is 5-10 mm, which ensures the heat insulation performance without increasing excessive weight. The first carbon fiber plate 73 is located at the middle layer, has high strength and high temperature resistance, and ensures the structural stability of the box. The thickness of the carbon fiber plate is 2-10 mm, and the tensile strength is not less than 1000 MPa. The first phase change material layer 72 is located at the innermost layer, and adopts magnesium chloride hexahydrate as the phase change material. The material undergoes phase change when the temperature reaches 40-60℃, absorbs a large amount of heat, and plays a role of heat management. The thickness of the phase change material layer is 2-10 mm. The first carbon fiber plate 73 and the first phase change material layer 72 are provided with concave-convex structures on the opposite surfaces and are engaged with each other. This design is stable under normal circumstances. When the battery explodes, the magnesium chloride hexahydrate phase change material absorbs heat and undergoes phase change, causing the concave-convex structure to fail. The carbon fiber plate falls and forms a closed environment with the aerogel layer to isolate the fire source. The top plate is mainly composed of the following three layers from outside to inside. The second aerogel layer 1 is located at the outermost layer, has an extremely low thermal conductivity (less than 0.03 W / (m·K)), and is used for heat insulation and protection of the fire extinguishing agent layer. The thickness of the aerogel layer is 5-10 mm. The fire extinguishing agent layer 5 is located at the middle layer and adopts a special fire extinguishing agent. The thickness of the fire extinguishing agent layer is 3-8 mm. When the temperature reaches 50-70℃, the fire extinguishing agent is automatically released to quickly extinguish the fire source. The second phase change material layer 6 is located at the innermost layer and adopts magnesium chloride hexahydrate as the phase change material. The material undergoes phase change when the temperature reaches 45-65℃, triggering the release of the fire extinguishing agent. The thickness of the phase change material layer is 2-10 mm. The top surface of the first phase change material layer 72 is fixedly connected with the carbon fiber plate 8 at the lower side of the ventilation space 9 or the second aerogel layer 1. This connection mode ensures that the heat absorption of the phase change material can be quickly transmitted to the top plate when the battery explodes, triggering the release of the fire extinguishing agent. The first carbon fiber plate 73 and the upper end partition plate are provided with a compression spring 71. The elastic coefficient of the compression spring is 100-300 N / m. When the battery explodes, the magnesium chloride hexahydrate phase change material absorbs heat and undergoes phase change, causing the concave-convex structure to fail. The compression spring quickly releases the elastic force to push the first carbon fiber plate to fall and form a closed environment with the first aerogel layer to isolate the fire source. In the second embodiment, the fireproof plate 7 is mainly composed of the following four layers from outside to inside. The carbon fiber plate is located at the outermost layer, followed by the first aerogel layer 3, the first carbon fiber plate 73, and the first phase change material layer 72. In the two embodiments, the outer layer of the second embodiment is the carbon fiber plate. The fireproof plate 7 changes from three layers to four layers. The outermost layer changes from the aerogel layer to the carbon fiber plate. The aerogel layer changes from the whole surface to the segmented interval.
[0027] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bottom plate 4 is provided with a diagonal vent 11, the inclination angle of the diagonal vent 11 is 30-60 degrees, and the width is 10-20 mm.
[0028] Specifically, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency, the bottom plate is provided with a diagonal vent, the inclination angle of the diagonal vent is 30-60 degrees, and the width is 10-20 mm. This design takes advantage of the airflow direction when the electric vehicle is running, ensuring that the airflow can flow into the fireproof box from below, enhancing the heat dissipation function. The diagonal vent not only improves the heat dissipation efficiency, but also prevents rainwater and dust from entering the box.
[0029] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the outer layer of the side plate and the top plate of the fireproof box is made of aerogel material or carbon fiber plate, the thermal conductivity of the aerogel material is less than 0.02 W / (m·K), the thickness of the carbon fiber plate is 2-5 mm, and the tensile strength of the carbon fiber plate is not less than 1000 MPa.
[0030] Specifically, the outer layer of the side plate and the top plate of the fireproof box is made of aerogel material or carbon fiber plate. The aerogel material includes a first aerogel layer 3 and a second aerogel layer 1. The first aerogel layer 3 is located on the outermost layer and is made of aerogel material, which has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.02 W / (m·K), effectively insulating heat and preventing heat conduction outward. The thickness of the aerogel layer is 5-10 mm, ensuring the heat insulation performance without adding too much weight. The second aerogel layer 1 is located on the outermost layer and is made of aerogel material, which has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.02 W / (m·K), used for heat insulation and protection of the fire extinguishing agent layer 5. The outer layer of the carbon fiber plate has a thickness of 2-5 mm, which ensures sufficient structural strength without making the fireproof box too heavy. The tensile strength of the carbon fiber plate is not less than 1000 MPa, which ensures that the fireproof box remains structurally stable under high temperature and extreme conditions, without deformation or damage due to external force or internal pressure.
[0031] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the thickness of the first carbon fiber plate 73 is 2-10 mm, and the tensile strength of the first carbon fiber plate 73 is not less than 1000 MPa.
[0032] Specifically, the thickness of the first carbon fiber plate 73 is 2-10 mm, which ensures sufficient structural strength and does not make the fireproof box too heavy, suitable for the application scenario of electric vehicles. The tensile strength of the first carbon fiber plate 73 is not less than 1000 MPa. This high-strength carbon fiber material can ensure that the fireproof box remains structurally stable under high temperature and extreme conditions, and will not deform or be damaged due to external force or internal pressure.
[0033] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the first phase change material 72 is magnesium chloride hexahydrate, which undergoes phase change when the temperature reaches 40-60℃.
[0034] Specifically, the first phase change material 72 uses magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2·6H2O), which is a common phase change material with good thermal stability and phase change latent heat characteristics. Its phase change temperature range is 40-60℃, which can effectively absorb heat and play a role in thermal management. The phase change temperature of magnesium chloride hexahydrate is optimized to 50℃, which is selected according to the temperature characteristics of the electric vehicle battery under normal operation and abnormal conditions, ensuring that it can respond quickly when the battery temperature abnormally rises. The thickness of the first phase change material layer 72 is 2-10 mm, which can ensure sufficient phase change material for heat absorption without adding too much weight, suitable for the application scenario of electric vehicles.
[0035] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 4 As shown, the height of the concave-convex structure of the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the first phase change material layer 72 is 1-9 mm, and the pitch of the concave-convex structure is 2-10 mm.
[0036] Specifically, the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the first phase change material layer 72 have a concave-convex structure on their opposite surfaces and are engaged with each other. The concave surface 75 and the convex surface 74 are arranged on the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the first phase change material layer 72. The concave surface 75 and the convex surface 74 can be arranged in various shapes, such as semicircle, cylinder, square, etc., which are engaged with each other. In normal conditions, this design maintains stability. When the battery explodes, the magnesium chloride hexahydrate phase change material absorbs heat and undergoes phase change, causing the concave-convex structure to fail. The carbon fiber plate falls and forms a closed environment with the aerogel layer, isolating the fire source. The height of the concave-convex structure of the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the first phase change material layer 72 is 5 mm, which is within the range of 1-9 mm. This height design not only ensures sufficient structural strength, but also does not affect the overall compactness due to being too high. The spacing of the concave-convex structure is 6 mm, which is within the range of 2-10 mm. This spacing design ensures that the phase change material can quickly absorb heat and undergo phase change when the battery explodes, causing the concave-convex structure to fail and triggering the falling action of the carbon fiber plate. The specific size of the concave-convex structure is optimized to ensure optimal performance in normal operation and abnormal conditions. The 5 mm height design provides sufficient structural stability in normal operation, while quickly responding when the battery explodes. The higher concave-convex structure better supports the carbon fiber plate, ensuring that it does not deform due to external forces during normal operation. The 6 mm spacing design quickly fails when the battery explodes, ensuring that the carbon fiber plate quickly falls and forms a closed environment with the aerogel layer, isolating the fire source. Reasonable spacing can avoid excessive tightness due to small spacing, affecting response speed.
[0037] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The second aerogel layer 1 has a thickness of 5-10 mm, and a thermal conductivity lower than 0.03 W / (m·K).
[0038] Specifically, in one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second aerogel layer 1 is an important component of the top plate. The second aerogel layer 1 has a thickness of 8 mm, which is within the range of 5-10 mm. This thickness design not only ensures sufficient heat insulation performance, but also does not make the top plate too thick and heavy, affecting the lightweight design of the overall structure. The second aerogel layer 1 has a thermal conductivity lower than 0.03 W / (m·K). This low thermal conductivity ensures that the aerogel layer can effectively insulate heat, preventing heat from transferring from the outside to the fire extinguishing agent layer, thereby ensuring that the fire extinguishing agent can be released normally when needed. When the battery explodes, the second aerogel layer 1 can prevent the influence of external high temperature on the fire extinguishing agent layer, ensuring that the fire extinguishing agent is released normally at the set temperature. The second aerogel layer 1 not only insulates heat, but also protects the fire extinguishing agent layer from external mechanical damage and environmental factors, improving the reliability and durability of the entire fire-resistant box.
[0039] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, see [reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the extinguishing agent layer 5 includes a lithium battery-specific extinguishing agent 12. The thickness of the extinguishing agent layer 5 is 3-8 mm. The extinguishing agent layer 5 is automatically released when the temperature reaches 50-70℃.
[0040] Specifically, in one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the extinguishing agent layer 5 is an important component of the roof slab. This layer can use a lithium battery-specific extinguishing agent, designed specifically for lithium battery fires. This agent can quickly extinguish lithium battery fires and prevent the fire from spreading. The thickness of the extinguishing agent layer 5 is 6 mm, falling within the range of 3-8 mm. This thickness design ensures sufficient extinguishing agent reserves without making the roof slab too heavy, thus avoiding impacting the overall lightweight design. The extinguishing agent layer 5 automatically releases when the temperature reaches 60℃, a temperature range between 50-70℃. This temperature range is selected based on the temperature characteristics of lithium batteries under abnormal conditions. To ensure a rapid response and release of extinguishing agent 12 when the battery temperature rises abnormally, the extinguishing agent layer 5 is encapsulated with a high-temperature resistant polymer film. This encapsulation material maintains a seal during normal operation, preventing leakage or moisture absorption of the extinguishing agent. The extinguishing agent layer 5 is located in the middle layer of the top plate. The release mechanism of the extinguishing agent layer 5 is combined with the second phase change material layer (magnesium chloride hexahydrate). When the temperature reaches 60°C, the second phase change material layer undergoes a phase change, causing the encapsulation material to rupture and the extinguishing agent 12 to be released automatically. The extinguishing agent 12 in the extinguishing agent layer 5 is evenly distributed and can quickly cover the entire battery surface upon release, ensuring the fire extinguishing effect.
[0041] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiments, see [reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the second phase change material layer 6 is magnesium chloride hexahydrate, the thickness of the second phase change material layer 6 is 2-10 mm, and the second phase change material layer 6 undergoes a phase change when the temperature reaches 45-65℃.
[0042] Specifically, the second phase change material layer 6 is an important component of the top plate, and the second phase change material layer 6 adopts magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2·6H2O), which is a common phase change material with good thermal stability and phase change latent heat characteristics, and can absorb a large amount of heat at a specific temperature to play a role in thermal management. The thickness of the second phase change material layer 6 is 6 millimeters, which is within the range of 2-10 millimeters. This thickness design not only ensures enough phase change material for heat absorption, but also does not make the top plate too thick and heavy, affecting the lightweight design of the overall structure. The second phase change material layer 6 undergoes phase change when the temperature reaches 55℃, which is within the range of 45-65℃. This temperature range is selected according to the temperature characteristics of lithium batteries under abnormal conditions to ensure a rapid response when the battery temperature abnormally rises. The second phase change material layer 6 is located in the innermost layer of the top plate, and the second phase change material layer 6 adopts an encapsulation form. The encapsulation material is a high-temperature-resistant polymer film that can maintain sealing during normal operation to prevent phase change material leakage or moisture. When the temperature reaches 55℃, the magnesium chloride hexahydrate undergoes phase change and absorbs a large amount of heat, causing the encapsulation material to break and triggering the release of the fire extinguishing agent 12. This design ensures that the fire extinguishing measures can be taken quickly at the initial stage of battery explosion. The magnesium chloride hexahydrate of the second phase change material layer 6 is uniformly distributed and can quickly cover the entire battery surface when released to ensure the fire extinguishing effect.
[0043] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The elastic coefficient of the compression spring 71 is 100-300 N / m.
[0044] Specifically, the compression spring 71 is an important component of the fireproof box. The elastic coefficient of the compression spring 71 is 200 N / m, which is located in the range of 100-300 N / m. This elastic coefficient design can ensure that the spring can quickly release the elastic force and push the first carbon fiber plate 73 to fall when the battery 10 explodes, and can also avoid the structure damage caused by excessive elastic force. The compression spring 71 is made of high-strength spring steel material, has good high-temperature resistance and fatigue resistance, and can ensure normal work under extreme conditions. The diameter of the compression spring 71 is 10 mm, and the length is 30 mm. These size designs ensure that the spring can work normally in the installation space while providing sufficient elastic force. The compression spring 71 is located between the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the upper end partition. Its main function is to quickly respond and push the first carbon fiber plate 73 to fall when the battery explodes, and to form a closed environment with the aerogel layer to isolate the fire source. The compression spring is installed at the center position between the first carbon fiber plate 73 and the upper end partition, which ensures that the carbon fiber plate can fall evenly and form a stable closed environment when the spring releases the elastic force. The compression spring 71 is in a pre-tightened state during normal operation, and the pre-tightening force is 50 N. This design ensures that the spring can quickly release the elastic force and push the carbon fiber plate to fall when the battery explodes, and will not cause response delay due to the initial state of the spring relaxation. The compression spring 71 is made of high-temperature resistant material and can maintain stable performance in high-temperature environment, ensuring normal work when the battery explodes.
[0045] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent range of the utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation based on the content of the utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, is also included in the patent protection range of the utility model.
Claims
1. An electric vehicle battery fire resistant case structure, characterized by, The fireproof box comprises side plates, a top plate and a bottom plate, the side plates are mainly composed of fireproof plates and ventilation spaces arranged at intervals, the fireproof plates are sequentially mainly composed of a first aerogel layer, a first carbon fiber plate and a first phase change material from outside to inside, the first carbon fiber plate and the first phase change material layer are provided with concave-convex structures on opposite surfaces and are engaged with each other, the top plate is sequentially mainly composed of a second aerogel layer, a fire extinguishing agent layer and a second phase change material layer from outside to inside, the top surface of the first phase change material is fixedly connected with the second aerogel layer or the carbon fiber plate on the lower side of the ventilation space, and a compression spring is arranged between the first carbon fiber plate and an upper end partition plate.
2. The battery fire containment structure for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein, The bottom plate is provided with an oblique ventilation opening, the oblique angle of the oblique ventilation opening is 30-60 degrees, and the width is 10-20 mm.
3. The battery fire resistant case structure for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The outer layer of the side plates and the top plate of the fireproof box is made of aerogel material, and the thermal conductivity of the aerogel material is lower than 0.02 W / (m·K).
4. The battery fire box structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of the first carbon fiber plate is 2-10 mm, and the tensile strength of the first carbon fiber plate is not less than 1000 MPa.
5. The battery fire box structure of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The first phase change material is magnesium chloride hexahydrate, and the first phase change material changes phase when the temperature reaches 40-60℃.
6. The battery fire containment structure for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein, The height of the concave-convex structure of the first carbon fiber plate and the first phase change material layer is 1-9 mm, and the pitch of the concave-convex structure is 2-10 mm.
7. The battery fire containment structure for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the second aerogel layer is 5-10 mm, and the thermal conductivity of the second aerogel layer is lower than 0.03 W / (m·K).
8. The battery fire containment structure for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein, The fire extinguishing agent layer comprises a lithium battery special fire extinguishing agent, the thickness of the fire extinguishing agent layer is 3-8 mm, and the fire extinguishing agent layer is automatically released when the temperature reaches 50-70℃.
9. The battery fire containment box structure for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein, The second phase change material layer is magnesium chloride hexahydrate, the thickness of the second phase change material layer is 2-10 mm, and the second phase change material layer changes phase when the temperature reaches 45-65℃.
10. The battery fire containment structure for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein, The elastic coefficient of the compression spring is 100-300 N / m.