Graphite gap N-PE surge protector

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of surge protectors, in particular to a graphite gap N-PE surge protector, which is characterized in that the graphite gap N-PE surge protector comprises a shell, a graphite gap module and a circuit module, the graphite gap module and the circuit module are both arranged in the shell, and the graphite gap module is arranged in the shell. The graphite gap module is connected with the circuit module; the circuit module comprises a boosting transformer, a voltage doubling circuit, an energy storage capacitor and a voltage division circuit which are connected in sequence, the boosting transformer is connected with the two ends of the graphite gap module, and the voltage division circuit is used for providing multiple trigger voltages and enabling the multiple trigger voltages to be changed in a gradient decreasing mode in the graphite gap module. Compared with a traditional surge protector, the surge protector provided by the utility model reduces the residual voltage of the graphite gap, improves the voltage protection level, and meets the requirement of a graphite gap module for small block motion threshold discreteness.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of surge protector, more specifically, it relates to a graphite gap N-PE surge protector. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a common natural phenomenon, lightning strikes threaten the normal operation of power lines at any time. When the line is struck by lightning, the instantaneous huge lightning current may cause irreversible damage to various electrical equipment in the line. In order to cope with the threat of lightning, N-PE surge protectors equipped with multi-layer graphite gap components are widely used in lines. When the power grid voltage is normally operated, the multi-layer graphite gap is in a non-conductive state and does not affect the normal current transmission of the line.

[0003] However, the multi-layer graphite gap also has some problems in practical application. The current multi-layer graphite gap mostly adopts a structure with multiple air series. This structure results in high discharge voltage and high residual voltage. Higher discharge voltage means that higher intensity of lightning energy may be needed to trigger the multi-layer graphite gap to conduct when lightning occurs, which reduces its protection ability against weak lightning to some extent. High residual voltage will cause a high voltage to remain between the two ends of the multi-layer graphite gap after the lightning current passes through, which may damage some voltage-sensitive devices in the line and affect the stability and reliability of the entire power system. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a graphite gap N-PE surge protector, which has the advantages of small action threshold discrete, low residual voltage, and simple structure.

[0005] The above technical purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical scheme: a graphite gap N-PE surge protector, comprising: a shell, a graphite gap module, and a circuit module, the graphite gap module and the circuit module are both arranged in the shell, and the graphite gap module and the circuit module are connected;

[0006] The circuit module comprises a step-up transformer, a voltage doubler circuit, an energy storage capacitor, and a voltage divider circuit connected in sequence, the step-up transformer is connected to both ends of the graphite gap module, and the voltage divider circuit is used to provide multiple trigger voltages and make the multiple trigger voltages decrease gradiently in the graphite gap module.

[0007] In one embodiment, the graphite gap module comprises graphite plates G1, G2, G3, G4, and G5 arranged in sequence with intervals, the graphite plate G1 is connected to the N line, the graphite plate G5 is connected to the PE line, and a gap is arranged between adjacent two graphite plates.

[0008] In one of the embodiments, the voltage dividing circuit comprises resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 connected in series, the resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 have the same resistance, the first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the high voltage positive of the energy storage capacitor, and the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the high voltage negative of the energy storage capacitor.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the gap between the graphite plate G1 and the graphite plate G2, the first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the gap between the graphite plate G2 and the graphite plate G3, the first end of the resistor R3 is connected to the gap between the graphite plate G3 and the graphite plate G4, and the first end of the resistor R4 is connected to the gap between the graphite plate G4 and the graphite plate G5.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the gap between the adjacent two graphite plates is also connected to the second end of the resistor R4.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the step-up transformer is connected to the graphite plate G1 and the graphite plate G5 through the primary coil, and the secondary coil of the step-up transformer is connected to the input end of the voltage doubling circuit.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the voltage doubling circuit is composed of multiple capacitors and multiple diodes for voltage boosting.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the output end of the voltage dividing circuit is also provided with a discharge needle for discharging to the graphite gap module.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the gap between the adjacent two graphite plates is filled with air.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the shell comprises a convex shell and a square shell, the convex shell is arranged at the opening of the square shell, the circuit module is arranged at the top of the convex shell, and the graphite gap module is arranged at the bottom of the circuit module.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the bottom of the square shell is also provided with a through hole.

[0017] The above graphite gap N-PE surge protector has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] When there is an abnormally high voltage between the lines, the circuit module receives and, through the combined action of the step-up transformer, the voltage doubling circuit and the energy storage capacitor, the voltage is raised and input into the voltage dividing circuit, the voltage dividing circuit is used to provide a plurality of trigger voltages, and the plurality of trigger voltages are presented in a gradient decreasing manner in the graphite gap module; and through the gradient trigger mechanism, the graphite gap module is discharged in advance, the safety performance of the protector is improved, the residual voltage of the graphite gap module is reduced, the voltage protection level is improved, and through the active trigger mechanism introduced by the voltage dividing circuit, the industry problem of large dispersion of the action threshold of the traditional graphite gap module is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a connection principle schematic diagram of the circuit module and the graphite gap module of the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a whole schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a connection relationship schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] In the figure: 1, shell; 11, convex shell; 12, square shell; 2, graphite gap module; 3, circuit module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The utility model will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0024] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the directions or position relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" are based on the directions or position relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated devices or elements must have a particular orientation, structure and operation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0026] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, the terms "mount", "link", "connect", "fix" and so on should do the broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or be integrated;Can be mechanical connection, also can be electric connection or each other can communicate;Can be direct connection, also can indirectly connect through the intermediate medium, can be the communication or the interaction of two elements of two elements, unless another definite limitation.For the ordinary skilled person in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium.Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0028] A graphite gap N-PE surge protector, as shown in Figures 1-3 The graphite gap module 2 and the circuit module 3 are both arranged in the shell 1, and the graphite gap module 2 and the circuit module 3 are connected.

[0029] The circuit module 3 comprises a step-up transformer, a voltage doubling circuit, an energy storage capacitor and a voltage dividing circuit connected in sequence, the step-up transformer is connected with both ends of the graphite gap module 2, and the voltage dividing circuit is used to provide a plurality of trigger voltages and make the plurality of trigger voltages present gradient decreasing change in the graphite gap module 2.

[0030] Through the above design, in the embodiment, when there is an abnormally high voltage between the lines, the circuit module 3 receives and inputs the voltage into the voltage dividing circuit through the combined action of the step-up transformer, the voltage doubling circuit and the energy storage capacitor, the voltage dividing circuit is used to provide a plurality of trigger voltages and make the plurality of trigger voltages present gradient decreasing change in the graphite gap module.The voltage dividing circuit makes the graphite gap module 2 discharge in advance through the gradient trigger mechanism, improves the safety performance of the protector, and also reduces the residual voltage of the graphite gap module 2, introduces the active trigger mechanism through the voltage dividing circuit, and reduces the action threshold discrete of the graphite gap module 2.

[0031] In the present application, Figure 1N represents the N line, PE represents the PE line, EI represents the step-up transformer, D1-D7 represent the diodes in the voltage doubling circuit, C1-C7 represent the capacitors in the voltage doubling circuit, C8 represents the energy storage capacitor, G1 represents the graphite plate G1, G2 represents the graphite plate G2, G3 represents the graphite plate G3, G4 represents the graphite plate G4, and G5 represents the graphite plate G5.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1 , the graphite gap module 2 specifically comprises the graphite plate G1, the graphite plate G2, the graphite plate G3, the graphite plate G4, and the graphite plate G5 arranged in sequence with a gap between adjacent graphite plates, the graphite plate G1 is connected with the N line, and the graphite plate G5 is connected with the PE line.

[0033] Through the above design, in the embodiment, when an abnormal voltage occurs, the graphite gap module 2 is turned on, specifically, the N line and the PE line act on both ends of the graphite gap module 2, that is, the graphite plate G1 and the graphite plate G5, the current can flow from the graphite plate G1 and then flow out from the graphite plate G5, and after the abnormal current ends, the graphite gap module 2 returns to a non-conducting state.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1 , the voltage dividing circuit comprises resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4 arranged in series, the resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4 have the same resistance value, the first end of the resistor R1 is connected with the high-voltage positive of the energy storage capacitor, and the second end of the resistor R4 is connected with the high-voltage negative of the energy storage capacitor.

[0035] Through the above design, in the embodiment, the node voltage at the first end of the resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, that is, the trigger voltage, when reaching the threshold value, can be controlled to be a trigger voltage with a gradient of 1 times the threshold value, a trigger voltage with a gradient of 0.75 times the threshold value, a trigger voltage with a gradient of 0.5 times the threshold value, and a trigger voltage with a gradient of 0.25 times the threshold value in the direction from R1 to R4, and finally multiple trigger voltages present a gradient decreasing change in the graphite gap module 2.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1 , the first end of the resistor R1 is connected with the gap between the graphite plate G1 and the graphite plate G2, the first end of the resistor R2 is connected with the gap between the graphite plate G2 and the graphite plate G3, the first end of the resistor R3 is connected with the gap between the graphite plate G3 and the graphite plate G4, and the first end of the resistor R4 is connected with the gap between the graphite plate G4 and the graphite plate G5; wherein the gap between the adjacent two graphite plates is also connected with the second end of the resistor R4.

[0037] In the embodiment, the graphite plate G1 is directly connected to the N line, and the graphite plate G5 is connected to the PE line. The trigger voltages of the resistors R1 to R4 are sequentially applied to the gaps between the graphite plates in the order of the graphite plates G1 to G5, and finally a multi-stage pre-ionization channel is formed. When the gap between the graphite plate G1 and the graphite plate G2 receives the trigger voltage, the gap ignites and discharges. Similarly, the gaps between the graphite plate G2 and the graphite plate G3, the graphite plate G3 and the graphite plate G4, and the graphite plate G4 and the graphite plate G5 sequentially ignite and discharge, and finally the abnormal voltage is discharged from the G5 end.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 , the step-up transformer is connected to the graphite plate G1 and the graphite plate G5 through the primary coil, and is connected to the input end of the voltage doubling circuit through the secondary coil. When an abnormal voltage occurs between the N line and the PE line, the primary coil of the step-up transformer boosts the transient voltage in the low-voltage state to a high-voltage level, and transmits it to the input end of the voltage doubling circuit through the secondary coil.

[0039] As shown in Figure 1 , the voltage doubling circuit is composed of multiple capacitors and multiple diodes, and is used to boost the voltage. In the embodiment, the voltage input into the voltage doubling circuit is boosted to seven times for charging the energy storage capacitor. In other embodiments, the number of capacitors and diodes can be set according to design requirements, so as to boost the voltage input into the voltage doubling circuit to other multiples; and the voltage doubling circuit composed of capacitors and diodes has a small volume, and can better save installation space for a surge protector with a small size.

[0040] The output end of the voltage dividing circuit is also provided with a discharge needle for discharging to the graphite gap module 2. Through the above design, in the embodiment, the discharge needle is specifically connected to the resistors R1 to R4 and the graphite plates, and multiple discharge needles are provided, which can effectively eliminate the potential difference between the graphite plates due to various factors, so that the graphite plates can maintain a relatively stable potential state during operation. This helps to improve the performance stability of the graphite plates, reduce the problems such as performance degradation and accelerated aging of the graphite plates caused by potential fluctuation or charge accumulation, and prolong the service life of the graphite plates.

[0041] The gaps between the adjacent two graphite plates are filled with air. When the surge voltage reaches the gas ionization threshold, the gas is broken down to form an ionization channel, accurately triggering the protection action. The ionized gas forms plasma, and its cooling effect can quickly extinguish the electric arc to prevent continuous discharge from causing ablation of the graphite plates. At the same time, the airflow generated by the gas expansion can disperse the arc energy to a larger space, reducing the local temperature peak and protecting the internal components of the equipment.

[0042] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the shell 1 comprises a convex shell 11 and a square shell 12, the convex shell 11 covers the opening of the square shell 12, the circuit module 3 is arranged at the top of the convex shell 11, and the graphite gap module 2 is arranged at the bottom of the circuit module 3. The convex shell 11 covers the square shell 12 to form a closed protective structure, which not only provides impact protection for the top circuit module 3, but also disperses external stress through the curved surface design, and the structure is compact, integrates protection, control and discharge functions in a limited space, and is suitable for scenes sensitive to space requirements.

[0043] The bottom of the square shell 12 is also provided with a through hole. The through hole can promote air convection, accelerate the discharge of hot air in the shell 1, effectively reduce the internal temperature, prevent the performance of the graphite gap module 2 and the circuit module 3 from being affected due to overheating, and also can timely discharge the accumulated water in the shell 1, avoid the short circuit damage of the elements due to water immersion. In addition, the through hole can also provide a convenient channel for the connection of the grounding line, optimize the grounding effect, ensure that the surge current can be more smoothly introduced into the ground, and enhance the safety and reliability of the surge protector as a whole.

[0044] The above-described embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector, characterized by, The application relates to a high-voltage discharge device. The device comprises a shell, a graphite gap module and a circuit module, the graphite gap module and the circuit module are arranged in the shell, and the graphite gap module and the circuit module are connected. The circuit module comprises a step-up transformer, a voltage doubling circuit, an energy storage capacitor and a voltage dividing circuit which are sequentially connected, the step-up transformer is connected with two ends of the graphite gap module, and the voltage dividing circuit is used for providing a plurality of trigger voltages and making the trigger voltages decrease in a gradient manner in the graphite gap module.

2. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphite gap module comprises graphite plates G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5 which are sequentially and spacedly arranged, the graphite plate G1 is connected with an N line, the graphite plate G5 is connected with a PE line, and gaps are arranged between adjacent two graphite plates.

3. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage dividing circuit comprises resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 which are sequentially and serially arranged, the resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 have the same resistance, a first end of the resistor R1 is connected with a high-voltage total positive of the energy storage capacitor, and a second end of the resistor R4 is connected with a high-voltage total negative of the energy storage capacitor.

4. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first end of the resistor R1 is connected with a gap between the graphite plate G1 and the graphite plate G2, a first end of the resistor R2 is connected with a gap between the graphite plate G2 and the graphite plate G3, a first end of the resistor R3 is connected with a gap between the graphite plate G3 and the graphite plate G4, and a first end of the resistor R4 is connected with a gap between the graphite plate G4 and the graphite plate G5. The gaps between the adjacent two graphite plates are also connected with the second end of the resistor R4.

5. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step-up transformer is connected with the graphite plate G1 and the graphite plate G5 through a primary coil, and a secondary coil of the step-up transformer is connected with an input end of the voltage doubling circuit.

6. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage doubling circuit is composed of a plurality of capacitors and a plurality of diodes and is used for voltage lifting.

7. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector according to claim 3, characterized in that: An output end of the voltage dividing circuit is also provided with a discharge needle and is used for discharging to the graphite gap module.

8. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gaps between the adjacent two graphite plates are filled with air.

9. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell comprises a convex shell and a square shell, the convex shell is arranged at an opening of the square shell, the circuit module is arranged at a top of the convex shell, and the graphite gap module is arranged at a bottom of the circuit module.

10. A graphite gap N-PE surge protector according to claim 9, characterized in that: A through hole is formed in a bottom of the square shell.

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