Temporary plugging agent delivery device and pumping system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a temporary plugging agent delivery device and a pumping system, and the temporary plugging agent delivery device comprises a delivery pipeline which is provided with flange connecting ends at two ends and is connected with an external pipeline through the flange connecting ends; the temporary plugging agent cabins are in pipeline connection with the delivery pipeline in the vertical direction, a hydraulic valve is installed between each temporary plugging agent cabin and the delivery pipeline, and a sealing plug is installed at the top end of each temporary plugging agent cabin; and the hydraulic control module is connected with the multiple hydraulic valves through hydraulic pipelines, and the hydraulic control module is used for remotely and independently controlling the opening and closing states of the multiple hydraulic valves to achieve delivery of the temporary plugging agent in a single cabin or multiple cabins. The hydraulic control module is used for remotely controlling the opening and closing state of the hydraulic valve, remote delivery of the temporary plugging agent is achieved, and operation safety is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of delivery devices, in particular to a temporary plugging agent delivery device and a pump injection system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of unconventional oil and gas well fracturing reconstruction, temporary plugging diversion technology is needed for fracturing work. This technology involves putting temporary plugging agents into the well during fracturing construction to improve the effect of fracturing reconstruction. Specifically, one type of temporary plugging agent is a temporary plugging ball that blocks the perforation holes of the perforation cluster that opens and allows liquid to flow first, causing the bottom hole pressure to rise and the perforation cluster that has not been opened to be pressed open, allowing fracturing fluid to carry proppant into the new fracture. Another type of temporary plugging agent is a soluble solid particle that is put into the artificial fracture to block the liquid passage, causing the pressure in the fracture to rise and achieving cluster-to-cluster or artificial fracture diversion.

[0003] Currently, the device for delivering temporary plugging balls at the fracturing construction site has obvious drawbacks. Typically, temporary plugging balls are pre-positioned in a device that holds the temporary plugging balls before fracturing construction. When delivery is needed, a stopcock valve near the main pipeline is opened to allow the temporary plugging balls to enter the main pipeline and be transported to the well by the fracturing fluid. However, this operation requires the stopcock valve to be opened in the high-pressure area, and for safety reasons, the pump must be stopped to perform this operation, which severely affects the construction efficiency. Moreover, the stopcock valve with a pressure switch is easily damaged, resulting in failure to deliver the temporary plugging balls and failing to achieve the expected temporary plugging diversion effect.

[0004] The method of delivering particle temporary plugging agents also has problems. When delivered during fracturing construction, the particle temporary plugging agents are manually and quickly put into the mixing tank of the sand mixing truck, mixed with the fracturing fluid, and then pumped into the downhole fracture by the fracturing pump truck. However, the particle temporary plugging agents are easily stuck between the valve and the valve seat when passing through the fracturing pump truck, causing the water feeding efficiency of the fracturing pump truck to decrease and the load of the pump truck to fluctuate greatly. Once this happens, the pump truck with poor water feeding cannot continue to be used, cannot provide horsepower output for fracturing construction, and must be repaired and maintained after the construction is completed. This not only reduces the efficiency of the fracturing pump truck, but also greatly increases the maintenance workload and construction cost. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a temporary plugging agent delivery device and a pump injection system to solve at least one technical problem.

[0006] The application discloses a temporary plugging agent delivery device, which comprises a delivery pipeline, a plurality of temporary plugging agent chambers and a hydraulic control module.

[0007] The temporary plugging agent delivery device has the temporary plugging agent chambers in cylindrical structures, the bottom end of each temporary plugging agent chamber is in a tapered structure, the tapered structure is connected with the delivery pipeline through a connecting pipe, and the hydraulic valve is arranged at the connecting pipe.

[0008] The temporary plugging agent delivery device is provided with a pressure equalizer on each temporary plugging agent chamber, the pressure equalizer comprises a bypass pipe and a pressure equalizing valve, one end of the bypass pipe is connected with the pipeline of the temporary plugging agent chamber, and the other end is connected with the pipeline of the delivery pipeline through the pressure equalizing valve.

[0009] The temporary plugging agent delivery device comprises a sealing device, the sealing device comprises a plug and a pressure relief valve, the plug is threadedly connected with the top end of the temporary plugging agent chamber, and the pressure relief valve is arranged on the plug and used for discharging pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber.

[0010] The sealing device further comprises a pressure gauge arranged on the plug, the pressure gauge is used for detecting pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber, when the hydraulic valve is closed and the pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber is greater than zero, the plug can be removed only after the pressure is reduced to zero through the pressure relief valve.

[0011] The temporary plugging agent delivery device has the hydraulic control module, the hydraulic control module comprises a hydraulic energy accumulator and a hydraulic valve switch, the hydraulic energy accumulator comprises a pressure-resistant container and is used for providing power for the hydraulic valve switch, the hydraulic valve switch is connected with the hydraulic valve through a hydraulic pipeline, and the hydraulic valve switch is used for controlling the opening and closing state of the hydraulic valve.

[0012] The temporary plugging agent delivery device has the hydraulic valve, and the hydraulic valve is a hydraulic gate valve.

[0013] The temporary plugging agent delivery device has the delivery pipeline, and the diameter of the delivery pipeline is 100-200 mm.

[0014] The temporary plugging agent delivery device has the temporary plugging agent chambers, the diameter of each temporary plugging agent chamber is 300-350 mm, and the height of each temporary plugging agent chamber is 800-1000 mm.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, a pump injection system is provided, comprising: a pressure pump connected to a high-pressure pump injection pipeline of a non-conventional oil and gas well, for powering the high-pressure pump injection pipeline to deliver target liquid; one or more sets of the temporary plugging agent delivery device as described above, connected in series in the high-pressure pump injection pipeline, for delivering temporary plugging agent in the temporary plugging agent chamber to the high-pressure pump injection pipeline and then to the non-conventional oil and gas well.

[0016] The present application controls the opening and closing of the temporary plugging agent chamber through the hydraulic control module, and realizes remote delivery of the temporary plugging agent. The pump does not need to be stopped during the delivery process, which not only avoids a series of risks and time loss caused by stopping the pump, but also greatly improves the safety and efficiency of the operation. In addition, multiple sets of temporary plugging agent delivery devices can be connected in series in the pump injection system, effectively reducing the fracturing waiting time caused by frequent filling of temporary plugging agent, improving the efficiency of fracturing operation, and meeting the needs of simultaneous fracturing operation of multiple oil and gas wells by one set of pump injection system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the temporary plugging agent delivery device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the temporary plugging agent delivery device filled with temporary plugging agent according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the temporary plugging agent delivery device after delivery of one temporary plugging agent chamber according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the temporary plugging agent delivery device after delivery of two temporary plugging agent chambers according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the temporary plugging agent delivery device after delivery of three temporary plugging agent chambers according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the pump injection system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of this application will be described in detail below. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain this application and not to limit it. For those skilled in the art, this application can be implemented without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely to provide a better understanding of this application by illustrating examples.

[0025] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0026] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0027] Various modifications and variations can be made to this application without departing from its spirit or scope, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, this application is intended to cover modifications and variations falling within the scope of the corresponding claims (the claimed technical solutions) and their equivalents. It should be noted that the embodiments provided in this application can be combined with each other without contradiction.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a temporary plugging agent delivery device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1As shown, the temporary plugging agent delivery device 100 includes: a delivery pipeline 110, multiple temporary plugging agent chambers 120, and a hydraulic control module 130. The delivery pipeline 110 has flange connections at both ends, which connect to external pipelines. For example, using matching bolts, gaskets, and other connectors, it is securely connected to the high-pressure injection pipeline used in fracturing operations. This flange connection method features convenient installation, a strong connection, and good sealing, ensuring that no leakage occurs between the delivery pipeline and the high-pressure injection pipeline during the high-pressure fracturing fluid delivery process, guaranteeing that the temporary plugging agent can be smoothly and safely delivered downhole.

[0029] According to one embodiment of this application, the diameter of the delivery pipeline 110 is 100-200 mm. With the increasing prevalence of factory-style fracturing in unconventional oil and gas production platform wells, improving fracturing efficiency has become crucial. High-pressure injection pipelines for fracturing have abandoned traditional 3” 1502 or 3” 2002 pipeline connections, widely adopting large-diameter pipelines with inner diameters of 130 mm or 180 mm. To adapt to this change, the diameter of the delivery pipeline 110 is set to 100-200 mm, which is compatible with current mainstream high-pressure injection pipelines. Preferably, the diameter of the delivery pipeline 110 is 130 mm or 180 mm.

[0030] Multiple temporary plugging agent chambers 120 are vertically connected to delivery pipes 110, allowing the temporary plugging agent in the chambers to fall into the delivery pipes under gravity, thus dispensing the temporary plugging agent. Each temporary plugging agent chamber 120 is equipped with an independently controlled hydraulic valve 121 between itself and the delivery pipe 110. This design allows each temporary plugging agent chamber to function as an independent temporary plugging agent storage and delivery unit. The temporary plugging agent chambers 120 are used to hold a predetermined quantity of temporary plugging agent, including one or more of granular, ball, and powdered temporary plugging agents.

[0031] The system features multiple independent temporary plugging agent compartments (120), allowing for flexible selection of different types and quantities of temporary plugging agents during construction, based on actual needs. For example, in certain complex formation conditions, it may be necessary to first deliver a batch of granular temporary plugging agents, followed by temporary plugging balls. This multi-compartment, multi-type temporary plugging agent storage method better meets diverse fracturing construction needs and improves the application effect of temporary plugging diversion technology.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 has a cylindrical structure with a conical constriction at the bottom. This conical constriction is connected to the delivery pipe 110 via a connecting pipe 122, and a hydraulic valve 121 is located at the connecting pipe 122. The cylindrical main structure provides a large storage space, capable of holding a large amount of temporary plugging agent. The conical constriction at the bottom guides the flow of the temporary plugging agent. When temporary plugging agent needs to be released, it naturally gathers towards the conical constriction under gravity, facilitating its entry into the connecting pipe 122. The temporary plugging agent chamber has a diameter of 300mm-350mm and a height of 800-1000mm, capable of holding 30-80 liters of temporary plugging agent, significantly increasing the capacity of a single chamber.

[0033] According to one embodiment of this application, a helical guide rib and an ultrasonic transducer (not shown) are provided inside the temporary plugging agent chamber 120. The helical guide rib is fixed on the axis of the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 to guide the temporary plugging agent to fall spirally. The ultrasonic transducer is fixed on the inner wall of the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 and can vibrate at high frequency to eliminate temporary plugging agent residue. When the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 needs to be injected, the temporary plugging agent begins to fall under the action of gravity. At this time, the helical guide rib plays a role in guiding the temporary plugging agent to fall spirally along its spiral-shaped surface, ensuring that the particulate temporary plugging agent can smoothly and stably enter the connecting pipe 122 and then be transported to the delivery pipe 110. For the temporary plugging agent residue on the inner wall of the chamber, the vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer can effectively peel it off and return it to the bottom of the chamber for subsequent cleaning or reuse.

[0034] According to one embodiment of this application, the hydraulic valve 121 is a hydraulic flat plate valve, and more specifically, the hydraulic valve can be a 3” hydraulic flat plate valve. Existing temporary plugging agent delivery devices all use plug valves for opening and closing. However, plug valves are prone to sealing problems during pressurized opening and closing, leading to problems such as failure of temporary plugging ball delivery or fracturing fluid leakage. The hydraulic flat plate valve, on the other hand, has a more reasonable sealing structure. During opening and closing, the flat valve plate and valve seat can achieve a tight fit, ensuring the stable and reliable delivery of the temporary plugging agent. Even under high pressure and high flow conditions, the hydraulic flat plate valve can maintain good sealing performance, ensuring accurate delivery of the temporary plugging agent as required.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 A sealing plug 123 is installed at the top of the temporary plugging agent compartment, which includes a union plug 1231, a pressure relief valve 1232 and a pressure gauge 1233. The union plug 1231 is threadedly connected to the top of the temporary plugging agent compartment 120 and is tightly installed at the top of the temporary plugging agent compartment 120 through the thread to maintain a stable storage environment for the temporary plugging agent in the compartment.

[0036] The pressure relief valve 1232 is installed on the union plug 1231 and is used to release pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber. As a key component ensuring the safe operation of the system, its function is to automatically open and release the pressure in the chamber when the pressure rises abnormally, preventing damage to the chamber or even safety accidents due to excessive pressure. For example, during fracturing operations, if the pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber suddenly rises and exceeds the safety threshold for some reason, the pressure relief valve 1232 will respond quickly to release the pressure and ensure system safety.

[0037] Pressure gauge 1233 is installed on union plug 1231 to detect the pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber and provide direct feedback of the pressure information to the operator. The operator can use the pressure data displayed on pressure gauge 1233 to promptly understand the storage status of the temporary plugging agent in the chamber. For safety reasons, when hydraulic valve 121 is closed and the pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 is greater than zero, the pressure must be reduced to zero using pressure relief valve 1232 before disassembling union plug 1231. This operating procedure effectively avoids accidents caused by unreleased pressure, ensuring the personal safety of the operator and the integrity of the equipment.

[0038] According to one embodiment of this application, each temporary plugging agent chamber 120 is equipped with a pressure balancer 124, which is used to balance the pressure between the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 and the delivery pipeline 110. The pressure balancer 124 includes a bypass pipe 1241 and a pressure balancing valve 1242. One end of the bypass pipe 1241 is connected to the pipeline of the temporary plugging agent chamber 120, and the other end is connected to the delivery pipeline 110 through the pressure balancing valve 1242. When the fracturing operation is in normal pumping mode, the fracturing fluid in the delivery pipeline 110 flows under high pressure. At this time, if the pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 is inconsistent with the pressure in the delivery pipeline 110, the pressure balancer 124 begins to function. The pressure balancing valve 1242 automatically adjusts its opening degree according to the pressure difference between the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 and the delivery pipeline 110. For example, when the pressure inside the delivery pipeline 110 is higher than the pressure inside the temporary plugging agent chamber 120, the pressure balancing valve 1242 will open appropriately, allowing the fracturing fluid in the delivery pipeline 110 to flow into the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 through the bypass pipe 1241, gradually increasing the pressure inside the chamber until the two pressures reach equilibrium.

[0039] The pressure balancer 124 perfectly solves the problem of pressure shock to the temporary plugging agent caused by excessive pressure difference, effectively protecting the temporary plugging agent in the chamber and preventing damage due to impact, ensuring that the temporary plugging agent can participate in fracturing operations in good condition. At the same time, it also reduces the risk of damage to equipment such as the temporary plugging agent chamber 120, connecting pipe 122, and hydraulic valve 121 caused by pressure shock, extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs.

[0040] The hydraulic control module 130 is connected to multiple hydraulic valves 121 via hydraulic lines 131. The hydraulic control module 130 is used to remotely and independently control the opening and closing states of the multiple hydraulic valves 121, enabling the delivery of temporary plugging agent in a single or multiple compartments. The hydraulic lines 131 can be made of high-pressure, corrosion-resistant materials to ensure the reliability and stability of transmitting hydraulic control signals.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic control module 130 also includes multiple hydraulic accumulators 132 and multiple hydraulic valve switches 133. The hydraulic accumulators 132 include pressure vessels for providing power to the hydraulic valve switches. The hydraulic accumulators 132 are connected to the hydraulic valve switches 133 via hydraulic lines. During connection, standard hydraulic joints and seals are used to ensure a tight connection without leakage, thus enabling the hydraulic accumulators 132 to effectively provide power to the hydraulic valve switches 133. The hydraulic valve switches 133 are connected to the hydraulic valves 121 via hydraulic lines 131, and the hydraulic valve switches 133 are used to control the opening and closing states of the hydraulic valves 121.

[0042] When the hydraulic control module 130 receives a command to control the opening and closing of the hydraulic valve 121, this command is first transmitted to the corresponding hydraulic valve switch 133. The control mechanism within the hydraulic valve switch 133 precisely controls the flow direction and flow rate of the high-pressure hydraulic oil from the hydraulic accumulator 132 based on the received signal. For example, when a signal to open the hydraulic valve 121 is received, the valve core and other components within the hydraulic valve switch 133 actuate, changing the flow path of the high-pressure working medium, allowing it to enter the actuator of the hydraulic valve 121, thus opening the hydraulic valve 121. Conversely, when a closing signal is received, the hydraulic valve switch 133 adjusts the hydraulic oil flow direction, resetting the actuator of the hydraulic valve 121 and closing the hydraulic valve 121. This precise control method enables remote and accurate control of the opening and closing state of the hydraulic valve 121. Of course, manual control of the hydraulic valve switch is also possible and is not restricted here.

[0043] The pressure vessel of the hydraulic accumulator and the high-strength, high-pressure-resistant, and corrosion-resistant hydraulic pipelines used for connection can withstand the harsh conditions of high pressure and high corrosion in fracturing operations, ensuring long-term stable operation in severe environments and reducing equipment failure and maintenance frequency. The hydraulic accumulator uses a pressure gauge to detect its internal pressure and determine whether energy storage operation needs to be initiated. Furthermore, remote control of the hydraulic valves eliminates the need for manual operation in high-pressure, hazardous areas, reducing safety risks, ensuring personnel safety, and minimizing construction problems caused by human error.

[0044] According to one embodiment of this application, the hydraulic control module 130 further includes a pressure sensor and a processor (not shown), with the pressure sensor electrically connected to the processor. The pressure sensor is installed in the target well to continuously detect the pressure value in the target well. The processor determines whether to open one or more hydraulic valves based on the pressure changes in the target well. When the pressure change reaches a preset threshold, the processor sends an opening or closing control signal to the corresponding one or more hydraulic valves according to a built-in control algorithm. In this way, precise delivery of temporary plugging agent in single or multi-compartment systems is achieved, improving the fracturing effect.

[0045] Furthermore, the pressure sensor monitors the pressure changes in the target well and calculates the pressure change rate. When the pressure change rate in the target well is negative, the hydraulic valve is immediately opened to deliver a temporary plugging agent into the target well. When the pressure change rate in the target well is negative, the system determines whether to open one or more hydraulic valves based on the pressure drop in the target well, thereby determining the type and amount of temporary plugging agent to be delivered.

[0046] The pressure sensor installed at the bottom of the target well accurately captures pressure data in real time and uploads it to the processor. The processor continuously records the transmitted pressure data and calculates the pressure change value at set time intervals (e.g., every minute). The pressure change rate is accurately calculated using the following formula:

[0047] Pressure change rate = (current pressure value - previous pressure value) / previous pressure value × 100%;

[0048] During fracturing operations on a target well, a negative pressure change rate indicates a decreasing pressure trend. If the pressure suddenly drops, the processor immediately determines that fracturing has formed. At this point, the processor rapidly sends an opening command to the hydraulic control module to open one or more hydraulic valves. Upon receiving the command, the hydraulic control module actuates one or more hydraulic valves to open.

[0049] Based on the fracturing principle that more fractures lead to greater pressure drop, this application uses extensive experimental data to obtain the relationship between pressure drop in the target well and the temporary plugging agent delivery strategy. To reduce the computational load on the processor and facilitate rapid response during field operations, this application sets the pressure drop into multiple levels, with different levels corresponding to different temporary plugging agent delivery strategies (type and amount of temporary plugging agent).

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a temporary plugging agent delivery device according to an embodiment of this application, filled with temporary plugging agent. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temporary plugging agent compartment after delivery in a temporary plugging agent delivery device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temporary plugging agent delivery device after the two temporary plugging agent chambers are delivered according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temporary plugging agent delivery device according to an embodiment of this application after the three temporary plugging agent chambers have been delivered. Figures 2-5 The No. 1 temporary plugging agent compartment was pre-filled with powdered temporary plugging agent, the No. 2 temporary plugging agent compartment was pre-filled with granular temporary plugging agent, and the No. 3 temporary plugging agent compartment was pre-filled with temporary plugging balls. Combined with... Figures 2-5 This application uses fracturing operations as an example to illustrate how different delivery strategies are determined based on the pressure drop. It should be noted that the temporary plugging agent delivery device of this application can be used not only in fracturing operations but also in unblocking operations of oil and gas wells; therefore, no limitation is made.

[0051] refer to Figure 3 When the pressure drop in the target well is detected to be 0-5%, 40-60 liters (approximately the volume of one temporary plugging chamber) of powdered temporary plugging agent is injected.

[0052] When the pressure drop falls within this range, only a few micro-cracks may form. The fine particles and high fluidity of the powdered plugging agent allow it to penetrate these micro-cracks more easily, achieving effective sealing. A relatively small dosage is sufficient to meet the initial sealing needs of these micro-cracks, avoiding waste caused by over-dosing.

[0053] refer to Figure 4 When a pressure drop of 5%-10% is detected in the target well, 40-60 liters (approximately the volume of one temporary plugging agent chamber) of powdered temporary plugging agent and 40-60 liters (approximately the volume of one temporary plugging agent chamber) of granular temporary plugging agent are injected.

[0054] When the pressure drop falls within this range, it indicates an increase in the number of cracks and a potential widening of their width. Particulate temporary plugging agents, with their relatively large particle size, can quickly form a sealing skeleton in wider cracks, playing a primary role in sealing. When combined with powdered temporary plugging agents, they can fill the gaps between particles and any potential micro-cracks, enhancing the sealing effect. The two work synergistically to adapt to the crack conditions at this point.

[0055] refer to Figure 5 When the pressure drop in the target well is detected to be 10%-15%, 40-60 liters (approximately the volume of one temporary plugging agent chamber) of powdered temporary plugging agent, 40-60 liters (approximately the volume of one temporary plugging agent chamber) of granular temporary plugging agent, and 50-80 temporary plugging balls (approximately the volume of one temporary plugging agent chamber) are injected.

[0056] At this pressure drop, there are numerous cracks, some of which may be quite large. Temporary plugging balls, with their large volume, can quickly seal larger cracks, preventing significant fluid leakage. Particulate plugging agents can fill the area around the plugging balls and other medium-width cracks, while powdered plugging agents further refine the seal, filling tiny gaps and forming a multi-layered sealing structure to effectively address complex crack conditions.

[0057] When a pressure drop of more than 15% is detected in the target well, administer 100-200 temporary plugging balls (approximately the volume of 2 temporary plugging agent chambers), 120-180 liters (approximately the volume of 3 temporary plugging agent chambers), and 40-60 liters (approximately the volume of 1 temporary plugging agent chamber) of powdered temporary plugging agent. If the pre-filled amount of one temporary plugging agent delivery device is insufficient to meet the delivery strategy, multiple temporary plugging agent delivery devices can be connected in series in the main pumping line to satisfy the delivery strategy.

[0058] A pressure drop exceeding 15% indicates an extremely complex and severe downhole fracture situation. A large number of temporary plugging balls can quickly seal the main large fracture channels, reducing fluid flow. Increasing the dosage of granular and powdered plugging agents is to comprehensively cover fractures of all sizes, forming a comprehensive, multi-layered plugging system to control the pressure drop trend to the greatest extent and ensure the safe and stable conduct of fracturing operations.

[0059] During the injection process, pressure changes are continuously monitored. If the pressure drop is not effectively contained, the injection amount of temporary plugging agent can be appropriately increased based on the actual situation. If the pressure returns to normal or stabilizes, injection can be suspended to avoid over-injection. This application predicts the number of fractures based on the pressure drop and pre-sets temporary plugging agent injection strategies corresponding to different pressure drop rates. It can accurately determine the type and injection amount of temporary plugging agent based on the actual fracture conditions, avoiding waste due to excessive injection or insufficient injection to achieve the desired sealing effect. This saves costs, ensures sealing effectiveness, and improves the quality and economic efficiency of fracturing operations.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a pumping system structure according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6As shown, the injection system 1000 includes: one or more sets of temporary plugging agent delivery devices 100, a pressure pump truck assembly 200, and a fracturing fluid tank assembly 300. The fracturing fluid tank assembly 300 is connected to a proppant truck (proppant truck 1 or proppant truck 2) via pipeline, providing fracturing fluid to the proppant truck. The proppant truck mixes the fracturing fluid with proppant (such as sand) to form a proppant-carrying fluid, allowing the proppant to enter the formation fractures along with the fracturing fluid, thus supporting the fractures. The proppant truck is connected to the pressure pump in the pressure pump truck assembly 200 via pipeline, used to transport the mixed proppant-carrying fluid to the pressure pump truck assembly. The pressure pump truck assembly 200 consists of multiple pressure pumps, providing high-pressure power to deliver the target fluid (fracturing fluid, proppant-carrying fluid, and / or temporary plugging agent) through the high-pressure injection pipeline, enabling it to overcome formation resistance and be injected into the oil and gas well formation to achieve the fracturing purpose.

[0061] The pressure pump unit 200 is connected to the temporary plugging agent delivery device 100 via a high-pressure pumping pipeline. The temporary plugging agent delivery device 100 can deliver the temporary plugging agent in the temporary plugging agent chamber 120 to the high-pressure pumping pipeline and then transport it to the unconventional oil and gas well. After the wellhead, the nozzle manifold, return tank, separator, and finally the flare are connected in sequence.

[0062] The nozzle manifold is used to regulate wellhead pressure and flow rate, control production parameters of oil and gas wells, and achieve operations such as throttling and pressure reduction of fluids by changing the nozzle size. The flowback tank collects the fluid returned from the well after fracturing, facilitating subsequent processing and analysis. It can monitor data such as the composition and flow rate of the flowback fluid to evaluate the fracturing effect. The separator is used to separate different components such as oil, gas, and water in the flowback fluid, allowing for separate metering, storage, and further processing of various resources. The flare is used to combust excess natural gas and other combustible gases separated during combustion, preventing their direct release into the atmosphere and causing safety hazards and environmental pollution.

[0063] In summary, this application achieves remote delivery of temporary plugging agents by controlling the opening and closing of the temporary plugging agent chambers through a hydraulic control module. The delivery process does not require pump shutdown, avoiding the risks and time losses associated with pump stoppages, and significantly improving operational safety and efficiency. The temporary plugging agent delivery device of this application is equipped with multiple temporary plugging agent chambers, capable of pre-storing various types of temporary plugging agents. The type of temporary plugging agent to be delivered can be flexibly selected according to different fracturing operation requirements, better adapting to diverse construction scenarios. Furthermore, multiple sets of temporary plugging agent delivery devices can be connected in series in the pumping system, effectively reducing fracturing waiting time caused by frequent temporary plugging agent loading, improving fracturing operation efficiency, and meeting the needs of a single pumping system for simultaneous fracturing operations of multiple oil and gas wells.

[0064] It should be understood that each block or combination thereof in a flowchart and / or block diagram may be implemented by computer program instructions, by special-purpose hardware performing the specified function or action, or by a combination of special-purpose hardware and computer instructions. For example, these computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device to form a machine that enables the implementation of the function / action specified in each block or combination thereof in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as executed by such processor. Such processor may be a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field-programmable logic circuit.

[0065] The functional blocks shown in the structural block diagrams of this application can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc.; when implemented in software, they are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. Programs or code segments can be stored in memory or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried on a carrier wave. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet or intranets.

[0066] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above or shown in the figures. The above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the described systems, devices, modules, or units can be referred to the corresponding processes in the method embodiments, and need not be repeated here. It should be understood that the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A bridging agent delivery device, characterized in that, The application relates to a temporary plugging agent delivery device. The temporary plugging agent delivery device comprises a delivery pipe, the two ends of which are provided with flange connection ends for connecting with external pipes; a plurality of temporary plugging agent chambers which are connected with the delivery pipe in the vertical direction, respectively, and a hydraulic valve is arranged between each temporary plugging agent chamber and the delivery pipe; a sealing plug is arranged at the top end of each temporary plugging agent chamber; and a hydraulic control module is connected with the plurality of hydraulic valves through hydraulic pipelines, and is used for remotely and independently controlling the opening and closing states of the plurality of hydraulic valves, so as to realize the delivery of temporary plugging agents in single chambers or multiple chambers. The temporary plugging agent chamber is in a cylindrical structure, the bottom end of the temporary plugging agent chamber is in a tapered closing structure, the tapered closing structure is connected with the delivery pipe through a connecting pipe, and the hydraulic valve is arranged at the connecting pipe. A pressure equalizer is arranged on each temporary plugging agent chamber, and the pressure equalizer comprises a bypass pipe and a pressure equalizing valve; one end of the bypass pipe is connected with the temporary plugging agent chamber, and the other end of the bypass pipe is connected with the delivery pipe through the pressure equalizing valve.

2. The bridge plug delivery apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The sealing plug comprises a plug and a pressure relief valve; the plug is threadedly connected with the top end of the temporary plugging agent chamber, and the pressure relief valve is arranged on the plug and used for discharging the pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber.

3. The bridge plug delivery apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The sealing plug further comprises a pressure gauge which is arranged on the plug and used for detecting the pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber; when the hydraulic valve is closed and the pressure in the temporary plugging agent chamber is greater than zero, the plug must be removed after the pressure is reduced to zero through the pressure relief valve.

4. The bridge plug delivery apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The hydraulic control module comprises a hydraulic energy accumulator and a hydraulic valve switch; the hydraulic energy accumulator comprises a pressure-resistant container and is used for providing power for the hydraulic valve switch; the hydraulic valve switch is connected with the hydraulic valve through a hydraulic pipeline, and is used for controlling the opening and closing states of the hydraulic valve.

5. The bridge plug delivery apparatus of claim 4, wherein, The hydraulic valve is a hydraulic gate valve.

6. The bridge plug delivery apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The pass of the delivery pipe is 100-200 mm.

7. The bridge plug delivery apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the temporary plugging agent chamber is 300-350 mm, and the height is 800-1000 mm.

8. The bridge plug delivery apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The application further relates to a temporary plugging agent delivery device.

9. The bridge plug delivery apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The temporary plugging agent delivery device comprises a pressure pump which is connected with a high-pressure pumping pipe and a pipe of a non-conventional oil and gas well through a high-pressure pump injection pipe, and is used for providing power for the high-pressure pump injection pipe to deliver target liquid; one or more groups of the temporary plugging agent delivery devices are connected in series in the high-pressure pump injection pipe, and the temporary plugging agents in the temporary plugging agent chambers are delivered to the high-pressure pump injection pipe and then to the non-conventional oil and gas well.

10. A pump priming system characterized by, ​ ​ ​

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