Automatic crankshaft polishing device based on self-adaptive pressure control

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic crankshaft polishing device based on self-adaptive pressure control, which belongs to the technical field of machining and particularly comprises a machine tool body, a polishing frame guide rail is mounted on the machine tool body, and a polishing belt component is mounted on the polishing frame guide rail; the polishing belt assembly comprises a fixing clamp, a polishing frame and a polishing belt, the polishing frame is installed on the polishing frame guide rail through the fixing clamp, a pressure detection device is installed on the polishing frame, the polishing belt is installed on the pressure detection device, and a laser scanner is further installed at the front end of the polishing frame. The laser scanner and the pressure detection device are respectively used for being connected with a machine tool controller. The polishing device is simple in structure, convenient to use and capable of monitoring the polishing force in real time and dynamically adjusting the feeding amount according to the annular force measurement sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an automatic crankshaft polishing device based on adaptive pressure control, belonging to the field of machining technology. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft is the most important component in an engine. It bears the force transmitted from the connecting rods and converts it into torque, which is then output through the crankshaft to drive other accessories on the engine. The crankshaft is subjected to the combined effects of centrifugal force from the rotating mass, periodically changing gas inertial force, and reciprocating inertial force, making its working environment quite complex. During crankshaft rotation, a good oil film needs to be established on the connecting rod journals and main journals using pressurized oil to ensure stable crankshaft operation. The surface roughness parameters of the connecting rod journals and main journals are extremely important indicators during the oil film establishment process, directly affecting the establishment of the oil film and determining the overall performance and lifespan of the engine. Currently, crankshaft polishing processes are mainly divided into two categories: manual polishing and traditional mechanical polishing.

[0003] Manual polishing relies on skilled workers to manually grind the curved surfaces of the crankshaft using hand-held polishing tools. However, due to the large weight of the crankshaft, frequent adjustments to the grinding angle are required during operation, resulting in long polishing times for individual journals and high labor intensity for operators. The polishing effect depends on the operator's experience, and the consistency of a single curved surface is poor across different parts, leading to significant fluctuations in surface roughness Ra, which severely affects the establishment of an oil film. To meet technical standards, calculations show that manual polishing of a single crankshaft can take as long as 8 to 16 hours, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale polishing.

[0004] Traditional mechanical polishing uses fixed flexible grinding heads or polishing equipment to achieve curved surface polishing through mechanical grinding. However, it has poor surface adaptability. Fixed-angle grinding heads cannot fit complex curved surfaces such as crankshaft connecting rod journals, main journal edges, and oil hole perimeters, easily creating polishing blind spots. It also lacks flexibility, as the mechanical pressure is not adjustable. Operators rely on experience and feel to operate, resulting in uneven polishing and even localized surface damage. Furthermore, it has high abrasive consumption, with traditional polishing achieving a utilization rate of less than 30% for various abrasives, leading to high costs per polishing session. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides an automatic crankshaft polishing device based on adaptive pressure control that is simple in structure, easy to use, and capable of dynamically adjusting the feed amount by real-time monitoring of polishing force using a ring-shaped force sensor.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is an automatic crankshaft polishing device based on adaptive pressure control, comprising a machine tool body, a polishing frame guide rail mounted on the machine tool body, and a polishing belt assembly mounted on the polishing frame guide rail; the polishing belt assembly includes a fixing fixture, a polishing frame, and a polishing belt, the polishing frame being mounted on the polishing frame guide rail via the fixing fixture, a pressure detection device mounted on the polishing frame, a polishing belt mounted on the pressure detection device, and a laser scanner mounted at the front end of the polishing frame, the laser scanner and the pressure detection device being respectively used to connect to the machine tool controller.

[0007] Preferably, the polishing belt is a high-density flexible diamond polishing belt.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure detection device includes three annular force sensors mounted on the polishing frame. The annular force sensors are arranged in a triangular pattern, and a support rod is installed in the central hole of each annular force sensor. The polishing belt is mounted on the three support rods and is in a taut state.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing clamp is an adjustable structure fixed by bolts, and the polishing frame is equipped with an adjustable handle.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following technical advantages: This invention can monitor the polishing force in real time and dynamically adjust the feed rate through a ring-shaped force sensor linked with a servo motor, avoiding over-polishing or under-polishing. Simultaneously, the use of a flexible polishing belt makes it easier to conform to the crankshaft surface. Furthermore, a laser scanner can detect the surface roughness in real time, allowing operators to control polishing time, adjust polishing pressure, and speed based on the detection data. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The right view. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0015] An automatic crankshaft polishing device based on adaptive pressure control includes a machine tool body 1, a polishing frame guide rail 2 mounted on the machine tool body 1, and a polishing belt assembly 3 mounted on the polishing frame guide rail 2. The polishing belt assembly 3 includes a fixing fixture 4, a polishing frame 5, and a polishing belt 6. The polishing frame 5 is mounted on the polishing frame guide rail 2 via the fixing fixture 4. A pressure detection device is mounted on the polishing frame 5, and the polishing belt 6 is mounted on the pressure detection device. A laser scanner 7 is also mounted at the front end of the polishing frame 5. The laser scanner 7 and the pressure detection device are respectively used to connect to the machine tool controller.

[0016] This invention employs a polishing frame guide rail 2 mounted on a machine tool body 1, with the guide rail 2 extending along the length of the machine tool body 1. A polishing belt assembly 3 is mounted on the polishing frame guide rail 2, enabling the polishing of the crankshaft on the machine tool body 1. The polishing belt assembly 3 utilizes a combination structure of a fixing fixture 4, a polishing frame 5, and a polishing belt 6. The polishing frame 5 is mounted on the polishing frame guide rail 2 via the fixing fixture 4, and the polishing belt 6 is mounted on the polishing frame 5 via a pressure detection device. By adjusting the position of the polishing frame 5, the polishing belt 6 is brought into contact with the crankshaft for polishing. The polishing belt 6 is a high-density flexible diamond polishing belt. The flexible polishing belt better adapts to the curved surface of the crankshaft, and by adjusting the contact position between the polishing belt and the curved surface of the crankshaft, the utilization rate of the abrasive is improved. The polishing belt 6 is mounted via a pressure detection device, which allows for real-time detection of the force between the polishing belt 6 and the crankshaft, facilitating dynamic adjustment of the feed rate and preventing over-polishing or under-polishing. Meanwhile, the laser scanner 7 can also monitor the curved surface of the crankshaft and detect the roughness of the polished surface in real time, which makes it easy for operators to control the polishing time, adjust the polishing pressure and speed based on the feedback of the detection data.

[0017] The pressure detection device includes three annular force sensors 8 mounted on the polishing frame. The annular force sensors 8 are arranged in a triangular pattern, and a support rod 9 is installed in the central hole of each annular force sensor 8. The polishing belt 6 is mounted on the three support rods 9 and is in a taut state. The support rods 9 are installed in the central holes of the annular force sensors 8, and the polishing belt 6 can be wound around the support rods 9. The polishing force is monitored by the pressure exerted by the polishing belt 6 on the crankshaft and the support rods 9 acting on the annular force sensors 8.

[0018] In addition, the fixing clamp 4 is an adjustable structure fixed by bolts, and the polishing frame 5 is equipped with an adjusting handle 10. By adjusting the tightness of the fixing clamp 4, the adjusting handle 10 can adjust the position of the polishing frame 5, thereby adjusting the polishing force between the polishing belt and the crankshaft.

[0019] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A crankshaft automatic polishing device based on adaptive pressure control, comprising a machine tool body, characterized in that: The machine tool body is provided with a polishing frame guide rail, and a polishing belt assembly is installed on the polishing frame guide rail; the polishing belt assembly comprises a fixing clamp, a polishing frame and a polishing belt, the polishing frame is installed on the polishing frame guide rail through the fixing clamp, a pressure detection device is installed on the polishing frame, the polishing belt is installed on the pressure detection device, and a laser scanner is further installed on the front end of the polishing frame; the laser scanner and the pressure detection device are respectively connected with a machine tool controller.

2. The crankshaft automatic polishing device based on adaptive pressure control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing belt is a high-density flexible diamond polishing belt.

3. The crankshaft automatic polishing device based on adaptive pressure control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure detection device comprises three annular force sensors installed on the polishing frame, the annular force sensors are arranged in a triangular shape, a supporting rod is installed in the center hole of each annular force sensor, the polishing belt is installed on the three supporting rods, and the polishing belt is in a tensioned state.

4. The crankshaft automatic polishing device based on adaptive pressure control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing clamp is a screw-fixed adjustable structure, and an adjusting handrail is installed on the polishing frame.

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