High-low combined precast beam modular template

Abstract

The utility model discloses a modular formwork for a high-low combined precast beam. The modular formwork comprises formwork assemblies symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the precast beam in the width direction. The formwork assembly comprises a foundation formwork piece and a heightening formwork piece, the heightening formwork piece is arranged at the upper end of the foundation formwork piece, and the heightening formwork piece and the foundation formwork piece are detachably connected. The foundation template piece comprises a first vertical part, a first horizontal part and a second vertical part, the bottom end of the first vertical part is connected with one end of the first horizontal part, and the other end of the first horizontal part is connected with the top end of the second vertical part; the heightening formwork piece comprises a third vertical part, a second horizontal part and a fourth vertical part, the third vertical part is arranged on one side of the first vertical part, the top end of the third vertical part is detachably connected with the top end of the first vertical part, the bottom end of the third vertical part is connected with one end of the second horizontal part, and the other end of the second horizontal part is connected with the top end of the fourth vertical part. The bottom end of the fourth vertical part abuts against the top end of the second vertical part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge construction, and in particular to a modular formwork for high and low combined precast beams. Background Technology

[0002] Highway engineering, municipal road engineering, and railway engineering commonly involve bridge construction. With the maturity of bridge construction technology, prefabrication is now widely used for small and medium-span bridges. Beams are prefabricated in a prefabrication yard, then transported to the site for installation using bridge erecting machines or cranes. Pre-installed reinforcing bars are then welded or tied on-site, and concrete is poured to integrate multiple unconnected beams into a single structure. Wet joints are crucial for load transfer in prefabricated beam structures and are also weak points during use. Traditionally, wet joints are typically 40cm to 80cm wide. Within this width, rebar tying or welding can meet structural load requirements and ensure structural safety. However, sometimes, due to bridge width constraints, some wet joints are less than 40cm wide, making rebar tying insufficient for structural load requirements. Before pouring concrete at the wet joint, a bottom formwork is usually required. The tying or welding of wet joints and the erection of formwork significantly reduce on-site construction speed, affect the appearance of the wet joints, and fail to meet the requirements for rapid bridge construction.

[0003] A seamless thin-slab precast beam structure with a post-cast top slab is proposed. It consists of conventional beams with a high top slab height, thin-slab low beams with a low top slab height, and a cast-in-place top slab that needs to be cast on-site. By changing the width of the precast beam flange and the beam height, a height difference is created between adjacent beams. This height difference provides sufficient buffer space for potential collisions and conflicts during beam installation, replacing the horizontal buffer space provided by wet joints. At the same time, the top slab flange is lengthened so that the flanges of adjacent beams overlap in some areas, thus achieving a formwork-free function.

[0004] However, for conventional beams and thin-plate low beams in the above structures, it is impossible to prefabricate both beam types using the same set of templates. Patent No. CN114434612A discloses a variable-parameter prefabricated T-beam template system. This system can freely adjust the cross slope according to the needs of the beam segments through lifting and adjusting screws and overlapping transverse diaphragm side formwork structures. It can adjust the beam end deflection angle through a T-beam end formwork structure that separates the driveway plate from the web plate and by setting different deflection angle types of web end simulation and designing the beam end deflection angle. It can freely adjust the template length through side formwork adjusting blocks and end formwork tie rod structures. The adjustment mechanism, through a combination of a fixed platform, a movable platform, an on-site adjustment section, a beam shoe bottom mold, and a side mold base, allows for free adjustment of the length of the precast platform. This enables the production of precast beams with different cross slopes, beam end angles, and beam lengths using the same set of platforms and templates. The produced precast beams are dimensionally accurate, easy to construct, and save on template investment. However, the patent does not address the possibility of variable precast beam height. In actual construction, two types of templates are still required for pouring conventional beams and thin-slab low beams, significantly increasing the operating costs of precast beam production. Therefore, improvements are necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a modular formwork for high and low combined precast beams that has a simple structure and reduces costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A modular formwork for high and low combined precast beams includes formwork components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the precast beam's width direction. Each formwork component includes a base formwork component and an extension formwork component, with the extension formwork component positioned above the base formwork component and detachably connected to it. Both the base formwork component and the extension formwork component are plate-like structures with their bottom ends bent towards the precast beam direction. The base formwork component includes a first vertical section, a first horizontal section, and a second vertical section. The bottom end of the first vertical section is connected to one end of the first horizontal section, and the other end of the first horizontal section is connected to the top end of the second vertical section. The extension formwork component includes a third vertical section, a second horizontal section, and a fourth vertical section. The third vertical section is positioned on one side of the first vertical section, with its top end detachably connected to the top end of the first vertical section. The bottom end of the third vertical section is connected to one end of the second horizontal section, and the other end of the second horizontal section is connected to the top end of the fourth vertical section. The bottom end of the fourth vertical section abuts against the top end of the second vertical section.

[0008] Furthermore, the first vertical part, the second vertical part, the third vertical part, and the fourth vertical part are all set in a vertical state, while the first horizontal part and the second horizontal part are both set in a horizontal state.

[0009] Furthermore, the first vertical section is provided with a plurality of first clearance grooves to avoid the reinforcing bars embedded in the precast beam. The plurality of first clearance grooves are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the first vertical section, and the top of the first clearance groove penetrates the top end wall of the first vertical section. The third vertical section is provided with a plurality of second clearance grooves, which are arranged corresponding to the plurality of first clearance grooves. The top of the second clearance groove penetrates the top end wall of the third vertical section.

[0010] Furthermore, a first bolt hole is provided at the top of the first vertical part, and a second bolt hole corresponding to the first bolt hole is provided on the third vertical part. The first bolt hole and the second bolt hole are connected by a fixing bolt.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom end of the second vertical section is provided with an inclined section that slopes away from the precast beam.

[0012] Furthermore, the connection position between the top of the first horizontal part and the second vertical part is set with a rounded corner structure, the fourth vertical part is flush with the second vertical part, and the bottom of the fourth vertical part is provided with an arc notch that matches the rounded corner structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the connection position between the top of the first horizontal part and the top of the second vertical part is set as a stepped groove structure, the fourth vertical part is flush with the second vertical part, and the bottom end of the fourth vertical part extends into the stepped groove structure and abuts against the bottom end of the stepped groove structure.

[0014] Furthermore, a first support frame is fixedly connected to the side of the basic template component away from the precast beam; a second support frame is provided at the bottom of the heightening template component, the second support frame is located between the first horizontal part and the second horizontal part, the top of the second support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second horizontal part, the bottom of the second support frame is parallel to the first horizontal part, and the bottom of the second support frame is placed at the top of the first horizontal part.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention, when producing thin-plate low beams, only requires symmetrically setting two basic template components, then using baffles at both ends along the length of the basic template components to block them, and finally pouring concrete between the two basic template components to obtain the thin-plate low beam. When producing conventional beams with a higher top slab height, simply place the heightening template component on the basic template component and fix the two together with bolts. Then, repeat the above production steps for thin-plate low beams with the basic template component equipped with the heightening template component to obtain a conventional beam. Its structure is simple and easy to operate. It can be combined and used according to production needs, eliminating the need to prepare two different templates for conventional beams and thin-plate low beams, effectively reducing the operating cost of precast beam production and bringing convenience to bridge construction operations. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A sectional view of the prefabricated effect of thin-plate low beams;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a sectional view showing the prefabricated effect of a conventional beam.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the first composite structure of the template components;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0023] Figure 6 A sectional view of the heightened template component;

[0024] Figure 7 This is the right-view structural diagram of the basic template component;

[0025] Figure 8 Right view structural diagram of the heightening template component;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the second combined structure of the template component;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of the local structure. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art to all other embodiments obtained without creative effort should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, this embodiment discloses a modular formwork for high and low combined precast beams, including formwork components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the width direction of the precast beam;

[0030] The template assembly includes a basic template 1 and an extension template 2. The extension template 2 is set on the upper end of the basic template 1 and the two are detachably connected. Both the basic template 1 and the extension template 2 are plate-shaped structures with their bottom ends bent towards the precast beam direction, so as to cast and form a thin plate low beam 7 and a conventional beam 8 of T-beam structure.

[0031] The basic template component 1 includes a first vertical part 101, a first horizontal part 102, and a second vertical part 103. The first vertical part 101 and the second vertical part 103 are both set in a vertical state, while the first horizontal part 102 is set in a horizontal state. The bottom end of the first vertical part 101 is connected to one end of the first horizontal part 102, and the other end of the first horizontal part 102 is connected to the top end of the second vertical part 103. That is, the end of the first horizontal part 102 away from the thin plate beam 7 is bent upward to form the first vertical part 101, and the end of the first horizontal part 102 close to the thin plate beam 7 is bent downward to form the second vertical part 103. The bottom end of the second vertical part 103 is provided with an inclined part 104 that is inclined in the direction away from the thin plate beam 7, which can increase the bottom end area of ​​the T-beam and improve the installation stability of the T-beam.

[0032] The height-increasing template 2 includes a third vertical part 201, a second horizontal part 202, and a fourth vertical part 203. The third vertical part 201 and the fourth vertical part 203 are both vertically positioned, while the second horizontal part 202 is horizontally positioned. The third vertical part 201 has a height of 20-30 cm, its length is the same as the first vertical part 101, its height is lower than the first vertical part 101, and its top is flush with the top of the first vertical part 101. The third vertical part 201 is located on one side of the first vertical part 101. The top of the first vertical part 101 has a first bolt hole 108, and the third vertical part 201 has a bolt hole 108. The second bolt hole 206 corresponding to 08 is connected to the first bolt hole 108 by a fixing bolt 6; the bottom end of the third vertical part 201 is connected to one end of the second horizontal part 202, and the other end of the second horizontal part 202 is connected to the top end of the fourth vertical part 203; that is, the end of the second horizontal part 202 away from the conventional beam 8 is bent upward to form the third vertical part 201, and the end of the second horizontal part 202 close to the conventional beam 8 is bent downward to form the fourth vertical part 203, the fourth vertical part 203 is flush with the second vertical part 103, and the bottom end of the fourth vertical part 203 abuts against the top end of the second vertical part 103;

[0033] By combining basic template components and height-advancing template components to form template assemblies, when prefabricating T-beam structures for conventional beams and thin-plate low beams, height-advancing template components can be selectively installed according to height requirements, ultimately forming template assembly structures of different heights. During formwork erection, the two selected template assemblies are respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of the prefabricated beam, and baffles are set on both sides of the length direction of the prefabricated beam for enclosure. The bottom of the prefabricated beam is enclosed by the ground or base plate, ultimately forming a casting cavity with an open top. After the concrete is poured and solidified, a T-beam of the required height is formed.

[0034] The first vertical part 101 is provided with a plurality of first clearance grooves 107 to avoid the steel bars 5 embedded in the precast beam. The plurality of first clearance grooves 107 are arranged sequentially along the length direction of the first vertical part 101, and the top of the first clearance groove 107 penetrates the top end wall of the first vertical part 101. The third vertical part 201 is provided with a plurality of second clearance grooves 205, which are arranged corresponding to the plurality of first clearance grooves 107. The top of the second clearance groove 205 penetrates the top end wall of the third vertical part 201.

[0035] When casting precast beams, reinforcing bars need to be pre-embedded at the ends of the precast beams to enhance the structural strength of the precast beams and facilitate a stable connection with adjacent bridges during installation. When pre-embedding the reinforcing bars, part of the bars is embedded within the precast beam, while the other part extends outwards through the clearance groove. In the production of conventional beams, the reinforcing bars need to pass through the second and first clearance grooves sequentially. In the production of thin-plate, low-profile beams, only the first clearance groove needs to be passed through. The first and second clearance grooves not only allow for clearance of the reinforcing bars but also limit their position, providing assistance for the pre-embedding operation and further improving the effectiveness of this invention.

[0036] The basic template 1 is fixedly connected to a first support frame 3 on the side away from the thin plate beam 7; the bottom of the heightening template 2 is provided with a second support frame 4, which is located between the first horizontal part 102 and the second horizontal part 202. The top of the second support frame 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second horizontal part 202, and the bottom of the second support frame 4 is parallel to the first horizontal part 102. The bottom of the second support frame 4 is placed on the top of the first horizontal part 102, and the bottom of the second support frame 4 is in contact with the top surface of the first horizontal part 102 to ensure sufficient support for the heightening template 2.

[0037] The first support frame is mainly used to fix the basic formwork components on the ground, which facilitates the formwork erection operation of the basic formwork components; the second support frame provides stable support for the raised formwork components on the basis of the basic formwork components, which improves the support effect of the basic formwork components on the raised formwork components, and at the same time improves the stability of the connection structure between the basic formwork components and the raised formwork components.

[0038] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the connection position between the top of the first horizontal part 102 and the second vertical part 103 is set as a rounded corner structure 105. The fourth vertical part 203 is flush with the second vertical part 103. The bottom of the fourth vertical part 203 is provided with an arc notch 204 and the arc notch 204 is adapted to the rounded corner structure 105.

[0039] The design of setting the bottom of the fourth vertical part as an arc notch and connecting it with the rounded corner structure at the top of the second vertical part through the arc notch notch notch notches ...

[0040] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, in another embodiment, the connection position between the top of the first horizontal part 102 and the second vertical part 103 is set as a stepped groove structure 106. The fourth vertical part 203 is flush with the second vertical part 103. The bottom end of the fourth vertical part 203 is a planar structure. The bottom end of the fourth vertical part 203 extends into the stepped groove structure 106 and abuts against the bottom end of the stepped groove structure 106. The width of the stepped groove structure is slightly wider than the thickness of the fourth vertical part. After installation, there is still a certain space behind the stepped groove structure, which can be used to adjust the position of the heightening template to avoid misalignment.

[0041] The design uses a stepped groove structure to support the bottom of the fourth vertical section. Compared with the rounded corner structure, its support force is more stable and there will be no relative sliding between the contact positions of the second and fourth vertical sections. This improves the overall structural stability of the combination of the basic template and the heightening template, and further enhances the formwork support effect of the combination.

[0042] This invention, when producing thin-plate low beams, only requires symmetrically setting two basic template components, then using baffles at both ends along the length of the basic template components to block them, and finally pouring concrete between the two basic template components to obtain the thin-plate low beam. When producing conventional beams with a higher top slab height, simply place the heightening template component on the basic template component and fix the two together with bolts. Then, repeat the above production steps for thin-plate low beams with the basic template component equipped with the heightening template component to obtain a conventional beam. Its structure is simple and easy to operate. It can be combined and used according to production needs, eliminating the need to prepare two different templates for conventional beams and thin-plate low beams, effectively reducing the operating cost of precast beam production and bringing convenience to bridge construction operations.

Claims

1. A high-low combined precast beam modular formwork, comprising formwork assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the width direction of the precast beam; characterized in that: The template assembly comprises a base template piece and a height-increasing template piece, the height-increasing template piece is arranged on the upper end of the base template piece and the two are detachably connected; the base template piece and the height-increasing template piece are both plate-shaped structures that are bent towards the direction of the precast beam at the bottom end; the base template piece comprises a first vertical part, a first horizontal part and a second vertical part, the bottom end of the first vertical part is connected with one end of the first horizontal part, and the other end of the first horizontal part is connected with the top end of the second vertical part; the height-increasing template piece comprises a third vertical part, a second horizontal part and a fourth vertical part, the third vertical part is arranged on one side of the first vertical part, the top end of the third vertical part is detachably connected with the top end of the first vertical part, the bottom end of the third vertical part is connected with one end of the second horizontal part, the other end of the second horizontal part is connected with the top end of the fourth vertical part, and the bottom end of the fourth vertical part is abutted with the top end of the second vertical part.

2. The modular formwork for high-low composite precast beam according to claim 1, wherein: The first vertical part, the second vertical part, the third vertical part and the fourth vertical part are all arranged in a vertical state, and the first horizontal part and the second horizontal part are both arranged in a horizontal state.

3. The modular formwork for high-low composite precast beam according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of first avoiding grooves are arranged on the first vertical part to avoid the steel bars embedded in the precast beam, the plurality of first avoiding grooves are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the first vertical part, and the top end of the first avoiding groove penetrates through the top end end wall of the first vertical part; a plurality of second avoiding grooves are arranged on the third vertical part, the plurality of second avoiding grooves are correspondingly arranged with the plurality of first avoiding grooves, and the top end of the second avoiding groove penetrates through the top end end wall of the third vertical part.

4. The modular formwork for high-low composite precast beam of claim 1, wherein: The top end of the first vertical part is provided with a first bolt hole, the third vertical part is provided with a second bolt hole corresponding to the first bolt hole, and the first bolt hole and the second bolt hole are connected by a fixing bolt.

5. The modular formwork for high-low composite precast beam of claim 1, wherein: The bottom end of the second vertical part is provided with an inclined part inclined away from the precast beam.

6. The modular formwork for high-low composite precast beam of claim 1, wherein: The connection position of the first horizontal part and the top end of the second vertical part is arranged as a rounded corner structure, the fourth vertical part is arranged flush with the second vertical part, and the bottom end of the fourth vertical part is provided with a circular arc notch matched with the rounded corner structure.

7. The modular formwork for high-low composite precast beam of claim 1, wherein: The connection position of the first horizontal part and the top end of the second vertical part is arranged as a stepped groove structure, the fourth vertical part is arranged flush with the second vertical part, and the bottom end of the fourth vertical part is inserted into the stepped groove structure and abutted with the bottom end of the stepped groove structure.

8. The modular formwork for high-low composite precast beam of claim 1, wherein: The side of the base template piece away from the precast beam is fixedly connected with a first support frame; the bottom end of the height-increasing template piece is provided with a second support frame, the second support frame is arranged between the first horizontal part and the second horizontal part, the top end of the second support frame is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the second horizontal part, the bottom end of the second support frame is arranged parallel to the first horizontal part, and the bottom end of the second support frame is placed on the top end of the first horizontal part.

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