Excavation supporting structure for tunnel crossing water-rich stratum

Abstract

The utility model discloses an excavation support structure for a tunnel to pass through a water-rich stratum, which comprises a first pinnacle, the left side and the right side of the first pinnacle are respectively and fixedly connected with a second pinnacle, a drainage flow channel is formed between the second pinnacle and the first pinnacle, and the right sides of the first pinnacle and the second pinnacle are fixedly connected with two first upright posts; the left side of the first pinnacle and the left side of the second pinnacle are fixedly connected with two second stand columns, and the first stand column and the second stand columns are each provided with a funnel-shaped water draining groove. According to the utility model, the drainage channel is formed between the first pinnacle and the second pinnacle, so that a multi-layer drainage solution is realized. By means of the design, drainage of underground water is effectively accelerated, the risk of water accumulation in a water-rich stratum is reduced, and therefore the influence of water gushing on the stability of the tunnel structure is reduced, surrounding water is absorbed through the water absorption filling layer, the self weight is increased, and structure floating caused by rising of the underground water level is effectively resisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of support structure technology, and in particular relates to an excavation support structure for tunnels crossing water-rich strata. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the booming development of infrastructure construction, tunnel engineering, as an effective means of traversing complex geological conditions, is becoming increasingly important. In particular, when traversing strata rich in groundwater, effectively dealing with groundwater pressure and preventing water inrush and collapse have become key technical challenges in tunnel construction.

[0003] In existing technologies, the support structures for tunnels crossing water-rich strata mostly rely on a combination of external drainage systems and internal support systems, but often neglect the balance between drainage efficiency and structural adaptability. Traditional support structures are insufficiently designed to address the buoyancy problem caused by rising groundwater levels, which can easily lead to structural uplift and increase safety hazards. Furthermore, existing technologies are conservative in their material utilization, failing to fully leverage environmental factors such as the weight of water to create structural stability. Therefore, we propose an excavation support structure for tunnels crossing water-rich strata. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an excavation support structure for tunnels passing through water-rich strata. Water is diverted into the interior of the column through a drainage channel formed between the second and first peaks, and water-absorbing weight-increasing bags are supplied through downpipes and branch pipes, thereby increasing the weight of the column and stabilizing its structure.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows: an excavation support structure for a tunnel traversing a water-rich stratum includes a first apex, with second apexes fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the first apex, forming a drainage channel between the second apex and the first apex. Two first columns are fixedly connected to the right sides of the first and second apexes, and two second columns are fixedly connected to the left sides of the first and second apexes. Each of the first and second columns has a funnel-shaped drainage trough, with a drain pipe connected to the lower part of the funnel-shaped drainage trough. The lower left and lower right sides of the drain pipe are respectively connected to obliquely arranged branch pipes. The first and second columns have through holes for drainage from the branch pipes, and water-absorbing weight-increasing bags are fitted on the outer sides of the first and second columns.

[0006] Optionally, an overflow pipe is connected to the left side of the drain pipe, and the overflow pipe is located above the branch pipe.

[0007] Optionally, the water-absorbing weight-enhancing pack includes a plastic inner layer and an elastic plastic outer layer, with a water-absorbing filling layer between the plastic inner layer and the elastic plastic outer layer.

[0008] Optionally, the inner plastic layer has several through holes, and the water-absorbing filling layer is a cement-sand mixture layer.

[0009] Optionally, the first column and the second column are respectively provided with mounting grooves, and an insert is engaged in the mounting groove. An arched top is engaged on the upper part of the insert.

[0010] Optionally, a reinforcing rod is connected between the two first columns, and the reinforcing rod is connected to the first columns by bolts.

[0011] Optionally, a rectangular sleeve is fixedly connected to the first column, and a rectangular rod is fixedly connected to the second column, with one end of the rectangular rod extending into the interior of the rectangular sleeve.

[0012] Optionally, a motor and a fixing block are fixedly connected to the upper part of the rectangular sleeve, a lead screw is fixedly connected to the right end of the output shaft of the motor, the lead screw is connected to the fixing block by a thread, a push block is fixedly connected to the upper part of the rectangular rod, and the right end of the lead screw is connected to the push block by a bearing.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. A multi-layered drainage solution was achieved through the integrated design of the drainage channel formed between the first and second spires, and the funnel-shaped drainage troughs, drainage pipes, and branch pipes on the first and second columns. This design effectively accelerated the drainage of groundwater, reduced the risk of water accumulation in water-rich strata, and thus reduced the impact of water inrush on the structural stability of the tunnel. This efficient drainage mechanism improved construction safety, reduced collapse accidents caused by water pressure accumulation, and ensured the continuity and efficiency of tunnel excavation operations.

[0015] 2. The water-absorbing weight-increasing pack consists of a plastic inner layer, an elastic plastic outer layer, and a water-absorbing filling layer. The plastic inner layer has through-holes, while the water-absorbing filling layer is made of a cement-sand mixture. This design not only fully utilizes groundwater as a resource, increasing its weight by absorbing surrounding moisture through the water-absorbing filling layer, effectively resisting structural floating caused by rising groundwater levels and enhancing the stability of the support structure; but also, the presence of the elastic plastic outer layer ensures the durability and adaptability of the structure during water absorption and expansion, avoiding physical damage caused by water absorption and expansion. Simultaneously, the through-hole design of the plastic inner layer promotes uniform distribution and rapid absorption of moisture, optimizing the water absorption and weight-increasing effect.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1This is a first-view structural schematic diagram provided by this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a plan view provided by this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a second-view schematic diagram provided by this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the motor provided by this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the column provided by this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the water-absorbing and weight-increasing package provided by this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. First spire; 2. Second spire; 3. Drainage channel; 4. Funnel-shaped drain trough; 5. First column; 6. Water-absorbing weight-increasing pack; 61. Elastic plastic outer layer; 62. Water-absorbing filling layer; 63. Plastic inner layer; 7. Insert; 8. Second column; 9. Arched top; 10. Reinforcing rod; 11. Rectangular sleeve; 12. Rectangular rod; 13. Motor; 14. Fixing block; 15. Pushing block; 16. Lead screw; 17. Overflow pipe; 18. Drain pipe; 19. Branch pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To further understand the utility model content, features and effects of this utility model, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides an excavation support structure for a tunnel passing through a water-rich stratum. A second peak 2 is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the first peak 1, and a drainage channel 3 is formed between the second peak 2 and the first peak 1. Two first columns 5 are fixedly connected to the right sides of the first peak 1 and the second peak 2, and two second columns 8 are fixedly connected to the left sides of the first peak 1 and the second peak 2. Funnel-shaped drainage channels 4 are provided on both the first columns 5 and the second columns 8. A drain pipe 18 is connected to the lower part of the funnel-shaped drainage channel 4. An obliquely arranged branch pipe 19 is connected to the lower left and lower right sides of the drain pipe 18, respectively. Through holes for drainage of the branch pipe 19 are provided on the first columns 5 and the second columns 8. A water-absorbing weight-increasing bag 6 is fitted on the outer side of the first columns 5 and the second columns 8.

[0026] The design of drainage channel 3 between the first apex 1 and the second apex 2, which rationally guides water flow, is based on the common problem of water inrush during excavation in water-rich strata. The design of drainage channel 3 ensures that groundwater flows along a predetermined path, avoiding structural instability and increased construction difficulty caused by random seepage. This design reflects innovative thinking on water management during tunnel excavation, effectively alleviating groundwater pressure, reducing the risk of sudden water inrush events, and ensuring the safety of construction personnel and the smooth progress of the project.

[0027] The funnel-shaped drainage troughs 4 on the first column 5 and the second column 8 utilize the principle of funnel-shaped structures in physics to promote the rapid and concentrated descent of liquids, greatly improving drainage efficiency. The drain pipe 18 is connected to the obliquely arranged branch pipe 19, significantly improving the reliability and efficiency of the drainage system.

[0028] The water-absorbing weight-increasing packages 6 fitted onto the outer sides of the first column 5 and the second column 8 are an innovative application combining materials science and structural mechanics. By absorbing water and expanding in volume, the water-absorbing weight-increasing packages 6 increase the structure's self-weight, effectively counteracting the buoyancy of groundwater and preventing a decrease in stability caused by water pressure. This design strategy not only utilizes the site environment as a resource but also reduces the need for external reinforcement materials, making it an economical and efficient solution that embodies an environmentally friendly and sustainable design philosophy.

[0029] An overflow pipe 17 is connected to the left side of the drain pipe 18, and the overflow pipe 17 is located above the branch pipe 19.

[0030] By adding an overflow pipe 17 to the left of the drain pipe 18 and positioning it above the branch pipe 19, the potential overload problem of the drainage system under extreme precipitation conditions is effectively solved. When the main drainage system approaches saturation, the overflow pipe 17 automatically opens, directing excess water to a safe area, avoiding water accumulation inside the structure and potential collapse risks due to poor drainage. This design demonstrates a forward-looking consideration of drainage system redundancy, improving the adaptability and reliability of the entire support structure under extreme climatic conditions.

[0031] The water-absorbing weight-increasing package 6 includes a plastic inner layer 63 and an elastic plastic outer layer 61, with a water-absorbing filling layer 62 between the plastic inner layer 63 and the elastic plastic outer layer 61.

[0032] The inner plastic layer 63 has several through holes, and the water-absorbing filling layer 62 is a cement-sand mixture layer.

[0033] The water-absorbing weight-increasing pack 6 consists of a plastic inner layer 63, an elastic plastic outer layer 61, and a water-absorbing filling layer 62 in between. The through-pore design on the plastic inner layer 63 promotes rapid water molecule penetration, while the water-absorbing filling layer 62, made of a cement-sand mixture, not only ensures efficient water absorption but also effectively resists the uplift effect of groundwater buoyancy through increased weight. The ingenuity of this design lies in its utilization of environmental water as a natural stabilizer and its proactive adaptation to environmental changes through the rational selection of materials and structural design, greatly improving the stability and economy of the support structure.

[0034] The first column 5 and the second column 8 are respectively provided with mounting grooves, and the mounting grooves are fitted with inserts 7, and the upper part of the inserts 7 is fitted with an arched top 9.

[0035] A reinforcing rod 10 is connected between the two first columns 5, and the reinforcing rod 10 is connected to the first column 5 by bolts.

[0036] The mounting grooves and inserts 7 on the first column 5 and the second column 8 facilitate rapid assembly of the arched roof 9, enhancing the rigidity and stability of the overall structure. Furthermore, the connection through the reinforcing rods 10 further strengthens the link between the columns, enabling the support structure to withstand greater lateral pressure, making it particularly suitable for water-rich strata with complex geological conditions.

[0037] A rectangular sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the first column 5, and a rectangular rod 12 is fixedly connected to the second column 8, with one end of the rectangular rod 12 extending into the interior of the rectangular sleeve 11.

[0038] A motor 13 and a fixing block 14 are fixedly connected to the upper part of the rectangular sleeve 11. A lead screw 16 is fixedly connected to the right end of the output shaft of the motor 13. The lead screw 16 is connected to the fixing block 14 by a thread. A push block 15 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the rectangular rod 12. The right end of the lead screw 16 is connected to the push block 15 by a bearing.

[0039] The integration of the rectangular sleeve 11, rectangular rod 12, and drive system introduces an adjustable support scheme. This design not only allows for flexible adjustment of the support structure according to construction progress and geological changes, but also achieves precise positioning of the push block 15 through the precise control of the motor 13 and lead screw 16, ensuring the dynamic adaptability and construction accuracy of the support structure during construction, and greatly improving construction efficiency and safety.

[0040] The motor 13 can drive the lead screw 16 to rotate, which in turn drives the push block 15 to move, thereby adjusting the distance between the first column 5 and the second column 8.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An excavation support structure for tunneling through water-rich strata comprising a first roof (1), characterised in that: The left side and the right side of the first pointed roof (1) are fixedly connected with the second pointed roof (2), and a drainage channel (3) is formed between the second pointed roof (2) and the first pointed roof (1); the right side of the first pointed roof (1) and the second pointed roof (2) is fixedly connected with two first vertical columns (5); the left side of the first pointed roof (1) and the second pointed roof (2) is fixedly connected with two second vertical columns (8); a funnel-shaped downcomer (4) is arranged on the first vertical column (5) and the second vertical column (8); the lower part of the funnel-shaped downcomer (4) is connected with a downpipe (18); the lower left side and the lower right side of the downpipe (18) are connected with inclined branch pipes (19); the first vertical column (5) and the second vertical column (8) are provided with through holes for the drainage of the branch pipes (19); and the outer side of the first vertical column (5) and the second vertical column (8) is sleeved with a water absorption weight package (6).

2. A tunneling excavation support structure for use in the tunneling through water rich strata according to claim 1, wherein: The left side of the downpipe (18) is connected with an overflow pipe (17), and the overflow pipe (17) is arranged above the branch pipe (19).

3. A tunneling excavation support structure for use in the tunneling through water rich strata according to claim 1, wherein: The water absorption weight package (6) comprises a plastic inner layer (63) and an elastic plastic outer layer (61), and a water absorption filling layer (62) is arranged between the plastic inner layer (63) and the elastic plastic outer layer (61).

4. A tunneling excavation support structure for use in the tunneling through water rich strata according to claim 3 wherein: A plurality of through holes are arranged on the plastic inner layer (63), and the water absorption filling layer (62) is a cement-sand mixed layer.

5. A tunneling excavation support structure for use in the tunneling through water rich strata according to claim 1, wherein: The first vertical column (5) and the second vertical column (8) are respectively provided with mounting grooves, the mounting grooves are connected with embedded blocks (7), and the upper part of the embedded block (7) is connected with an arched roof (9).

6. A tunneling excavation support structure for use in the tunneling through water rich strata according to claim 1, wherein: The two first vertical columns (5) are connected with a reinforcing rod (10), and the reinforcing rod (10) is connected with the first vertical column (5) through bolts.

7. A tunneling excavation support structure for use in the tunneling through water rich strata according to claim 1 wherein: The first vertical column (5) is fixedly connected with a rectangular sleeve (11), the second vertical column (8) is fixedly connected with a rectangular rod (12), and one end of the rectangular rod (12) extends into the interior of the rectangular sleeve (11).

8. A tunneling excavation support structure for use in the tunneling through water rich strata according to claim 7, wherein: The upper part of the rectangular sleeve (11) is fixedly connected with a motor (13) and a fixed block (14), the right end of the output shaft of the motor (13) is fixedly connected with a lead screw (16), the lead screw (16) is connected with the fixed block (14) through threads, the upper part of the rectangular rod (12) is fixedly connected with a push block (15), and the right end of the lead screw (16) is connected with the push block (15) through a bearing. The upper part of the rectangular sleeve (11) is fixedly connected with a motor (13) and a fixed block (14), the right end of the output shaft of the motor (13) is fixedly connected with a lead screw (16), the lead screw (16) is connected with the fixed block (14) through threads, the upper part of the rectangular rod (12) is fixedly connected with a push block (15), and the right end of the lead screw (16) is connected with the push block (15) through a bearing.

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