Peripheral control assembly based on field effect transistor
By using peripheral control components based on field-effect transistors, the problem of automatic control functions in older or low-configuration vehicles has been solved, achieving automatic control without bus modification, reducing construction complexity and cost, and ensuring the accuracy of functions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, older cars or low-configuration models lack automatic peripheral control functions. Connecting sensors to the bus control requires large-scale modification of the wiring harness, resulting in complex and costly construction, which may damage the stability of the original vehicle's electrical system.
By employing peripheral control components based on field-effect transistors, automatic control of components such as windshield wipers and headlights is achieved through the combination of sensing and control circuits with field-effect transistors, avoiding the need for bus communication modifications. Data is collected using rain and light sensors to generate drive signals that control the field-effect transistors to control the operation of the components.
This upgrade enables automatic control functions without modifying the bus harness, reducing the difficulty of modifying the bus harness, ensuring the accurate implementation of automatic control functions, and improving the efficiency of the upgrade.
Smart Images
Figure CN224081958U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automatic detection technology, and in particular to a peripheral control component based on a field-effect transistor. Background Technology
[0002] In traditional automotive electrical systems, the control of peripherals such as headlights and windshield wipers primarily relies on manual operation or simple mechanical-electrical linkages. With the rapid development of automotive electronics technology, modern vehicles widely employ bus communication protocols such as Controller Area Network (CAN) to achieve complex peripheral control functions, such as automatic headlights and rain-sensing wipers. However, older or lower-spec vehicles lack these features.
[0003] The core of adding peripheral control functions is the sensor. However, current automotive rain and light detection sensors only have sensing capabilities and lack control functions, requiring connection to a bus for control. This necessitates a large-scale modification of the original vehicle wiring harness design, which is not only complex and costly but may also compromise the stability of the original vehicle's electrical system. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a peripheral control component based on a field-effect transistor, the main purpose of which is to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to implement the existing method of adding peripheral control functions to a car through sensor access to the car communication bus.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model first provides a peripheral control component based on a field-effect transistor, comprising:
[0006] The sensing and control circuit, control line, and sensor are provided. The signal input terminal of the sensing and control circuit is connected to at least one sensor with environmental acquisition function, and the signal output terminal of the sensing and control circuit is connected to at least one component to be controlled via the control line. A field-effect transistor is disposed on the control line.
[0007] The sensor is used to collect environmental data around the vehicle and send the signal corresponding to the environmental data to the sensing and control circuit.
[0008] The sensing and control circuit is used to generate a drive signal based on the signal, and send the drive signal to the field-effect transistor on the control line through the control line of the corresponding component to be controlled.
[0009] The field-effect transistor is used to control the component to be controlled according to the drive signal.
[0010] Furthermore, the component to be controlled includes a wiper motor, the sensor includes a rain sensor, the control line includes a wiper control line, the field-effect transistor includes a wiper control line field-effect transistor, and the sensing and control circuit is connected to the wiper motor through the wiper control line field-effect transistor;
[0011] The rain sensor is used to collect rain data on the windshield of the car and send the rain signal corresponding to the rain data to the sensing and control circuit.
[0012] The sensing and control circuit is used to generate a wiper drive signal based on the rainfall signal and send the wiper signal to the wiper control line field-effect transistor connected to the wiper motor.
[0013] The wiper control line field-effect transistor is used to control the oscillation or stop of the wiper based on the wiper drive signal.
[0014] Furthermore, the wiper control line includes a reset line, and the wiper control line field-effect transistor includes a reset line field-effect transistor;
[0015] The sensing and control circuit controls the wiper motor reset device through the reset line field-effect transistor.
[0016] The sensing and control circuit is used to generate a reset drive signal when the rainfall value represented by the rainfall signal is less than or equal to a first rainfall threshold, and send the reset drive signal to the reset line field-effect transistor to control the wipers to stop.
[0017] Furthermore, the wiper control line includes a low-speed line, and the wiper control line field-effect transistor includes a low-speed line field-effect transistor.
[0018] The sensing and control circuit is connected to the low-speed start-up terminal of the wiper motor through the low-speed linear field-effect transistor.
[0019] The sensing and control circuit is configured to generate a low-speed drive signal when the rainfall value is greater than the first rainfall threshold and less than the second rainfall threshold, and send the low-speed drive signal to the low-speed linear field-effect transistor to control the wiper to swing at a first speed.
[0020] Furthermore, the wiper control line includes a high-speed line, and the wiper control line field-effect transistor includes a high-speed line field-effect transistor;
[0021] The sensing and control circuit is connected to the high-speed start-up terminal of the wiper motor through the high-speed linear field-effect transistor;
[0022] The sensing and control circuit is configured to generate a high-speed drive signal when the rainfall value is greater than or equal to the second rainfall threshold, and send the high-speed drive signal to the high-speed linear field-effect transistor to control the wiper to swing at a second speed, wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed.
[0023] Furthermore, the component to be controlled includes a vehicle lamp, the sensor includes a light sensor, the control line includes a vehicle lamp control line, the field-effect transistor includes a vehicle lamp control line field-effect transistor, and the sensing and control circuit is connected to the vehicle lamp through the vehicle lamp control line field-effect transistor;
[0024] The light sensor is used to collect light data around the vehicle and send the light signal corresponding to the light data to the sensing and control circuit.
[0025] The sensing and control circuit is used to generate a lighting drive signal when the light value represented by the light signal is less than a preset light threshold, and send the lighting drive signal to the field-effect transistor of the vehicle light control line to control the vehicle lights to turn on.
[0026] Furthermore, the sensing and control circuit is also used to generate a light-off drive signal when the light value is greater than or equal to a preset light threshold, and send the light-off drive signal to the vehicle light control line field-effect transistor to control the vehicle lights to turn off.
[0027] Furthermore, the sensing and control circuit includes a microcontroller, a power module, a communication module, and a signal conditioning module;
[0028] The signal conditioning module is used to perform noise reduction and amplitude adjustment on the electrical signal sent by the sensor to obtain a conditioned signal, and then send the conditioned signal to the microcontroller.
[0029] The microcontroller is used to receive the signal from the sensor, generate a drive signal based on the environmental value represented by the signal, and send the drive signal to the field-effect transistor on the control line through the control line of the corresponding component to be controlled.
[0030] The communication module is used to receive configuration instructions or control instructions from the host computer.
[0031] The power module is used to supply power to the microcontroller, the communication module and the signal conditioning module.
[0032] Furthermore, the peripheral control assembly also includes a housing and a fastener connected to the housing;
[0033] The housing is used to house the sensing and control circuit and the sensor;
[0034] The housing is also provided with holes for leading out the control line;
[0035] The fastener is used to fix the housing to the target position on the vehicle.
[0036] This utility model provides a peripheral control component based on field-effect transistors. Whether it is adding automatic control functions to existing vehicles or upgrading low-end models during the production process, it avoids the modification and impact on the bus wiring harness caused by adding automatic control functions, greatly reducing the difficulty of modifying the automatic control functions of vehicles. At the same time, it also ensures the accurate implementation of automatic functions, thereby improving the efficiency of automatic control function modification.
[0037] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this utility model more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments of this utility model are given below. Attached Figure Description
[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0039] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of a peripheral control component based on a field-effect transistor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0040] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates another structural schematic of a peripheral control component based on a field-effect transistor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0041] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the connection between a peripheral control component based on a field-effect transistor and a windshield wiper device, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.
[0043] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model to achieve its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects according to this utility model application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.
[0044] The following is combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention describes a peripheral control component based on a field-effect transistor according to some embodiments thereof.
[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a peripheral control component based on a field-effect transistor is provided, including a sensing and control circuit 100, a control line 200, and a sensor 300. The signal input terminal of the sensing and control circuit 100 is connected to at least one sensor 300 with environmental acquisition function, and the signal output terminal of the sensing and control circuit 100 is connected to at least one component to be controlled through the control line 200. A field-effect transistor 400 is disposed on the control line 200.
[0046] The sensor 300 collects environmental data around the vehicle and sends the corresponding signals to the sensing and control circuit 100. The sensing and control circuit 100 generates a drive signal based on the signal and sends the drive signal to the field-effect transistor 400 on the control line 200, so that the field-effect transistor 400 can control the component to be controlled according to the drive signal.
[0047] In the above embodiments, environmental data includes light data, rainfall data, etc. The component to be controlled can be a vehicle component requiring automatic control, such as a windshield wiper or headlights. The sensing and control circuit is connected to the driving component of the corresponding component to be controlled via control lines, such as a windshield wiper motor or headlight battery. A field-effect transistor is connected in series on the control line. Different components to be controlled are connected to the sensing and control circuit via different control lines, and the same component can also be connected to multiple control lines. When the sensor feeds back a signal to the sensing and control circuit, the circuit sends a level signal to the field-effect transistor on the control line, causing the control line to conduct, thereby controlling the component to be controlled to perform the corresponding action.
[0048] It should be noted that the circuit functions of the peripheral control component based on field-effect transistors provided in this embodiment are mainly realized through the circuit connection relationships between various circuit modules, and do not depend on the program module in any particular circuit module. Furthermore, the various circuit modules in the peripheral control component based on field-effect transistors can be implemented using analog circuits or digital circuits, and for circuit modules that can have program modules embedded, their module functions can be implemented using program modules provided by existing technologies.
[0049] The peripheral control component based on field-effect transistors proposed in this embodiment integrates sensors, sensing and control circuits, and field-effect transistors. This enables automatic control via field-effect transistor control without relying on bus communication or requiring an additional controller. It is suitable for vehicles without a CAN bus communication system or for vehicles where a separate controller corresponding to the sensor is not desired. This avoids large-scale modifications to the original vehicle wiring harness when adding control functions, significantly reducing the difficulty of upgrading control functions and achieving lightweight peripheral control function installation.
[0050] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the components to be controlled include a wiper motor, the sensors include a rain sensor 310, the control lines include a wiper control line 210, the field-effect transistors include a wiper control line field-effect transistor 410, and the sensing and control circuit 100 is connected to the wiper motor through the wiper control line field-effect transistor 410.
[0051] Specifically, the rain sensor 310 collects rainfall data on the windshield of the car and sends the corresponding rainfall signal to the sensing and control circuit 100. The number of rain sensors 310 can be one or more, and this invention does not impose a specific limitation. After receiving the rainfall signal, the sensing and control circuit 100 generates a wiper drive signal based on the rainfall signal and sends the wiper drive signal to the wiper control line field-effect transistor 410 connected to the wiper motor. This causes the wiper control line 210 containing the wiper control line field-effect transistor 410 to conduct, i.e., controlling the oscillation or stopping of the wipers according to the wiper drive signal. The oscillation of the wipers can include oscillation at different speeds, i.e., the wiper motor speed is controlled by the wiper control line field-effect transistor to achieve different oscillation speeds. The control accuracy of the oscillation speed is determined by the number of motor speed control gears.
[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the wiper control line includes a reset line, and the wiper control line field-effect transistor includes a reset line field-effect transistor; the sensing and control circuit controls the wiper motor reset device through the reset line field-effect transistor.
[0053] Specifically, the reset drive signal is a high-level signal sent to the reset line. The sensing and control circuit determines the comparison result between the rainfall value represented by the rainfall signal and the first rainfall threshold. If the rainfall value is less than or equal to the first rainfall threshold, it indicates that the rainfall is very light and the wipers do not need to be activated. A high-level signal is then generated and sent to the field-effect transistor on the reset line connected to the motor reset device, thereby turning on the reset line and triggering the wiper motor to reset, allowing the wipers to return to their initial position. The first rainfall threshold is a rainfall value close to 0, which can be customized according to actual application requirements; this invention does not impose a specific limitation.
[0054] Furthermore, the wiper control line includes a low-speed line, and the wiper control line field-effect transistor includes a low-speed line field-effect transistor; the sensing and control circuit is connected to the low-speed start-up terminal of the wiper motor through the low-speed line field-effect transistor.
[0055] Specifically, the low-speed drive signal is a high-level signal sent to the low-speed line. If the sensing and control circuit determines that the rainfall value is greater than the first rainfall threshold and less than the second rainfall threshold, it indicates that the rainfall is small but the wipers are needed to remove the rainwater. In this case, a high-level signal is generated and sent to the low-speed line field-effect transistor to turn on the low-speed line, causing the wiper motor to rotate at a low speed and drive the wipers to swing at a first speed (low speed). The second rainfall threshold is greater than the first rainfall threshold and can be customized according to actual application requirements; this invention does not impose specific limitations.
[0056] Furthermore, the wiper control line includes a high-speed line, and the wiper control line field-effect transistor includes a high-speed line field-effect transistor; the sensing and control circuit is connected to the high-speed start-up terminal of the wiper motor through the high-speed line field-effect transistor.
[0057] Specifically, the high-speed drive signal is a high-level signal sent to the high-speed line. When the sensor and control circuit 100 determines that the current rainfall value is greater than or equal to the second rainfall threshold, indicating that the current rainfall is relatively heavy, it sends the generated high-level signal to the high-speed line field-effect transistor to turn on the high-speed line, thereby causing the wiper motor to rotate at high speed and drive the wipers to swing at a second speed (high speed) to quickly wipe away the rainwater on the car's windshield. The second speed is greater than the first speed.
[0058] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the components to be controlled include vehicle lights, the sensors include light sensors 320, the control lines include vehicle light control lines 220, the field-effect transistors include vehicle light control line field-effect transistors 420, and the sensing and control circuit 100 is connected to the vehicle lights through the vehicle light control line field-effect transistors 420.
[0059] Specifically, light sensors 320 positioned around the vehicle collect light data around the vehicle and send the corresponding light signals to the sensing and control circuit 100. The number of light sensors 320 can be one or more, and their placement can be on the periphery of the vehicle, away from the headlights; this invention does not impose specific limitations. After receiving the light signals, the sensing and control circuit 100 analyzes the light values represented by the signals and, if the light value matches a preset light threshold, generates a headlight-on drive signal (high-level signal). This signal is then sent to the headlight control line field-effect transistor 420 to activate the headlight control line 220, thereby turning on the headlights.
[0060] In the above embodiment, when the light value collected by the sensor is large, that is, the light value is greater than or equal to the preset light threshold, it indicates that the ambient light around the car meets the driving requirements. A headlight-off drive signal (low-level signal) is then generated and sent to the headlight control line field-effect transistor 420 to drive the headlights to turn off. By selecting a light sensor 320 in the peripheral control components, the ambient light conditions around the car can be collected. When the sensor detects that the light is dim and less than the preset light threshold, the sensing and control circuit drives the headlight control line field-effect transistor 420 to turn on the headlights. When the sensor detects that the light is bright, it turns off the headlights, thereby realizing the automatic headlight function.
[0061] In one embodiment, the sensing and control circuit includes a microcontroller, a power module, a communication module, and a signal conditioning module.
[0062] Specifically, the signal conditioning module performs noise reduction and amplitude adjustment on the electrical signals sent by the sensors to obtain a conditioned signal, which is then sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller receives the sensor signals and generates drive signals based on the environmental values represented by the signals. These drive signals are then sent to the field-effect transistors on the control lines of the corresponding controlled components. The signal conditioning model performs noise reduction and amplitude modulation on signals collected by different types of sensors separately, and the processing of signals from different types of sensors is parallel. For example, the signal conditioning module includes a rainfall signal conditioning unit and a light signal conditioning unit. The rainfall signal conditioning unit processes all rainfall signals collected by the rainfall sensor, and the light signal conditioning unit processes all light signals collected by the light sensor. For different controlled components, the drive signals sent by the microcontroller are parallel; that is, the wiper drive signal and the headlight drive signal (light on drive signal and light off drive signal) are parallel, thereby achieving independent and synchronous control of the wipers and headlights. The sensing and control circuit receives configuration or control commands from the host computer via a communication module, thereby receiving configuration commands for rainfall or light thresholds. The sensing and control circuit also includes a power supply module to power the microcontroller, communication module, and signal conditioning module.
[0063] In one embodiment, the peripheral control component further includes a housing and a fastener connected to the housing. A rain sensor, a light sensor, and sensing and control circuitry are integrated inside the housing. The sensing probes of the rain sensor and light sensor extend outside the housing to accurately collect ambient rainfall and light data. The housing also has holes for leading out control lines, which extend outside the housing through corresponding holes to connect to the corresponding control terminals of the component to be controlled. The housing is also connected to a fastener, which can be one or more, to secure the housing to a target location on the vehicle, enabling lightweight and convenient installation of the control component. The target location can be the inner surface of the vehicle's windshield or other suitable locations for configuring the peripheral control component; this embodiment does not specifically limit the location.
[0064] This utility model provides a peripheral control component based on field-effect transistors. This peripheral control component is suitable for the installation of automatic control functions in existing vehicles and the functional upgrade of low-end models during the production process. It avoids the modification and impact on the bus wiring harness when adding automatic control functions, greatly reduces the difficulty of modifying the automatic control functions of vehicles, and at the same time ensures the accurate implementation of automatic functions, thereby improving the efficiency of automatic control function modification.
[0065] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A field effect transistor based peripheral control component, characterized by, The sensor and control circuit comprises a sensor and control circuit, a control line and a sensor, a signal input end of the sensor and control circuit is connected with a sensor of at least one environment collection function, a signal output end of the sensor and control circuit is connected with at least one component to be controlled through the control line, wherein a field effect transistor is arranged on the control line; The sensor is used for collecting environmental data around the automobile and sending a signal corresponding to the environmental data to the sensor and control circuit; The sensor and control circuit is used for generating a driving signal according to the signal and sending the driving signal to the field effect transistor on the control line through the control line corresponding to the component to be controlled; The field effect transistor is used for controlling the component to be controlled according to the driving signal.
2. The field effect transistor-based peripheral control component of claim 1, wherein, The component to be controlled comprises a wiper motor, the sensor comprises a rain sensor, the control line comprises a wiper control line, the field effect transistor comprises a wiper control line field effect transistor, and the sensor and control circuit is connected with the wiper motor through the wiper control line field effect transistor; The rain sensor is used for collecting rain data on the front windshield of the automobile and sending a rain signal corresponding to the rain data to the sensor and control circuit; The sensor and control circuit is used for generating a wiper driving signal according to the rain signal and sending the wiper signal to the wiper control line field effect transistor connected with the wiper motor; The wiper control line field effect transistor is used for controlling the swing or stop of the wiper according to the wiper driving signal.
3. The field effect transistor-based peripheral control component of claim 2, wherein, The wiper control line comprises a reset line, and the wiper control line field effect transistor comprises a reset line field effect transistor; The sensor and control circuit controls a wiper motor reset device through the reset line field effect transistor; When the rain value represented by the rain signal is less than or equal to a first rain threshold, the sensor and control circuit generates a reset driving signal and sends the reset driving signal to the reset line field effect transistor to control the wiper to stop.
4. The field effect transistor-based peripheral control component of claim 3, wherein, The wiper control line comprises a low-speed line, and the wiper control line field effect transistor comprises a low-speed line field effect transistor; The sensor and control circuit connects a low-rotation speed starting end of the wiper motor through the low-speed line field effect transistor; When the rain value is greater than the first rain threshold and less than a second rain threshold, the sensor and control circuit generates a low-speed driving signal and sends the low-speed driving signal to the low-speed line field effect transistor to control the wiper to swing at a first speed.
5. The field effect transistor-based peripheral control component of claim 4, wherein, The wiper control line comprises a high-speed line, and the wiper control line field effect transistor comprises a high-speed line field effect transistor; The sensor and control circuit connects a high-rotation speed starting end of the wiper motor through the high-speed line field effect transistor; When the rain value is greater than or equal to the second rain threshold, the sensor and control circuit generates a high-speed driving signal and sends the high-speed driving signal to the high-speed line field effect transistor to control the wiper to swing at a second speed, wherein the second speed is greater than the first speed.
6. The field effect transistor-based peripheral control component of claim 1, wherein, The to-be-controlled component includes a car light, the sensor includes a light sensor, the control line includes a car light control line, the field effect transistor includes a car light control line field effect transistor, and the sensing and control circuit is connected to the car light through the car light control line field effect transistor. The light sensor is configured to collect light data around the car and send a light signal corresponding to the light data to the sensing and control circuit. The sensing and control circuit is configured to generate a light-on driving signal when a light value represented by the light signal is less than a preset light threshold value, and send the light-on driving signal to the car light control line field effect transistor to control the car light to turn on.
7. The field effect transistor-based peripheral control component of claim 6, wherein, The sensing and control circuit is further configured to generate a light-off driving signal when the light value is greater than or equal to the preset light threshold value, and send the light-off driving signal to the car light control line field effect transistor to control the car light to turn off.
8. The field effect transistor-based peripheral control component of claim 1, wherein, The sensing and control circuit includes a microcontroller, a power module, a communication module, and a signal conditioning module. The signal conditioning module is configured to perform noise reduction processing and amplitude adjustment on an electrical signal sent by the sensor to obtain a conditioned signal, and send the conditioned signal to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is configured to receive a signal of the sensor, generate a driving signal according to an environmental value represented by the signal, and send the driving signal to a field effect transistor on a control line corresponding to a to-be-controlled component through the control line. The communication module is configured to receive a configuration instruction or a control instruction of a host computer. The power module is configured to supply power to the microcontroller, the communication module, and the signal conditioning module.
9. The field effect transistor-based peripheral control component of claim 1, wherein, The peripheral control component further includes a shell and a fixing member connected to the shell. The shell is configured to accommodate the sensing and control circuit and the sensor. The shell is further provided with a hole for leading out the control line. The fixing member is configured to fix the shell at a target position of the car.