Fire extinguishing mechanism for battery and battery with fire extinguishing mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire extinguishing mechanism for a battery and the battery with the fire extinguishing mechanism. The fire extinguishing mechanism for the battery comprises a shell and a communication structure, the shell is provided with a fire fighting cavity for accommodating a fire extinguishing agent and a mounting cavity for accommodating the battery cell, and a gap is formed between the inner wall of the mounting cavity and the battery cell; the communicating structure is arranged on the shell, is located between the fire-fighting cavity and the mounting cavity, and has a triggering state for communicating the fire-fighting cavity with the mounting cavity and a separating state for separating the fire-fighting cavity from the mounting cavity; and when the battery core is on fire, the communication structure is switched from the cut-off state to the trigger state. According to the scheme, the fire extinguishing agent can enter the filling gap through the channel formed by the communication structure and is diffused in the filling gap, so that the coverage area of the fire extinguishing agent is enlarged, fire extinguishing can be performed on the battery cell at the channel of the communication structure, and preventive fire extinguishing can be performed on the battery cell at the peripheral position of the channel by virtue of the fire extinguishing agent; the fire extinguishing capacity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a fire extinguishing mechanism for batteries and a battery having a fire extinguishing mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] A battery is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and its working principle is based on electrochemical reactions. Batteries are prone to spontaneous combustion when accidentally overcharged, over-discharged, squeezed, punctured, or burned. To reduce the safety hazard of battery spontaneous combustion, fire extinguishing mechanisms are usually installed on batteries.

[0003] Publication number CN205542912U discloses a storage battery with a built-in fire extinguishing device. The fire extinguishing device is closely attached to the surface of the battery cell and includes a plastic shell. The plastic shell is filled with a mixture of carbon dioxide and ABC dry powder (ammonium phosphate dry powder) fire extinguishing agent. When the temperature reaches a certain level, the plastic shell will break open, and the mixture of carbon dioxide and ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent inside will be released to extinguish the fire.

[0004] However, because the plastic casing of the fire extinguishing device in this patent is in close contact with the surface of the battery cell, in the early stage of spontaneous combustion, the plastic casing breaks first near the fire source. At this time, the fire extinguishing agent can only extinguish the fire on the part of the battery cell directly opposite the broken plastic casing, with a limited coverage area. It cannot prevent fires from spreading to other parts, and the fire extinguishing effect needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a fire extinguishing mechanism for batteries. This addresses the technical problem that in the prior art, the plastic shell of the fire extinguishing device is tightly attached to the surface of the battery cell. In the early stages of spontaneous combustion, the plastic shell breaks first near the fire source. At this time, the extinguishing agent can only extinguish the fire at the location of the battery cell directly opposite the broken plastic shell, resulting in limited coverage and inability to prevent fires from spreading to other parts. The fire extinguishing effect needs to be improved.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This utility model provides a battery-based fire extinguishing mechanism, comprising:

[0008] The housing has a fire-fighting chamber for containing extinguishing agent and a mounting chamber for containing a battery cell, wherein a gap exists between the inner wall of the mounting chamber and the battery cell; and

[0009] A connecting structure is provided in the housing and located between the fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber, and has a trigger state that connects the fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber and a disconnection state that isolates the fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber;

[0010] When the battery cell catches fire, the connection structure switches from the isolation state to the trigger state.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery fire extinguishing mechanism further includes a fixing part, which is placed in the gap and presses against the inner wall of the battery cell and the mounting cavity respectively.

[0012] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the mounting cavity is spaced apart from the battery cell on the side near the fire-fighting chamber, and the other inner walls of the mounting cavity are in contact with the battery cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, multiple fixing parts are provided, and the multiple fixing parts are arranged at intervals.

[0014] In some embodiments, the housing further has a connection channel that connects the fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber;

[0015] The communication structure includes a communication valve, which is located in the connection channel and is capable of opening and closing the connection channel.

[0016] In some embodiments, the communication structure further includes an open flame sensor, which is disposed within the mounting cavity.

[0017] In some embodiments, the fire-fighting chamber is located above the mounting chamber; and / or,

[0018] The battery cell's terminals are located on the side closest to the connecting structure.

[0019] In some embodiments, the battery fire extinguishing mechanism further includes a buffer plate and a buffer elastic element, wherein the buffer elastic element connects the outer wall of the housing to the buffer plate.

[0020] In some embodiments, the housing includes a bottom shell and a cover plate, the fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber are formed in the bottom shell, and the fire-fighting chamber opens on the side away from the mounting chamber. The cover plate covers the opening of the fire-fighting chamber and is detachably mounted to the bottom shell.

[0021] In some embodiments, the mounting cavity has an opening on the side away from the fire-fighting cavity, and the housing further includes a base plate that covers the opening of the mounting cavity and is detachably mounted to the bottom shell.

[0022] Secondly, this utility model also provides a battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism, including a battery cell and a fire extinguishing mechanism for a battery as described in any of the above claims, wherein the battery cell is placed in the mounting cavity and has the gap between it and the inner wall of the mounting cavity.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the battery fire extinguishing mechanism provided by this utility model is triggered when the battery spontaneously combusts, and switches from the isolated state to the triggered state to connect the fire chamber and the installation chamber. The fire extinguishing agent in the fire chamber can enter the filling gap through the channel formed by the connecting structure and diffuse in the filling gap, thereby expanding the coverage area of ​​the fire extinguishing agent. Thus, it can not only extinguish the fire of the battery cell at the channel of the connecting structure, but also preventively extinguish the fire of the battery cell at the surrounding position of the channel with the help of the fire extinguishing agent, thereby improving the fire extinguishing capability. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram at point A (battery cell not shown);

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A front view of a battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Test diagram of a battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of the battery cell.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 1. Housing; 1a. Fire-fighting chamber; 1b. Mounting chamber; 1c. Filling gap; 1d. Connecting channel; 11. Bottom shell; 12. Cover plate; 13. Base plate; 13a. Fixing hole; 14. Connecting bolt; 15. Air intake pipe; 16. Hydrogen intake pipe; 17. Terminal block; 18. Handle; 19. Mounting strip; 2. Connecting structure; 21. Connecting valve; 22. Open flame sensor; 3. Battery cell; 31. Proton exchange membrane layer; 32. Catalyst layer; 33. Diffusion assembly layer; 34. End plate; 4. Fixing part; 5. Buffer plate; 51. Buffer elastic element; 6. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0033] To address the technical problem in existing fire extinguishing devices where the plastic casing is tightly attached to the surface of the battery cell, causing the casing to break open near the fire source in the early stages of spontaneous combustion, the extinguishing agent can only extinguish the fire at the point directly opposite the break in the casing, resulting in limited coverage and inability to prevent fires from spreading to other areas, thus improving the fire extinguishing effect, this invention provides a battery fire extinguishing mechanism that expands the coverage area of ​​the extinguishing agent. This allows it to extinguish fires not only at the passageways of interconnected structures but also to prevent fires from spreading to surrounding areas, thereby enhancing the fire extinguishing capability.

[0034] Please see Figures 1 to 3 , Figures 1 to 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery fire extinguishing mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention. The battery fire extinguishing mechanism includes a housing 1 and a connecting structure 2. The housing has a fire-fighting chamber for containing fire extinguishing agent and an installation chamber for containing battery cells. There is a gap between the inner wall of the installation chamber and the battery cells. The connecting structure is disposed in the housing and is located between the fire-fighting chamber and the installation chamber. It has a trigger state that connects the fire-fighting chamber and the installation chamber and a disconnection state that isolates the fire-fighting chamber and the installation chamber. When the battery cells catch fire, the connecting structure switches from the disconnection state to the trigger state.

[0035] In the battery fire extinguishing mechanism provided by this utility model, when the battery spontaneously combusts, the connecting structure 2 is triggered and switches from the isolated state to the triggered state to connect the fire chamber 1a and the installation chamber 1b. The fire extinguishing agent in the fire chamber 1a can enter the filling gap 1c through the channel of the connecting structure 2 and diffuse in the filling gap 1c, expanding the coverage area of ​​the fire extinguishing agent. Thus, it can not only extinguish the fire of the battery cell 3 at the channel of the connecting structure 2, but also preventively extinguish the fire of the battery cell 3 at the surrounding area of ​​the channel with the help of the fire extinguishing agent, thereby improving the fire extinguishing capability.

[0036] Specifically, in this scheme, the battery cell 3 is fixed inside the mounting cavity 1b, and at least the side of it closest to the connecting structure 2 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1b to form a gap. For ease of description, this gap is defined as the filling gap 1c.

[0037] In one embodiment, the battery fire extinguishing mechanism further includes a fixing part 4, which is placed in the gap and presses against the inner walls of the battery cell 3 and the mounting cavity 1b respectively.

[0038] In this embodiment, a fixing part 4 is placed in the filling gap 1c. The fixing part 4 forms the filling gap 1c between the battery cell 3 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1b, and at the same time limits the battery cell 3, fixing the battery cell 3 in the mounting cavity 1b to restrict the battery cell 3 from moving accidentally, improve the ease of assembly, and has a simple structure and low cost.

[0039] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1b is spaced apart from the battery cell 3 on the side near the fire-fighting cavity 1a, and the other inner walls of the mounting cavity 1b are in contact with the battery cell 3. Specifically, the side of the battery cell 3 near the connecting structure 2 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1b, and the other sides of the battery cell 3 are in contact with the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1b.

[0040] In this embodiment, a filling gap 1c is provided on the side of the battery cell 3 near the connecting structure 2 to shorten the travel distance of the extinguishing agent from the fire chamber 1a into the installation chamber 1b, thereby improving the extinguishing efficiency. It should be noted that the extinguishing agent can be at least one of carbon dioxide extinguishing agent, aerosol extinguishing agent, or dry powder extinguishing agent; specifically, the extinguishing agent in this embodiment is carbon dioxide extinguishing agent.

[0041] In one embodiment, multiple fixing parts 4 are provided, and the multiple fixing parts 4 are arranged at intervals.

[0042] In this design, multiple fixing parts 4 are provided and spaced apart to ensure both the flow performance of the extinguishing agent within the filling gap 1c and the installation stability of the battery cell 3. It should be noted that the specific form of the fixing parts 4 is not limited; they can be fixing blocks, fixing discs, or fixing arms. Specifically, in this design, the fixing block part is set in the form of a fixing block.

[0043] It should be noted that, in one embodiment, the connecting structure 2 is set as a plastic part on the housing 1. This plastic part can melt when facing a fire source and penetrate to form a channel, allowing the extinguishing agent to enter and fill the gap 1c. In another embodiment, the connecting structure is set as a movable plate on the housing 1, which connects and disconnects the fire chamber 1a and the mounting chamber 1b. It should be understood that the movable plate of the plastic part corresponds to the easily flammable part of the battery cell 3, and multiple movable plates can be provided.

[0044] In another embodiment, the housing 1 also has a connecting channel 1d, which connects the fire chamber 1a and the installation chamber 1b; the connecting structure 2 includes a connecting valve 21, which is located in the connecting channel 1d and can open and close the connecting channel 1d.

[0045] In this embodiment, the connecting structure 2 is configured as a connecting valve 21, which is placed in the connecting channel 1d. The connection and disconnection between the fire-fighting chamber 1a and the installation chamber 1b are achieved by opening and closing the connecting valve 21. Specifically, the connecting valve 21 in this solution is a solenoid valve.

[0046] In one embodiment, the connecting structure 2 further includes an open flame sensor 22, which is disposed in the mounting cavity 1b.

[0047] In this embodiment, a flame sensor 22 is installed in the mounting cavity 1b to monitor the status of the battery cell 3 in real time, allowing for rapid detection of a fire in the battery cell 3 and facilitating the opening of the connecting valve 21. Specifically, in this design, the flame sensor 22 is located in the filling gap 1c and is electrically connected to the controller 6 along with the connecting valve 21. The flame sensor 22 is model FS-5000E. Furthermore, the controller 6 is mounted on the outer wall of the housing 1 and is located on the upper side of the housing 1.

[0048] In one embodiment, the fire chamber 1a is located above the mounting chamber 1b; the wiring terminals of the battery cell 3 are located on the side closer to the connecting structure 2.

[0049] In this embodiment, the fire-fighting chamber 1a is positioned above the mounting chamber 1b to allow the extinguishing agent in the fire-fighting chamber 1a to quickly enter the mounting chamber 1b, thereby accelerating the fire extinguishing efficiency. Furthermore, since the terminals of the battery cell 3 are more prone to ignition, the terminal side of the battery cell 3 is positioned close to the connecting structure 2 to facilitate the rapid coverage of the fire source by the extinguishing agent. Two terminals 17 are provided on the outer side of the housing 1 corresponding to the terminals of the battery cell 3, forming a positive terminal and a negative terminal.

[0050] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The battery fire extinguishing mechanism also includes a buffer plate 5 and a buffer elastic element 51, with the buffer elastic element 51 connecting the outer wall of the housing 1 to the buffer plate 5.

[0051] In this embodiment, a buffer plate 5 and a buffer elastic element 51 are provided on the outer side of the housing 1. The buffer plate 5 expands the buffer force-bearing area, and the buffer elastic element 51 absorbs energy, reducing the risk of the battery catching fire due to external impact. It should be noted that the buffer elastic element 51 is one of a compression spring, a gas spring, and a leaf spring. Specifically, the buffer elastic element 51 in this solution includes multiple compression springs.

[0052] In one embodiment, the housing 1 includes a bottom shell 11 and a cover plate 12, a fire-fighting chamber 1a and an installation chamber 1b are formed in the bottom shell 11, and the fire-fighting chamber 1a has an opening on the side away from the installation chamber 1b. The cover plate 12 covers the opening of the fire-fighting chamber 1a and is detachably installed in the bottom shell 11.

[0053] In this embodiment, the cover plate 12 can be periodically detached from the bottom shell 11 to replace the extinguishing agent in the fire chamber 1a, ensuring the effective use of the extinguishing agent. It should be noted that the specific form of the detachable connection between the cover plate 12 and the bottom shell 11 is not limited. In one embodiment, the cover plate 12 and the bottom shell 11 are detachably connected by a snap-fit. In another embodiment, the cover plate 12 and the bottom shell 11 are detachably connected by a locking pin and a pin hole.

[0054] Specifically, in this design, the cover plate 12 and the bottom shell 11 are detachably connected by bolts. The cover plate 12 has mounting holes, and the corresponding bottom shell 11 has connecting screw holes. Connecting bolts 14 pass through the mounting holes and are screwed into the connecting screw holes to achieve the detachable connection between the two. Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the cover plate 12 and the bottom shell 11, and this sealing ring is arranged around the periphery of the fire-fighting chamber 1a.

[0055] In one embodiment, the mounting cavity 1b has an opening on the side away from the fire chamber 1a, and the housing 1 also includes a base plate 13, which covers the opening of the mounting cavity 1b and is detachably mounted on the bottom shell 11.

[0056] In this embodiment, the mounting cavity 1b is jointly enclosed by the base plate 13 and the bottom shell 11 to facilitate the removal and removal of the battery cell 3, thereby improving the ease of installation of the battery cell 3. It should be noted that the bottom shell 11 and the base plate 13 can be detachably connected via clips, locking pins, or bolts. Specifically, in this design, the bottom shell 11 and the base plate 13 are detachably connected via bolts. Furthermore, the base plate 13 is provided with four fixing holes 13a to facilitate the overall fixing of the battery to the external structure.

[0057] In one embodiment, a rotating handle 18 is provided on the upper side of the housing 1, and a receiving groove is provided on the outer side of the housing 1 corresponding to the handle 18, so as to receive the handle 18 through the receiving groove, thereby enabling the battery to be transferred by removing the handle 18, thus improving convenience.

[0058] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the housing 1 is provided with four air intake pipes 15 and four hydrogen intake pipes 16 corresponding to the battery cell 3, and the air intake pipes 15 and hydrogen intake pipes 16 extend into the interior of the battery cell 3. At the same time, a mounting strip 19 is provided on each of the opposite sides of the outer wall of the housing 1.

[0059] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 Cell 3 is the cell for the fuel cell. Cell 3 includes a proton exchange membrane layer 31. Catalyst layers 32 are fixedly connected to both sides of the proton exchange membrane layer 31. Diffusion layers 33 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two catalyst layers 32. End plates 34 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two diffusion layers 33. In use, the catalyst layers 32 on both sides of the proton exchange membrane layer 31 facilitate an electrochemical reaction between the fuel and air.

[0060] Furthermore, this utility model also provides a battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism. The battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism includes a battery cell 3 and the fire extinguishing mechanism for the battery as described above. The battery cell 3 is placed in the mounting cavity 1b and has the aforementioned gap with the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1b. It should be noted that the detailed structure of the fire extinguishing mechanism for the battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism can be referred to the above-described embodiments of the fire extinguishing mechanism for the battery, and will not be repeated here. Since the above-described fire extinguishing mechanism for the battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism is used in the battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism of this utility model, the embodiments of the battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism of this utility model include all the technical solutions of all the embodiments of the above-described fire extinguishing mechanism for the battery, and the achieved technical effects are also completely the same, and will not be repeated here.

[0061] To better understand this utility model, the following is combined with... Figures 1 to 6 The technical solution of this utility model is described in detail below:

[0062] In practical use, the battery is placed at the point of use using handle 18, and then mounted on the external structure through the fixing holes 13a on the base plate 13. The battery is then connected to the external circuit via the positive and negative terminals. When the battery is subjected to external impact, the buffer plate 5 and the buffer elastic element 51 can cushion the impact and reduce the impact pressure on the battery. Simultaneously, the equipment is equipped with a fire extinguishing structure. By controlling the opening and closing of the connecting valve 21, the fire extinguishing agent in the fire chamber 1a can be released in a timely manner to isolate and extinguish the fire, eliminating safety hazards.

[0063] The specific embodiments of this utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery-based fire extinguishing mechanism, characterized in that, include: The housing has a fire-fighting chamber for containing fire extinguishing agent and a mounting chamber for containing battery cells, wherein there is a gap between the inner wall of the mounting chamber and the battery cells; and A connecting structure is provided in the housing and located between the fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber, and has a trigger state that connects the fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber and a disconnection state that isolates the fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber; When the battery cell catches fire, the connection structure switches from the isolation state to the trigger state.

2. The battery fire extinguishing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery fire extinguishing mechanism also includes a fixing part, which is placed in the gap and presses against the inner wall of the battery cell and the mounting cavity respectively.

3. The battery fire extinguishing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the mounting cavity is spaced apart from the battery cell on the side closest to the fire-fighting chamber, and the other inner walls of the mounting cavity are in contact with the battery cell.

4. The battery fire extinguishing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing part is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple fixing parts are arranged at intervals.

5. The battery fire extinguishing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing also has a connecting channel that connects the fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber; The communication structure includes a communication valve, which is located in the connection channel and is capable of opening and closing the connection channel.

6. The battery fire extinguishing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The communication structure also includes an open flame sensor, which is located inside the mounting cavity.

7. The battery fire extinguishing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire-fighting chamber is located above the installation chamber; and / or, The battery cell's terminals are located on the side closest to the connecting structure.

8. The battery fire extinguishing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery fire extinguishing mechanism also includes a buffer plate and a buffer elastic element, wherein the buffer elastic element connects the outer wall of the housing to the buffer plate.

9. The battery fire extinguishing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes a bottom shell and a cover plate. The fire-fighting chamber and the mounting chamber are formed in the bottom shell, and the fire-fighting chamber opens on the side away from the mounting chamber. The cover plate covers the opening of the fire-fighting chamber and is detachably installed in the bottom shell.

10. A battery with a fire extinguishing mechanism, characterized in that, The device includes a battery cell and a fire extinguishing mechanism for a battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery cell is placed in the mounting cavity and has the gap between it and the inner wall of the mounting cavity.

Images