Integrated low-cost thermal management system based on nine-way valve

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated low-cost thermal management system based on a nine-way valve, which relates to the technical field of heat exchange, and comprises a refrigerant side subsystem and a cooling liquid side subsystem, the refrigerant side subsystem comprises a passenger compartment refrigerating loop, a cooler loop and a bypass loop; the cooling liquid side subsystem comprises a motor electric control cooling loop, a warm air cooling loop and a battery cooling loop; the refrigerant side subsystem and the cooling liquid side subsystem exchange heat through a water cooling condenser and a cooler, and dynamic reconstruction of a cooling liquid loop is achieved through a nine-way valve. The system has the advantages that the diversity of functional requirements of the whole vehicle can be met, electric control waste heat of the motor can be fully utilized, energy is saved, system pipeline connection is simple, and integration and modularization are facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to heat exchange technical field more specifically, it relates to an integrated low -cost heat management system based on nine valve. BACKGROUND

[0002] Current new energy automobile heat management system faces some technical bottlenecks.

[0003] First, the structural complexity problem: the traditional refrigerant circuit is configured with multiple electronic expansion valves, solenoid valves and complex pipe connections to meet the multiple functional requirements of throttling, on-off, flow direction control, etc., resulting in high redundancy and complex structure of the system.

[0004] Second, the modular compatibility defect: the existing integrated scheme is limited by the strong coupling of each functional circuit (such as the flow conflict when the battery heating and motor cooling share the heat exchanger), and when corresponding to the differentiated functional requirements of users, most of the pipe structures need to be restructured, the system refrigerant circuit configuration changes greatly, resulting in poor compatibility of the integrated modular scheme based on the complex refrigerant circuit.

[0005] Third, the low energy utilization rate: the motor electric control waste heat recovery rate is generally low, and the battery low-temperature heating still relies on PTC power consumption, resulting in large winter range loss and low energy utilization rate. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0006] In view of this problem in actual application, the utility model aims at providing an integrated low-cost heat management system based on nine-way valve, which can not only meet the diversity of vehicle functional requirements, i.e. the thermal comfort of passenger compartment and efficient heating battery, but also make full use of motor electric control waste heat, save energy, and the system pipe connection is simple, easy to integrate and modularize, the specific scheme is as follows:

[0007] An integrated low-cost heat management system based on nine-way valve, comprising:

[0008] A refrigerant side subsystem, comprising a passenger compartment refrigeration circuit, a cooler circuit and a bypass circuit, wherein: the passenger compartment refrigeration circuit is connected in sequence by the compressor outlet, water-cooled condenser, liquid tank, high-pressure side of heat exchanger, first electronic expansion valve, evaporator, low-pressure side of heat exchanger and returns to the compressor; the cooler circuit is connected in parallel with the passenger compartment refrigeration circuit and consists of a second electronic expansion valve and a cooler in series; the bypass circuit is connected in parallel with the passenger compartment refrigeration circuit and consists of the compressor outlet directly connected to the low-pressure side of the heat exchanger through a third electronic expansion valve;

[0009] The cooling liquid side subsystem includes a motor electric control cooling circuit, a warm air cooling circuit, and a battery cooling circuit, wherein: the motor electric control cooling circuit is connected in series by a radiator, a first electronic water pump, motor electric devices, and a nine-way valve; the warm air cooling circuit is connected in series by a third electronic water pump, a warm air core, a first check valve, a water-cooled condenser, and a water heater; and the battery cooling circuit is connected in series by a second electronic water pump, a battery pack, and a three-way proportional water valve.

[0010] The cooling liquid side subsystem and the refrigerant side subsystem exchange heat through the water-cooled condenser and the cooler, and realize dynamic reconstruction of the cooling liquid circuit through the nine-way valve.

[0011] Further, the nine-way valve has four operating modes:

[0012] Parallel mode in non-radiator working condition: the battery cooling circuit and the motor electric control cooling circuit independently operate, and the cooling liquid circulates after bypassing the radiator after the cooler;

[0013] Parallel mode in radiator intervention working condition: the battery circuit and the motor circuit are connected in parallel, and the cooling liquid of the motor electric control cooling circuit flows through the radiator for heat dissipation;

[0014] Series mode in low-temperature heat dissipation working condition: the battery cooling circuit and the motor electric control cooling circuit are connected in series, and the cooling liquid flows through the motor electric devices, the radiator, and the cooler in turn before returning to the battery pack;

[0015] Series mode in waste heat recovery working condition: the battery cooling circuit and the motor electric control cooling circuit are connected in series, and the cooling liquid bypasses the radiator and directly passes through the cooler for circulation.

[0016] Further, the three-way proportional water valve has three operating modes for adjusting the water flow ratio of the cooler and the water-cooled condenser.

[0017] Further, the refrigerant side subsystem is provided with:

[0018] A PT1 sensor for detecting high-pressure side pressure and temperature;

[0019] A PT2 sensor for detecting low-pressure side pressure and temperature;

[0020] A T1 sensor for monitoring the evaporator outlet temperature;

[0021] A T2 sensor for detecting the evaporator outlet air temperature;

[0022] A T3 sensor for monitoring the liquid tank outlet temperature.

[0023] Further, in the refrigerant side subsystem:

[0024] The compressor is a R134a and R1234yf universal electric scroll compressor, and POE lubricating oil is adopted;

[0025] The water-cooled condenser and the cooler are both plate heat exchangers;

[0026] The regenerator is integrated as a component of the cooler or is independently arranged;

[0027] The first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are all controlled by LIN bus.

[0028] Further, the cooling liquid side subsystem is provided with:

[0029] A T_01 sensor for monitoring the water heater outlet temperature;

[0030] A T_02 sensor for detecting the battery pack inlet water temperature.

[0031] Further, the system has five types of function modes, including a refrigeration mode, a heating mode, a dehumidification mode, a defrosting mode and a natural cooling mode.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0033] (1) the utility model discloses an integrated low-cost thermal management system based on a nine-way valve, and the system comprises a refrigerant side and a cooling liquid side, wherein: the refrigerant side only retains three electronic expansion valves, and cancels all other valves for throttling, on-off and controlling flow direction functions; the cooling liquid side realizes at least five types of function modes corresponding to 17 scene requirements through a nine-way water valve and a three-way proportional valve.

[0034] (2) the nine-way valve in the utility model has only four modes, and the nine-way valve has simple valve body structure and is easy to realize, has low design difficulty and high reliability.

[0035] (3) the application also has a hot gas bypass function, which can improve the heating capacity of an extremely low temperature system and reduce the water PTC power requirement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a mode schematic diagram of the nine-way valve in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a mode schematic diagram of the three-way proportional water valve in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 4 Working principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in different function modes;

[0040] Figure 5 Scene 1 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in refrigeration mode;

[0041] Figure 6 Scene 2 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in refrigeration mode;

[0042] Figure 7 Scene 3 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in refrigeration mode;

[0043] Figure 8 Scene 4_1 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in refrigeration mode;

[0044] Figure 9 Scene 4_2 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in refrigeration mode;

[0045] Figure 10 Scene 5 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in heating mode;

[0046] Figure 11 Scene 6_1 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in heating mode;

[0047] Figure 12 Scene 6_2 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in heating mode;

[0048] Figure 13 Scene 6_3 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in heating mode;

[0049] Figure 14 Scene 7_1 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in heating mode;

[0050] Figure 15 Scene 7_2 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in heating mode;

[0051] Figure 16 Scene 8 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in heating mode;

[0052] Figure 17 Scene 9 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in heating mode;

[0053] Figure 18 Scene 10_1 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in dehumidification mode;

[0054] Figure 19 Scene 10_2 principle diagram for the embodiment of the present application in dehumidification mode;

[0055] Figure 20 Scenario 11 principle diagram of the embodiment of the utility model under the dehumidification mode;

[0056] Figure 21 Scenario 12 principle diagram of the embodiment of the utility model under the dehumidification mode;

[0057] Figure 22 Scenario 13_1 principle diagram of the embodiment of the utility model under the dehumidification mode;

[0058] Figure 23 Scenario 13_2 principle diagram of the embodiment of the utility model under the dehumidification mode;

[0059] Figure 24 Scenario 14 principle diagram of the embodiment of the utility model under the defrosting mode;

[0060] Figure 25 Scenario 15 principle diagram of the embodiment of the utility model under the natural cooling mode;

[0061] Figure 26 Scenario 16_1 principle diagram of the embodiment of the utility model under the natural cooling mode;

[0062] Figure 27 Scenario 16_2 principle diagram of the embodiment of the utility model under the natural cooling mode;

[0063] Figure 28 Scenario 17 principle diagram of the embodiment of the utility model under the natural cooling mode.

[0064] Reference signs: 1, refrigerant side subsystem; 11, compressor; 12, water-cooled condenser; 13, liquid storage tank; 14, high-pressure side of regenerator; 15, low-pressure side of regenerator; 16, first electronic expansion valve; 17, evaporator; 18, second electronic expansion valve; 19, cooler; 110, third electronic expansion valve; 111, PT1 sensor; 112, PT2 sensor; 113, T1 sensor; 114, T2 sensor; 115, T3 sensor;

[0065] 2, cooling liquid side subsystem; 21, nine-way valve; 22, three-way proportional water valve; 23, first check valve; 24, second check valve; 25, first electronic water pump; 26, second electronic water pump; 27, third electronic water pump; 28, water heater; 29, motor electrical device; 210, radiator; 211, warm air core; 212, battery pack; 213, T_01 temperature sensor; 214, T_02 temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Clearly, the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application.

[0067] As shown in Figure 1 A low-cost integrated heat management system based on nine-way valve includes a refrigerant side subsystem 1 and a coolant side subsystem 2, specifically:

[0068] The refrigerant side subsystem 1 includes a compressor 11, a water-cooled condenser 12, a liquid storage tank 13, a heat exchanger, a first electronic expansion valve 16, an evaporator 17, a second electronic expansion valve 18, a cooler 19, a third electronic expansion valve 110, and connecting pipelines (not shown in the figure), and is provided with a PT1 sensor 111, a PT2 sensor 112, a T1 sensor 113, a T2 sensor 114, and a T3 sensor 115. The heat exchanger has a high-pressure side 14 and a low-pressure side 15.

[0069] The refrigerant side subsystem 1 includes a passenger cabin refrigeration circuit, a cooler circuit connected in parallel with the passenger cabin refrigeration circuit, and a bypass circuit, wherein: the passenger cabin refrigeration circuit includes the compressor 11, the water-cooled condenser 12, the liquid storage tank 13, the high-pressure side 14 of the heat exchanger, the first electronic expansion valve 16, the evaporator 17, and the low-pressure side 15 of the heat exchanger connected in sequence; the cooler 19 circuit is composed of the second electronic expansion valve 18 and the cooler 19 connected in series; the bypass circuit is directly connected by the compressor 11, the third electronic expansion valve 110, and the low-pressure side 15 of the heat exchanger.

[0070] In each component of the refrigerant side subsystem 1: the compressor 11, preferably a R134a and R1234yf universal electric scroll compressor 11, the lubricating oil is POE, which functions to compress the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into high-pressure gas, driving the refrigerant circulation; the water-cooled condenser 12, preferably a plate heat exchanger, which functions to condense the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into liquid refrigerant, transferring heat to the cooling water for heat dissipation (or providing hot water); the liquid storage tank 13, which is placed between the water-cooled condenser 12 and the electronic expansion valve, functions to store excess refrigerant, which can be integrated on the water-cooled condenser 12 or separately provided; the regenerator, including the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side, preferably a plate heat exchanger, which can be integrated on the cooler 19 or be an independent part, functions to improve the subcooling degree of the liquid refrigerant entering the electronic expansion valve and the superheating degree of the suction refrigerant of the compressor 11; the first electronic expansion valve 16, the second electronic expansion valve 18, and the third electronic expansion valve 110, all of which are preferably LIN-controlled, function to throttle the liquid refrigerant; the evaporator 17, preferably a tube-plate heat exchanger, functions to evaporate the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant formed after throttling by the first electronic expansion valve 16 into superheated gas by absorbing the heat of the air in the passenger compartment; the cooler 19, preferably a plate heat exchanger, functions to evaporate the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant formed after throttling by the second electronic expansion valve 18 into superheated gas by absorbing the heat of the water side; the PT1 sensor 111 is used to detect the pressure and temperature of the high-pressure side refrigerant of the system, the PT2 sensor 112 is used to detect the pressure and temperature of the low-pressure side refrigerant of the system, the T1 sensor 113 is used to detect the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the evaporator 17, and the T2 sensor 114 is used to detect the evaporator 17 outlet air temperature; the T3 sensor 115 is used to detect the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the liquid storage tank 13.

[0071] The cooling liquid side subsystem 2 includes a nine-way valve 21, a three-way proportional water valve 22, two one-way valves, three electronic water pumps, a water heater 28, motor and electrical devices 29, a radiator 210, a heating core 211, a battery pack 212, and connecting water pipes (not shown in the figure), and is provided with a T_01 temperature sensor 213 and a T_02 temperature sensor 214. Among them, the two one-way valves are a first one-way valve 23 and a second one-way valve 24, the three electronic water pumps are a first electronic water pump 25, a second electronic water pump 26, and a third electronic water pump 27, the radiator 210 has a cooling fan, and the heating core 211 is matched with a blower.

[0072] The cooling liquid side subsystem 2 includes a motor electric control cooling circuit, a warm air cooling circuit, and a battery cooling circuit, wherein: the motor electric control cooling circuit is composed of a radiator 210, a first electronic water pump 25, motor electrical devices 29, and a nine-way valve 21 in series; the warm air cooling circuit is composed of a third electronic water pump 27, a warm air core 211, a first check valve 23, a water-cooled condenser 12, and a water heater 28 in series; the battery cooling circuit is composed of a second electronic water pump 26, a battery pack 212, and a three-way proportional water valve 22 in series; and the three circuits are connected in parallel through the nine-way valve 21.

[0073] In addition, according to different modes of the nine-way valve 21, the battery cooling water circuit and the motor cooling water circuit form a series relationship with the cooler 19 respectively. That is: the nine-way valve 21 can be switched to a mode in which the battery cooling circuit is connected in series with the cooler 19, or a mode in which the motor cooling circuit is connected in series with the cooler 19.

[0074] Among the components of each circuit of the cooling liquid side subsystem 2:

[0075] Motor electric control cooling liquid circuit: the first electronic water pump 25 is used to drive the circulation of the cooling liquid, and the radiator 210 and the cooling fan thereof help the cooling liquid exchange heat with the ambient air to release the heat generated by the water-cooled condenser 12 and the motor electrical devices, or absorb the heat generated by the air and the motor electrical devices.

[0076] Battery cooling liquid circuit: the second electronic water pump 26 is used to drive the circulation of the cooling liquid, and the second electronic water pump 26 and the battery pack 212 form an independent circuit. The three-way proportional water valve 22 adjusts the proportion of the water flow in the direction of the cooler 19 or the water-cooled condenser 12 participating in the battery circulation to achieve the purpose of controlling the temperature of the battery pack 212.

[0077] Warm air core cooling liquid circuit: the third electronic water pump 27 is used to drive the circulation of the cooling liquid. In the heating mode, the warm air core 211 exchanges heat with the air in the passenger compartment using the hot water from the water-cooled condenser 12, and the water heater 28 is used to assist in heating the passenger compartment and the battery. The water heater 28 is provided with a T_01 temperature sensor 213 at the outlet.

[0078] Mode adjustment side: the nine-way valve 21 is used to adjust the flow direction of the cooling liquid, and the nine-way valve 21 has four operating modes.

[0079] The heat exchange relationship of the system of the present application includes: the refrigerant side and the cooling liquid side exchange heat through the water-cooled condenser 12 and the cooler 19; the refrigerant side and the air side exchange heat through the radiator 210 and the evaporator 17.

[0080] The thermal management system proposed in this application mainly employs a nine-way valve and a three-way proportional water valve to achieve various functional modes. Specifically, the nine-way valve has four operating modes: mode 1, mode 2, mode 3, and mode 4; the three-way proportional water valve has three operating modes: mode 1, mode 2, and mode 3. Figures 2-3 As shown, Figure 2 The image shows four operating modes of the nine-way valve. Figure 3 The operating principles of the three-way proportional valve are demonstrated.

[0081] Specifically, this application system implements five major functional modes: cooling mode, heating mode, dehumidification mode, defrosting mode, and natural cooling mode, such as... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This demonstrates the working principle of this application under different functional modes. These five categories of functional modes correspond to 17 scenarios, including:

[0082] Cooling mode:

[0083] Scenario 1, such as Figure 5 As shown: Single-crew compartment cooling

[0084] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 1, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is closed, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve is in control state, and the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed.

[0085] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator to absorb heat from the air in the passenger compartment. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0086] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 1

[0087] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The radiator and its cooling fan help the coolant exchange heat with the ambient air, releasing the heat generated by the water-cooled condenser and electrical components such as the motor to the external environment;

[0088] Battery coolant circuit: Battery pack self-circulation. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3;

[0089] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0090] Scenario 2, such as Figure 6 As shown: Crew compartment + battery cooling

[0091] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 1, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is closed, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are in control state, and the third electronic expansion valve is closed.

[0092] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first and second electronic expansion valves, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator and cooler respectively, absorbing heat from the cabin air and the coolant side of the cooler. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator and cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0093] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 1

[0094] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The radiator and its cooling fan help the coolant exchange heat with the ambient air, releasing the heat generated by the water-cooled condenser and electrical components such as the motor to the external environment;

[0095] Battery coolant circuit: The battery pack is in full external circulation, introducing the lower-temperature coolant flowing from the cooler into the battery pack. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1;

[0096] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0097] Scenario 3, such as Figure 7 As shown: Single cell cooling

[0098] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 1, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is closed, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is in control state.

[0099] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the second electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the cooler, absorbing heat from the coolant side. The refrigerant exiting the cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0100] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 1

[0101] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The radiator and its cooling fan help the coolant exchange heat with the ambient air, releasing the heat generated by the water-cooled condenser and electrical components such as the motor to the external environment;

[0102] Battery coolant circuit: The battery pack is in full external circulation, introducing the lower-temperature coolant flowing from the cooler into the battery pack. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1;

[0103] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0104] Scenario 4_1, such as Figure 8 As shown: Crew cabin cooling + battery heating mode

[0105] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 2, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is closed, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are in control state, and the third electronic expansion valve is closed.

[0106] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first and second electronic expansion valves, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator and cooler respectively, absorbing heat from the cabin air and the coolant side of the cooler. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator and cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0107] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 2

[0108] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The radiator and its cooling fan help the coolant exchange heat with the ambient air, utilizing the lower temperature of the coolant to absorb heat generated by the external environment and electrical components such as the motor;

[0109] Battery coolant circuit: The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in mode 2. Based on the battery pack's requirements, the higher-temperature coolant flowing from the water-cooled condenser is introduced into the battery pack;

[0110] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0111] Scenario 4_2, such as Figure 9 As shown: Crew cabin cooling + battery heating mode

[0112] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 4, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is closed, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are in control state, and the third electronic expansion valve is closed.

[0113] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first and second electronic expansion valves, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator and cooler respectively, absorbing heat from the cabin air and the coolant side of the cooler. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator and cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0114] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 4

[0115] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The coolant, at a lower temperature, absorbs the heat generated by the motor and other electrical components.

[0116] Battery coolant circuit: The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in mode 2. Based on the battery pack's requirements, the higher-temperature coolant flowing from the water-cooled condenser is introduced into the battery pack;

[0117] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0118] Heating mode:

[0119] Scenario 5, such as Figure 10 As shown: Crew cabin heat pump mode, battery self-circulation.

[0120] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 2, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump, and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is in control mode.

[0121] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the second electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the cooler, absorbing heat from the coolant side. The refrigerant exiting the cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0122] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 2

[0123] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. It utilizes the lower temperature of the coolant in the cooler to absorb heat generated by the external environment and electrical components such as the motor.

[0124] Battery coolant circuit: Battery pack self-circulation. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3;

[0125] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0126] Scenario 6_1, such as Figure 11 As shown: Crew cabin + battery heating mode

[0127] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 2, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is in control state.

[0128] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the second electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the cooler, absorbing heat from the coolant side. The refrigerant exiting the cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0129] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 2

[0130] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. It utilizes the lower temperature of the coolant in the cooler to absorb heat generated by the external environment and electrical components such as the motor.

[0131] Battery coolant circuit: The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2. According to the needs of the battery pack, the coolant with a higher temperature from the water-cooled condenser is introduced into the battery pack.

[0132] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0133] Scenario 6_2, such as Figure 12 As shown: Crew cabin + battery heating mode

[0134] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 4, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is in control state.

[0135] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the second electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the cooler, absorbing heat from the coolant side. The refrigerant exiting the cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0136] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 4

[0137] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The coolant, at a lower temperature, absorbs the heat generated by the motor and other electrical components.

[0138] Battery coolant circuit: The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2. According to the needs of the battery pack, the higher temperature coolant flowing out of the water-cooled condenser is introduced into the battery pack.

[0139] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0140] Scenario 6_3, such as Figure 13 As shown: Crew compartment + battery heating mode (hot air bypass)

[0141] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 4, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve is closed, and the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are in control state.

[0142] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. One path passes through the third electronic expansion valve for throttling and flows directly to the low-pressure side inlet of the regenerator; the other path enters the water-cooled condenser, where heat is transferred to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then passes through the second electronic expansion valve for throttling. The two-phase refrigerant passes through the cooler, mixes with the high-temperature refrigerant flowing out of the third electronic expansion valve, and then enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), finally returning to the compressor, thus achieving a hot gas bypass function.

[0143] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 4

[0144] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. It utilizes the lower temperature of the coolant in the cooler to absorb heat generated by the external environment and electrical components such as the motor.

[0145] Battery coolant circuit: The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2. According to the needs of the battery pack, the higher temperature coolant flowing out of the water-cooled condenser is introduced into the battery pack.

[0146] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0147] Scenario 7_1, such as Figure 14 As shown: Single-battery heating mode

[0148] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 2, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is in control state.

[0149] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the second electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the cooler, absorbing heat from the coolant side. The refrigerant exiting the cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0150] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 2

[0151] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. It utilizes the lower temperature of the coolant in the cooler to absorb heat generated by the external environment and electrical components such as the motor.

[0152] Battery coolant circuit: The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2. According to the needs of the battery pack, the coolant with a higher temperature from the water-cooled condenser is introduced into the battery pack.

[0153] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0154] Scenario 7_2, such as Figure 15 As shown: Single-battery heating mode

[0155] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 4, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is closed, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is in control state.

[0156] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the second electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the cooler, absorbing heat from the coolant side. The refrigerant exiting the cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0157] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 4

[0158] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The coolant, at a lower temperature, absorbs the heat generated by the motor and other electrical components.

[0159] Battery coolant circuit: The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2. According to the needs of the battery pack, the coolant with a higher temperature from the water-cooled condenser is introduced into the battery pack.

[0160] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0161] Scenario 8, such as Figure 16 As shown: Crew cabin heating (waste heat recovery)

[0162] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 4, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is in control state.

[0163] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the second electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the cooler, absorbing heat from the coolant side. The refrigerant exiting the cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0164] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 4

[0165] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The coolant, at a lower temperature, absorbs the heat generated by the motor and other electrical components.

[0166] Battery coolant circuit: Battery pack self-circulation. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3;

[0167] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0168] Scenario 9, such as Figure 17 As shown: Crew cabin heating, battery cooling mode

[0169] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 1, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is in control state.

[0170] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the second electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the cooler, absorbing heat from the coolant side. The refrigerant exiting the cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0171] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 1

[0172] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The radiator and its cooling fan help the coolant exchange heat with the ambient air, releasing the heat generated by the water-cooled condenser and electrical components such as the motor to the external environment;

[0173] Battery coolant circuit: The battery pack is in full external circulation, introducing the lower-temperature coolant flowing from the cooler into the battery pack. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1;

[0174] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0175] Dehumidification mode

[0176] Scenario 10_1, such as Figure 18 As shown: Low-temperature dehumidification

[0177] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 2, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are in control state, and the third electronic expansion valve is closed.

[0178] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first and second electronic expansion valves, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator and cooler respectively, absorbing heat from the cabin air and the coolant side of the cooler. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator and cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0179] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 2

[0180] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. It utilizes the lower temperature of the coolant in the cooler to absorb heat generated by the external environment and electrical components such as the motor.

[0181] Battery coolant circuit: Battery pack self-circulation. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3;

[0182] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0183] Scenario 10_2, such as Figure 19 As shown: Low-temperature dehumidification

[0184] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 4, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are in control state, and the third electronic expansion valve is closed.

[0185] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first and second electronic expansion valves, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator and cooler respectively, absorbing heat from the cabin air and the coolant side of the cooler. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator and cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0186] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 4

[0187] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The coolant, at a lower temperature, absorbs the heat generated by the motor and other electrical components.

[0188] Battery coolant circuit: Battery pack self-circulation. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3;

[0189] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0190] Scenario 11, such as Figure 20 As shown: Temperature and humidity control in the crew cabin

[0191] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 1, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve is in control state, and the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed.

[0192] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator to absorb heat from the air in the passenger compartment. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0193] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 1

[0194] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The radiator and its cooling fan help the coolant exchange heat with the ambient air, releasing the heat generated by the water-cooled condenser and electrical components such as the motor to the external environment;

[0195] Battery coolant circuit: Battery pack self-circulation. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3;

[0196] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0197] Scenario 12, such as Figure 21 As shown: Passenger cabin dehumidification + battery cooling mode

[0198] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 1, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are in control state, and the third electronic expansion valve is closed.

[0199] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first and second electronic expansion valves, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator and cooler respectively, absorbing heat from the cabin air and the coolant side of the cooler. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator and cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0200] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 1

[0201] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The radiator and its cooling fan help the coolant exchange heat with the ambient air, releasing the heat generated by the water-cooled condenser and electrical components such as the motor to the external environment;

[0202] Battery coolant circuit: The battery pack is in full external circulation, introducing the lower-temperature coolant flowing from the cooler into the battery pack. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1;

[0203] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0204] Scenario 13_1, such as Figure 22 As shown: Passenger cabin dehumidification + battery heating mode

[0205] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 2, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are in control state, and the third electronic expansion valve is closed.

[0206] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first and second electronic expansion valves, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator and cooler respectively, absorbing heat from the cabin air and the coolant side of the cooler. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator and cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0207] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 2

[0208] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. It utilizes the lower temperature of the coolant in the cooler to absorb heat generated by the external environment and electrical components such as the motor.

[0209] Battery coolant circuit: The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in mode 2. According to the needs of the battery pack, the coolant with a higher temperature from the water-cooled condenser is introduced into the battery pack.

[0210] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0211] Scenario 13_2, such as Figure 23 As shown: Passenger cabin dehumidification + battery heating mode

[0212] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 4, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are in control state, and the third electronic expansion valve is closed.

[0213] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the first and second electronic expansion valves, the two-phase refrigerant enters the evaporator and cooler respectively, absorbing heat from the cabin air and the coolant side of the cooler. The refrigerant exiting the evaporator and cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0214] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 4

[0215] Motor control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The coolant, at a lower temperature, absorbs the heat generated by the motor and other electrical components.

[0216] Battery coolant circuit: The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 2. According to the needs of the battery pack, the coolant with a higher temperature from the water-cooled condenser is introduced into the battery pack.

[0217] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0218] Defrosting mode

[0219] Scenario 14, such as Figure 24 As shown: Radiator defrosting

[0220] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 1, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1, the first electronic water pump, the second electronic water pump and the third electronic water pump are all running, the compressor is running, the first electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are closed, and the second electronic expansion valve is in control state.

[0221] Refrigerant side: The compressor draws in low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant from the low-pressure side of the regenerator, compresses it, and discharges it to the water-cooled condenser, where it transfers heat to the coolant side. The refrigerant then enters the high-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the low-pressure side), and then, through the second electronic expansion valve, the two-phase refrigerant enters the cooler, absorbing heat from the coolant side. The refrigerant exiting the cooler re-enters the low-pressure side of the regenerator (exchanging heat with the refrigerant on the high-pressure side), and finally returns to the compressor, completing the refrigeration cycle.

[0222] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 1

[0223] Motor-controlled coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive coolant circulation. The higher-temperature coolant helps melt the frost on the radiator surface; the front-end fan is not operating during this time.

[0224] Battery coolant circuit: The battery pack is in full external circulation, introducing the lower-temperature coolant flowing from the cooler into the battery pack. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1;

[0225] Heating core coolant circuit: The third electronic water pump operates to supply the higher-temperature coolant from the water-cooled condenser to the heating core for heating the passenger compartment.

[0226] Natural cooling mode

[0227] Scenario 15, such as Figure 25 As shown: Battery cools naturally.

[0228] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 3, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 1, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is closed, the compressor is closed, and the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are all closed.

[0229] Refrigerant side: No operational requirement;

[0230] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 3

[0231] Motor and electronic control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The radiator and its cooling fan help the coolant exchange heat with the ambient air, releasing the heat generated by the battery pack, motor, and other electrical components to the external environment;

[0232] Battery coolant circuit: The battery pack operates in a fully external circulation mode, introducing the coolant at a lower temperature from the radiator into the battery pack. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in mode 1.

[0233] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0234] Scene 16_1(16_2), such as Figures 26-27 As shown: Battery self-circulation + motor cooling

[0235] In scenario 16_1, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 1, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is off, the compressor is off, and the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are all closed.

[0236] In scenario 16_1, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 2, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is off, the compressor is off, and the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are all closed.

[0237] Refrigerant side: No operational requirement;

[0238] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 1 (nine-way valve mode 2)

[0239] Motor and electronic control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation. The radiator and its cooling fan help the coolant exchange heat with the ambient air, releasing the heat generated by the motor and other electrical components to the external environment;

[0240] Battery coolant circuit: Battery pack self-circulation. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3;

[0241] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0242] Scene 17, such as Figure 28 As shown: Battery self-circulation + motor self-circulation

[0243] At this time, the nine-way valve is in nine-way valve mode 4, the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3, the first electronic water pump and the second electronic water pump are running, the third electronic water pump is closed, the compressor is closed, and the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve are all closed.

[0244] Refrigerant side: No operational requirement;

[0245] Coolant side: Nine-way valve mode 4

[0246] Motor and electronic control coolant circuit: The first electronic water pump operates to drive the coolant circulation, helping to equalize the temperature of electrical components such as the motor;

[0247] Battery coolant circuit: Battery pack self-circulation. The second electronic water pump is running, and the three-way proportional water valve is in three-way proportional water valve mode 3;

[0248] Heater core coolant circuit: No operational requirement.

[0249] It should also be noted that the thermal management system of this application has other operating modes, which are not listed in detail here.

[0250] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated, low-cost thermal management system based on a nine-way valve, characterized in that, include: The refrigerant-side subsystem includes a passenger compartment refrigeration circuit, a cooler circuit, and a bypass circuit. Specifically: the passenger compartment refrigeration circuit connects sequentially from the compressor outlet to a water-cooled condenser, a liquid receiver, the high-pressure side of the regenerator, a first electronic expansion valve, an evaporator, and the low-pressure side of the regenerator, returning to the compressor; the cooler circuit is connected in parallel with the passenger compartment refrigeration circuit and consists of a second electronic expansion valve connected in series with the cooler; the bypass circuit is also connected in parallel with the passenger compartment refrigeration circuit and is directly connected from the compressor outlet to the low-pressure side of the regenerator via a third electronic expansion valve. The coolant-side subsystem includes a motor control cooling circuit, a heater cooling circuit, and a battery cooling circuit. Specifically: the motor control cooling circuit consists of a radiator, a first electronic water pump, motor components, and a nine-way valve connected in series; the heater cooling circuit consists of a third electronic water pump, a heater core, a first one-way valve, a water-cooled condenser, and a water heater connected in series; and the battery cooling circuit consists of a second electronic water pump, a battery pack, and a three-way proportional water valve connected in series. The refrigerant-side subsystem and the coolant-side subsystem exchange heat through a water-cooled condenser and cooler, and the coolant circuit is dynamically reconfigured through a nine-way valve.

2. The integrated low-cost thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nine-way valve has four operating modes: Parallel mode without radiator: The battery cooling circuit and the motor control cooling circuit operate independently, and the coolant flows through the cooler and then bypasses the radiator for circulation. Parallel mode under radiator intervention: The battery circuit and the motor circuit are connected in parallel, and the coolant in the motor control cooling circuit flows through the radiator for heat dissipation. Series mode under low temperature heat dissipation conditions: The battery cooling circuit is connected in series with the motor control cooling circuit. The coolant flows through the motor components, radiator, and cooler in sequence before returning to the battery pack. Series mode under waste heat recovery: The battery cooling circuit and the motor control cooling circuit are connected in series, and the coolant bypasses the radiator and circulates directly through the cooler.

3. The integrated low-cost thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-way proportional water valve has three operating modes for adjusting the water flow ratio between the cooler and the water-cooled condenser.

4. The integrated low-cost thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigerant-side subsystem is equipped with: The PT1 sensor is used to detect pressure and temperature on the high-voltage side. The PT2 sensor is used to detect pressure and temperature on the low-pressure side. The T1 sensor is used to monitor the evaporator outlet temperature. The T2 sensor is used to detect the evaporator outlet air temperature; The T3 sensor is used to monitor the outlet temperature of the liquid storage tank.

5. The integrated low-cost thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the refrigerant-side subsystem: The compressor is a general-purpose electric scroll compressor of R134a and R1234yf, using POE lubricating oil; Both the water-cooled condenser and the cooler are plate heat exchangers. The regenerator may be integrated as a component of the cooler or set up independently. The first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, and the third electronic expansion valve are all controlled by a LIN bus.

6. The integrated low-cost thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coolant-side subsystem is equipped with: The T_01 sensor is used to monitor the outlet temperature of the water heater. The T_02 sensor is used to detect the water temperature entering the battery pack.

7. The integrated low-cost thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system has five main functional modes, including: cooling mode, heating mode, dehumidification mode, defrosting mode, and natural cooling mode.

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